Combination device, method and system of shared cell stack

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage batteries, and relates to a combined device, method and system of a shared battery stack. The integrated box comprises a container, and the integrated box comprises a first area and a second area; wherein the first area is used for installing control equipment; the second area is used for installing an energy storage battery; the control equipment comprises an energy storage converter PCS, a control switcher ATS and an uninterruptible power supply UPS; one energy storage converter PCS is only connected with one energy storage battery and is used for controlling charging and discharging of the energy storage battery and conversion of alternating current and direct current; and the control switcher ATS is used for controlling the opening and closing of a circuit between the energy storage battery and the external power distribution switch equipment so as to complete the conversion and reconfiguration of an electrical loop. According to the invention, the safety of the energy storage battery is enhanced while the electric quantity reserve is improved. Different from a traditional UPS energy storage battery, the photovoltaic energy storage battery is always kept in an active state in daily operation and participates in storage and release of photovoltaic power, and the problems of battery performance degradation and service life shortening possibly caused by long-time idling are effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage batteries, and in particular to a combined device, method and system for a shared battery stack. Background Art

[0002] With social development and the widespread adoption of energy storage technology, the number and scale of industry demands are rapidly increasing. Emergency management departments, high-tech enterprises, medical institutions, prisons, data centers, mining companies, and other sectors are increasingly demanding the stability and reliability of their power supply. To ensure this stability and reliability, businesses are currently opting for UPS (Uninterruptible Power System) as a backup power source. UPSs, through their energy storage devices, provide continuous AC power to loads during utility power outages, ensuring uninterrupted power supply. Furthermore, some UPSs are capable of filtering power harmonics and surges, ensuring power quality.

[0003] Currently, most industrial and commercial enterprises have installed photovoltaic power generation and energy storage systems, but they are difficult to be compatible with the original security power supply (UPS) system. The two systems cannot be horizontally connected and support each other. Once the external power grid loses power, all power generation systems are forced to shut down urgently.

[0004] Since the UPS's energy storage battery only works when the mains power fails, the UPS's energy storage battery is used as a backup power source for a long time, resulting in serious resource waste. At the same time, since the UPS's energy storage battery cannot be charged and discharged regularly, the life of the energy storage battery will also be seriously affected. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology and propose a combination device, method and system for sharing battery stacks. By introducing a control switch mechanism, the uninterruptible power supply system (UPS) and photovoltaic energy storage batteries are cleverly integrated into one, so that during the mains power outage, the UPS can directly use the photovoltaic energy storage battery to provide power to the load, thereby abandoning the independent energy storage battery configuration in the traditional UPS system.

[0006] Furthermore, the present invention incorporates a built-in monitoring system that accurately monitors the remaining charge of the two photovoltaic energy storage batteries in real time. If the charge level of one battery drops below a preset safety threshold, the control switch automatically and seamlessly switches the UPS power source to the battery with more power, ensuring continuous and stable operation of the load and preventing any power outages caused by insufficient power.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention, in a first aspect, provides a combined device for a shared battery stack, comprising a container, wherein the integrated box comprises a first area and a second area; the first area is relatively isolated from the second area;

[0008] Among them, the first area is used to install control equipment; the second area is used to install energy storage batteries;

[0009] The control equipment includes energy storage converter PCS, control switch ATS and uninterruptible power supply UPS;

[0010] The same number of energy storage converter PCS and energy storage batteries is set. One energy storage converter PCS is only connected to one energy storage battery to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage battery and the conversion of AC and DC;

[0011] The control switch ATS is used to control the opening and closing of the circuit between the energy storage battery and the external power distribution switch equipment, complete the transformation and reconfiguration of the electrical circuit, and realize the two-level sharing of the battery stack;

[0012] When the mains power is interrupted, the uninterruptible power supply UPS provides continuous AC power to the load through the energy storage device to ensure the continuity of power supply to the load.

[0013] Preferably, the second area is provided with several independent installation areas, and energy storage batteries are installed in each installation area.

[0014] Preferably, the energy storage battery is composed of multiple battery clusters connected in parallel; the battery cluster adopts a battery rack structure, which includes battery modules and a high-voltage box; the high-voltage box is integrated with a BMS main control unit BCMU for managing and controlling the battery cluster.

[0015] Preferably, multiple battery clusters are connected in parallel and connected together on the DC side by a combiner cabinet.

[0016] Preferably, the container is equipped with at least one fire protection system and one refrigeration unit;

[0017] The fire protection system is used to alarm and extinguish fire in case of fire;

[0018] The refrigeration unit and the energy storage battery are connected through pipes for cooling, so that the energy storage battery works in the optimal performance temperature range.

