Diversion-buffering integrated composite pipeline protection device

Abstract

The invention relates to a flow guiding-buffering integrated composite pipeline protection device, a composite buffering layer and a flow guiding and disturbing layer are sequentially arranged on the periphery of a pipeline body from inside to outside, the composite buffering layer comprises a carbon fiber fabric layer attached to the pipeline body, and the peripheral face of the carbon fiber fabric layer is coated with a closed-cell foamed aluminum layer; the flow guide turbulent flow layer comprises a flow guide pipe body, spiral ribs are arranged on the peripheral surface of the flow guide pipe body at intervals, shark-like scales are arranged on the peripheral surface of the flow guide pipe body between the adjacent spiral ribs, spiral grooves are formed in the inner side surface of the flow guide pipe body, and the spiral grooves are filled with shear thickening fluid. A water flow boundary layer is disturbed through the flow guide turbulent flow layer, the forward impact force of water flow is reduced, and the vortex-induced oscillation phenomenon of the submarine pipeline is relieved; water flow kinetic energy is converted into heat energy by shearing and thickening fluid, so that part of energy is dissipated, the impact influence of external water flow on the pipeline body is relieved through the composite buffer layer, and the service life of the pipeline body can be effectively prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of pipeline protection technology, and specifically to a pipeline protection device suitable for water conservancy projects, marine oil and gas transportation, and areas prone to geological disasters, especially a diversion-buffering integrated composite pipeline protection device with the functions of diversion, drag reduction, and impact resistance. Background Art

[0002] As the "lifeline" of offshore oil and gas fields, submarine pipelines play a very important role in the development of marine oil and gas resources. Their safe and efficient operation is an important guarantee for the normal production of offshore oil and gas fields.

[0003] However, once laid on the seabed, submarine pipelines are subject to wave and current loads, particularly in shallow waters. These loads are transmitted to the seabed through the pipeline, where they interact and reach a dynamic equilibrium among the loads, the pipeline, and the seabed soil. When the friction between the pipeline and the seabed soil and the soil's resistance are insufficient to counteract the wave and current loads, the pipeline will move laterally. When the lateral displacement exceeds a critical value, pipeline instability may occur.

[0004] Furthermore, when fluid passes through a submarine pipeline, especially when flowing transversely, vortices alternately form on either side of the pipeline, detaching from the pipeline surface. These alternating vortices generate pulsating pressures on the pipeline surface that periodically change both downstream and transversely. This pulsating pressure triggers periodic vibrations in the submarine pipeline, which in turn alters the vortex emission pattern in its wake, causing vortex-induced vibration (VIV) in the submarine pipeline. VIV in submarine pipelines can lead to stress concentration and fatigue in the pipeline, making suppressing VIV in submarine pipelines another key issue in ensuring their long-term stable operation.

[0005] Currently, the commonly used method is to add a traditional sheath (such as a steel shell) and a single buffer layer to the submarine pipeline that needs protection. Its function is to isolate the transmission pipeline from contact with external hazardous factors and cushion the impact. However, protective devices of this type of structure generally have the problems of being heavy, prone to stress concentration, unable to suppress vortex-induced vibration, and low energy consumption efficiency under high-frequency impact. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a diversion-buffering integrated composite pipeline protection device.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a diversion-buffering integrated composite pipeline protection device, the composite pipeline includes a pipeline body, and the outer periphery of the pipeline body is provided with a composite buffer layer and a diversion and spoiler layer in sequence from the inside to the outside, the composite buffer layer includes a carbon fiber fabric layer adhered to the outer periphery of the pipeline body, and the outer periphery of the carbon fiber fabric layer is covered with a closed-cell foam aluminum layer; the diversion and spoiler layer includes a diversion pipe body located on the outer layer of the closed-cell foam aluminum layer, the diversion pipe body is made of soft elastic material, spiral ribs are provided at intervals on the outer periphery of the diversion pipe body, and shark scale-like flakes are provided on the outer periphery of the diversion pipe body between adjacent spiral ribs, a spiral groove is provided on the inner side of the diversion pipe body, the spiral groove is filled with a shear thickening fluid, and an optical fiber sensor for real-time monitoring of the strain and temperature changes inside the pipeline body is pre-buried in the inner wall of the pipeline body.

[0008] Furthermore, in order to improve the sealing performance, a sealing layer covering the spiral groove is provided between the guide tube body and the closed-cell foam aluminum layer.

[0009] Preferably, the pitch of the spiral ribs is 1.2 to 2 times the diameter of the pipe body, and the rib height of the spiral ribs is 8% to 15% of the diameter of the pipe body; and the surface of the simulated shark scales is provided with parallel micro grooves.

[0010] Furthermore, the shark scale-like surface is coated with a hydrophobic coating and doped with nanosilver particles to inhibit microbial attachment. The parallel microgrooves on the shark scale-like surface guide water flow, changing the flow pattern, making the flow smoother and reducing turbulence intensity. The shark scale-like surface structure provides enhanced corrosion resistance in water, reducing direct contact between water and pipe materials, thereby reducing the rate of corrosion. Compared to traditional wave-guiding structures, the shark scale-like structure can adapt to a wider variety of fluids and different operating conditions.

