Irrigation and water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage integrated system and method based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural water conservancy, in particular to a farmland water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage integrated system and method based on the Internet of Things, and the system comprises the following modules: a data collection module, a control module, an execution module, a communication module and a remote management platform. Farmland environment data are comprehensively collected in real time through multiple sensors, analysis and decision are conducted in combination with an intelligent algorithm, precise and intelligent control over irrigation and drainage is achieved, automatic adjustment can be achieved according to actual needs of crops and environment changes, and the yield and quality of the crops are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural water conservancy technology, and specifically to an integrated system and method for farmland water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural production, farmland irrigation and drainage management plays a crucial role in crop yield and quality. Traditional methods of farmland irrigation and drainage, which mostly rely on manual operations, have numerous drawbacks. On the one hand, manual irrigation and drainage lack precision, making it difficult to scientifically and rationally regulate them based on the actual needs of different crops at different growth stages and under varying soil and meteorological conditions. This can easily lead to water waste or insufficient irrigation and drainage, which in turn affects crop growth. On the other hand, manual operations are inefficient and labor-intensive, making it impossible to respond promptly to sudden weather changes and abnormal water content in farmland. This increases agricultural production costs and restricts the development of agricultural modernization.

[0003] With the development of the Internet of Things (IoT), some farmland irrigation and drainage systems have begun to incorporate sensors and remote control technologies. However, existing technologies still have significant shortcomings. Most systems only implement a single irrigation or drainage function, lacking integrated, coordinated control of both irrigation and drainage. Sensor monitoring data is limited and cannot fully and accurately reflect the actual farmland conditions. The systems are also relatively low in intelligence and cannot adaptively adjust based on real-time data, making it difficult to meet the demands of modern agriculture for efficient and precise farmland water management. Therefore, this paper proposes an IoT-based intelligent integrated irrigation and drainage system and method for farmland water management. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an integrated system and method for intelligent irrigation and drainage of farmland water conservancy based on the Internet of Things to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial option.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: the farmland water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage integrated system based on the Internet of Things includes the following modules: data acquisition module, control module, execution module, communication module and remote management platform.

[0006] Further preferably, the data acquisition module includes a soil moisture sensor, meteorological sensors (wind speed sensor, wind direction sensor, rainfall sensor, air temperature sensor, air humidity sensor), and a water level sensor. The soil moisture sensor is used to collect real-time soil moisture content at different depths in the farmland; the meteorological sensor monitors meteorological data such as wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, air temperature, and air humidity in real time; and the water level sensor monitors the water levels in farmland ditches and reservoirs in real time, providing basic data for system decision-making.

[0007] Further preferably, the control module comprises a central controller, an irrigation controller, and a drainage controller. The central controller receives data transmitted by the data acquisition module, analyzes and processes it using a built-in intelligent algorithm, and generates irrigation or drainage instructions. The irrigation controller controls the start and stop of the irrigation equipment and the amount of irrigation according to the instructions of the central controller. The drainage controller controls the operation of the drainage equipment and the amount of drainage according to the instructions.

[0008] Further preferably, the execution module includes irrigation equipment (water pumps, solenoid valves, sprinklers, drip irrigation tapes, etc.) and drainage equipment (drainage pumps, electric gates, etc.), and the irrigation equipment performs irrigation operations according to the instructions of the irrigation controller; the drainage equipment performs drainage operations according to the instructions of the drainage controller.

[0009] Further preferably, the communication module adopts wireless communication technologies such as 5G, NB-IoT or LoRa to realize data transmission between the data acquisition module, the control module and the remote management platform, ensuring the real-time and stability of the data.

[0010] Further preferably, the remote management platform allows managers to log in to the remote management platform through a computer or mobile terminal, view farmland environmental data and equipment operating status in real time, manually set irrigation and drainage parameters, receive system alarm information, and remotely configure and manage the system.

