Virus disease control method for potato planting

Abstract

The invention relates to a viral disease prevention and control method for potato planting in the field of potato disease prevention and control. The method specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring a leaf image of a potato planting area; analyzing the plant disease area; the disease grade is judged according to the plant disease area proportion of the planting area, a liquid medicine raw material proportioning scheme is adjusted according to the disease grade, liquid medicine blending is carried out, the liquid medicine is prepared by mixing chelated zinc, lentinan, Jerberi and brassinolide according to the raw material proportioning scheme, and after blending, the liquid medicine is diluted by 600-800 times and prepared for spraying; the diluted liquid medicine is used for spraying; observing for 5-7 days after spraying, analyzing the cure rate after spraying, and if the cure rate is less than 80%, spraying again; viral diseases in potato planting are effectively prevented and treated; by collecting the leaf image and analyzing the disease area, the disease grade can be accurately judged, then the liquid medicine raw material proportioning scheme is adjusted, and efficient prevention and treatment of potato virus diseases are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling viral diseases of potato planting, and in particular to a method for preventing and controlling viral diseases of potato planting applied in the field of potato disease prevention and control. Background Art

[0002] Plant viral diseases often infect crops systemically, causing systemic symptoms in affected plants, such as dwarfing, arbuscule branches, deformities, and ulcers. The main symptoms of plant viral diseases include mosaic, discoloration, streaking, dead spots, necrosis, and deformities.

[0003] Potato virus diseases mainly include crinkle mosaic and leaf curl. The initial symptoms are: leaves shrink, become smaller, leaf tips bend downward, the whole plant becomes dwarfed, and the leaf color is uneven. In the later stage, dark brown necrotic spots will appear and the texture will become brittle. In severe cases, necrotic leaf spots will appear on the whole plant and it will die from the bottom up.

[0004] The specification of Chinese invention patent CN115669438B discloses a method for preventing and controlling potato scab. The invention continuously drips peel fermentation liquid from the potato bud stage to the one-third stage of flowering and the potato swelling stage. On the one hand, it can kill pathogens around the potato and protect the potato. On the other hand, it can also supplement nutrition for the plant, enhance plant immunity, further reduce the incidence and disease index of potato scab, and increase potato yield. Continuous use has no drug resistance and will not cause drug damage, with high economic benefits.

[0005] Chinese invention patent CN110100678A discloses a method for preventing and controlling potato late blight. The method comprises treating potato seeds with a seed dressing containing flax lignans, bacterial cellulose, and spirulina polysaccharides as active ingredients. Leveraging the excellent bio-antibacterial properties of the seed dressing, the seed dressing effectively inhibits the growth of potato seeds at the beginning of planting, effectively preventing and controlling potato late blight. The method demonstrates good field control effectiveness and is safe for the test crop within the intended use range.

[0006] Existing potato planting control drugs often show a relatively simple and ineffective effect in preventing and controlling viral diseases, so comprehensive consideration and more comprehensive measures are needed when preventing and controlling viral diseases. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned existing technologies, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing control drugs for potato planting are often relatively simple and ineffective in preventing and treating viral diseases, so comprehensive consideration and more comprehensive measures are needed when preventing and treating viral diseases.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling viral diseases in potato planting, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0009] A1, collect leaf images of potato planting areas and analyze the diseased area of plants;

[0010] A2, plant analysis, determines the disease level based on the proportion of diseased plant area in the planting area. Disease levels include no disease, slight disease, mild disease, moderate disease, and severe disease.

[0011] A3. Adjust the raw material ratio of the liquid medicine according to the disease level and prepare the liquid medicine. The liquid medicine is mixed with chelated zinc, lentinan, jelly and brassinolide according to the raw material ratio. After preparation, the liquid medicine is diluted 600-800 times and ready for spraying.

[0012] A4, administer the drug and spray the diluted drug solution;

[0013] A5: Observe for 5-7 days after spraying and analyze the cure rate after spraying. If the cure rate is less than 80%, spray again.