[0011] Preferably, the depth of the spiral groove is 10 to 30 mm, and the shear thickening fluid can be one of SiO2-PEG based, CaCO3-silicone oil based, PMMA-silicone oil based, starch-glycerol aqueous solution based or SiO2-ionic liquid based.

[0012] The optical fiber sensor is an optical fiber Bragg grating or Brillouin scattering sensor, and the optical fiber sensor is arranged at an axial distance of 5 to 20 meters along the pipeline body.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention disrupts the water boundary layer through the outermost guide and disturbing layer of the pipeline body, reduces the forward impact force of the water flow, and thus alleviates the vortex-induced oscillation phenomenon of the submarine pipeline; the energy-consuming layer composed of shear thickening fluid converts the kinetic energy of the water into thermal energy, thereby dissipating part of the energy; and utilizes the composite buffer layer to reduce the impact of the external water flow on the pipeline body, effectively extending the service life of the pipeline body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a main structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Middle AA section view.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shark scale imitation sheet of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Pipe body, 2. Composite buffer layer, 2-1. Carbon fiber fabric layer, 2-2. Closed-cell aluminum foam layer, 3. Flow diversion and spoiler layer, 3-1. Flow diversion pipe body, 3-2. Spiral ribs, 3-3. Imitation shark scales, 3-4. Spiral grooves, 4. Shear thickening fluid, 5. Fiber optic sensor, 6. Sealing layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are simplified schematic diagrams that illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 4 The figure shows a flow-guiding and buffering integrated composite pipeline protection device. The composite pipeline includes a pipeline body 1 made of duplex stainless steel. The inner wall of the pipeline body 1 is pre-buried with an optical fiber sensor 5 for real-time monitoring of strain and temperature changes inside the pipeline. The optical fiber sensor 5 is a fiber Bragg grating sensor. During installation, the optical fiber sensor 5 is arranged at an axial spacing of 15m along the pipeline body 1.

[0022] The outer circumference of the pipe body 1 is provided with a composite buffer layer 2 and a flow guide and spoiler layer 3 from the inside to the outside. The composite buffer layer 2 includes a carbon fiber fabric layer 2-1 tightly fitted to the outer circumference of the pipe body 1, and the outer circumference of the carbon fiber fabric layer 2-1 is covered with a closed-cell foam aluminum layer 2-2; the composite buffer layer 2 is used to reduce the impact of external water flow on the pipe body 1, ensure the normal operation of the pipe body 1, and extend the service life of the pipe body 1.

[0023] The flow-guiding and flow-disturbing layer 3 includes a flow-guiding pipe body 3-1 located on the outer layer of the closed-cell foam aluminum layer 2-2. Spiral ribs 3-2 are arranged on the outer circumference of the flow-guiding pipe body 3-1 at intervals. The pitch of the spiral ribs 3-2 is 1.5 times the diameter of the pipeline body 1, and the rib height of the spiral ribs 3-2 is 12.5% of the diameter of the pipeline body 1. Shark-like scales 3-3 are provided on the outer circumference of the flow-guiding pipe body 3-1 between adjacent spiral ribs 3-2. The spiral ribs 3-2 are used to disrupt the boundary layer of the water flow and reduce the forward impact force of the water flow, thereby alleviating the vortex-induced vibration phenomenon of the submarine pipeline and reducing the stress concentration and fatigue problems of the pipeline. Parallel micro-grooves are arranged on the surface of the shark-like scales 3-3 to guide the water flow and reduce the turbulence intensity. At the same time, the surface of the shark-like scales 3-3 is coated with a hydrophobic coating and doped with nano-silver particles to inhibit the attachment of microorganisms in seawater and extend the service life of the pipeline.

[0024] The flow guide tube 3-1 is made of a soft elastic material. Its inner surface is defined by a spiral groove 3-4, which is 20 mm deep. The groove is filled with a shear-thickening fluid 4. The fluid can be SiO-PEG-based, CaCO3-silicone oil-based, PMMA-silicone oil-based, starch-glycerol aqueous solution-based, or SiO2-ionic liquid-based, preferably SiO-PEG-based. The shear-thickening fluid 4 forms the energy-dissipating layer of the protective device. When impacted by water flow, its viscosity increases, converting the water flow's kinetic energy into heat, thereby dissipating some of the energy and reducing the impact of the water flow on the pipe body 1.

[0025] A sealing layer 6 covering the spiral groove 3-4 is provided between the flow guide pipe body 3-1 and the closed-cell foam aluminum layer 2-2.

[0026] The pipeline body 1 can be manufactured in sections, and each section of the pipeline can be prefabricated as a standard pipeline module to facilitate modular splicing. Different pipeline modules are connected by flanges, and a guide structure interface is reserved at the flange connection to ensure continuity.