[0011] The method for integrating smart irrigation and drainage of farmland water conservancy based on the Internet of Things includes the following steps:

[0012] S1, data collection;

[0013] S2, data analysis and decision making;

[0014] S3, execution control;

[0015] S4, real-time monitoring and feedback;

[0016] S5. Remote management and optimization.

[0017] Further preferably, in S1, various sensors in the data acquisition module collect farmland soil moisture, meteorological data, and water level data in real time according to a preset sampling frequency, and transmit the data to the central controller via the communication module. In S2, after receiving the data, the central controller compares and analyzes the soil moisture data with the suitable humidity range required for crop growth, combines the meteorological data to predict precipitation and evaporation in the future, and refers to the water level data. If the soil moisture is below the lower limit of the suitable range and no effective precipitation is expected, the central controller generates an irrigation instruction, calculates a reasonable irrigation amount based on the soil moisture difference and the crop water requirement, and sends it to the irrigation controller; if the soil moisture is above the upper limit of the suitable range, or the water level exceeds the warning value, the central controller generates a drainage instruction, determines the drainage time and drainage amount, and sends it to the drainage controller.

[0018] Further preferably, in S3, upon receiving an irrigation instruction, the irrigation controller controls the water pump to start, opens the corresponding solenoid valve, and adjusts the water flow rate of the sprinkler or drip irrigation tape according to the calculated irrigation volume, thereby providing precise irrigation. Upon receiving a drainage instruction, the drainage controller controls the drainage pump to start, opens the electric gate, and performs drainage operations according to the determined drainage volume. In S4, during the irrigation or drainage process, the data acquisition module continuously monitors soil moisture, water level, and other data, and provides real-time feedback to the central controller. The central controller promptly adjusts the irrigation or drainage strategy based on this feedback data to ensure that the soil moisture and water level of the farmland remain within an appropriate range. In the event of equipment failure or sensor anomalies, the system sends an alarm to the remote management platform via the communication module, alerting management personnel to take timely action.

[0019] Further preferably, in said S5, management personnel can remotely monitor and manage the system through the remote management platform, manually adjust irrigation and drainage parameters according to actual conditions, optimize intelligent algorithms, and view historical data and analyze the effects of farmland water management to provide reference for subsequent decision-making.

[0020] The embodiment of the present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. The present invention uses a variety of sensors to comprehensively and in real time collect farmland environmental data, combines it with intelligent algorithms for analysis and decision-making, and realizes precise and intelligent control of irrigation and drainage. It can automatically adjust according to the actual needs of crops and environmental changes, effectively improving crop yield and quality.

[0022] 2. The present invention avoids the waste and irrational use of water resources in traditional irrigation and drainage methods. It irrigates and drains according to actual needs, which can increase the efficiency of water resource utilization by more than 30%, meeting the requirements of water-saving agricultural development. The automated irrigation and drainage system reduces manual operations and reduces the labor intensity of farmers. At the same time, it improves management efficiency, reduces agricultural production costs, and improves agricultural production benefits.

[0023] 3. The management personnel of the present invention can monitor and manage the farmland water conservancy system anytime and anywhere through the remote management platform, timely grasp the farmland situation, respond to emergencies, and realize the refined management of agricultural production. It adopts standardized communication protocols and modular design, which is convenient for integration with other agricultural intelligent systems. At the same time, it can flexibly increase or decrease equipment and functional modules according to actual needs to adapt to farmlands of different sizes and types.

[0024] The above summary is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a system module diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Flow chart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1-2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated farmland water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage system based on the Internet of Things, including the following modules: a data acquisition module, a control module, an execution module, a communication module and a remote management platform.

[0031] In one embodiment, the data acquisition module includes a soil moisture sensor, meteorological sensors (wind speed sensor, wind direction sensor, rainfall sensor, air temperature sensor, air humidity sensor), and a water level sensor. The soil moisture sensor collects real-time soil moisture at different depths in the farmland. The meteorological sensor monitors wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, air temperature, and air humidity in real time. The water level sensor monitors the water levels in farmland ditches and reservoirs in real time, providing basic data for system decision-making.