[0014] In the above-mentioned method for preventing and controlling viral diseases for potato planting, it is achieved.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present application, the specific steps of preparing the A3 Chinese medicine solution include:

[0016] B1, first add water to dissolve the chelated zinc. When dissolving, control the amount of water added according to the planting area, and the amount of water added is 500 ml per mu;

[0017] B2, add Lentinan and stir slowly to dissolve;

[0018] B3, then add Jiexiaoli and stir to mix;

[0019] B4. Finally, add brassinolide and stir to complete the preparation of the liquid medicine.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present application, when the number of plants with mild disease is greater than the set value, the dosage regimen a implemented per acre of planting area includes: 35 grams of chelated zinc diluted with 500 ml of water, and then added with 150 grams of lentinan, 10 grams of jelly and 8 grams of brassinolide;

[0021] When the number of plants with mild disease is greater than the set value, the drug administration plan b implemented per acre of planting area includes: 60 grams of chelated zinc diluted with 500 ml of water, and then added with 250 grams of lentinan, 10 grams of jiexiaoli and 8 grams of brassinolide;

[0022] When the number of plants with moderate disease grade is greater than the set value, the dosage regimen c implemented per acre of planting area includes: 80 grams of chelated zinc diluted with 500 ml of water, and then added with 300 grams of lentinan, 10 grams of jiexiaoli and 8 grams of brassinolide;

[0023] When the number of plants with high disease grade is greater than the set value, the dosing plan d implemented per acre of planting area includes: 100 grams of chelated zinc diluted with 500 ml of water, and then adding 400 grams of lentinan, 10 grams of jelly and 8 grams of brassinolide.

[0024] As a further improvement of the present application, when A2 judges the disease level, if the diseased area accounts for less than 5% of the plant area, it is judged as a slight disease; if the diseased area accounts for more than 5% but less than 20% of the plant area, it is judged as a mild disease; if the diseased area accounts for more than 20% but less than 35% of the plant area, it is judged as a moderate disease; if the diseased area accounts for more than 35% of the plant area, it is judged as a severe disease.

[0025] As another improvement of the present application, when A4 is implemented, dosing scheme b, dosing scheme c and dosing scheme d are sprayed in layers. When spraying in layers: first spray the leaf surface from top to bottom, and then spray the back of the leaf from bottom to top.

[0026] As another improvement of the present application, when performing the disease area analysis in A1, the disease distribution is first identified based on spatial statistical methods to determine whether the diseased plants are clustered or dispersed;

[0027] If the diseased plants are clustered, the planting area is divided into multiple sub-areas of equal size. Plants in the multiple sub-areas are analyzed, and a medication regimen is selected based on the number of diseased plants. The medication regimen is then adjusted based on the area of the sub-areas.

[0028] If the diseased plants are judged to be scattered, a plant analysis is conducted on the entire planting area and a medication regimen is selected based on the number of diseased plants.

[0029] As another improvement of the present application, integrated sprinkler irrigation devices are evenly distributed in the potato planting area. The integrated spraying device includes a vertical spray rod. The top end of the vertical spray rod is rotatably connected to a rotating bracket. An image acquisition unit and an integrated reminder unit are provided in the rotating bracket. The integrated reminder unit is used to mark the current sub-partition number. A proximity sensor, a voice prompt unit and a signal sending unit are installed in the integrated reminder unit. The voice prompt unit is used to remind the sprayer of the partition number, and the signal sending unit is used to send the partition number information to the spraying equipment.

[0030] As another improved supplement to the present application, at least one integrated sprinkler device is provided in each sub-partition, the proximity sensor sensing area of the integrated sprinkler device covers the sub-partition boundary, an auxiliary motor is installed at the bottom end of the vertical spray rod, the power output end of the auxiliary motor is connected to a transmission rod, the top end of the transmission rod is connected to a driving gear, and an annular tooth groove matching the driving gear is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the rotating bracket.

