Edible mushroom intelligent three-dimensional cultivation system transformed from idle tobacco leaf curing barn

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent edible mushroom three-dimensional cultivation system transformed from an idle tobacco leaf curing barn, and relates to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, the system comprises a cultivation main body based on the idle tobacco leaf curing barn, and further comprises an auxiliary mechanism arranged by relying on the cultivation main body; the auxiliary mechanism comprises a multi-layer planting frame automatic lifting device, a temperature and humidity automatic adjusting control device and an airflow control module with a turbulent flow function. The established intelligent cultivation system can achieve automatic feeding and discharging, irrigation, fertilization, ventilation and other operations, manual operation links are reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, idle resources and curing barn assets are efficiently utilized, the idle space is converted into an edible fungus cultivation site, and the economic benefit is improved. Waste of land and space is avoided, initial construction amount can be reduced, and capital construction cost is saved; the crop rotation mode of flue-cured tobacco planting and edible mushroom planting is provided, the income channel is widened, and the diversification of the rural industry is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and in particular relates to an intelligent three-dimensional edible fungus cultivation system transformed from an idle tobacco leaf curing barn. Background Art

[0002] Tobacco curing barns are special facilities used to cure tobacco leaves during the tobacco planting process. After the tobacco harvest season, the curing barns are often idle and have low utilization rates, resulting in a large amount of land and space resources being occupied, causing unnecessary waste.

[0003] Furthermore, adjustments to tobacco cultivation policies and changes in the flue-cured tobacco industry in some regions have put some flue-curing barns at risk of abandonment. Effectively utilizing these idle barns has become a pressing issue.

[0004] Artificially cultivated edible fungi are rich in nutrients, delicious and crispy, and contain a variety of amino acids, vitamins and mineral components. They are very popular in domestic and foreign markets. With the improvement of people's living standards and the increase in demand for healthy food, the market demand for artificially cultivated edible fungi has increased year by year. The development of artificially cultivated edible fungi has good economic benefits and broad market prospects; however, traditional artificially cultivated edible fungi cultivation mostly adopts flat cultivation methods, which takes up a large space and has low land utilization rate.

[0005] In recent years, with the continuous development of information technology, automation technology, and agricultural cultivation techniques, the application of intelligent three-dimensional cultivation technology has become increasingly widespread in the agricultural sector. Many crop and edible fungus cultivation methods are moving towards intelligent and three-dimensional systems to improve production efficiency and product quality. Transforming idle tobacco curing barns into intelligent three-dimensional cultivation systems for artificial cultivation of edible fungi is an innovative approach to agricultural technology development. This renovation not only solves the problem of idle curing barns but also significantly improves space utilization and resource management through intelligent technology, thereby promoting the development of the edible fungus industry. This approach aligns with the development trends of modern agricultural technology and has significant practical significance and potential for expansion.

[0006] Although the intelligent three-dimensional cultivation system can effectively expand the cultivation area and increase unit yield within a limited space, its implementation still faces many challenges, such as environmental control, facility and equipment configuration, cultivation technology optimization, cost input control, and personnel quality improvement.

[0007] The growth of artificially cultivated edible fungi requires stringent environmental conditions. Different stages of growth require varying temperatures, moisture, carbon dioxide, and pH levels. For example, temperature is a crucial factor influencing the growth and development of edible fungi. Different fungi require different temperature ranges, and each species can only grow within its optimal temperature range. Water is a crucial component of edible fungi cells, comprising approximately 90% of mycelium and fresh mushroom bodies. The majority of this moisture comes from the culture medium. The moisture content of the culture medium is a crucial factor influencing mycelial growth and fruiting; fruiting bodies can only form when the moisture content is appropriate. Most edible fungi require a relative humidity of 65% to 75% for mycelial growth, and 80% to 95% for fruiting body development. Ventilation is a crucial cultivation measure during the growth of edible fungi, ensuring they meet their oxygen needs and eliminate metabolic waste, carbon dioxide. In a three-dimensional cultivation environment, the multi-layered structure complicates air circulation, heat distribution, and humidity transfer, making it difficult to ensure that the environmental conditions on each tier precisely meet the growth requirements of cultivated edible fungi. During high summer temperatures, the bottom tiers remain relatively cool, while the top tiers, due to their proximity to the roof or direct sunlight, can experience soaring temperatures. In winter, poor ventilation on the bottom tiers can lead to high humidity, further complicating the precise control of environmental parameters. Furthermore, intelligent three-dimensional cultivation systems for edible fungi cultivation require specialized equipment, including three-dimensional cultivation racks, irrigation systems, ventilation systems, lighting systems, and intelligent control systems. These systems must be designed and installed based on the spatial structure of the drying room and the specific requirements of the cultivated edible fungi. The racks must be structurally stable, able to withstand the weight of the multiple layers, and easy to operate and manage. Furthermore, the irrigation system must ensure that the edible fungi on each tier receive even water. Furthermore, the ventilation and lighting systems must also ensure uniform distribution of light within the three-dimensional space. These requirements place high demands on the design and installation of these equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent three-dimensional cultivation system for edible fungi that is transformed from an idle tobacco flue-curing barn. The intelligent system established based on the flue-curing barn can realize automated loading and unloading, irrigation, fertilization, ventilation and other operations, reducing the number of manual operations, reducing labor intensity, and improving production efficiency. It is also conducive to achieving standardized and large-scale production.