[0032] In one embodiment, the control module comprises a central controller, an irrigation controller, and a drainage controller. The central controller receives data transmitted by the data acquisition module, analyzes and processes it using a built-in intelligent algorithm, and generates irrigation or drainage instructions. The irrigation controller controls the start and stop of the irrigation equipment and the amount of irrigation according to the instructions from the central controller. The drainage controller controls the operation of the drainage equipment and the amount of drainage according to the instructions.

[0033] In one embodiment, the execution module includes irrigation equipment (water pumps, solenoid valves, sprinklers, drip irrigation tapes, etc.) and drainage equipment (drainage pumps, electric gates, etc.). The irrigation equipment performs irrigation operations according to the instructions of the irrigation controller; the drainage equipment performs drainage operations according to the instructions of the drainage controller.

[0034] In one embodiment, the communication module uses wireless communication technologies such as 5G, NB-IoT or LoRa to realize data transmission between the data acquisition module, the control module and the remote management platform, ensuring the real-time and stability of the data.

[0035] In one embodiment, a remote management platform allows managers to log in to the remote management platform through a computer or mobile terminal, view farmland environmental data and equipment operating status in real time, manually set irrigation and drainage parameters, receive system alarm information, and remotely configure and manage the system.

[0036] The method for integrating smart irrigation and drainage of farmland water conservancy based on the Internet of Things includes the following steps:

[0037] S1, data collection;

[0038] S2, data analysis and decision making;

[0039] S3, execution control;

[0040] S4, real-time monitoring and feedback;

[0041] S5. Remote management and optimization.

[0042] In one embodiment, in S1, various sensors in the data acquisition module collect farmland soil moisture, meteorological data, and water level data in real time at a preset sampling frequency, and transmit the data to the central controller via the communication module. In S2, after receiving the data, the central controller compares and analyzes the soil moisture data with the suitable humidity range required for crop growth, combines meteorological data to predict precipitation and evaporation in the future, and also refers to water level data. If the soil moisture is below the lower limit of the suitable range and no significant precipitation is expected, the central controller generates an irrigation instruction, calculates a reasonable irrigation amount based on the soil moisture difference and the crop water requirement, and sends it to the irrigation controller. If the soil moisture is above the upper limit of the suitable range, or the water level exceeds the warning value, the central controller generates a drainage instruction, determines the drainage time and drainage amount, and sends it to the drainage controller.

[0043] In one embodiment, in S3, upon receiving an irrigation instruction, the irrigation controller controls the water pump to start, opens the corresponding solenoid valve, and adjusts the water flow rate from the sprinkler or drip irrigation tape according to the calculated irrigation volume, providing precise irrigation. Upon receiving a drainage instruction, the drainage controller activates the drainage pump, opens the electric gate, and drains the field according to the determined drainage volume. In S4, during the irrigation or drainage process, the data acquisition module continuously monitors soil moisture, water level, and other data, providing real-time feedback to the central controller. The central controller uses this feedback to promptly adjust irrigation or drainage strategies to ensure that soil moisture and water levels remain within appropriate ranges. In the event of equipment failure or sensor anomalies, the system sends an alarm to the remote management platform via the communication module, alerting management personnel to address the situation promptly.

[0044] In one embodiment, in S5, managers can remotely monitor and manage the system through the remote management platform, manually adjust irrigation and drainage parameters according to actual conditions, optimize intelligent algorithms, view historical data, analyze the effects of farmland water management, and provide reference for subsequent decision-making.

[0045] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various modifications and substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. The integrated farmland water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage system based on the Internet of Things is characterized by: It includes the following modules: data acquisition module, control module, execution module, communication module and remote management platform.