[0027] When the above-mentioned protective device is in use, the guide and spoiler layer 3 is used to disrupt the water boundary layer, reduce the vortex-induced oscillation phenomenon in the pipeline, and can play a certain degree of protective effect when there is an impact from foreign objects; the composite buffer layer 3 and the shear thickening fluid 4 can reduce the impact of external water flow on the pipeline body 1.

[0028] When disasters such as onshore or submarine landslides occur, the seawater experiences violent motion, impacting the submarine pipeline. As the water flows through the pipeline's main body 1, it encounters the diversion and turbulence layer 3. The spiral ribs 3-2 disrupt the water's boundary layer, mimicking vortex-induced oscillations (VIOs) within the pipeline. The shark-scale-like fins 3-3 guide the water flow and reduce turbulence intensity. When the water impacts the submarine pipeline, the shear-thickening fluid 4 within the inner spiral grooves 3-4, an energy-dissipating layer, increases in viscosity, converting the kinetic energy of the water impact into heat, dissipating some of the energy and mitigating the impact of the water on the pipeline main body 1. Simultaneously, the composite buffer layer 2 cushions the impact of the water, minimizing its impact on the pipeline main body 1. Fiber optic sensors within the pipeline main body 1 also monitor strain and temperature in real time, enabling timely detection of damaging impacts and minimizing losses.

[0029] The present invention relates to an integrated diversion and buffering composite pipeline protection device. From the outer layer to the inner layer of the pipeline, the diversion and buffering work in a three-level synergistic manner. The outermost layer is a first-level diversion + buffer layer, which has diversion, wave breaking, anti-corrosion and buffering functions, converting the kinetic energy of the water body into heat energy for dissipation. The second buffer layer is a closed-cell foam aluminum layer 2-2, which further attenuates the kinetic energy. The innermost carbon fiber fabric layer 2-1 is a third-level buffer layer. The synergistic effect of the three-level diversion and buffering can minimize the destructive effect of water flow impact on the pipeline.

[0030] With the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention as a guide, and with reference to the above description, relevant personnel are fully capable of making various changes and modifications without departing from the technical scope of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A flow diversion and buffering integrated composite pipeline protection device, characterized by: The composite pipe comprises a pipe body (1), the outer periphery of the pipe body (1) is provided with a composite buffer layer (2) and a flow-guiding and flow-disturbing layer (3) in sequence from the inside to the outside, the composite buffer layer (2) comprises a carbon fiber fabric layer (2-1) adhered to the outer periphery of the pipe body (1), the outer periphery of the carbon fiber fabric layer (2-1) is covered with a closed-cell foam aluminum layer (2-2); the flow-guiding and flow-disturbing layer (3) comprises a flow-guiding pipe body (3-1) located on the outer layer of the closed-cell foam aluminum layer (2-2), and the flow-guiding and flow-disturbing layer (3) comprises a flow-guiding pipe body (3-1) located on the outer layer of the closed-cell foam aluminum layer (2-2). Spiral ribs (3-2) are provided at intervals on the outer circumference of the pipe body (3-1); shark scale-like flakes (3-3) are provided on the outer circumference of the flow guide pipe body (3-1) between adjacent spiral ribs (3-2); spiral grooves (3-4) are provided on the inner side surface of the flow guide pipe body (3-1); the spiral grooves (3-4) are filled with a shear thickening fluid (4); and an optical fiber sensor (5) for real-time monitoring of strain and temperature changes inside the pipe body (1) is pre-buried in the inner wall of the pipe body (1).

2. The integrated flow diversion and buffering composite pipeline protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing layer (6) covering the spiral groove (3-4) is provided between the flow guide pipe body (3-1) and the closed-cell foam aluminum layer (2-2).

3. The integrated flow diversion and buffering composite pipeline protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch of the spiral ribs (3-2) is 1.2 to 2 times the diameter of the pipe body (1), and the rib height of the spiral ribs (3-2) is 8% to 15% of the diameter of the pipe body (1); the surface of the shark scale-like flakes (3-3) is provided with parallel micro grooves.

4. The integrated flow diversion and buffering composite pipeline protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the shark scale imitation flake (3-3) is coated with a hydrophobic coating and doped with nano silver particles to inhibit the attachment of microorganisms.

5. The integrated flow diversion and buffering composite pipeline protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the spiral groove (3-4) is 10 to 30 mm, and the shear thickening fluid (4) can be selected from one of SiO2-PEG base, CaCO3-silicone oil base, PMMA-silicone oil base, starch-glycerol aqueous solution base, and SiO2-ionic liquid base.

6. The integrated flow diversion and buffering composite pipeline protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber sensor (5) is an optical fiber Bragg grating or Brillouin scattering sensor, and the optical fiber sensor (5) is arranged at an axial distance of 5 to 20 m along the pipeline body (1).

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