A plant growth status observation device and method based on multi-source data fusion

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of plant monitoring technology, and more particularly to a multi-source data fusion plant growth status observation device and method. The device comprises a protective shell, a transparent sliding door provided on the front side of the protective shell, a multi-layer bracket provided inside the protective shell, the multi-layer bracket being divided into a water storage layer, a cultivation layer, a plant expansion layer 1, and a plant expansion layer 2 by a grid plate. The cultivation layer is provided with an incubation box and a control box. Several circulating fans 1 are provided on the inner wall of the protective shell on one side of the incubation box. A plant physiological observation component and an environmental sensor component are provided on the side of the plant expansion layer 1 located above the incubation box. A nutrient solution replenishment bottle group is provided on the rear side wall of the plant expansion layer 1 located above the control box. An LED plant growth light is provided on the top of the plant expansion layer 2, and several circulating fans 2 are provided on one side of the LED plant growth light. The present invention solves the problem of the existing plant growth observation device having a single data collection function and being unable to achieve multi-source data fusion analysis and precise control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plant monitoring, and in particular to a device and method for observing plant growth conditions by fusion of multi-source data. Background Art

[0002] In plant growth research and agricultural production practice, accurate observation of plant growth conditions is crucial for optimizing planting conditions and improving crop yield and quality. Existing plant growth observation devices often have problems with single functions and limited data collection dimensions, making it difficult to fully reflect the complex conditions of plant growth. For example, some devices can only monitor simple parameters such as ambient temperature and humidity, and cannot effectively observe the physiological characteristics of plants; while other devices with physiological observation functions lack the fusion analysis of environmental data and physiological data, resulting in an inability to accurately judge the impact of environmental factors on plant growth. In addition, existing observation devices also have deficiencies in nutrient solution management, root growth environment control, etc., making it difficult to achieve precise regulation of plant growth. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a plant growth condition observation device that can integrate multi-source data and achieve comprehensive observation and precise regulation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a plant growth status observation device and method with multi-source data fusion, so as to solve the problem that the plant growth observation device in the prior art has single data collection and cannot realize multi-source data fusion analysis and precise control.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a plant growth status observation device with multi-source data fusion, comprising a protective shell, a transparent sliding door being provided on the front side of the protective shell, a multi-layer bracket being provided inside the protective shell, the multi-layer bracket being divided into a water storage layer, a cultivation layer, a plant expansion layer 1 and a plant expansion layer 2 by a grid plate, a cultivation box and a control box being provided in the cultivation layer, a plurality of circulating fans 1 being provided on the inner wall of the protective shell on one side of the cultivation box, a plant physiological observation component and an environmental sensor component being provided on the side of the plant expansion layer 1 located above the cultivation box, a nutrient solution replenishment bottle group being provided on the rear side wall of the plant expansion layer 1 located above the control box, an LED plant growth lamp being provided on the top of the plant expansion layer 2, and a plurality of circulating fans 2 being provided on one side of the LED plant growth lamp.

[0005] Preferably, a water storage tank is provided in the water storage layer, and the water storage tank is connected to the cultivation box through a clean water pump and a water pipe.

[0006] Preferably, the incubator includes a liquid storage chamber and a cover connected to the top of the liquid storage chamber, a through hole for installing a planting basket is provided in the middle of the cover, a liquid level sensor is provided on the inner wall of the liquid storage chamber, and an EC sensor and a pH sensor extending into the liquid storage chamber are provided on the rear side of the cover.

