Numerical control machine tool with Y-axis interpolation function

Abstract

The numerical control machine tool with the Y-axis interpolation function comprises a machine tool body, a main shaft box, a tailstock assembly, a Z-axis linear module, a Y-axis interpolation mechanism, an X-axis linear module and a power tool turret, the main shaft box and the tailstock assembly are correspondingly arranged on the two sides of the top face of the machine tool body, the tailstock assembly can slide relative to the main shaft box, a workpiece clamping area is formed between the main shaft box and the tailstock assembly, and the Z-axis linear module and the Y-axis interpolation mechanism are arranged on the power tool turret. A Z-axis linear module is arranged on the top face of the lathe bed along the workpiece clamping area, the direction of the Z-axis linear module is parallel to the axis of the spindle box, a Y-axis interpolation mechanism is connected to the Z-axis linear module, the moving direction of the Y-axis interpolation mechanism is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle box, the top of the Y-axis interpolation mechanism is an inclined face, and an X-axis linear module is arranged on the inclined face. The power tool turret is connected to the X-axis linear module, and the X-axis linear module drives the power tool turret to obliquely and downwards stretch out and draw back along the X axis. The machine tool is provided with a Y-axis interpolation function, so that a cutter can move along the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis, and multi-axis linkage machining is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing lathes, and in particular relates to a numerically controlled machine tool with an interpolation Y-axis function. Background Art

[0002] As an important tool in the machining industry, the precision and efficiency of the lathe directly affect the quality and efficiency of the entire machining process. The axis of the lathe is one of the core components of the lathe, which controls the movement of the turning tool. The X-axis and Z-axis are the two most basic axes on the lathe, which control the movement of the turning tool in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively. The X-axis usually moves horizontally, controlling the feed movement of the workpiece on the lathe, while the Z-axis usually moves longitudinally, controlling the feed movement of the workpiece in the axial direction. The movement of these two axes can form most turning contours, and they are also the two axes most used in programming. In traditional lathe machining, there is usually only motion control in the X-axis and Z-axis directions. For the machining of some workpieces with complex shapes or high precision requirements, the existing two-axis lathes have certain limitations. In the actual machining process, due to factors such as tool wear and thermal deformation of the machine tool, the machining accuracy may be affected, and compensation adjustments are required. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the above problems and technical requirements, the present invention provides a CNC machine tool with an interpolation Y-axis function, which improves the machining accuracy and flexibility of the lathe by adding motion control in the Y-axis direction, and can also detect and compensate for machining errors in real time.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A CNC machine tool with an interpolation Y-axis function, comprising a bed, a spindle box, a tailstock assembly, a Z-axis linear module, a Y-axis interpolation mechanism, an X-axis linear module and a power turret. A spindle box and a tailstock assembly are provided on both sides of the top surface of the bed, and the tailstock assembly can slide relative to the spindle box. A workpiece clamping area is provided between the spindle box and the tailstock assembly. A Z-axis linear module is provided along the workpiece clamping area on the top surface of the bed, and the direction of the Z-axis linear module is parallel to the axis of the spindle box. A Y-axis interpolation mechanism is connected to the Z-axis linear module. The moving direction of the Y-axis interpolation mechanism is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle box. The top of the Y-axis interpolation mechanism is an inclined surface, and the X-axis linear module is arranged on the inclined surface. The power turret is connected to the X-axis linear module. The X-axis linear module drives the power turret to move telescopically downward along the X-axis. The Y-axis interpolation mechanism can drive the power turret to move up and down in the vertical direction at the same time on the basis of the X-axis movement. In this solution, the power turret can move freely in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions, which improves the range and flexibility of processing. The movement in the Z-axis direction is to align the processing position of the workpiece on the circumference or end face. The movement of the X-axis determines the cutting depth of the workpiece, and the Y-axis feed can be linked with the X-axis, so that the power turret can float up and down at the same time on the basis of forward and backward extension, and can complete the processing of more complex part shapes.