[0031] In summary, this solution achieves effective prevention and control of viral diseases in potato cultivation; by collecting leaf images and analyzing the diseased area to determine the disease level, and then adjusting the liquid medicine ratio and drug administration plan according to the disease situation of plants in the planting area, it achieves targeted and efficient prevention and control of potato viral diseases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the method for the first embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 A local grid count map of a highly diseased planting area according to the first embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 A local grid count map of the medium-incidence planting area in the first and second embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of sub-partition splitting in the second implementation mode of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the integrated sprinkler irrigation device according to the third embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a partial enlarged view of the integrated reminder unit of the third embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the integrated sprinkler irrigation device of the third embodiment of this application.

[0039] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0040] 1 vertical spray boom, 11 transmission rod, 2 rotating bracket, 3 image acquisition unit, 4 integrated reminder unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following describes two implementation methods of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] The first implementation method:

[0043] Figure 1-Figure 3 A method for preventing and controlling viral diseases of potato planting is provided, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0044] A1, collecting leaf images of a potato planting area; analyzing the diseased area of the plants, using existing diseased area statistical analysis methods such as grid counting maps or heat maps;

[0045] A2, plant analysis, the disease level is determined based on the proportion of diseased area of plants in the planting area. Disease levels include no disease, slight disease, moderate disease and severe disease. If the diseased area accounts for less than 5% of the plant area, it is considered to be slightly diseased. If the diseased area accounts for more than 5% but less than 20% of the plant area, it is considered to be mild disease. If the diseased area accounts for more than 20% but less than 35% of the plant area, it is considered to be moderate disease. Figure 3 If the diseased area accounts for more than 35% of the plant area, it is judged to be highly diseased. Figure 2 Shown;

[0046] A3. Adjust the raw material ratio of the liquid medicine according to the disease level and prepare the liquid medicine. The liquid medicine is mixed with chelated zinc, lentinan, jelly and brassinolide according to the raw material ratio. After preparation, the liquid medicine is diluted 600-800 times and ready for spraying.

[0047] Chelated zinc is a trace element fertilizer. Zinc is one of the essential trace elements for plants. It participates in the synthesis and activity of many enzymes and plays an important role in plant growth, development and stress resistance. Adding chelated zinc can easily improve plant stress resistance and enhance its resistance to viral diseases.

[0048] Lentinan is a highly effective biological drug for preventing and treating viral diseases, extracted from mushroom culture medium, that inhibits viral RNA replication. It has good wetting and permeability on plant surfaces and can be quickly absorbed by plants. It is a plant resistance agent that inhibits plant viral diseases and improves plant resistance to viral diseases. It activates the plant's own immune system, making it more effective in preventing viral replication and proliferation, significantly improving plant immunity.

[0049] Jiexiaoli is Silwet's agricultural silicone spray adjuvant, which is composed of alkoxy-modified polytrisiloxane (concentration 0.1%). Its mechanism of action is to reduce the surface tension of the pesticide solution, making it easier to spread, penetrate, adhere and wet, allowing the pesticide solution to penetrate through the pores, increasing the utilization rate of the pesticide and thus improving its efficacy.

[0050] Brassinolide, a sterol plant hormone, significantly increases plant nutrition, flowering, and fertilization at low concentrations, typically 0.1-0.001 mg / L. Plant cells absorb brassinolide, which reaches the cell membrane fluid and is converted and absorbed through RVA, making it more effective in preventing and controlling viral diseases in crops.

[0051] Brassinolide has the following functions in plants: 1. Balanced nutrient transport function, promoting plant physiological metabolism, and increasing more isoenzymes synthesized by cell mitochondria; 2. It can induce and enhance plant immunity, thereby inhibiting viral infection, achieving antiviral and yield-increasing effects. Therefore, brassinolide has a good effect in preventing and controlling viral diseases.

[0052] Mix chelated zinc, lentinan, jelly and brassinolide in a certain proportion to make a liquid, and then spray it on potato plants after dilution to effectively prevent and control potato viral diseases.

[0053] A4, administer the drug and spray the diluted drug solution;

[0054] A5: Observe for 5-7 days after spraying and analyze the cure rate after spraying. If the cure rate is less than 80%, spray again.

