Water quality pollution monitoring device
Through the integrated water quality pollution monitoring device with automatic sampling and real-time reagent addition, the problem that traditional equipment cannot accurately detect complex water quality is solved, and efficient and accurate detection of multiple water quality parameters is achieved. It is highly adaptable and suitable for various water areas and provides real-time data support.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510470840.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-08
AI Technical Summary
Traditional water quality pollution monitoring equipment cannot accurately detect important indicators that require chemical reagents to participate in the reaction, such as heavy metal content and nutrient concentration, and cannot meet the diverse water quality testing needs, resulting in insufficient assessment of complex water quality conditions and affecting the formulation of environmental management strategies.
A water quality pollution monitoring device is designed, integrating automatic sampling and real-time reagent addition functions. The depth of the sampling and detection mechanism is controlled by the traction mechanism. The rotation operation of the inner cylinder and the inner core cylinder is achieved precise monitoring. The detection chamber on the inner core cylinder can be opened and closed, and combined with the addition of specific reagents, a single cavity and a single reagent detection is realized.
Accurate monitoring of different water layers has been achieved, the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the detection results have been improved, manual intervention has been reduced, and various water environments have been adapted to real-time data feedback, and the environmental protection department has been supported to take timely measures.
Smart Images
Figure CN120446413A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water pollution monitoring, and particularly relates to a water pollution monitoring device. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, water pollution is becoming increasingly serious, posing a major threat to human health, ecosystems, and economic development. Therefore, water pollution monitoring has become particularly important. It not only enables timely detection of the presence and concentration changes of pollutants, but also provides a scientific basis for taking effective control measures. Ignoring water pollution monitoring can lead to serious consequences, including but not limited to threats to the safety of drinking water sources, reductions in aquatic biodiversity, and economic losses in water-dependent industries such as fisheries and tourism.
[0003] However, traditional water pollution monitoring equipment mostly relies on probes to directly detect water quality parameters. While this method can quickly obtain some basic data, such as temperature and pH, it cannot accurately detect important indicators that require chemical reagents to react (such as heavy metal content and nutrient concentration). This limitation makes it difficult to provide comprehensive and accurate data support when faced with complex water pollution conditions. For example, when assessing the presence and concentration levels of trace harmful substances in water bodies, the lack of effective chemical analysis methods will directly limit the understanding of the true state of water quality, thereby affecting the ability of environmental management departments to formulate targeted governance strategies.
[0004] Furthermore, because traditional monitoring methods cannot meet the diverse needs of water quality testing, their results often only reflect local or superficial information, while ignoring potential factors that could cause long-term damage to the ecosystem. For example, low-concentration heavy metal pollution that has not been detected for a long time may gradually accumulate, eventually reaching a critical point that threatens the survival of aquatic organisms and human health. Similarly, if the problem of excessive nutrients caused by agricultural runoff is not monitored and measures are not taken in a timely and accurate manner, it will trigger algae blooms, causing eutrophication of water bodies, seriously affecting the ecological balance of the water body, and causing irreversible losses to related industries. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In response to the defects and problems of existing water pollution monitoring devices, the present invention provides a water pollution monitoring device with a unique structure and ingenious design. It aims to achieve efficient and accurate detection of multiple water quality parameters by integrating functions such as automatic sampling and real-time reagent addition, providing a scientific basis for water resource protection and pollution control.
[0006] The solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a water pollution monitoring device, including a float, a control box, an outer tube and a control unit, the control box is installed on the top of the float, and a traction mechanism connected to the control unit is provided in the control box; the outer tube is vertically installed at the bottom of the float, and a sampling detection mechanism is accommodated in the outer tube, and the sampling detection mechanism includes a hanging box, an inner tube, a motor box, a reagent supply mechanism and an inner core tube with upper and lower ends blocked, the hanging box is vertically slidably inserted into the outer tube, and the top of the hanging box is connected to the traction end of the traction mechanism; the inner tube is installed at the bottom of the hanging box, and the front and rear side walls of the inner tube are symmetrically provided with strip-shaped external water-permeable windows; the motor box is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner tube. , and a motor connected to the control unit is provided in the motor box; a plurality of detection cavities are vertically provided inside the inner core cylinder, and inner water-permeable windows are symmetrically provided on the left and right side walls of the detection cavity, the inner core cylinder is matched and rotatably installed in the inner cylinder, and is connected to the motor transmission. When the outer water-permeable windows on the front and rear sides of the inner cylinder are blocked and sealed by the outer wall of the inner core cylinder, the inner water-permeable windows on the left and right sides of all the detection cavities are blocked and sealed by the inner wall of the inner cylinder; a water quality detection probe connected to the control unit is installed in the detection cavity; a plurality of drug discharge holes are vertically spaced on the inner wall of one side of the inner cylinder for blocking the water-permeable window on one side of the detection cavity, and the outer orifice of the drug discharge hole is connected to the drug discharge end of the reagent supply mechanism, and the drug discharge holes correspond to the detection cavities one by one.