[0005] Furthermore, the Y-axis interpolation mechanism includes a base plate, a ramp bracket, a Y-axis motor, a Y-axis slide rail, and a Y-axis ball screw. The base plate is provided with the Y-axis slide rail and the Y-axis ball screw. The Y-axis motor is provided on the side of the base plate and is connected to the Y-axis ball screw. The bottom surface of the ramp bracket is connected to the Y-axis slide rail and the Y-axis ball screw. The Y-axis motor can drive the ramp bracket to slide back and forth along the Y-axis slide rail. Because the ramp bracket can slide back and forth along the Y-axis, when the ramp bracket is pushed forward, the power turret slides upward along the X-axis, which can lift the power turret vertically upward, effectively raising the tool. Conversely, when the ramp bracket is retracted, the power turret slides downward along the X-axis, which can reduce the processing height of the tool. Through the coordinated operation of the X-axis and Y-axis, a more flexible milling effect is achieved.

[0006] Furthermore, the Z-axis linear module includes a Z-axis motor, a Z-axis guide rail and a Z-axis ball screw. The Z-axis guide rail and the Z-axis ball screw are arranged on the top surface of the bed parallel to the axis of the spindle box. The Z-axis motor is fixedly connected to the screw end of the Z-axis ball screw. The nut of the Z-axis ball screw is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the base plate. The Z-axis motor drives the Y-axis interpolation mechanism to perform reciprocating motion along the Z-axis guide rail.

[0007] Furthermore, the X-axis linear module includes an X-axis slide rail, an X-axis motor, and an X-axis ball screw. The X-axis slide rail and the X-axis ball screw are arranged along the inclined surface of the top of the inclined bracket. The X-axis motor is fixedly connected to the end face of the inclined bracket. The X-axis motor is connected to the screw end of the X-axis ball screw. The two sides of the bottom surface of the power turret are slidably connected to the X-axis slide rail. The middle part of the bottom surface of the power turret is fixedly connected to the nut of the X-axis ball screw. The X-axis motor drives the power turret to reciprocate along the inclined X-axis. The power turret has two modes when operating. One is that the Y-axis is stationary and the power turret can only extend and retract along the X-axis. This does not cause height fluctuations and is suitable for processing workpieces with simple shapes. The other is that the X-axis and Y-axis are linked for processing. The power turret has a wider range of movement and is suitable for processing workpieces with complex shapes.

[0008] Furthermore, the power turret includes a protective shell, a rotary tool holder, a servo motor and a driving gear. The bottom of the protective shell is connected to the X-axis ball screw, and the side of the protective shell is rotatably connected to the rotary tool holder and the driving gear. A servo motor is provided in the protective shell, and an output gear is provided at the output end of the servo motor. A gear ring is provided on the outer periphery of the rotary tool holder. The output gear and the rotary tool holder are meshed and connected through a driving gear. The servo motor drives the rotary tool holder to rotate forward or reverse.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotary tool holder is provided with a circle of toolholders, which are clamped in a direction parallel to or perpendicular to the spindle box axis, and on which different milling tools are mounted. When the toolholders are provided on the rotary tool holder, when the milling tools clamped on the toolholders are perpendicular to the spindle box axis, the peripheral surface of the workpiece can be milled. When the milling tools clamped on the toolholders are parallel to the spindle box axis, the end face of the workpiece can be milled. This allows for compatibility with different clamping methods and can adapt to different processing requirements.

[0010] Furthermore, the tailstock assembly includes a tailstock and a tailstock linear module. The tailstock linear module is arranged on the top surface of the bed. The setting direction of the tailstock linear module is parallel to the axis of the spindle box. The tailstock is connected to the tailstock linear module. A rear center is provided on the end face of the tailstock opposite to the spindle box. The tailstock linear module can drive the tailstock to slide forward so that the rear center hits the end of the workpiece to be processed.

