Solid-waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid-waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, pretreating raw materials; 2, mixing and stirring; and 3, forming and maintaining. Wherein the raw materials comprise, by weight, 30-40 parts of marine silt, 20-30 parts of lime slag, 10-20 parts of sludge ash, 10-15 parts of sea sand, 5-10 parts of epoxy resin, and 3-5 parts of glass fiber. The artificial fish reef disclosed by the invention can be mixed with seawater for culture, so that on-site putting, marine environment improvement, organism gathering and proper living environment providing for marine organisms can be realized, and the purposes of accumulating fish schools and promoting the proliferation of fishery resources are achieved; and the problems of land resource waste and environmental pollution caused by storage of solid wastes such as lime residues and sludge ash can be effectively solved, and meanwhile efficient resource utilization of marine facies sludge and sea sand is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of marine engineering technology, and in particular to a solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Artificial reefs are man-made structures installed in the sea to provide feeding and shelter for fish species, improve the marine environment, and promote the growth of fish species. Studies have shown that artificial reefs have a significant conservation effect on fishery resources, improving the structure of fishery communities and promoting resource growth.

[0003] However, the cementitious component of the concrete used in artificial reefs is still mainly ordinary Portland cement, whose strong alkalinity causes the surface pH to be too high. It takes at least 6 months of soaking to reduce the surface pH to a level close to that of seawater, which seriously hinders the attachment of marine organisms.

[0004] In addition, soluble Ca in cement 2 The carbonates formed by reprecipitation can coat the reef surface, further inhibiting the growth of marine life. Furthermore, conventional artificial reefs lack sufficient impact resistance to meet practical needs. Therefore, developing a highly impact-resistant, environmentally friendly, and low-cost artificial reef material is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to improve the impact resistance and durability of artificial reefs and realize the resource utilization of marine silt and sea sand.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef and a preparation method. The low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef and its preparation method are prepared using solid waste such as lime slag and sludge ash. By adding epoxy resin and glass fiber, the impact resistance and durability of the material are significantly improved, while realizing the resource utilization of marine silt and sea sand.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Raw material pretreatment

[0010] 1.1 Weigh the raw materials of marine silt, lime slag, sludge ash, sea sand, epoxy resin and glass fiber according to their weight proportions;

[0011] 1.2 Pre-treat the marine silt by airing, crushing and screening;

[0012] 1.3 Crush and sieve the lime slag and sludge ash separately;

[0013] 1.4 Clean the sea sand and dry it for later use;

[0014] Step 2: Mix and stir

[0015] 2.1 Add the pre-treated marine silt, lime slag, sludge ash and sea sand into the mixer according to the proportion and mix them evenly;

[0016] 2.2 Add epoxy resin to the blender after mixing in step 2.1 and continue stirring until a uniform slurry is formed;

[0017] 2.3 First, cut the glass fibers, then evenly disperse the cut glass fibers into the slurry prepared in step 2.2, and stir until the fibers are evenly distributed to obtain a mixture;

[0018] Step 3: Forming and curing

[0019] 3.1 Inject the mixture obtained in step 2.3 into the mold;

[0020] 3.2 The product obtained in step 3.1 is cured at room temperature, and then steam cured at high temperature. After demolding, the solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef is obtained.

[0021] Furthermore, the weight proportions of the raw materials in step 1.1 are: 30-40 parts of marine sludge, 20-30 parts of lime slag, 10-20 parts of sludge ash, 10-15 parts of sea sand, 5-10 parts of epoxy resin, and 3-5 parts of glass fiber.

[0022] Furthermore, the pretreatment of airing and crushing and screening the marine sludge in step 1.2 is to air-dry the marine sludge until the moisture content is less than 10%, and the particle size after crushing and screening is ≤0.5 mm.

[0023] Furthermore, in the step 1.3, the lime slag and sludge ash are crushed and sieved to obtain a particle size of ≤0.5 mm.

[0024] Furthermore, the shearing of the glass fibers in step 2.3 is to shear the glass fibers into short fibers of 5-10 mm.