[0007] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The water pollution monitoring device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Precise depth monitoring: By controlling the lowering depth of the sampling and detection mechanism through the traction mechanism, accurate monitoring of the water quality of different water layers can be achieved, which helps to fully understand the overall water quality of the water area.
[0008] 2. Efficient sample collection and cleaning: The detection chamber on the inner core barrel can be opened and closed by rotating, and when opened, water can flow directly through the inner and outer water-permeable windows to ensure that samples before and after each detection cycle will not contaminate each other, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results.
[0009] 3. Targeted reagent addition: According to different detection indicators, a specific type of detection reagent is added to each detection chamber to achieve the goal of adding a single reagent to a single chamber to detect a single indicator. This method makes the detection more accurate.
[0010] 4. High degree of automation: The entire sampling, testing and data transmission process is automatically completed by the control system, which reduces manual intervention, improves work efficiency, and also reduces errors caused by human factors.
[0011] 5. Strong adaptability: The device is flexible in design and suitable for various types of water environments, whether rivers, lakes or oceans, and can effectively perform water quality monitoring tasks.
[0012] 6. Real-time data feedback: Water quality test results can be sent to the testing center in real time, so that the environmental protection department can promptly grasp the changes in water quality and quickly take corresponding protection measures or treatment plans. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.
[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the floating body of the present invention.
[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the control box of the present invention.
[0016] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the sampling and detection mechanism of the present invention.
[0017] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hanging box of the present invention.
[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the inner cylinder structure of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inner core tube of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 8 This is a view of the connection frame of the control unit of the present invention.
[0021] The numbers in the figure are: 1 is the float, 11 is the control box, 12 is the traction hole, 2 is the outer cylinder, 21 is the pressure equalizing window, 3 is the sampling and detection mechanism, 31 is the inner cylinder, 311 is the outer water-permeable window, 312 is the medicine discharge hole, 32 is the hanging box, 321 is the box cover, 322 is the box body, 33 is the motor box, 34 is the drainage pipe, 4 is the inner core cylinder, 42 is the cylinder shaft, 43 is the partition, 44 is the detection chamber, 45 is the second conductive ring, 46 is the water quality detection probe, 47 is the inner water-permeable window, 5 is the traction mechanism, 51 is the winch, 52 is the guide wheel, 53 is the first conductive ring, 54 is the reel, and 6 is the hollow traction rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. Example
[0023] In response to the problems raised in the above background technology, this embodiment provides a water pollution monitoring device with a unique structure and ingenious design. Figure 1-8 As shown, it includes a float 1, a control box 11, an outer tube 2 and a control unit. The control box 11 is fixedly installed on the top of the float 1. During the use of the water pollution monitoring device, the control box 11 uses the float 1 to float on the water surface and will not be immersed in the water.
[0024] The control box 11 is provided with a traction mechanism 5 connected to the control unit, which is used to control the lifting and lowering of the sampling and detection mechanism 3. The outer cylinder 2 is vertically installed at the bottom of the float 1. There are many ways to fix the outer cylinder 2 to the float 1, for example: a flange is welded on the top of the outer cylinder 2, and a connecting plate is fixed to the bottom of the float 1. The flange on the top of the outer cylinder is fixed to the connecting plate by bolts.
[0025] The outer tube 2 contains a sampling and detection mechanism 3, which is controlled and connected to the control unit. The controller can perform water quality sampling and detection by adding reagents for detection through the sampling and detection mechanism 3; the sampling and detection mechanism 3 includes a hanging box 32, an inner tube 31, a motor box 33, a reagent supply mechanism and an inner core tube 4 with upper and lower ends blocked. The hanging box 32 is vertically slidably inserted into the outer tube, and the top of the hanging box 32 is connected to the traction end of the traction mechanism 5. The control system can control the lifting and lowering of the hanging box through the traction mechanism 5, so that the sampling and detection mechanism 3 extends downward from the outer tube and descends to any water depth.