[0019] Preferably, the energy storage converter PCS tracks the grid voltage frequency and performs bidirectional current conversion control; it has multiple charging and discharging modes including constant current, constant voltage current limiting, and constant power.

[0020] Preferably, when the energy storage converter PCS forms a microgrid with local loads and distributed energy and operates in an isolated grid, it provides stable voltage and frequency for the loads in the microgrid.

[0021] A second aspect of the present invention provides a control method for a shared battery stack assembly device, which is used to control the above device, comprising the following specific steps:

[0022] S1. Detect the grid operation status and implement different control strategies according to the grid operation mode;

[0023] S2, Grid-connected mode: The energy storage converter PCS tracks the grid voltage and frequency, and loads at all levels are connected to the grid power supply through the control switch ATS combination, operating under the same power supply safety level;

[0024] S3, sudden power failure mode: The primary load is switched to the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system by controlling the switch ATS. The primary load is kept powered on safely, while the secondary and tertiary loads are isolated from power failure.

[0025] S4, off-grid operation mode: After detecting a power outage in the grid, after the set response time is reached, the energy storage battery is switched to V / f operation mode through the control switch ATS, and some secondary loads are started one after another. After the system stabilizes, the internal photovoltaic power generation of the system is restarted to establish a microgrid system in an off-grid state, and power is supplied to the required loads one after another.

[0026] Preferably, step S4 further includes the following steps:

[0027] S41, detecting the operating status of the energy storage battery, and controlling different energy storage batteries to supply power according to the operating status;

[0028] S42, checking the power of all batteries; using the battery with the highest power to supply power;

[0029] S43, when the power of the power supply battery is less than 10%, the control switch ATS controls the use of another battery for power supply and charges the power supply battery;

[0030] S44. When the battery power is insufficient, an alarm is issued.

[0031] A third aspect of the present invention provides an energy storage system that uses the above-mentioned device for energy storage and uses the above-mentioned method for control.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0033] The integrated design of this invention significantly increases the available power compared to traditional UPS power supplies, achieving a significant increase in available power, nearly several times the amount of the original configuration. This is because the battery capacity used in photovoltaic energy storage systems is typically no less than 10% of their total power generation. This standard means that the capacity of photovoltaic energy storage batteries is at least five times that of the energy storage batteries commonly used in current UPSs. In the event of a utility power outage, this ample power reserve can provide a more sustained and stable power supply to the load, significantly extending the power supply duration after the outage.

[0034] More importantly, this design significantly enhances the safety of the energy storage battery while increasing power reserves. Unlike traditional UPS energy storage batteries, photovoltaic energy storage batteries remain active throughout daily operation, participating in the storage and release of photovoltaic power. This effectively prevents the potential degradation and shortened lifespan of batteries caused by prolonged idle time. Furthermore, this invention incorporates a dedicated monitoring system for 24 / 7, all-round monitoring of the photovoltaic energy storage battery's status, ensuring its safety during use and further improving the stability and reliability of the entire system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a system wiring diagram of a shared battery stack in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a container layout diagram of a shared battery stack in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of power supply in a shared battery stack grid-connected mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a shared battery stack using a photovoltaic energy storage battery 1 for power supply in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a shared battery stack using photovoltaic energy storage battery 2 for power supply in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of power supply when the photovoltaic energy storage battery of the shared battery stack in an embodiment of the present invention provides insufficient power. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment provides a combined device for sharing a battery stack, such as Figure 2 As shown, a container is included, wherein the integrated box includes a first area and a second area; the first area is relatively isolated from the second area;

[0043] Among them, the first area is used to install control equipment; the second area is used to install energy storage batteries;

[0044] The control equipment includes energy storage converter PCS, control switch ATS and uninterruptible power supply UPS;

[0045] The same number of energy storage converter PCS and energy storage batteries is set. One energy storage converter PCS is only connected to one energy storage battery to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage battery and the conversion of AC and DC;

[0046] The control switch ATS is used to control the opening and closing of the circuit between the energy storage battery and the external power distribution switch equipment, complete the transformation and reconfiguration of the electrical circuit, and realize the two-level sharing of the battery stack;