[0007] Preferably, a slide groove is provided on the side wall of the liquid storage chamber, a liquid baffle is provided on the lower side of the liquid storage chamber, and sliders are provided at both ends of the liquid baffle, the sliders are inserted in the slide groove and slidably connected to the slide groove, the upper side of the liquid baffle is connected to one end of the inverted U-shaped connecting rod, and the other end of the inverted U-shaped connecting rod is connected to the lifting transmission mechanism outside the liquid storage chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the lifting transmission mechanism includes a fixed seat, a limit plate, a slide rod 1, a slide rod 2 and a push shaft. The fixed seat is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the liquid storage chamber, a horizontal through cavity is provided in the middle of the fixed seat, slide rod 1 is slidably connected in the horizontal through cavity, one end of slide rod 1 is connected to the electric push rod through the push shaft, the front side of slide rod 1 is provided with an inclined limit groove 1, the limit plate is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed seat, a vertical through cavity is provided in the middle of the limit plate, slide rod 2 is slidably connected in the vertical through cavity, the top of slide rod 2 is connected to the connecting rod, and the bottom rear side of slide rod 2 is slidably connected to limit groove 1 through an inclined limit block.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting sliding groove 1 includes an inclined portion 1 and an inclined portion 2, the inclined portion 1 is located at the starting end and has an inclination angle smaller than that of the inclined portion 2, and the length of the inclined portion 1 is longer than that of the inclined portion 2.

[0010] Preferably, a horizontally arranged limit groove 2 is provided on the rear side of the slide rod 1, a limit nail 1 is provided on the rear inner wall of the horizontal through cavity, the limit nail 1 is inserted into the limit groove 2 and is slidably connected to the limit groove 2, a limit groove 3 is provided on the front side of the slide rod 2, a limit nail 2 is provided on the front inner wall of the vertical through cavity, the limit nail 2 is inserted into the limit groove 3 and is slidably connected to the limit groove 3.

[0011] Preferably, the plant physiological observation component includes a digital camera, a multispectral camera and a thermal infrared camera, the environmental sensor component includes an air temperature and humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, and a light intensity sensor is also provided on one side below the LED plant growth lamp in the plant expansion layer 2.

[0012] Preferably, the nutrient solution supplement bottle group is connected to the incubator via a nutrient solution supplement pump and a nutrient solution supplement tube.

[0013] A method for using the above-mentioned multi-source data fusion plant growth status observation device includes the following steps:

[0014] S1. Use a clean water pump and a water pipe to transfer water from the water tank to the liquid storage chamber of the incubator. Prepare a mother solution according to the formula based on the plant type. Pour the mother solution into the nutrient solution replenishment bottle set of the plant expansion layer one. Set the initial nutrient solution parameters through the control box. Start the nutrient solution replenishment pump to inject the mother solution into the liquid storage chamber of the incubator according to the proportion.

[0015] S2. Place the grown plants in a planting basket, secure the roots with ceramsite or sponge, and place them in the liquid storage tank through the through-holes in the cover. Adjust the height of the liquid baffle to control the depth of the root immersion in the nutrient solution.

[0016] S3, connecting the control box to the remote server or cloud platform via wireless communication technology, setting the monitoring frequency of the environmental sensor component via the remote server or cloud platform, and starting the plant physiological observation component;

[0017] S4. The data collected by the environmental sensor component and the plant physiological observation component are transmitted to the built-in data fusion module of the control box, and feature-level fusion is performed to form a comprehensive feature vector. The decision-level fusion is performed using a decision tree or neural network algorithm;

[0018] S5. The user views the data in the device through a remote server or cloud platform. The remote server or cloud platform has a built-in plant growth model that automatically recommends optimal environmental parameters based on the input crop type and growth stage, and pushes notifications when data is abnormal, prompting the user to intervene.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] (1) The present invention realizes multi-dimensional data collection of plant physiological characteristics and growth environment parameters through plant physiological observation components (digital camera, multispectral camera, thermal infrared camera) and environmental sensor components (air temperature and humidity sensor, carbon dioxide concentration sensor, light intensity sensor, etc.), and performs feature-level and decision-level fusion analysis through the data fusion module, which can more comprehensively and accurately reflect the plant growth status and provide more reliable data support for plant growth research and agricultural production.

[0021] (2) The present invention utilizes a nutrient solution supplement bottle assembly, an EC sensor, a pH sensor, and other components to monitor and adjust nutrient solution parameters in real time. The height of the liquid baffle is adjusted through a lifting mechanism to control the depth of root immersion in the nutrient solution. Furthermore, the LED plant growth lamp and light intensity sensor are used to adjust the light intensity required for plant growth. This allows for precise control of the plant growth environment, meeting the needs of different plants at different growth stages and contributing to improved crop yield and quality.