[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the traction mechanism 5 includes a winch 51 and a guide wheel 52. A traction hole 12 is vertically provided in the control box 11, which passes through the floating body 1 downward and connects with the outer cylinder 2. The winch 51 is installed in the control box 11 on one side of the traction hole 12 and is connected to the control unit. A hollow traction rope 6 is wound on the winding shaft of the winch 51. The traction end of the hollow traction rope 6 is guided by the guide wheel through the traction hole and fixedly connected to the top of the hanging box. When the control unit controls the winch to wind up the idle traction rope 6, it will synchronously control the lifting and lowering of the hanging box.
[0027] The hanging box includes a box body 321 fixedly connected to the inner tube, and a box cover 321 is sealed on the top of the box body 322. The box cover 321 is fixedly connected to the traction end of the hollow traction rope of the traction mechanism, and the top of the box cover 321 is conical, which can effectively prevent the sampling and detection mechanism from being offset and pressed against the bottom of the outer tube 2 when the sampling and detection mechanism is lifted and stored in the outer tube 2, and cannot be lifted and stored in the outer tube 2.
[0028] The outer diameter of the hanging box is larger than the outer diameter of the inner tube 32 , so when the hanging box is lifted to accommodate the sampling and detection mechanism 2 into the outer tube 2 , it can effectively avoid the inner tube 31 and the outer tube 2 from contacting and colliding.
[0029] The inner tube 31 is coaxially installed at the bottom of the hanging box 32, and the outer ring surface diameter of the inner tube 31 is smaller than the outer ring surface diameter of the hanging box 32. The front and rear side walls of the inner tube 31 are symmetrically provided with strip-shaped external water-permeable windows 311; the motor box 33 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner tube, and a motor connected to the control unit is provided in the motor box 33. There are many types of motors. The motor in this embodiment adopts a waterproof stepping motor, and the control unit can control the motor shaft to rotate at a fixed angle.
[0030] like Figure 7As shown, a plurality of detection chambers 44 are vertically provided inside the inner core tube 4, and the number of detection chambers is the same as the number of important indicators. For example, the water pollution monitoring device provided in this embodiment is used to monitor the content of heavy metals, nutrient concentration, dissolved oxygen and cyanide in water, so four detection chambers 44 are provided. There are many ways to set the detection chamber 44. Specifically, in this embodiment, three partitions 43 are vertically spaced inside the inner core tube, and the partitions seal the internal space of the inner core tube from top to bottom into four detection chambers. In this embodiment, the volume of the detection chamber matches the amount of water sample required for the detection of the corresponding indicator. For example, the first detection chamber is used to detect the content of heavy metals in water quality, and the water sample required for the detection is 600ml. The second detection chamber is used to detect the concentration of nutrient salts in water quality, and the water sample required for the detection is 800ml. Then the volume of the first detection chamber is 600ml, and the volume of the second detection chamber is 800ml.
[0031] The left and right side walls of the detection chamber are symmetrically provided with inner water-permeable windows 47. The opening angles of the outer water-permeable windows and the inner water-permeable windows are the same, both less than 90°. The inner core tube is matched and rotatably installed in the inner tube and is connected to the motor transmission. The outer ring wall of the inner core tube 4 is in contact with and sealed against the inner ring wall of the inner tube 31. The control unit can drive the inner core tube 4 to rotate at a fixed angle in the inner tube 31 through the motor. When the outer water-permeable windows on the front and rear sides of the inner tube are blocked by the outer wall of the inner core tube, all the inner water-permeable windows on the left and right sides of the detection chamber are blocked by the inner wall of the inner tube. Specifically: like Figure 7 As shown, the middle part of the inner core tube 4 is coaxially fixed with a cylinder shaft 42, which is a hollow shaft and seals through the detection cavity. The top of the motor box 33 and the bottom of the hanging box 33 are both provided with shaft holes, which are coaxially arranged with the inner core tube 4. The bottom end of the cylinder shaft 42 extends downward through the shaft hole into the motor box 33 and is connected to the motor transmission. The top end of the cylinder shaft 42 extends into the hanging box. The control system can drive the inner core tube to rotate at a fixed angle through the motor to synchronously control the opening and closing of all the detection cavities, and when the detection cavity is opened, that is, Figure 4 The inner water-permeable windows 47 on the left and right sides of each detection cavity overlap with the outer water-permeable windows on the front and rear sides of the inner cylinder 31, so that water can directly pass through the detection cavity, thereby ensuring the consistency of the collected samples.