[0009] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: an intelligent three-dimensional cultivation system for edible fungi that is transformed from an idle tobacco curing barn, including a cultivation main body based on the idle tobacco curing barn, and an auxiliary mechanism arranged based on the cultivation main body, characterized in that the auxiliary mechanism includes an automatic lifting device for a multi-layer planting rack, which is installed as a whole inside the tobacco curing barn, and includes a fixed bracket 1, a movable platform 2 and a lifting device.

[0010] The fixed bracket 1 is a double-layer rectangular frame, and its outer columns 1-1 and outer cross bars 1-2 are installed close to the inner wall of the tobacco curing room. In the relative inner positions, inner columns 1-3 and inner cross bars 1-4 of the same size are respectively arranged, and space is reserved between the two to accommodate and limit the movable platform 2; the top layer of the fixed bracket 1 is a single-layer structure, and two horizontal bars connecting the front and back are fixed in the middle position, and two vertical bars 1-5 connecting the upper and lower are also fixed at the front and rear ends.

[0011] The structure of the lifting device is as follows: a synchronous motor 1-6 is respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the two horizontal rods, and is installed on the plane formed by the two horizontal rods; and at the ends of the vertical rods 1-5 corresponding to the front and rear ends of the fixed bracket 1, there is respectively provided a rotating shaft 1-7 which is vertically connected to the vertical rod 1-5 on the same side and connects the two sides of the fixed bracket 1, and a passive gear 1-8 is installed on the rotating shaft 1-7, which is connected to the synchronous motor 1-6 on the corresponding side through a transmission chain and is driven by it; there are also three sets of lifting units coaxially arranged with the passive gear 1-8, which are respectively It is mounted on both ends and the middle part of the rotating shaft 1-7. Each lifting unit consists of a winch sleeve 1-9 and a bearing 1-10, which are adjacent and coaxially installed. Among them, the bearings 1-10 at both ends of the rotating shaft 1-7 are respectively installed on the upper end of the inner column 1-3 of the fixed bracket 1 through the bearing seat 1-11, and the winch sleeve 1-9 of the same unit is arranged above the reserved space between the outer column 1-1 and the inner column 1-3 on the corresponding side. A lifting rope 1-12 is fixed and wound on the winch sleeve 1-9, and the other end of the lifting rope 1-12 is connected to the movable platform 2.

[0012] The movable platform 2 includes several layers of structures, and the distance between the layers is adjustable; each layer includes several longitudinal support rods 2-1 that pass through the front and back of the fixed bracket 1, and a planting unit 2-2 arranged between two adjacent longitudinal support rods 2-1; the longitudinal support rods 2-1 on both sides are respectively clamped between the outer column 1-1 and the inner column 1-3, and the middle longitudinal support rod 2-1 is clamped between the two vertical rods 1-5, and the longitudinal support rods 2-1 can move up and down in the corresponding reserved space.

[0013] A traction hole 2-3 is provided at the position where each longitudinal support rod 2-1 is opposite to the winch sleeve 1-9. The traction hole 2-3 runs through the entire longitudinal support rod 2-1. The lifting rope 1-12 on the winch sleeve 1-9 passes through the traction holes 2-3 on the longitudinal support rods 2-1 corresponding to several layers of structures in turn. After limiting the distance between adjacent longitudinal support rods 2-1 in the vertical direction to a predetermined layer spacing, a locking positioning assembly 2-4 is installed on the lifting rope 1-12 corresponding to the lower edge position of the longitudinal support rod 2-1; the winch sleeve 1-9 lowers the lifting rope 1-12, and several layers of movable platforms 2 are stacked in sequence on the lower side of the fixed bracket 1; the synchronous motor 1-6 drives the winch sleeve 1-9 to rotate, and the lifting rope 1-12 is retracted upward. During the rising process, the locking positioning assembly 2-4 is combined under the action of gravity and rests on the bottom of the traction hole 2-3 on the longitudinal support rod 2-1, serving as a fulcrum for the lifting rope 1-12 to pull the longitudinal support rod 2-1 upward.