[0047] When the mains power is interrupted, the uninterruptible power supply UPS provides continuous AC power to the load through the energy storage device to ensure the continuity of power supply to the load.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, the shared battery stack is installed in a container. The first area serves as the control equipment installation area, integrating the first energy storage converter PCS, the second energy storage converter PCS, the uninterruptible power supply UPS, and the control switch ATS. The second area has two independent installation areas for installing the energy storage batteries of the photovoltaic energy storage system. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic energy storage battery single-cell battery should be selected with a relatively large capacity. On the one hand, this can increase the power density and reduce the space occupied; on the other hand, it can reduce the number of series and parallel circuits of the battery and reduce the probability of battery inconsistency. The energy storage battery is composed of multiple battery clusters connected in parallel. The battery cluster adopts a battery rack structure, which includes battery modules and a high-voltage box. The high-voltage box integrates a BMS main control unit BCMU for managing and controlling the battery cluster. Multiple battery clusters are connected in parallel and connected to the DC side by a junction box.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the container is equipped with at least one fire protection system and one refrigeration unit; the fire protection system is used to alarm and extinguish the fire in the event of a fire; the refrigeration unit is connected to the energy storage battery through a pipe for cooling, so that the energy storage battery operates in the optimal performance temperature range.

[0050] In this embodiment, the system wiring diagram of the shared battery stack assembly device is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, photovoltaic energy storage battery 1 and photovoltaic energy storage battery 2 are connected to the first and second energy storage converters, respectively. The PCSs track the grid voltage and frequency, performing bidirectional current conversion control and offering multiple charge and discharge modes, including constant current, constant voltage current limiting, and constant power. When operating in parallel with local loads and distributed energy resources in a microgrid, the PCSs provide stable voltage and frequency for the loads within the microgrid.

[0051] The control switch ATS is connected to the first and second energy storage converters PCS and the uninterruptible power supply UPS, which is in turn connected to the external distribution switchgear. By flexibly combining the ATS and the distribution switchgear and utilizing the information collection and logic judgment technology in the automatic backup technology, a control strategy for the ATS and the distribution switch is designed, and then the two are coordinated to automatically execute the relevant opening and closing commands according to the issued instructions, completing the transformation and reconfiguration of the electrical circuit. In this embodiment, an energy storage converter PCS and an energy storage battery constitute an energy storage system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes two energy storage systems and an uninterruptible power supply system. The three systems share two energy storage batteries, eliminating the UPS battery. At the same time, the control system of the energy storage battery (control switch ATS) can also be shared, thereby realizing the two-level sharing function. In this embodiment, the cost is lower due to the reduction of one UPS battery; the UPS battery maintenance cost is reduced; and since the capacity of the energy storage battery is at least 10 times that of the UPS battery, the UPS power supply time is greatly increased.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] This embodiment provides a control method for a shared battery stack assembly device, which is used to control the device in Example 1, including the following specific steps:

[0054] S1. Detect the grid operation status and implement different control strategies according to the grid operation mode;

[0055] S2, Grid-connected mode: The energy storage converter PCS tracks the grid voltage and frequency, and the loads at all levels are connected to the grid power supply through the control switch ATS combination, and operate under the same power supply safety level; specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the energy storage systems PCS1 and PCS2 switch to the grid-connected operation mode; the mains power is supplied to the primary load through the UPS.

[0056] S3, sudden power outage mode: In the on-grid to off-grid mode, the primary load needs to be switched to the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system through the control switch ATS. The primary load is kept powered safely, and the secondary and tertiary loads are isolated from the power outage. At this time, the energy storage system is switched to supply power to the primary load.

[0057] S4, off-grid operation mode: After detecting a power outage in the grid, after the set response time is reached, the energy storage battery is switched to V / f operation mode through the control switch ATS, and some secondary loads are started one after another. After the system stabilizes, the internal photovoltaic power generation of the system is restarted to establish a microgrid system in an off-grid state, and power is supplied to the required loads one after another.

[0058] Step S4 also includes the following steps:

[0059] S41, detecting the operating status of the energy storage battery, and controlling different energy storage batteries to supply power according to the operating status;

[0060] S42, checking the power of all batteries; using the battery with the highest power to supply power;

[0061] S43, when the power of the power supply battery is less than 10%, the control switch ATS controls the use of another battery for power supply and charges the power supply battery;

[0062] S44. When the battery power is insufficient, an alarm is issued.

[0063] In this embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, when it is detected that the photovoltaic energy storage battery 1 has sufficient power, the control switch ATS controls the battery 1 to serve as an uninterruptible power supply UPS to supply power.

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, the status of the photovoltaic energy storage battery 1 is detected by the intelligent controller; when it is detected that the power of the photovoltaic energy storage battery 1 is less than 10%, the control switch ATS controls the battery 2 to serve as an uninterruptible power supply UPS; at the same time, the photovoltaic system charges the battery 1.

[0065] like Figure 6 As shown, when it is detected that both batteries are low on power, the system will sound an alarm to notify maintenance personnel.