[0055] The specific steps of preparing the drug solution include:

[0056] B1, first add water to dissolve the chelated zinc. When dissolving, control the amount of water added according to the planting area, and the amount of water added is 500 ml per mu;

[0057] B2, add Lentinan and stir slowly to dissolve;

[0058] B3, then add Jiexiaoli and stir to mix;

[0059] B4. Finally, add brassinolide and stir to complete the preparation of the liquid medicine.

[0060] Different levels of disease progression use different drug solution preparation schemes. Examples of specific drug dosage schemes for disease levels are as follows:

[0061] Mild disease level: the diseased area accounts for less than or equal to 5% of the entire plant area;

[0062] When the number of plants with mild disease is greater than the set value A, the drug administration plan a (4,000 potato plants per acre) is implemented in each acre of planting area as follows: 35 grams of chelated zinc is diluted with 500 ml of water, and 150 grams of lentinan, 10 grams of gypsum, and 8 grams of brassinolide are added, and the mixture is diluted 600-800 times;

[0063] Use the diluted solution to spray the leaves after 5 pm. Observe 5-7 days after spraying and the cure rate of diseased plants is 45%;

[0064] The second administration was carried out with the same administration scheme as the first one. Observation was carried out 5-7 days after spraying and the cure rate of diseased plants was 86%.

[0065] Mild disease: The diseased area accounts for more than 5% and less than 20% of the entire plant area;

[0066] When the number of plants with mild disease is greater than the set value B, the drug administration plan b (planting 4,000 potatoes per acre) is implemented per acre of planting area, including: 60 grams of chelated zinc diluted with 500 ml of water, adding 250 grams of lentinan, 10 grams of gypsum, and 8 grams of brassinolide, and the mixture is diluted 600-800 times;

[0067] Spray on the leaves after 5 pm and observe 5-7 days after spraying. The cure rate of diseased plants is 55%;

[0068] The second administration was carried out: the administration scheme was the same as the first one, and observation was carried out 5-7 days after spraying. The cure rate of diseased plants was 90%.

[0069] Moderate disease: the diseased area accounts for more than 20% and less than 35% of the entire plant area;

[0070] When the number of plants with moderate disease severity is greater than the set value C, the drug administration plan C (4,000 potato plants per acre) is implemented per acre of planting area, including: 80 grams of chelated zinc diluted in 500 ml of water, 300 grams of lentinan, 10 grams of gypsum, and 8 grams of brassinolide, diluted 600-800 times, sprayed on the leaves after 5 pm, and observed 5-7 days after spraying. The cure rate of diseased plants is 59%;

[0071] The second administration was carried out with the same administration scheme as the first one. Observation was carried out 5-7 days after spraying and the cure rate of diseased plants was 93%.

[0072] Highly diseased: The diseased area accounts for more than 35% of the entire plant area;

[0073] When the number of plants with a high disease level is greater than the set value D, the drug administration plan D (4,000 potato plants per acre) implemented in each acre of planting area includes: 100 grams of chelated zinc diluted with 500 ml of water, plus 400 grams of lentinan, 10 grams of gypsum, and 8 grams of brassinolide, with a dilution ratio of 600-800 times;

[0074] Spray on the leaves after 5 pm and observe 5-7 days after spraying. The cure rate of diseased plants is 68%;

[0075] The second administration was carried out with the same administration scheme as the first one. Observation was carried out 5-7 days after spraying and the cure rate of diseased plants was 96%.

[0076] When selecting a medication regimen, the priority of medication regimen selection is selected from high to low according to the disease level. For example, when the number of plants with a high disease level is greater than the set value D, and the number of plants with a low disease level is greater than the set value B, the medication regimen corresponding to the case where the number of plants with a high disease level is greater than the set value D is preferred. The statistical table of plant cure rates after two medications for each disease level is as follows:

[0077] Table 1: Plant cure rate statistics

[0078]

[0079] This implementation effectively prevents and controls viral diseases in potato cultivation. By capturing leaf images and analyzing the diseased area, the disease grade can be accurately determined, allowing adjustments to the formulation of the drug solution. The solution is a mixture of chelated zinc, lentinan, jellyfish, and brassinolide. These ingredients work synergistically to enhance plant resistance and immunity, while also effectively inhibiting viral replication and proliferation. The formulation of the drug administration plan fully considers the disease grade and plant population, ensuring targeted and effective control, achieving highly effective prevention and control of potato viral diseases.