[0014] The planting unit 2-2 includes a sunken planting trough 2-5 placed between any two longitudinal support rods 2-1 of the movable platform 2 on the same level, and a soft cultivation mat 2-6 with dense water-permeable pores covering the surface of the sunken planting trough 2-5; wherein, the sunken planting trough 2-5 is composed of a rectangular metal pipe erected above a support rod horizontally arranged between two longitudinal support rods 2-1, and a baffle 2-7 erected on the longitudinal support rod 2-1; multiple rectangular metal pipes are neatly laid out to form a flat bottom of the trough, and gaps are left between adjacent rectangular metal pipes to ensure moisture penetration and air circulation; water-permeable and breathable holes are also regularly distributed on the surface of the baffle 2-7; on top of the soft cultivation mat 2-6, a matrix layer 2-8 for edible fungus cultivation is evenly laid.

[0015] In order to reduce the force intensity of the locking positioning assembly 2-4 on the lifting rope 1-12 when maintaining the working state after the movable platform 2 is raised, and to improve safety, a secondary positioning support assembly is set on the lower surface of each longitudinal support rod 2-1 adjacent to the traction hole 2-3, including a rotatable support leg 2-9. The height of the support leg 2-9 is equal to the distance between the layers of the movable platform 2, and a rotating pin 2-10 is set at the top thereof to connect with the upper longitudinal support rod 2-1.

[0016] In addition, the planting unit 2-2 is also provided with an automatic substrate loading and unloading device composed of a cultivation mat dragging mechanism installed at both ends, so as to realize the automatic loading and unloading of the substrate and the recycling of the planting mat by the planting unit 2-2; the dragging mechanism includes a winding roller 2-11, an unwinding roller 2-12 and a guide roller 2-13, which form a whole, wherein the winding roller 2-11 is installed on a height-adjustable movable frame, the unwinding roller 2-12 is installed at both ends of the planting unit 2-2, and the guide roller 2-13 is installed on the enclosure plates 2-7 on both sides.

[0017] The auxiliary mechanism also includes a temperature and humidity automatic adjustment control device.

[0018] The temperature and humidity automatic adjustment control device also uses an idle tobacco leaf curing barn as an installation carrier, and is provided with monitoring components on the top and side walls of the curing barn. The monitoring components include a fixedly installed temperature sensor 3-1 and a humidity sensor 3-2, which are used to collect real-time environmental temperature and humidity data in the curing barn and transmit them to the central control unit in the controller; an air source heat pump hot air blower 3-3 is connected to the upper part of the inner wall of the rear end of the curing barn. When the central control unit determines that the temperature in the curing barn is lower than a preset threshold based on the feedback data from the temperature sensor 3-1, the air source heat pump hot air blower 3-3 is triggered as a heating component to increase the temperature; Each layer of the fixed bracket 1 in the baking room is suspended with a humidifying component through a fixing mechanism. The humidifying component is supplied with water by a water pump linked by a central control unit. When the central control unit determines that the humidity in the baking room is lower than the preset threshold based on the feedback data of the humidity sensor 3-2, it controls the water pump to extract water and realizes automatic adjustment of the humidity in the baking room through the humidifying component; the central control unit integrates monitoring, heating, and humidifying functions and cooperates with the ventilation structure of the baking room. By receiving the environmental data transmitted by the temperature sensor 3-1 and the humidity sensor 3-2 in real time, and comparing it with the preset temperature and humidity thresholds, it generates a control instruction to trigger the operation of the heating component, the humidifying component and the ventilation structure, thereby realizing dynamic control of the temperature and humidity in the baking room. Dynamic closed-loop management; the temperature sensor 3-1 and the humidity sensor 3-2 are connected to the central control unit by wired or wireless means, the air source heat pump hot air blower 3-3 and the water pump are electrically connected to the central control unit, the humidification component includes an atomizing nozzle 3-4 to convert the water flow into micron-level water mist, and the ventilation structure includes an axial flow fan or shutters arranged in the curing room and is controlled to open and close by the central control unit according to the temperature and humidity adjustment requirements; this module utilizes the characteristics of good sealing and stable structure of idle tobacco curing rooms, and through multi-module collaboration and intelligent control of the central control unit, it can accurately ensure the temperature and humidity environment required for the growth of edible fungi while reducing human intervention, and can effectively increase the yield of edible fungi and optimize the quality.