[0022] (3) The control box in the present invention is connected to a remote server or cloud platform through wireless communication technology. Users can view various data remotely. The system has a built-in plant growth model that can automatically recommend optimal environmental parameters and push notifications when data is abnormal, thus realizing intelligent management of plant growth observation, improving management efficiency and reducing labor costs.

[0023] (4) The present invention adopts a layered design, with clear division of labor in each functional area and a reasonable layout, which is convenient for operation and maintenance; the setting of a transparent sliding door makes it easy to observe the internal situation of the device; the setting of a circulating fan can promote the circulation of air and nutrient solution, providing a good environment for plant growth.

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a plant growth status observation device with multi-source data fusion according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-layer stent of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the incubator of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the incubator of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a rear view of the lifting transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lifting transmission mechanism of the present invention (the electric push rod is not shown);

[0031] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connection between the first slide bar and the second slide bar of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the second slide bar of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 1 is a schematic diagram of a slide bar 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the nutrient solution supplement bottle set of the present invention.

[0035] Reference numerals:

[0036] 1. Protective shell; 2. Transparent sliding door; 3. Multi-layer bracket; 4. Water storage layer; 41. Water tank;

[0037] 5. Cultivation layer; 51. Cultivation box;

[0038] 511, liquid storage chamber; 512, cover plate; 513, planting basket; 514, liquid level sensor; 515, EC sensor; 516, pH sensor; 517, chute; 518, liquid baffle; 519, connecting rod;

[0039] 52. Control box; 53. Circulation fan 1;

[0040] 54. Lifting transmission mechanism; 541. Fixed seat; 5411. Horizontal through-hole; 5412. Limiting pin 1; 542. Limiting plate; 5421. Vertical through-hole; 5422. Limiting pin 2; 543. Sliding rod 1; 5431. Limiting slot 1; 54311. Inclined portion 1; 54312. Inclined portion 2; 5432. Limiting slot 2; 544. Sliding rod 2; 5441. Limiting block; 5442. Limiting slot 3; 545. Push shaft; 546. Electric push rod;

[0041] 6. Plant expansion layer 1; 61. Nutrient solution replenishment bottle set; 612. Nutrient solution replenishment pump; 613. Nutrient solution replenishment tube; 62. Plant physiological observation component; 621. Digital camera; 622. Multispectral camera; 623. Thermal infrared camera; 63. Environmental sensor component; 631. Air temperature and humidity sensor; 632. Carbon dioxide concentration sensor;

[0042] 7. Plant expansion layer 2; 71. LED plant growth light; 72. Circulation fan 2; 73. Light intensity sensor;

[0043] 8. Grid board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the same meanings as those commonly understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. The above-mentioned features or features described in the specific examples of the present invention may be combined in any manner. These specific examples are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the present invention provides a plant growth status observation device with multi-source data fusion, including a protective shell 1. A transparent sliding door 2 is provided on the front side of the protective shell 1 to facilitate observation of the internal situation of the device and operation. A multi-layer bracket 3 is provided inside the protective shell 1. The multi-layer bracket 3 is divided into a water storage layer 4, a cultivation layer 5, a plant expansion layer 1 6 and a plant expansion layer 2 7 by a grid plate 8. The grid plate 8 is used for layering to make the internal structure of the device clear and the division of labor of each functional area clear. In addition, the hollow structure of the grid plate 8 ensures air circulation between the layers and promotes the respiration of the plant roots. At the same time, the grid plate 8 provides a support point for the plants to climb and attach, assists the three-dimensional growth of the plants, and facilitates observers to observe the growth status of the plant roots and plants from different angles.

[0047] The incubation layer 5 houses an incubation box 51 and a control box 52. The control box 52 houses a conventional control system and data fusion module. It connects to a remote server or cloud platform via wireless communication, facilitating control of the entire device. Several circulating fans 53 are installed on the inner wall of the protective shell 1, located to one side of the incubation box 51. These fans 53 promote air circulation within the incubation layer 5, providing a favorable environment for plant growth.