[0080] Second implementation method:

[0081] Figure 3-Figure 4 It is shown that when analyzing the diseased area in A1, the disease distribution is first identified based on spatial statistical methods to determine whether the diseased plants are clustered or dispersed;

[0082] When judging whether the diseased plants are clustered or dispersed, each diseased plant is regarded as a disease statistical point;

[0083] The judgment is made by a person skilled in the art using an appropriate spatial statistical method in the prior art. For example, the spatial statistical method is to quantify the overall spatial autocorrelation of the region by calculating the Moran's index (I). When the index value is significantly greater than 0, it indicates that the diseased plants are spatially clustered. When the index value is significantly less than 0, it indicates that the diseased plants are dispersed (discrete).

[0084] Alternatively, the nearest neighbor analysis was used to calculate the average nearest neighbor ratio (ANN). If the ANN was greater than 1, it indicated that the diseased plants were randomly distributed; if the ANN was less than 1, it indicated that the diseased plants were clustered.

[0085] If the diseased plants are clustered, the planting area is divided into multiple sub-areas of the same size (e.g. Figure 4 ), performing plant analysis on multiple sub-regions and selecting a dosing regimen based on the number of diseased plants; then adjusting the dosing regimen based on the area of the sub-region; when implementing the dosing regimen selection, adjusting the set value of the number of plants and the dosing regimen based on the area of the sub-region;

[0086] For example: when the area of the sub-region is one quarter of an acre, when the number of plants with a high disease level is greater than the set value D / 4, the dosing plan implemented per acre of planting area is as follows: dilute 25 grams of chelated zinc with 125 ml of water, add 100 grams of Lentinan, 2.5 grams of Jexol, and 2 grams of brassinolide, and mix and dilute the mixture at a ratio of 600-800 times.

[0087] If the diseased plants are judged to be scattered, a plant analysis is conducted on the entire planting area and a medication regimen is selected based on the number of diseased plants.

[0088] When A4 is administered, dosing schemes b, c, and d are sprayed in layers. When spraying in layers, first spray the leaf surface from top to bottom, then spray the leaf back from bottom to top.

[0089] Since most pathogens invade through the stomata on the back of leaves, and the lower old leaves are more susceptible to disease, focus on spraying all over the area with a high disease level and a large number of plants;

[0090] This embodiment achieves precise prevention and control of viral diseases in potato-growing areas. It determines the distribution status of diseases through spatial statistical methods and adopts corresponding strategies for different distribution states. When diseases are distributed in clusters, more accurate dosing plans are formulated by refining sub-regions, which avoids excessive use of liquid medicine and ensures the prevention and control effect. At the same time, the dosing plan is adjusted according to the area of the sub-region, further improving the targetedness and efficiency of prevention and control.

[0091] The third implementation method:

[0092] Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, the potato planting area is evenly distributed with a comprehensive sprinkler irrigation device, which includes a vertical spray boom 1. The top of the vertical spray boom 1 is rotatably connected to a rotating bracket 2. A rotating nozzle is installed on the top of the vertical spray boom 1, and the rotating nozzle is rotatably connected to the rotating bracket 2. An image acquisition unit 3 and a comprehensive reminder unit 4 are provided in the rotating bracket 2. The image acquisition unit 3 adopts the existing technology and is installed by selecting a suitable image acquisition device in the existing technology, such as a solar monitoring camera.

[0093] The integrated reminder unit 4 is used to mark the current sub-partition number. The integrated reminder unit 4 can be provided with an LED display to display the partition number, or the partition number can be printed on the housing of the integrated reminder unit 4.