[0019] The auxiliary mechanism also includes an airflow control module with a spoiler function.

[0020] An airflow control module with a spoiler function includes a ventilation component, a spoiler adjustment component, and an intelligent control module integrated into an idle tobacco curing barn; the ventilation component includes at least one small axial flow fan or centrifugal fan installed on the side wall of the idle tobacco curing barn to provide basic airflow power; the spoiler adjustment component includes a rotatable guide plate array 4-1, a curved air guide cover 4-2, and a honeycomb spoiler grille 4-3; the guide plate array 4-1 is connected to the fan outlet, and the angle of its blades is adjustable; the curved air guide cover 4-2 is connected to the fan via an air guide duct, and a spiral guide strip is provided on the inner wall of the curved air guide cover 4-2; the honeycomb spoiler grille 4-3 is installed below the outlet of the curved air guide cover 4-2, and its adjacent honeycomb holes are staggered to disrupt the laminar flow state of the airflow; The intelligent control module includes a wind speed sensor and a microcontroller, and shares data with the temperature sensor 3-1 and the humidity sensor 3-2 in the temperature and humidity automatic adjustment control device; the wind speed sensors are distributed above the front, middle and rear sections of each layer structure of the fixed bracket 1, and monitor the air flow velocity in each area of the idle tobacco curing room in real time and transmit it to the microcontroller. The microcontroller adjusts the deflection angle of the guide plate array 4-1 according to the preset air flow uniformity threshold, and links the fan frequency conversion device to adjust the fan speed. At the same time, it cooperates with the honeycomb spoiler grille and the curved air guide cover 4-2 to divide, turn and spirally disturb the airflow, so that the airflow in the idle tobacco curing room forms a multi-directional cross-turbulent flow field, eliminates ventilation dead corners, and evens out the distribution of airflow; compared with the traditional idle tobacco curing room ventilation system, this system solves the technical problems of uneven airflow distribution and low ventilation efficiency in idle tobacco curing rooms through the coordination of multi-dimensional spoiler structure and intelligent dynamic adjustment strategy, and has the significant advantages of compact structure, precise adjustment, low noise and energy saving.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: ① Efficiently utilize idle resources, revitalize flue-curing barn assets, and take advantage of the original closedness, thermal insulation and structural stability of tobacco flue-curing barns to convert idle spaces into edible fungus cultivation sites, avoiding waste of land and space; directly install equipment based on the existing structure of the flue-curing barn, reducing initial construction volume and saving infrastructure costs; it helps transform rural industries, provides a "flue-cured tobacco + edible fungus cultivation" rotation model, broadens income channels, and promotes rural industrial diversification.

[0022] ② This application adopts a multi-layer three-dimensional layout to achieve an upgrade of the three-dimensional cultivation structure, thereby improving space and production efficiency; a multi-layer planting rack layout is achieved through an automatic lifting device, and the planting volume per unit area is greatly increased compared to the traditional flat model; and because a secondary positioning support component is used to share the force of the lifting ropes 1-12, the system safety and service life are greatly improved.

[0023] ③ This application adopts intelligent precise environmental control, which can effectively ensure the yield and quality of edible fungi; specifically, it adopts multi-zone sensors for real-time monitoring, and links the heat pump, atomizing nozzles 3-4 and fans to achieve precise control of temperature and humidity in different growth stages. A honeycomb spoiler grille, a curved air guide cover 4-2 lamp structure and a fan are set in the ventilation system to cooperate with the fan to eliminate ventilation dead corners, improve the uniformity of airflow in each layer, increase oxygen content, shorten the growth cycle, and avoid long-term direct blowing that causes drying and water shortage of edible fungi in specific areas, which has an adverse effect on growth.

[0024] ④ This application combines the automatic lifting mechanism of the planting unit 2-2, and can realize the automation of loading and unloading of the planting matrix by setting corresponding guide rollers and external equipment, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the planting matrix, saving labor, and reducing manpower and management costs.