[0048] The plant expansion layer 1 6 is located above the cultivation box 51 and is provided with a plant physiological observation component 62 and an environmental sensor component 63 on one side.

[0049] The plant physiological observation component 62 includes a digital camera 621, a multispectral camera 622, and a thermal infrared camera 623. By capturing visible light, multispectral, and thermal infrared images of plants, the system uses color, morphology, and other visual information to determine the plant's growth status, pest damage, and external morphological changes. By capturing plant reflectance information in multiple specific spectral bands, it analyzes physiological parameters such as chlorophyll content, vegetation index, and water status, thereby assessing plant health and growth potential. Thermal infrared images monitor the temperature distribution on the plant surface and analyze physiological processes such as transpiration and water stress, helping to promptly detect water shortages or other physiological abnormalities.

[0050] The environmental sensor assembly 63 includes an air temperature and humidity sensor 631 and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor 632, which can monitor the environmental parameters in the device in real time.

[0051] A nutrient solution replenishment bottle group 61 is provided on the rear side wall of the plant expansion layer 1 6 located above the control box 52. The nutrient solution replenishment bottle group 61 can replenish nutrient solution in time according to the growth needs of the plants through a nutrient solution replenishment pump 612 and a nutrient solution replenishment pipe 613 (the nutrient solution replenishment pump 612, the nutrient solution replenishment pipe 613 and the connection method thereof connected to the incubator 51 are all existing technologies).

[0052] An LED grow light 71 is installed on top of the second plant expansion layer 7 to provide light for plant growth. Several circulating fans 72 are installed on one side of the LED grow light 71 to promote air circulation within the second plant expansion layer 7. A light intensity sensor 73 is also installed on the side of the second plant expansion layer 7 below the LED grow light 71 to monitor the light intensity of the plants in real time and adjust the LED grow light 71 accordingly.

[0053] A water tank 41 is provided in the water storage layer 4 , and the water tank 41 is connected to the cultivation box 51 through a clean water pump and a water pipe (the clean water pump, the water pipe and their connection methods are all existing technologies) to provide water for the cultivation box 51 .

[0054] The incubator 51 comprises a liquid storage chamber 511 and a cover 512 connected to the top of the chamber. A through-hole is located in the center of the cover 512, accommodating a planting basket 513 for easy plant placement. A liquid level sensor 514 is located on the inner wall of the chamber 511, monitoring the liquid level in real time. An EC sensor 515 and a pH sensor 516 are located on the rear side of the cover 512, extending into the chamber 511. These sensors monitor the conductivity and pH of the nutrient solution, enabling timely adjustment of its parameters.

[0055] A slide groove 517 is provided on the side wall of the liquid storage chamber 511, and a liquid baffle 518 is provided on the lower side of the liquid storage chamber 511. Sliders are provided at both ends of the liquid baffle 518, which are inserted into the slide groove 517 and slidably connected to the slide groove 517. The upper side of the liquid baffle 518 is connected to one end of an inverted U-shaped connecting rod 519, and the other end of the inverted U-shaped connecting rod 519 is connected to the lifting transmission mechanism 54 outside the liquid storage chamber 511. A sliding hole for accommodating the connecting rod 519 is provided on the cover plate 512.

[0056] The height of the liquid baffle 518 can be adjusted via the lifting transmission mechanism 54, thereby controlling the depth of the root system immersed in the culture solution. The culture solution storage volume in the liquid storage chamber 511 can be adjusted according to the root length of the plant at different growth stages. This not only meets the root environment requirements of different plants at different growth stages, but also effectively avoids culture solution waste and achieves efficient resource utilization. Two inverted U-shaped connecting rods 519 are provided in parallel, and the lifting transmission mechanism 54 connected to them also has two corresponding sets, which improves the stability of the lifting and lowering of the liquid baffle 518.