[0011] Furthermore, the spindle box is provided with a chuck, which can clamp the workpiece, and the rear center is arranged corresponding to the axis of the chuck.

[0012] When the power turret is processing the end face of the workpiece, the other end of the workpiece is clamped by the chuck, and the tailstock retreats backward, leaving a workpiece clamping area to facilitate the forward feed of the power turret; when the power turret is processing the circumference of the workpiece, the rear center of the tailstock must cooperate with the chuck, the chuck clamps one end, and the center of the other end face is pressed by the rear center, which can fix the axis of the workpiece, so that the axis remains stationary when the workpiece is rotated and milled, thereby improving the processing accuracy.

[0013] Furthermore, the bed is made of cast iron, and a plurality of leveling feet are provided at the bottom of the bed. The cast iron bed has sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand the dynamic loads and impact forces generated by the machine tool during high-speed machining, and the leveling feet can level the bed.

[0014] Furthermore, a beveled baffle is installed above the tailstock linear module, and a chip removal window is installed below the workpiece clamping area, penetrating the bed. Chips generated during machining are discharged downward through the beveled baffle and chip removal window. The beveled baffle blocks the chips from being processed, preventing them from falling onto the tailstock linear module, thus ensuring smooth operation of the tailstock linear module.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the machine tool is equipped with an interpolation Y-axis function, which enables the power turret to move simultaneously along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis, realizing multi-axis linkage processing, and capable of processing workpieces of complex shapes. The axes of the machine tool are all matched with high-precision ball screws and guide rails, which can ensure high-precision processing and reduce the scrap rate; the rotary tool holder in the power turret can be equipped with multiple tool holders, and different tools can be clamped on the tool holders, including turning tools, milling cutters, rotary heads, etc. The diversity of the number and types of tools can adapt to different processing requirements, so that multiple complex processes such as turning, milling, drilling, tapping, and reaming can be easily completed with one clamping, with high processing efficiency, strong rigidity and excellent stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The present invention is a CNC machine tool with interpolation Y-axis function assembly Figure 1 ; Figure 2 The present invention is a CNC machine tool with interpolation Y-axis function assembly Figure 2 ; Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the bed in the present invention; Figure 4 2 is a structural diagram of the tailstock assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 It is an assembly diagram of the Y-axis interpolation mechanism and the power turret in the present invention; Figure 6 2 is a structural diagram of the Y-axis interpolation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the power turret in the present invention; Marked in the figure are: bed 1, workpiece clamping area 11, leveling foot 12, chip removal window 13, spindle box 2, chuck 21, tailstock assembly 3, tailstock 31, tailstock linear module 32, rear center 33, bevel baffle 34, Z-axis linear module 4, Z-axis motor 41, Z-axis guide rail 42, Z-axis ball screw 43, Y-axis interpolation mechanism 5, base plate 51, bevel bracket 52, Y-axis motor 53, Y-axis slide rail 54, Y-axis ball screw 55, X-axis linear module 6, X-axis slide rail 61, X-axis motor 62, X-axis ball screw 63, power turret 7, protective shell 71, rotary tool holder 72, tool holder 721, ring gear 722, servo motor 73, drive gear 74, output gear 75. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] like Figure 1-7The figure shows a CNC machine tool with interpolation Y-axis function of the present invention, including a bed 1, a spindle box 2, a tailstock assembly 3, a Z-axis linear module 4, a Y-axis interpolation mechanism 5, an X-axis linear module 6 and a power turret 7. The top surface of the bed 1 is provided with a spindle box 2 and a tailstock assembly 3 on both sides thereof. The tailstock assembly 3 can slide relative to the spindle box 2. There is a workpiece clamping area 11 between the spindle box 2 and the tailstock assembly 3. The top surface of the bed 1 is provided with a Z-axis linear module 4 along the workpiece clamping area 11. The direction is parallel to the axis of the spindle box 2. The Y-axis interpolation mechanism 5 is connected to the Z-axis linear module 4. The moving direction of the Y-axis interpolation mechanism 5 is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle box 2. The top of the Y-axis interpolation mechanism 5 is an inclined surface. The X-axis linear module 6 is set on the inclined surface. The power turret 7 is connected to the X-axis linear module 6. The X-axis linear module 6 drives the power turret 7 to move telescopically downward along the X-axis. The Y-axis interpolation mechanism 5 can drive the power turret 7 to move up and down in the vertical direction at the same time on the basis of the X-axis movement.