[0025] ⑤ This application improves the yield and quality of edible fungi by combining three-dimensional cultivation with planting environment control, with significant economic benefits, and effectively contributes to the industrial upgrading of edible fungi cultivation.

[0026] ⑥ The cultivation system described in this application achieves multiple goals of efficient utilization of idle resources, increased production efficiency, quality assurance and cost optimization through four major innovations: resource reuse, three-dimensional cultivation, intelligent regulation and control, and automated operation. It has both economic value, social value and ecological value, and provides a replicable technical paradigm for the revitalization of idle agricultural assets and the development of efficient agriculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a longitudinal view of the cultivation system.

[0028] Figure 2 is a lateral view of the cultivation system.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the automatic lifting device of the multi-layer planting rack.

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the .

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of B.

[0032] In the figure, there are fixed bracket 1, outer column 1-1, outer cross bar 1-2, inner column 1-3, inner cross bar 1-4, vertical rod 1-5, synchronous motor 1-6, rotating shaft 1-7, passive gear 1-8, winch sleeve 1-9, bearing 1-10, bearing seat 1-11, lifting rope 1-12, movable platform 2, longitudinal support rod 2-1, planting unit 2-2, traction hole 2-3, locking positioning assembly 2-4, soft cultivation mat 2-6, enclosure plate 2-7, matrix layer 2-8, support leg 2-9, rotating pin 2-10, winding roller 2-11, unwinding roller 2-12, guide roller 2-13, temperature sensor 3-1, humidity sensor 3-2, air source heat pump hot air blower 3-3, atomizing nozzle 3-4, guide plate array 4-1, curved air guide cover 4-2, honeycomb spoiler grille 4-3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0034] refer to Figure 1-5 This embodiment provides an intelligent three-dimensional edible fungus cultivation system that is transformed from an idle tobacco curing barn. Its structure is as follows: The overall architecture includes a cultivation body and auxiliary mechanisms, wherein: The main cultivation body is an idle tobacco curing room with a length × width × height of 8m × 4m × 4m. Its original closed walls, insulation layer and solid structure are used as the cultivation space; the auxiliary mechanisms include a three-layer planting rack automatic lifting device, an automatic temperature and humidity adjustment control device, an airflow control module with a turbulence function and a substrate automatic loading and unloading device.

[0035] The fixed bracket 1 in the automatic lifting device of the multi-layer planting rack adopts a double-layer rectangular steel frame, the outer column 1-1 and the cross bar are installed close to the inner wall of the baking room, and the inner column 1-3 and the cross bar are 10 cm apart to form a lifting space for the movable platform 2; two 6m horizontal bars and 3.0m high front and rear vertical bars 1-5 are set on the top of the fixed bracket 1, and 1.5kW synchronous motors 1-6 are installed at both ends of the horizontal bars; it also includes a lifting device, a 5cm diameter rotating shaft 1-7 is set at each end of the horizontal bar, and a passive gear 1-8 and three groups of lifting units are installed on the rotating shaft 1-7, each group of lifting units includes an independent winch sleeve 1-9 and a bearing 1-10, the winch sleeve 1-9 is wrapped with a steel lifting rope 1-12, and the rope end is connected to the movable platform 2.

[0036] The movable platform 2 described in this embodiment has three layers in total, and the layer spacing is initially set to 90cm, which can be adjusted by locking and positioning components 2-4; each layer of the platform includes a longitudinal support rod 2-1 and a planting unit 2-2, and the rod body of the longitudinal support rod 2-1 has a traction hole 2-3 for the lifting rope 1-12 to pass through; the lower surface of each support rod is provided with a rotatable support foot 2-9, the height of which is the same as the layer spacing, and the top of the support foot 2-9 is connected to the longitudinal support rod 2-1 of the upper layer through a rotating pin 2-10 to share the force of the lifting rope 1-12; the planting unit 2-2 consists of a planting trough and a soft cultivation mat 2-6, and a support rod is erected between the two longitudinal support rods 2-1, and a rectangular metal pipe is laid above the support rod to form the bottom of the trough, and the baffles 2-7 on both sides are fixed on the longitudinal support rod 2-1; then a soft cultivation mat 2-6 is laid on the bottom of the trough, covering the surface of the trough body, the mat body is densely covered with φ1mm water-permeable holes, and a 10cm thick edible fungus cultivation substrate is laid on the top.

[0037] Finally, an automatic substrate loading and unloading device is also provided. A winding roller 2-11, a reeling roller 2-12 and a guide roller 2-13 are provided at both ends of the planting unit 2-2. The motor drives the cultivation mat to roll and the substrate to be automatically laid / recovered.