[0094] The integrated reminder unit 4 includes a waterproof housing, in which a proximity sensor, a voice prompt unit, and a signal sending unit are installed. The proximity sensor is used to detect when a person or device approaches the area. A person skilled in the art can install it using a suitable sensor device in the prior art, such as a laser radar, for example, the laser radar model is: TF-Luna;

[0095] The voice prompt unit is used to remind the sprayer of the partition number. The voice prompt unit adopts existing technology and is installed by a person skilled in the art by selecting an existing suitable voice generating device. When specifically reminding, a voice of the sub-partition number is issued. A person skilled in the art can set the voice prompt unit to be connected to the network. After setting the medication regimen for the sub-partition, a voice prompt of the medication regimen is added. The general voice prompt information is, for example, "approaching sub-partition X, medication regimen d is implemented in this sub-partition";

[0096] The signal sending unit is used to send the partition number information to the spraying equipment. The signal sending unit sends the information to the spraying equipment via a wireless signal. The signal sending unit adopts the existing technology and is set by a person skilled in the art by selecting a suitable wireless signal sending device in the existing technology.

[0097] After receiving the partition number information, the spraying device switches the drug delivery, causing the spraying device or relevant technicians to switch to the drug solution corresponding to the partition drug delivery plan for spraying, and select the corresponding spraying method. For example, when switching to the drug solution of drug delivery plan d for spraying, a layered spraying drug delivery plan is adopted;

[0098] When the liquid medicine spraying unit moves to the position (the liquid medicine spraying unit includes a spraying device or a spraying person), the integrated reminder unit 4 sends a voice prompt or a prompt signal to facilitate the rapid switching of the spraying work.

[0099] Each sub-area is provided with at least one integrated sprinkler system. The proximity sensor sensing area of the integrated sprinkler system covers the sub-area boundary. An auxiliary motor is installed at the bottom end of the vertical spray boom 1. The power output end of the auxiliary motor is connected to a transmission rod 11. The top end of the transmission rod 11 is connected to a driving gear. An annular tooth groove matching the driving gear is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the rotating bracket 2.

[0100] The auxiliary motor is used to drive the rotating bracket 2 to rotate. By driving the rotating bracket 2 to rotate, the image acquisition unit 3 thereon can fully acquire images of surrounding plants, making it convenient to monitor the plants after spraying through the integrated sprinkler irrigation device.

[0101] This embodiment realizes the intelligent management of image information collection and drug administration in the potato planting area through the integrated sprinkler irrigation device. The integrated sprinkler irrigation device incorporates image collection and comprehensive reminder functions, which improves the efficiency and accuracy of prevention and control work. The image acquisition unit 3 can capture the growth status and disease status images of the surrounding potato plants in all directions and from multiple angles, providing detailed data support for subsequent analysis and drug administration. The integrated reminder unit 4 can provide voice prompts or signal reminders of the partition number and drug administration plan in a timely manner when personnel or equipment approach, ensuring the rapid switching and accurate implementation of the spraying work.

[0102] In summary, this solution achieves effective prevention and control of viral diseases in potato cultivation; by collecting leaf images and analyzing the diseased area to determine the disease level, and then adjusting the liquid medicine ratio and drug administration plan according to the disease situation of plants in the planting area, it achieves targeted and efficient prevention and control of potato viral diseases.

[0103] In view of current actual needs, the protection scope of the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to this. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and controlling viral diseases in potato planting, characterized in that: The specific steps include: A1, collect leaf images of potato planting areas and analyze the diseased area of plants; A2, plant analysis, determines the disease level based on the proportion of diseased plant area in the planting area. Disease levels include no disease, slight disease, mild disease, moderate disease, and severe disease. A3. Adjust the raw material ratio of the liquid medicine according to the disease level and prepare the liquid medicine. The liquid medicine is mixed with chelated zinc, lentinan, jelly and brassinolide according to the raw material ratio. After preparation, the liquid medicine is diluted 600-800 times and ready for spraying. A4, administer the drug and spray the diluted drug solution; A5: Observe for 5-7 days after spraying and analyze the cure rate after spraying. If the cure rate is less than 80%, spray again.