[0066] This embodiment innovatively integrates an uninterruptible power supply system (UPS) and a photovoltaic energy storage battery through a control switch mechanism, ensuring that in the event of a city power outage, the UPS can seamlessly connect and directly utilize the energy in the photovoltaic energy storage battery to power the load. This eliminates the independent energy storage battery components that are indispensable in traditional UPS systems and achieves efficient integration and optimization of energy utilization. At the same time, the monitoring mechanism of the present invention can accurately track the remaining power of the two photovoltaic energy storage batteries in real time. Once it detects that the power level of either battery has dropped below a preset safety level, the built-in control switch will quickly activate and automatically and smoothly switch the UPS power source to the battery with more sufficient power, thereby ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the load and effectively preventing the risk of power outages caused by power depletion.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] This embodiment provides an energy storage system, which uses the device in embodiment 1 to store energy and uses the method in embodiment 2 to control it.

[0069] This embodiment significantly enhances the safety of the energy storage battery while increasing power reserves. Unlike traditional UPS energy storage batteries, photovoltaic energy storage batteries remain active during daily operation, participating in the storage and release of photovoltaic power, effectively avoiding the potential degradation and shortened lifespan of batteries caused by long periods of inactivity.

[0070] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shared battery stack assembly, comprising a container, characterized in that: The integrated box includes a first area and a second area; the first area is relatively isolated from the second area; Among them, the first area is used to install control equipment; the second area is used to install energy storage batteries; The control equipment includes energy storage converter PCS, control switch ATS and uninterruptible power supply UPS; The same number of energy storage converter PCS and energy storage batteries is set. One energy storage converter PCS is only connected to one energy storage battery to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage battery and the conversion of AC and DC; The control switch ATS is used to control the opening and closing of the circuit between the energy storage battery and the external power distribution switch equipment, complete the transformation and reconfiguration of the electrical circuit, and realize the two-level sharing of the battery stack; When the mains power is interrupted, the uninterruptible power supply UPS provides continuous AC power to the load through the energy storage device to ensure the continuity of power supply to the load.

2. The shared battery stack assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second zone is equipped with several independent installation areas, each of which is equipped with energy storage batteries.

3. The shared battery stack assembly device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The energy storage battery consists of multiple battery clusters connected in parallel; the battery cluster adopts a battery rack structure, which includes battery modules and a high-voltage box; the high-voltage box is integrated with a BMS main control unit BCMU for managing and controlling the battery cluster.

4. The shared battery stack assembly device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Multiple battery clusters are connected in parallel and connected together on the DC side by a combiner cabinet.

5. The shared battery stack assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The container is equipped with at least one fire protection system and one refrigeration unit; The fire protection system is used to alarm and extinguish fire in case of fire; The refrigeration unit and the energy storage battery are connected through pipes for cooling, so that the energy storage battery works in the optimal performance temperature range.

6. The shared battery stack assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage converter PCS tracks the grid voltage and frequency and performs bidirectional current conversion control; it has multiple charging and discharging modes including constant current, constant voltage current limiting, and constant power.

7. The shared battery stack assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the energy storage converter PCS forms a microgrid with local loads and distributed energy and operates in an isolated grid, it provides stable voltage and frequency for the loads in the microgrid.

8. A control method for a shared battery stack assembly device, used to control the device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Detect the grid operation status and implement different control strategies according to the grid operation mode; S2, Grid-connected mode: The energy storage converter PCS tracks the grid voltage and frequency, and each load is connected to the grid power supply through the control switch ATS combination, operating under the same power supply safety level; S3, sudden power failure mode: The primary load is switched to the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system by controlling the switch ATS. The primary load is kept powered safely, while the secondary and tertiary loads are isolated from power failure. S4, off-grid operation mode: After detecting a power outage in the grid, after the set response time is reached, the energy storage battery is switched to V / f operation mode through the control switch ATS, and some secondary loads are started one after another. After the system stabilizes, the internal photovoltaic power generation of the system is restarted to establish a microgrid system in an off-grid state, and power is supplied to the required loads one after another.

9. The control method of the shared battery stack assembly device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S4 also includes the following steps: S41, detecting the operating status of the energy storage battery, and controlling different energy storage batteries to supply power according to the operating status; S42, checking the power of all batteries; using the battery with the highest power to supply power; S43, when the power of the power supply battery is less than 10%, the control switch ATS controls the use of another battery for power supply and charges the power supply battery; S44. When the battery power is insufficient, an alarm is issued.

10. An energy storage system, characterized in that: Energy is stored using the device described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and controlled using the method described in claims 8 to 9.

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