[0038] The temperature and humidity automatic adjustment control device includes: a group of temperature and humidity sensors 3-2 are installed in the center of the top of the baking room and the middle of the two side walls to collect data in real time and transmit it to the central control unit; an air source heat pump hot air blower 3-3 is installed on the upper part of the inner wall at the rear of the baking room, which automatically starts when the temperature is lower than the preset threshold; an atomizing nozzle 3-4 is suspended under each layer of the planting rack through a fixed bracket 1 and connected to a water pump, which automatically sprays when the humidity is lower than the preset value.

[0039] The airflow control module with spoiler function includes: ① Two centrifugal fans with an air volume of 2000m³ / h are installed on the side walls of the baking room to provide basic airflow; ②The fan outlet is equipped with a rotatable guide plate with an angle adjustment range of 0-90°, which is driven by a motor to change the direction of the airflow; ③ A curved air guide cover 4-2 is provided at the end of the air guide pipe connected to the fan to guide the airflow to form a spiral disturbance; ④ Install a honeycomb grille with a hole diameter of 5 cm and adjacent holes offset by 2-3 cm below the hood outlet to destroy the laminar flow of the airflow.

[0040] In addition, a wind speed sensor is installed at the front, middle and back of each layer of planting rack to monitor the air flow speed in real time; through wireless connection or limited connection to the microcontroller, the guide plate angle and fan speed are adjusted according to the deviation value of the air flow uniformity to ensure uniform air flow speed on each layer.

[0041] The workflow of this embodiment is as follows: First, all the movable platforms 2 are lowered and stacked, and the cultivation mat is driven by the winding roller to realize automatic laying of the substrate and cultivation of the fungus; then the synchronous motor 1-6 drives the winch sleeve 1-9 to reel in the lifting rope 1-12, and the movable platform 2 is raised layer by layer, and the secondary positioning legs 2-9 automatically support the adjacent layers. After positioning, the locking components fix the layer spacing.

[0042] Automatic regulation is performed during the growth process, including real-time feedback from the temperature and humidity sensor 3-2, and the central control unit triggering the heat pump, atomizing nozzle 3-4, and fan to maintain the set environmental parameters; and the airflow control module coordinates through the guide plate, air guide cover and grille to eliminate the high temperature area on the top floor and the high humidity area on the bottom floor in the baking room.

[0043] Harvest in time, and then rely on the matrix automatic loading and unloading device to recycle the waste after harvesting.

[0044] The space utilization rate of this embodiment is 2-3 times higher than that of the traditional flat model, and the yield per unit area is increased by 15%; due to the use of idle drying rooms for renovation, the infrastructure cost is saved by more than 60% compared with new facilities, and the automated operation reduces the labor input by 70%, and the annual income is increased by 3-5 times compared with traditional planting; through the renovation of idle drying rooms, three-dimensional structure design and intelligent environmental control, efficient cultivation of edible fungi is achieved, providing a replicable technical solution for the utilization of idle agricultural assets.

Claims

1. An intelligent three-dimensional edible fungus cultivation system transformed from an idle tobacco leaf curing barn includes a cultivation body based on the idle tobacco leaf curing barn and an auxiliary mechanism arranged based on the cultivation body; characterized in that: The auxiliary mechanism includes a multi-layer planting rack automatic lifting device; The multi-layer planting rack automatic lifting device is integrally installed inside a tobacco curing room and comprises a fixed bracket (1), a movable platform (2) and a lifting device.

2. The intelligent three-dimensional edible fungus cultivation system transformed from an idle tobacco curing barn according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixed bracket (1) is a double-layer rectangular frame, and its outer columns (1-1) and outer cross bars (1-2) are installed close to the inner wall of the tobacco curing room. Inner columns (1-3) and inner cross bars (1-4) of the same size are respectively arranged at the relative inner positions, and space is reserved between the two. The top layer of the fixed bracket (1) is a single-layer structure, and two horizontal bars connecting the front and the back are respectively fixed in the middle position. In addition, two vertical bars (1-5) connecting the top and the bottom are also fixed at the front and the back end.