[0057] The lifting transmission mechanism 54 includes a fixed seat 541, a limit plate 542, a slide bar 1 543, a slide bar 2 544 and a push shaft 545. The fixed seat 541 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the liquid storage chamber 511. A horizontal through cavity 5411 is provided in the middle of the fixed seat 541. The slide bar 1 543 is slidably connected in the horizontal through cavity 5411. One end of the slide bar 1 543 is connected to the electric push rod 546 through the push shaft 545. The front side of the slide bar 1 543 is provided with an inclined limit groove 1 5431. The limit plate 542 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed seat 541. A vertical through cavity 5421 is provided in the middle of the limit plate 542. The slide bar 2 544 is slidably connected in the vertical through cavity 5421. The top of the slide bar 2 544 is connected to the connecting rod 519. The bottom rear side of the slide bar 2 544 is slidably connected to the limit groove 1 5431 through an inclined limit block 5441.

[0058] The electric push rod 546, via the push shaft 545, propels the first slide bar 543 to perform linear reciprocating motion within the transverse cavity 5411. Because the first limit slot 5431 of the first slide bar 543 is angled with the limit block 5441 at the bottom of the second slide bar 544, when the first slide bar 543 moves laterally, the limit block 5441 slides along the inclined surface of the first limit slot 5431, converting the lateral motion of the first slide bar 543 into the vertical movement of the second slide bar 544 within the vertical cavity 5421. The connecting rod 519 connected to the top of the second slide bar 544 then rises and falls synchronously, driving the liquid baffle 518 connected to the connecting rod 519 to achieve height adjustment.

[0059] Limiting chute 517- includes inclined portion 1 54311 and inclined portion 2 54312. Inclined portion 1 54311 is located at the beginning and has a smaller inclination angle than inclined portion 2 54312. Inclined portion 1 54311 is longer than inclined portion 2 54312. During the early stages of plant growth, root growth is slow. When slide bar 1 543 is pushed, slide bar 2 544 slowly moves downward along inclined portion 1 54311, causing liquid baffle 518 to lower slightly, maintaining a low liquid level and providing a moderately moist environment for the roots. As the plant grows, the roots absorb more nutrients and grow faster. Slider 2 544 enters the second inclined portion 54312. Because this area is inclined at a larger angle, slider 2 544 moves downward rapidly, causing liquid baffle 518 to significantly lower its height, increasing the supply of nutrient solution to meet the needs of the plant during its rapid growth phase. Before the plant matures, liquid baffle 518 is completely lowered to the bottom, allowing the nutrient solution to reach its highest level, providing sufficient nutrient support for the plant's mature stages, such as flowering and fruiting. This makes the raising and lowering of slider 2 544 more stable and precise, allowing precise control of the position of liquid baffle 518 at different stages of plant growth, achieving refined management of the plant's growth environment.

[0060] A horizontally arranged second limiting groove 5432 is provided on the rear side of the first slide bar 543. A first limiting pin 5412 is provided on the rear inner wall of the transverse through cavity 5411. The first limiting pin 5412 is inserted into and slidably connected to the second limiting groove 5432. A third limiting groove 5442 is provided on the front side of the second slide bar 544. A second limiting pin 5422 is provided on the front inner wall of the vertical through cavity 5421. The second limiting pin 5422 is inserted into and slidably connected to the third limiting groove 5442. The cooperation between the first limiting pin 5412 and the second limiting groove 5432, and between the second limiting pin 5422 and the third limiting groove 5442, improves the stability and accuracy of the lifting transmission mechanism 54.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] The present invention also provides a method for using the plant growth status observation device of the multi-source data fusion of embodiment 1, taking the planting of a certain type of vegetables as an example, comprising the following steps:

[0063] S1. The water in the water storage tank 41 is transported to the liquid storage chamber 511 of the cultivation box 51 through a clean water pump and a water pipe. According to the planting requirements of the vegetable type, a mother liquid is prepared according to a formula and poured into the nutrient solution replenishment bottle group 61 of the plant expansion layer 1 6. The initial nutrient solution parameters (EC value, pH value) are set through the control box 52. The nutrient solution replenishment pump 612 is started to inject the mother liquid into the liquid storage chamber 511 of the cultivation box 51 in proportion, so that the culture solution in the liquid storage chamber 511 reaches a suitable initial state.