2. The integrated farmland water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized by: The data acquisition module includes a soil moisture sensor, meteorological sensors (wind speed sensor, wind direction sensor, rainfall sensor, air temperature sensor, air humidity sensor), and a water level sensor. The soil moisture sensor collects real-time soil moisture at different depths in the farmland. The meteorological sensor monitors wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, air temperature, and air humidity in real time. The water level sensor monitors the water levels in farmland ditches and reservoirs in real time, providing basic data for system decision-making.

3. The integrated farmland water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized by: The control module consists of a central controller, an irrigation controller, and a drainage controller. The central controller receives data from the data acquisition module, analyzes and processes it using a built-in intelligent algorithm, and generates irrigation or drainage instructions. The irrigation controller controls the start and stop of irrigation equipment and the amount of irrigation according to the central controller's instructions. The drainage controller controls the operation of drainage equipment and the amount of drainage according to the instructions.

4. The integrated farmland water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized by: The execution module includes irrigation equipment (water pumps, solenoid valves, sprinklers, drip irrigation tapes, etc.) and drainage equipment (drainage pumps, electric gates, etc.). The irrigation equipment performs irrigation operations according to the instructions of the irrigation controller; the drainage equipment performs drainage operations according to the instructions of the drainage controller.

5. The integrated farmland water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized by: The communication module adopts wireless communication technologies such as 5G, NB-IoT or LoRa to realize data transmission between the data acquisition module, the control module and the remote management platform, ensuring the real-time and stability of the data.

6. The integrated farmland water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized by: The remote management platform allows managers to log in to the remote management platform through a computer or mobile terminal, view farmland environmental data and equipment operating status in real time, manually set irrigation and drainage parameters, receive system alarm information, and remotely configure and manage the system.

7. An integrated farmland water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage method based on the Internet of Things, equipped with an integrated farmland water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage system based on the Internet of Things according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, data collection; S2, data analysis and decision making; S3, execution control; S4, real-time monitoring and feedback; S5. Remote management and optimization.

8. The method for integrated farmland water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage based on the Internet of Things according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S1, various sensors in the data acquisition module collect farmland soil moisture, meteorological data, and water level data in real time at a preset sampling frequency, and transmit the data to the central controller via the communication module. In S2, after receiving the data, the central controller compares and analyzes the soil moisture data with the suitable humidity range required for crop growth, combines meteorological data to predict precipitation and evaporation in the future, and also refers to water level data. If the soil moisture is below the lower limit of the suitable range and no effective precipitation is expected, the central controller generates an irrigation instruction, calculates a reasonable irrigation amount based on the soil moisture difference and the crop water requirement, and sends it to the irrigation controller. If the soil moisture is above the upper limit of the suitable range, or the water level exceeds the warning value, the central controller generates a drainage instruction, determines the drainage time and drainage amount, and sends it to the drainage controller.

9. The method for integrated farmland water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage based on the Internet of Things according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S3, upon receiving an irrigation command, the irrigation controller activates the water pump, opens the corresponding solenoid valve, and adjusts the water flow rate from the sprinkler or drip irrigation tape according to the calculated irrigation volume, providing precise irrigation. Upon receiving a drainage command, the drainage controller activates the drainage pump, opens the electric gate, and drains the field according to the determined drainage volume. In S4, during the irrigation or drainage process, the data acquisition module continuously monitors soil moisture, water level, and other data, providing real-time feedback to the central controller. The central controller uses this feedback to promptly adjust irrigation or drainage strategies to ensure that soil moisture and water levels remain within appropriate ranges. In the event of equipment failure or sensor anomalies, the system sends an alarm to the remote management platform via the communication module, alerting management personnel to address the situation promptly.

10. The method for integrated farmland water conservancy intelligent irrigation and drainage based on the Internet of Things according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the S5, managers can remotely monitor and manage the system through the remote management platform, manually adjust irrigation and drainage parameters according to actual conditions, optimize intelligent algorithms, view historical data, analyze the effects of farmland water management, and provide reference for subsequent decision-making.

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