3. The intelligent three-dimensional edible fungus cultivation system transformed from an idle tobacco curing barn according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The movable platform (2) includes a plurality of layer structures, and the distance between the layers is adjustable; each layer includes a plurality of longitudinal support rods (2-1) that pass through the front and rear of the fixed bracket (1), and a planting unit (2-2) arranged between two adjacent longitudinal support rods (2-1); the longitudinal support rods (2-1) on both sides are respectively clamped between the outer column (1-1) and the inner column (1-3), and the middle longitudinal support rod (2-1) is clamped between the two vertical rods (1-5), and the longitudinal support rods (2-1) can move up and down within the corresponding reserved space; A traction hole (2-3) is provided at a position where each longitudinal support rod (2-1) is opposite to the hoisting sleeve (1-9). The traction hole (2-3) passes through the entire longitudinal support rod (2-1). The lifting rope (1-12) on the hoisting sleeve (1-9) sequentially passes through the traction holes (2-3) on the longitudinal support rods (2-1) corresponding to the plurality of layers of structures. After the distance between adjacent longitudinal support rods (2-1) in the vertical direction is limited to a predetermined layer spacing, the lifting rope (1-12) corresponding to the lower edge position of the longitudinal support rod (2-1) is installed. The locking and positioning components (2-4) are installed; the hoisting sleeve (1-9) lowers the lifting rope (1-12), and a plurality of layers of movable platforms (2) are stacked in sequence on the lower side of the fixed bracket (1); the synchronous motor (1-6) drives the hoisting sleeve (1-9) to rotate, and the lifting rope (1-12) is retracted upward. During the ascending process, the locking and positioning components (2-4) are assembled under the action of gravity and abut against the lower side of the traction hole (2-3) on the longitudinal support rod (2-1), serving as a fulcrum for the lifting rope (1-12) to pull the longitudinal support rod (2-1) upward.

4. The intelligent three-dimensional edible fungus cultivation system transformed from an idle tobacco curing barn according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The structure of the lifting device is as follows: a synchronous motor (1-6) is provided at each of the front and rear ends of the two horizontal rods, and is installed on the plane formed by the two horizontal rods; and a rotating shaft (1-7) is provided at each of the ends of the vertical rods (1-5) corresponding to the front and rear ends of the fixed bracket (1), which is vertically connected to the vertical rod (1-5) on the same side and connected to both sides of the fixed bracket (1); a passive gear (1-8) is installed on the rotating shaft (1-7), which is connected to the synchronous motor (1-6) on the corresponding side through a transmission chain and is driven by it; Three sets of lifting units are coaxially arranged with the passive gear (1-8), and are respectively mounted on the two ends and the middle part of the rotating shaft (1-7). Each lifting unit consists of a winch sleeve (1-9) and a bearing (1-10), which are adjacent and coaxially installed. Among them, the bearings (1-10) at both ends of the rotating shaft (1-7) are respectively installed on the upper end of the inner column (1-3) of the fixed bracket (1) through the bearing seat (1-11), and the winch sleeve (1-9) of the same unit is arranged above the reserved space of the outer column (1-1) and the inner column (1-3) on the corresponding side. A lifting rope (1-12) is fixed and wound on the winch sleeve (1-9), and the other end of the lifting rope (1-12) is connected to the movable platform (2).

5. The intelligent three-dimensional edible fungus cultivation system transformed from an idle tobacco curing barn according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The planting unit (2-2) comprises a sunken planting trough (2-5) arranged between any two longitudinal support rods (2-1) of the same level movable platform (2), and a soft cultivation mat (2-6) covered with densely permeable pores on the surface of the sunken planting trough (2-5); wherein the sunken planting trough (2-5) is composed of rectangular metal pipes mounted above the support rods horizontally arranged between the two longitudinal support rods (2-1), and a baffle (2-7) erected on the longitudinal support rods (2-1); multiple rectangular metal pipes are neatly laid out to form a flat bottom of the trough, and gaps are left between adjacent rectangular metal pipes to ensure water penetration and air circulation; the surface of the baffle (2-7) is also regularly distributed with permeable and breathable holes; and a substrate layer (2-8) for edible fungus cultivation is evenly laid on the soft cultivation mat (2-6).

6. The intelligent three-dimensional edible fungus cultivation system using an idle tobacco curing barn transformed according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A secondary positioning support assembly is provided on the lower surface of each longitudinal support rod (2-1) adjacent to the traction hole (2-3), comprising a rotatable support leg (2-9). The height of the support leg (2-9) is equal to the distance between the layers of the movable platform (2), and a rotation pin (2-10) is provided at the top end thereof to connect with the longitudinal support rod (2-1) above.