[0019] The Z-axis linear module 4 includes a Z-axis motor 41, a Z-axis guide rail 42, and a Z-axis ball screw 43. The Z-axis guide rail 42 and Z-axis ball screw 43 are arranged on the top surface of the bed parallel to the axis of the spindle box. The Z-axis motor 41 is fixedly connected to the screw end of the Z-axis ball screw 43. The nut of the Z-axis ball screw 43 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the base plate 51. The Z-axis motor 41 drives the Y-axis interpolation mechanism 5 to reciprocate along the Z-axis guide rail 42. Movement in the Z-axis direction is used to align the workpiece with the processing position on the peripheral surface or end surface.

[0020] The tailstock assembly 3 includes a tailstock 31 and a tailstock linear module 32. The tailstock linear module 32 is arranged on the top surface of the bed 1 and is arranged parallel to the axis of the spindle box 2. The tailstock 31 is connected to the tailstock linear module 32. The end surface of the tailstock 31 opposite the spindle box 2 is provided with a rear center 33. The tailstock linear module 32 can drive the tailstock 31 to slide forward so that the rear center 33 is against the end of the workpiece to be machined. The spindle box 2 is provided with a chuck 21, which can clamp the workpiece. The rear center 33 is arranged corresponding to the chuck axis. When the power turret 7 processes the end face of the workpiece, the other end of the workpiece is clamped by the chuck, and the tailstock 31 retreats backward, leaving the workpiece clamping area 11 to facilitate the forward feeding of the power turret 7; when the power turret 7 processes the circumference of the workpiece, the rear center 33 of the tailstock 31 must cooperate with the chuck 21, the chuck 21 clamps one end, and the center of the other end face is pressed by the rear center 33, so that the axis of the workpiece can be fixed, so that the axis of the workpiece can remain stationary during rotation and milling, thereby improving the processing accuracy.

[0021] A beveled baffle 34 is provided above the tailstock linear module 32, and a chip removal window 13 penetrating the bed is provided below the workpiece clamping area 11. Chips generated during machining are discharged downward through the beveled baffle 34 and the chip removal window 13. The beveled baffle 34 blocks the chips from being processed, preventing them from falling onto the tailstock linear module 32, thereby ensuring smooth operation of the tailstock linear module 32.

[0022] The Y-axis interpolation mechanism 5 includes a base plate 51, an inclined plane bracket 52, a Y-axis motor 53, a Y-axis slide rail 54 and a Y-axis ball screw 55. The Y-axis slide rail 54 and the Y-axis ball screw 55 are provided on the base plate 51. The Y-axis motor 53 is provided on the side of the base plate 51. The Y-axis motor 53 is connected to the Y-axis ball screw 55. The bottom surface of the inclined plane bracket 52 is connected to the Y-axis slide rail 54 and the Y-axis ball screw 55. The Y-axis motor 53 can drive the inclined plane bracket to slide back and forth along the Y-axis slide rail 54. The X-axis linear module 6 includes an X-axis slide rail 61, an X-axis motor 62 and an X-axis ball screw 63. The X-axis slide rail 61 and the X-axis ball screw 63 are arranged along the inclined surface of the top of the inclined bracket 52. The X-axis motor 62 is fixedly connected to the end surface of the inclined bracket 52. The X-axis motor 62 is connected to the screw end of the X-axis ball screw 63. The two sides of the bottom surface of the power turret 7 are slidably connected to the X-axis slide rail 61. The middle part of the bottom surface of the power turret 7 is fixedly connected to the nut of the X-axis ball screw 63. The X-axis motor 62 drives the power turret 7 to reciprocate along the inclined X-axis.