[0025] Furthermore, in step 3.1, after the mixture is injected into the mold, it needs to be vibrated and compacted to remove bubbles.

[0026] Furthermore, in the step 3.2, the curing time at room temperature is 24-36 hours, followed by steam curing at 60-80°C for 6-8 hours.

[0027] The present invention also discloses a solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef, which is prepared according to the above-mentioned method for preparing the solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef.

[0028] In the present invention, the various components in the preparation method complement each other and are indispensable, forming a mutually synergistic system, the mechanism of which is as follows:

[0029] In the present invention, fine particles of marine silt, lime slag and sludge ash form a good particle gradation with sea sand, fill pores and improve density.

[0030] The three-dimensional network structure of glass fiber disperses stress and enhances impact resistance.

[0031] Lime slag provides an alkaline environment to activate the active components in marine silt and sludge ash, generating CSH gel and ettringite, which enhances the strength and durability of the material.

[0032] Epoxy resin can form chemical bonds with the matrix materials such as marine silt, lime slag, and sludge ash to improve the interface bonding strength.

[0033] Epoxy resin acts as a binder, wrapping and bonding the particles of each component to form a continuous phase and improve the integrity.

[0034] A strong interface bond is formed between the glass fiber and the epoxy resin, further enhancing the mechanical properties of the material.

[0035] The flexibility of epoxy resin and the toughening effect of glass fiber work together to absorb impact energy and reduce crack propagation.

[0036] Sea sand acts as a rigid aggregate, dispersing external impact stress and preventing local damage.

[0037] Under high-aluminum, low-sulfate conditions, the hydration product of cementitious materials, ettringite (AFt), can be transformed into AFm and combined with free chloride ions in seawater to form Freund's salt (Ca4Al2O6Cl2·10H2O), which can also improve the strength and durability of artificial reefs.

[0038] The present invention can significantly improve the impact resistance and eco-friendliness of the material by comprehensively utilizing solid wastes such as lime slag and sludge ash, and adding epoxy resin and glass fiber, while realizing the resource utilization of marine silt and sea sand.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. The solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef and preparation method provided by the present invention can be obtained by simply physically and mechanically mixing the raw material components, thereby reducing the production cost of the artificial fish reef.

[0041] 2. In the preparation process of the solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef of the present invention, only a mixing process is involved, which reduces carbon emissions; among the raw material components, the amount of solid waste such as lime slag and sludge ash is large, and the on-site marine silt and sea sand are utilized as resources, which not only can consume a large amount of industrial solid waste, reduce the land occupation of storage, and realize the resource utilization of multiple solid wastes, but also is environmentally friendly, easy to promote, and has significant economic benefits, environmental benefits and social benefits.

[0042] 3. The present invention uses the synergistic effect between solid wastes to prepare a new type of cementitious material to replace cement, which can effectively reduce the pH value of the fish reef surface and improve the attachment environment of marine organisms.

[0043] 4. The solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial reef and preparation method of the present invention can produce artificial reefs that meet the requirements of stability, durability and alkalinity reduction. After reaching the maintenance age, the artificial reefs show excellent compressive strength, impact strength and corrosion resistance, verifying the effectiveness of the synergistic effect of each component.

[0044] 5. The present invention can significantly improve the impact resistance and eco-friendliness of the material by comprehensively utilizing solid wastes such as lime slag and sludge ash, and adding epoxy resin and glass fiber. At the same time, it realizes the resource utilization of marine silt and sea sand, and provides a new technical path for the sustainable development of artificial reefs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present invention, the marine silt is natural marine silt.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] Step 1: Raw material pretreatment

[0049] 1.1 Weigh 35 parts of marine silt, 25 parts of lime slag, 15 parts of sludge ash, 12 parts of sea sand, 8 parts of epoxy resin, and 4 parts of glass fiber.

[0050] 1.2 Air-dry the marine silt until the moisture content is less than 10%, and grind and sieve the particle size to ≤0.5mm;

[0051] 1.3 Grind and sieve the lime slag and sludge ash separately, with the particle size ≤ 0.5mm;

[0052] 1.4 Clean the sea sand and dry it for later use.