7. The intelligent three-dimensional edible fungus cultivation system transformed from an idle tobacco curing barn according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: The planting unit (2-2) is also provided with an automatic substrate loading and unloading device consisting of a cultivation mat dragging mechanism installed at both ends; the dragging mechanism includes a winding roller (2-11), an unwinding roller (2-12) and a guide roller (2-13), and the three form an integral body, wherein the winding roller (2-11) is installed on a height-adjustable movable frame, the unwinding roller (2-12) is installed at both ends of the planting unit (2-2), and the guide roller (2-13) is installed on the enclosure plates (2-7) on both sides.

8. The intelligent three-dimensional edible fungus cultivation system transformed from an idle tobacco curing barn according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The auxiliary mechanism also includes a temperature and humidity automatic adjustment control device; The temperature and humidity automatic adjustment control device also uses an idle tobacco leaf curing barn as an installation carrier, and is provided with monitoring components on the top and side walls of the curing barn. The monitoring components include a fixedly installed temperature sensor (3-1) and a humidity sensor (3-2), which are used to collect temperature and humidity data of the curing barn environment in real time and transmit the data to a central control unit in the controller; an air source heat pump hot air blower (3-3) is connected to the upper part of the inner wall at the rear end of the curing barn. When the central control unit determines that the temperature in the curing barn is lower than a preset threshold based on feedback data from the temperature sensor (3-1), the air source heat pump hot air blower (3-3) is triggered as a heating component to increase the temperature; Each layer of the fixed support (1) in the baking room is hung with a humidifying component through a fixing mechanism. The humidifying component is supplied with water by a water pump linked to a central control unit. When the central control unit determines that the humidity in the baking room is lower than a preset threshold value based on feedback data from the humidity sensor (3-2), the water pump is controlled to extract water and the humidity in the baking room is automatically adjusted through the humidifying component. The central control unit integrates monitoring, heating, and humidifying functions and cooperates with the ventilation structure of the baking room. By receiving environmental data transmitted by the temperature sensor (3-1) and the humidity sensor (3-2) in real time, the environmental data is compared with the preset temperature and humidity threshold values. After the comparison, a control instruction is generated to trigger the operation of the heating component, the humidifying component and the ventilation structure, thereby realizing dynamic closed-loop management of the temperature and humidity in the baking room; wherein the temperature sensor (3-1) and the humidity sensor (3-2) are connected to the central control unit via wired or wireless means, the air source heat pump hot air blower (3-3) and the water pump are both electrically connected to the central control unit, the humidifying component includes an atomizing nozzle (3-4) to convert the water flow into micron-level water mist, and the ventilation structure includes an axial flow fan or a shutter arranged in the baking room and is controlled to be opened and closed by the central control unit according to the temperature and humidity adjustment requirements.

9. The intelligent three-dimensional edible fungus cultivation system transformed from an idle tobacco curing barn according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The auxiliary mechanism also includes an airflow control module with a spoiler function; An airflow control module with a spoiler function comprises a ventilation component, a spoiler adjustment component and an intelligent control module integrated in an idle tobacco leaf curing barn; the ventilation component comprises at least one small axial flow fan or centrifugal fan, which is installed on the side wall of the idle tobacco leaf curing barn and is used to provide basic airflow power; the spoiler adjustment component comprises a rotatable guide plate array (4-1), a curved air guide cover (4-2) and a honeycomb spoiler grille (4-3); the guide plate array (4-1) is connected to the air outlet of the fan, and the angle of its blades is adjustable; the curved air guide cover (4-2) is connected to the fan via an air guide duct, and a spiral guide strip is provided on the inner wall of the curved air guide cover (4-2); the honeycomb spoiler grille (4-3) is mounted below the outlet of the curved air guide cover (4-2), and its adjacent honeycomb holes are staggered to destroy the laminar state of the airflow; The intelligent control module includes a wind speed sensor and a microcontroller, and shares data with a temperature sensor (3-1) and a humidity sensor (3-2) in the temperature and humidity automatic adjustment control device; the wind speed sensors are distributed above the front, middle and rear sections of each layer structure of the fixed bracket (1), and monitor the air flow speed in each area of the idle tobacco leaf curing room in real time and transmit the data to the microcontroller. The microcontroller adjusts the deflection angle of the guide plate array (4-1) according to a preset air flow uniformity threshold, and links the fan frequency conversion device to adjust the fan speed, and at the same time cooperates with the honeycomb spoiler grille and the curved air guide cover (4-2) to divide, turn and spirally disturb the air flow.

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