[0023] The power turret 7 includes a protective shell 71, a rotary tool holder 72, a servo motor 73 and a drive gear 74. The bottom of the protective shell 71 is connected to the X-axis ball screw 63, and the side of the protective shell 71 is rotatably connected to the rotary tool holder 72 and the drive gear 74. A servo motor 73 is provided inside the protective shell 71, and an output gear 75 is provided at the output end of the servo motor 73. A gear ring 722 is provided on the outer periphery of the rotary tool holder 72. The output gear 75 and the rotary tool holder 72 are meshed and connected through the drive gear 74. The servo motor 73 drives the rotary tool holder 72 to rotate forward or reverse. A circle of tool holders 721 are provided on the rotary tool holder 72. The clamping direction of the tool holders 721 is parallel to or perpendicular to the axis of the spindle box. Different milling tools are installed on the tool holders 721. A tool holder 721 is provided on the rotary tool rest 72. When the milling tool clamped on the tool holder 721 is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle box 2, the peripheral surface of the workpiece can be milled. When the milling tool clamped on the tool holder 721 is parallel to the axis of the spindle box, the end face of the workpiece can be milled. It is compatible with different clamping methods and can adapt to different processing requirements.

[0024] The bed 1 is made of cast iron, and a plurality of leveling feet 12 are provided at the bottom of the bed 1. The cast iron bed 1 has sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand the dynamic load and impact force generated by the machine tool during high-speed machining, and the leveling feet 12 can level the bed.

[0025] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the workpiece is clamped on the chuck 21, and the tailstock 31 is pressed tightly according to the processing part of the workpiece. If the peripheral surface of the workpiece is processed, the tailstock 31 slides forward and the rear center 33 presses the end face of the workpiece. If the end face of the workpiece is processed, the tailstock 31 slides backward to make room for the tool to process. The power turret 7 has two modes during operation. One is that the Y-axis is stationary and the power turret 7 can only be extended and retracted along the X-axis. This will not cause height fluctuation and is suitable for processing workpieces with simple shapes. The other is the X-axis and Y-axis linkage processing. Since the inclined plane bracket 52 can slide back and forth along the Y-axis, when the inclined plane bracket 52 is pushed forward, the power turret 7 slides upward along the X-axis, which can lift the power turret 7 in the vertical direction, and the tool setting has a lifting effect. On the contrary, the inclined plane bracket 52 is retracted backward and the power turret 7 slides downward along the X-axis, which can reduce the processing height of the tool. Through the linkage operation of the X-axis and the Y-axis, a more flexible milling effect is achieved, and the range of movement of the power turret 7 is wider, which is suitable for processing workpieces with complex shapes.

[0026] The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications and substitutions that can be readily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention are intended to be encompassed within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A CNC machine tool with an interpolation Y-axis function, characterized in that: It includes a bed, a spindle box, a tailstock assembly, a Z-axis linear module, a Y-axis interpolation mechanism, an X-axis linear module and a power turret. The spindle box and the tailstock assembly are provided on both sides of the top surface of the bed. The tailstock assembly can slide relative to the spindle box. There is a workpiece clamping area between the spindle box and the tailstock assembly. A Z-axis linear module is provided on the top surface of the bed along the workpiece clamping area. The direction of the Z-axis linear module is parallel to the axis of the spindle box. The Z-axis linear module is connected to the Y-axis interpolation mechanism. The moving direction of the Y-axis interpolation mechanism is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle box. The top of the Y-axis interpolation mechanism is an inclined surface. The X-axis linear module is arranged on the inclined surface. The power turret is connected to the X-axis linear module. The X-axis linear module drives the power turret to move telescopically downward along the X-axis. The Y-axis interpolation mechanism can drive the power turret to move up and down in the vertical direction at the same time on the basis of the X-axis movement.