[0053] Step 2: Mix and stir

[0054] 2.1 Add the pre-treated marine silt, lime slag, sludge ash and sea sand into the mixer according to the proportion and mix them evenly;

[0055] 2.2 Add epoxy resin to the blended mixture and continue stirring until a uniform slurry is formed;

[0056] 2.3 First cut the glass fiber into 8mm short fibers, then evenly disperse the cut glass fiber into the slurry, stir until the fibers are evenly distributed to obtain a mixture;

[0057] Step 3: Forming and curing

[0058] 3.1 Pour the mixture into the mold and vibrate and compact it to remove bubbles;

[0059] 3.2 The product was cured at room temperature for 24 hours, and then steam cured at 70°C for 7 hours. After demolding, a solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef was obtained.

[0060] According to the above method, a solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef was obtained. The specimen was placed in an electronic universal testing machine and pressure was uniformly applied along the axial direction until the specimen was broken. The compressive strength was measured to be 45.2 MPa. The specimen was fixed on the testing machine bracket using a pendulum impact testing machine. The pendulum was released to impact the specimen. The energy absorbed when the specimen broke was measured and the impact strength per unit area was calculated. The impact strength was measured to be 18.5 kJ / m 2 , Corrosion resistance: After immersion in simulated seawater environment for 90 days, the strength loss rate is less than 5%.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] Step 1: Raw material pretreatment

[0063] 1.1 Weigh 40 parts of marine silt, 20 parts of lime slag, 20 parts of sludge ash, 10 parts of sea sand, 5 parts of epoxy resin, and 3 parts of glass fiber.

[0064] 1.2 Air-dry the marine silt until the moisture content is less than 10%, and grind and sieve the particle size to ≤0.5mm;

[0065] 1.3 Grind and sieve the lime slag and sludge ash separately, with the particle size ≤ 0.5mm;

[0066] 1.4 Clean the sea sand and dry it for later use.

[0067] Step 2: Mix and stir

[0068] 2.1 Add the pre-treated marine silt, lime slag, sludge ash and sea sand into the mixer according to the proportion and mix them evenly;

[0069] 2.2 Add epoxy resin to the blended mixture and continue stirring until a uniform slurry is formed;

[0070] 2.3 First cut the glass fiber into 5mm short fibers, then evenly disperse the cut glass fiber into the slurry, stir until the fibers are evenly distributed to obtain a mixture.

[0071] Step 3: Forming and curing

[0072] 3.1 Pour the mixture into the mold and vibrate and compact it to remove bubbles;

[0073] 3.2 The product was cured at room temperature for 30 hours, and then steam cured at 60°C for 6 hours. After demolding, a solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef was obtained.

[0074] According to the above method, the compressive strength of the solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef is 42.7MPa and the impact strength is 20.3kJ / m 2 , Corrosion resistance: After immersion in simulated seawater environment for 90 days, the strength loss rate is less than 4%.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] Step 1: Raw material pretreatment

[0077] 1.1 Weigh 30 parts of marine silt, 30 parts of lime slag, 20 parts of sludge ash, 15 parts of sea sand, 10 parts of epoxy resin, and 5 parts of glass fiber.

[0078] 1.2 Air-dry the marine silt until the moisture content is less than 10%, and grind and sieve the particle size to ≤0.5mm;

[0079] 1.3 Grind and sieve the lime slag and sludge ash separately, with the particle size ≤ 0.5mm;

[0080] 1.4 Clean the sea sand and dry it for later use.

[0081] Step 2: Mix and stir

[0082] 2.1 Add the pre-treated marine silt, lime slag, sludge ash and sea sand into the mixer according to the proportion and mix them evenly;

[0083] 2.2 Add epoxy resin to the blended mixture and continue stirring until a uniform slurry is formed;

[0084] 2.3 First cut the glass fiber into 10mm short fibers, then evenly disperse the cut glass fiber into the slurry, stir until the fibers are evenly distributed to obtain a mixture.