[0064] S2. Place the seedling-raised vegetable plants in the planting basket 513, secure the roots with ceramsite or sponge to ensure the root system is stable, and then place them through the through-holes in the cover plate 512 into the liquid storage tank. Activate the electric push rod 546 of the lifting transmission mechanism 54. The electric push rod 546 drives the first slide bar 543 to slide in the horizontal through cavity 5411 via the push shaft 545. The limiting groove 1 5431 on the front side of the first slide bar 543 interacts with the limiting block 5441 at the bottom of the second slide bar 544, causing the second slide bar 544 to slide up and down in the vertical through cavity 5421, thereby driving the inverted U-shaped connecting rod 519 and the liquid baffle 518 to move. The height of the liquid baffle 518 is adjusted to control the depth of the root system immersed in the nutrient solution, generally controlled to about 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the root length to meet the growth needs of the vegetable seedlings.

[0065] S3. Connect the control box 52 to the remote server via wireless communication technology. In the management interface of the remote server, set the monitoring frequency of the environmental sensor component 63 to once every 10 minutes, start the plant physiological observation component 62, and start the digital camera 621, multispectral camera 622 and thermal infrared camera 623 to start working, and regularly photograph and observe the plants.

[0066] S4: Data such as air temperature and humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, and light intensity collected by the environmental sensor assembly 63, as well as plant images, spectral information, and thermal infrared information collected by the plant physiological observation assembly 62, are transmitted in real time to the data fusion module within the control box 52. The data fusion module first performs feature-level fusion, extracting and integrating features from various data types to form a comprehensive feature vector. A decision tree algorithm is then used for decision-level fusion to analyze and determine plant growth conditions, such as whether the plants are suffering from water or fertilizer shortages or pests and diseases.

[0067] S5. Users can access various data stored within the device through the remote server's client interface, including real-time environmental parameters, plant physiological characteristics, and data fusion analysis results. The remote server's system has a built-in growth model for the specific vegetable. Based on the user's input of crop type and growth stage (e.g., seedling stage, growing season, flowering and fruiting period), it automatically recommends optimal environmental parameters, such as suitable temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, and light intensity. If any abnormalities are detected in the monitored data, such as the EC value of the nutrient solution being outside the normal range or the temperature being too high or too low, the remote server will send a push notification to the user, prompting them to intervene.

[0068] According to the prompts, the user can adjust the relevant parameters of the device through remote control or on-site operation, such as adding nutrient solution, adjusting the light intensity of the LED plant growth lamp 71, starting the circulation fan, etc., to ensure the normal growth of the plants.