2. A CNC machine tool with an interpolation Y-axis function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis interpolation mechanism includes a base plate, an inclined plane bracket, a Y-axis motor, a Y-axis slide rail and a Y-axis ball screw. The Y-axis slide rail and the Y-axis ball screw are provided on the base plate, and a Y-axis motor is provided on the side of the base plate. The Y-axis motor is connected to the Y-axis ball screw. The bottom surface of the inclined plane bracket is connected to the Y-axis slide rail and the Y-axis ball screw. The Y-axis motor can drive the inclined plane bracket to slide back and forth along the Y-axis slide rail.

3. The CNC machine tool with interpolation Y-axis function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Z-axis linear module includes a Z-axis motor, a Z-axis guide rail and a Z-axis ball screw. The Z-axis guide rail and the Z-axis ball screw are arranged on the top surface of the bed parallel to the axis of the spindle box. The Z-axis motor is fixedly connected to the screw end of the Z-axis ball screw. The nut of the Z-axis ball screw is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the base plate. The Z-axis motor drives the Y-axis interpolation mechanism to perform reciprocating motion along the Z-axis guide rail.

4. The CNC machine tool with interpolation Y-axis function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The X-axis linear module includes an X-axis slide rail, an X-axis motor and an X-axis ball screw. The X-axis slide rail and the X-axis ball screw are arranged along the inclined surface of the top of the inclined bracket. The X-axis motor is fixedly connected to the end surface of the inclined bracket. The X-axis motor is connected to the screw end of the X-axis ball screw. The two sides of the bottom surface of the power turret are slidably connected to the X-axis slide rail. The middle part of the bottom surface of the power turret is fixedly connected to the nut of the X-axis ball screw. The X-axis motor drives the power turret to reciprocate along the inclined X-axis.

5. The CNC machine tool with interpolation Y-axis function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power turret includes a protective shell, a rotary tool holder, a servo motor and a driving gear. The bottom of the protective shell is connected to the X-axis ball screw, and the side of the protective shell is rotatably connected to the rotary tool holder and the driving gear. A servo motor is provided in the protective shell, and an output gear is provided at the output end of the servo motor. A gear ring is provided on the outer periphery of the rotary tool holder. The output gear and the rotary tool holder are meshed and connected through the driving gear. The servo motor drives the rotary tool holder to rotate forward or reverse.

6. The CNC machine tool with interpolation Y-axis function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotary tool holder is provided with a circle of tool seats, the clamping direction of the tool seats is parallel to or perpendicular to the axis of the spindle box, and different milling tools are installed on the tool seats.

7. The CNC machine tool with interpolation Y-axis function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tailstock assembly includes a tailstock and a tailstock linear module. The tailstock linear module is arranged on the top surface of the bed. The setting direction of the tailstock linear module is parallel to the axis of the spindle box. The tailstock is connected to the tailstock linear module. A rear center is provided on the end surface of the tailstock opposite to the spindle box. The tailstock linear module can drive the tailstock to slide forward so that the rear center hits the end of the workpiece to be processed.

8. The CNC machine tool with interpolation Y-axis function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spindle box is provided with a chuck which can clamp a workpiece, and the rear center is arranged corresponding to the axis of the chuck.

9. The CNC machine tool with interpolation Y-axis function according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bed is made of cast iron, and a plurality of leveling feet are provided at the bottom of the bed.

10. The CNC machine tool with interpolation Y-axis function according to claim 9, characterized in that: A bevel baffle is provided above the tailstock linear module, and a chip removal window penetrating the bed is provided below the workpiece clamping area. The chips generated by machining are discharged downward through the bevel baffle and the chip removal window.

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