[0085] Step 3: Forming and curing

[0086] 3.1 Pour the mixture into the mold and vibrate and compact it to remove bubbles;

[0087] 3.2 The product was cured at room temperature for 36 hours, and then steam cured at 80°C for 8 hours. After demolding, a solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef was obtained.

[0088] According to the above method, the compressive strength of the solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef is 50.1MPa and the impact strength is 19.4kJ / m 2 , Corrosion resistance: After immersion in simulated seawater environment for 90 days, the strength loss rate is less than 4%.

[0089] The present invention adopts the synergistic effect of solid waste to prepare a new type of cementitious material instead of cement. The prepared artificial fish reef surface can effectively reduce the pH value of the fish reef surface and improve the attachment environment of marine organisms.

[0090] The solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial reef and its preparation method can prepare artificial reefs that meet the requirements of stability and durability and alkalinity reduction. After reaching the curing age, the artificial reefs show excellent compressive strength (45.2-50.1MPa) and impact strength (18.5-20.3kJ / m 2 ) and corrosion resistance (strength loss <5% after 90 days of simulated seawater immersion), verifying the effectiveness of the synergistic effect of the various components. By comprehensively utilizing solid wastes such as lime slag and sludge ash, and adding epoxy resin and glass fiber, this invention significantly improves the material's impact resistance and eco-friendliness. It also achieves resourceful utilization of marine silt and sand, providing a new technological path for the sustainable development of artificial reefs.

[0091] The present invention has been described above by way of example in conjunction with the embodiments. It is obvious that the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned methods. As long as various improvements are made using the method concepts and technical solutions of the present invention, or the concepts and technical solutions of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Raw material pretreatment 1.1 Weigh the raw materials of marine silt, lime slag, sludge ash, sea sand, epoxy resin and glass fiber according to their weight proportions; 1.2 Pre-treat the marine silt by airing, crushing and screening; 1.3 Crush and sieve the lime slag and sludge ash separately; 1.4 Clean the sea sand and dry it for later use; Step 2: Mix and stir 2.1 Add the pre-treated marine silt, lime slag, sludge ash and sea sand into the mixer according to the proportion and mix them evenly; 2.2 Add epoxy resin to the blender after mixing in step 2.1 and continue stirring until a uniform slurry is formed; 2.3 First, cut the glass fibers, then evenly disperse the cut glass fibers into the slurry prepared in step 2.2, and stir until the fibers are evenly distributed to obtain a mixture; Step 3: Forming and curing 3.1 Inject the mixture obtained in step 2.3 into the mold; 3.2 The product obtained in step 3.1 is cured at room temperature, and then steam cured at high temperature. After demolding, the solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef is obtained.

2. The method for preparing a solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight proportions of the raw materials in step 1.1 are: 30-40 parts of marine sludge, 20-30 parts of lime slag, 10-20 parts of sludge ash, 10-15 parts of sea sand, 5-10 parts of epoxy resin, and 3-5 parts of glass fiber.

3. The method for preparing a solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment of airing and crushing and screening the marine sludge in step 1.2 is to air-dry the marine sludge until the moisture content is less than 10% and the particle size after crushing and screening is ≤0.5 mm.

4. The method for preparing a solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1.3, the lime slag and the sludge ash are crushed and sieved respectively to a particle size of ≤0.5 mm.

5. The method for preparing a solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 2.3 of cutting the glass fibers is to cut the glass fibers into short fibers of 5-10 mm.

6. The method for preparing a solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3.1, after the mixture is injected into the mold, it needs to be vibrated and compacted to remove bubbles.

7. The method for preparing a solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3.2, the curing time at room temperature is 24-36 hours, followed by steam curing at 60-80°C for 6-8 hours.

8. A solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial reef, characterized by: The artificial fish reef is prepared according to the method for preparing a solid waste-based low-alkalinity marine artificial fish reef according to any one of claims 1 to 7.