[0069] At different stages of plant growth, such as transitioning from seedling to growing season, users can update crop growth stage information on the remote server. The system will automatically adjust the recommended optimal environmental parameters and the height of the liquid baffle 518 accordingly to accommodate the changing nutrient solution depth requirements of plant root growth. This multi-source data fusion observation and intelligent control and management can effectively improve the growth quality and yield of these vegetables.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant growth status observation device using multi-source data fusion, characterized by: The protective shell includes a protective shell, a transparent sliding door is provided on the front side of the protective shell, a multi-layer bracket is provided inside the protective shell, and the multi-layer bracket is divided into a water storage layer, a cultivation layer, a plant expansion layer 1 and a plant expansion layer 2 by a grid plate. The cultivation layer is provided with a cultivation box and a control box. Several circulating fans 1 are provided on the inner wall of the protective shell on one side of the cultivation box. A plant physiological observation component and an environmental sensor component are provided on the side of the plant expansion layer 1 located above the cultivation box. A nutrient solution replenishment bottle group is provided on the rear side wall of the plant expansion layer 1 located above the control box. An LED plant growth light is provided on the top of the plant expansion layer 2, and several circulating fans 2 are provided on one side of the LED plant growth light. The incubator includes a liquid storage chamber and a cover plate connected to the top of the liquid storage chamber. A through hole for installing a planting basket is provided in the middle of the cover plate. A liquid level sensor is provided on the inner wall of the liquid storage chamber. An EC sensor and a pH sensor are provided on the rear side of the cover plate, extending into the liquid storage chamber. A chute is provided on the side wall of the liquid storage chamber, a liquid baffle is provided on the lower side of the liquid storage chamber, sliders are provided at both ends of the liquid baffle, the sliders are inserted into the chute and slidably connected to the chute, the upper side of the liquid baffle is connected to one end of an inverted U-shaped connecting rod, and the other end of the inverted U-shaped connecting rod is connected to a lifting transmission mechanism outside the liquid storage chamber; The lifting transmission mechanism includes a fixed seat, a limit plate, a slide bar 1, a slide bar 2 and a push shaft. The fixed seat is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the liquid storage chamber, a horizontal through cavity is provided in the middle of the fixed seat, the slide bar 1 is slidably connected in the horizontal through cavity, one end of the slide bar 1 is connected to the electric push rod through the push shaft, the front side of the slide bar 1 is provided with an inclined limit groove 1, the limit plate is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed seat, the middle of the limit plate is provided with a vertical through cavity, the slide bar 2 is slidably connected in the vertical through cavity, the top of the slide bar 2 is connected to the connecting rod, and the bottom rear side of the slide bar 2 is slidably connected to the limit groove 1 through an inclined limit block; The limiting groove 1 includes an inclined portion 1 and an inclined portion 2. The inclined portion 1 is located at the starting end and has an inclination angle smaller than that of the inclined portion 2. The inclined portion 1 is longer than the inclined portion 2.

2. The plant growth status observation device using multi-source data fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water storage tank is provided in the water storage layer, and the water storage tank is connected with the cultivation box through a clean water pump and a water pipe.

3. The plant growth status observation device using multi-source data fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontally arranged limit groove 2 is provided on the rear side of the slide rod 1, and a limit nail 1 is provided on the rear inner wall of the horizontal through cavity. The limit nail 1 is inserted into the limit groove 2 and is slidably connected to the limit groove 2. A limit groove 3 is provided on the front side of the slide rod 2, and a limit nail 2 is provided on the front inner wall of the vertical through cavity. The limit nail 2 is inserted into the limit groove 3 and is slidably connected to the limit groove 3.

4. The plant growth status observation device using multi-source data fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant physiological observation components include a digital camera, a multispectral camera and a thermal infrared camera. The environmental sensor components include an air temperature and humidity sensor and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor. A light intensity sensor is also provided on the side below the LED plant growth light in the second plant expansion layer.

5. The plant growth status observation device using multi-source data fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient solution supplement bottle group is connected to the incubator through a nutrient solution supplement pump and a nutrient solution supplement tube.

6. A method for using the plant growth status observation device using multi-source data fusion according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Use a clean water pump and a water pipe to transfer water from the water tank to the liquid storage chamber of the incubator. Prepare a mother solution according to the formula based on the plant type. Pour the mother solution into the nutrient solution replenishment bottle set of the plant expansion layer one. Set the initial nutrient solution parameters through the control box. Start the nutrient solution replenishment pump to inject the mother solution into the liquid storage chamber of the incubator according to the proportion. S2. Place the grown plants in a planting basket, secure the roots with ceramsite or sponge, and place them in the liquid storage tank through the through-holes in the cover. Adjust the height of the liquid baffle to control the depth of the root immersion in the nutrient solution. S3, connecting the control box to the remote server or cloud platform via wireless communication technology, setting the monitoring frequency of the environmental sensor component via the remote server or cloud platform, and starting the plant physiological observation component; S4. The data collected by the environmental sensor component and the plant physiological observation component are transmitted to the built-in data fusion module of the control box, and feature-level fusion is performed to form a comprehensive feature vector. The decision-level fusion is performed using a decision tree or neural network algorithm; S5. The user views the data in the device through a remote server or cloud platform. The remote server or cloud platform has a built-in plant growth model that automatically recommends optimal environmental parameters based on the input crop type and growth stage, and pushes notifications when data is abnormal, prompting the user to intervene.

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