2. A method for preventing and controlling viral diseases in potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of preparing the A3 Chinese medicine solution include: B1, first add water to dissolve the chelated zinc. When dissolving, control the amount of water added according to the planting area, and the amount of water added is 500 ml per mu; B2, add Lentinan and stir slowly to dissolve; B3, then add Jiexiaoli and stir to mix; B4. Finally, add brassinolide and stir to complete the preparation of the liquid medicine.

3. A method for preventing and controlling viral diseases in potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the number of plants with mild disease is greater than the set value, the dosage plan a implemented per acre of planting area includes: 35 grams of chelated zinc diluted with 500 ml of water, and then added with 150 grams of lentinan, 10 grams of gypsum, and 8 grams of brassinolide; When the number of plants with mild disease is greater than the set value, the dosage plan b implemented per acre of planting area includes: 60 grams of chelated zinc diluted with 500 ml of water, and then added with 250 grams of lentinan, 10 grams of jelly and 8 grams of brassinolide; When the number of plants with moderate disease severity is greater than the set value, the dosage regimen c implemented per acre of planting area includes: 80 grams of chelated zinc diluted with 500 milliliters of water, and then added with 300 grams of lentinan, 10 grams of gypsophila and 8 grams of brassinolide; When the number of plants with a high disease grade is greater than the set value, the dosing plan d implemented per acre of planting area includes: 100 grams of chelated zinc diluted with 500 ml of water, and then adding 400 grams of Lentinan, 10 grams of Jiexiaoli and 8 grams of brassinolide.

4. The method for preventing and controlling viral diseases of potato planting according to claim 1, wherein: When A2 judges the disease grade, if the diseased area accounts for less than 5% of the plant area, it is judged as a slight disease; if the diseased area accounts for more than 5% but less than 20% of the plant area, it is judged as a mild disease; if the diseased area accounts for more than 20% but less than 35% of the plant area, it is judged as a moderate disease; if the diseased area accounts for more than 35% of the plant area, it is judged as a severe disease.

5. A method for preventing and controlling viral diseases in potato planting according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the A4 is administered, the dosage regimens b, c and d are sprayed in layers. When spraying in layers, the leaf surface is sprayed from top to bottom first, and then the back of the leaf is sprayed from bottom to top.

6. A method for preventing and controlling viral diseases of potato planting according to claim 3, characterized in that: When performing the disease area analysis in A1, the disease distribution is first identified using spatial statistical methods to determine whether the diseased plants are clustered or dispersed. If the diseased plants are clustered, the planting area is divided into multiple sub-areas of equal size. Plants in the multiple sub-areas are analyzed, and a medication regimen is selected based on the number of diseased plants. The medication regimen is then adjusted based on the area of the sub-areas. If the diseased plants are judged to be scattered, a plant analysis is conducted on the entire planting area and a medication regimen is selected based on the number of diseased plants.

7. A method for preventing and controlling viral diseases in potato planting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The potato planting area is evenly distributed with integrated sprinkler irrigation devices, the integrated sprinkler device comprising a vertical spraying rod (1), the top end of the vertical spraying rod (1) being rotatably connected to a rotating bracket (2), an image acquisition unit (3) and an integrated reminder unit (4) being arranged in the rotating bracket (2), the integrated reminder unit (4) being used to mark the current sub-division number, a proximity sensor, a voice prompt unit and a signal sending unit being installed in the integrated reminder unit (4), the voice prompt unit being used to remind a spraying person of the division number, and the signal sending unit being used to send division number information to the spraying equipment.

8. A method for preventing and controlling viral diseases for potato planting according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each sub-division is provided with at least one integrated sprinkler device, the proximity sensor sensing area of the integrated sprinkler device covers the sub-division boundary, an auxiliary motor is installed at the bottom end of the vertical spray rod (1), a power output end of the auxiliary motor is connected to a transmission rod (11), the top end of the transmission rod (11) is connected to a driving gear, and an annular tooth groove matching the driving gear is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the rotating bracket (2).

Images