[0032] A water quality detection probe connected to the control unit is installed in the detection chamber. Four drug discharge holes 312 are vertically spaced along the inner wall of one side of the inner cylinder for blocking the water-permeable window on one side of the detection chamber. The outer openings of the drug discharge holes are connected to the drug discharge end of the reagent supply mechanism. The drug discharge holes correspond to the detection chambers one by one. When the outer water-permeable windows on the front and rear sides of the inner cylinder are blocked by the outer wall of the inner core cylinder, and the inner water-permeable windows on the left and right sides of all the detection chambers are blocked by the inner wall of the inner cylinder, the drug discharge holes overlap with the corresponding water-permeable windows in the detection chamber, thereby connecting with the detection chamber in the closed state at the same height through the inner water-permeable windows.
[0033] The water quality indicators detected by the water quality detection probe in each detection cavity are different. In this embodiment, the water quality detection probes in the four detection cavities are respectively used to detect the heavy metal content, nutrient salt concentration, dissolved oxygen content and cyanide content of the water quality. The type of detection reagent discharged into the detection cavity through the discharge hole by the reagent supply mechanism matches the type of water quality indicator detected by the water quality detection probe in the detection cavity. Specifically: the reagent supply mechanism includes 4 reagent barrels installed in the hanging box, and the reagent barrels correspond to the detection cavities one by one. A discharge port is provided at the bottom of the reagent barrel, and an electric valve is installed to match it. The discharge end of the electric valve is connected to the corresponding discharge hole through a drain pipe 34. The reagent stored in the reagent barrel matches the type of water quality indicator detected by the water quality detection probe in the connected detection cavity. The electric valve is controlled and connected to the control unit for controlling the amount of reagent added. Since the reagent barrel is located above the detection cavity, when the electric valve is opened, the reagent in the reagent barrel will flow downward into the corresponding detection cavity by gravity.
[0034] Preferably, the discharge port at the bottom of each reagent barrel is matched with a discharge pump connected to the control unit, and an electric valve is installed at the discharge end of the discharge pump. The discharge end of the electric valve is connected to the corresponding discharge hole through a discharge pipe 34. The discharge pump sucks the reagent in the reagent barrel into the detection chamber to ensure a stable supply of the reagent.
[0035] The water quality detection probe in each detection cavity is connected to the control unit through the internal space of the cylinder shaft. Specifically: Figure 5 As shown, a second conductive ring 45 is matched and installed on the top of the cylindrical shaft 42 in the hanging box 32, and the water quality detection probes 46 in each detection cavity are fixedly installed on the cylindrical shaft 42 in the corresponding detection cavity, and the control lines of the water quality detection probes 46 are extended into the cylindrical shaft, and extend upward through the inside of the cylindrical shaft to be connected to the rotor end of the second conductive ring, and the stator end of the second conductive ring is connected to the control unit.
[0036] The control unit includes a controller, a battery, and a wireless transceiver module installed in a control box. The controller is concentrically connected to the monitoring center through the wireless transceiver module and is used to transmit detection data to the monitoring center. The battery is electrically connected to the controller to provide power for the device to operate. The motor, water quality detection probe, and reagent supply mechanism are all connected to the controller. Wires are provided in the hollow traction rope. The motor, water quality detection probe, and reagent supply mechanism are all connected to the control unit through the wires in the hollow traction rope. Specifically: An electric wire is provided in the hollow traction rope. The winding shaft 54 of the winch is a hollow shaft. One end of the winding shaft of the winch extends outward from the frame of the winch and is installed with a first conductive ring 53. The end of the electric wire at the tail end of the traction rope extends into the winding shaft of the winch and is connected to the control unit through the first conductive ring. The end of the electric wire at the traction end of the traction rope extends into the hanging box and is connected to the motor, water quality detection probe and reagent supply mechanism, that is, the control line of the motor passes upward through the motor box 33 and extends into the hanging box 32 to be connected to the electric wire. The stator end of the second conductive ring in the hanging box 32 is connected to the electric wire in the hanging box, and the electric valves at the discharge port of each reagent barrel are connected to the electric wire.
[0037] When in use, after the water pollution monitoring device provided by this embodiment is placed in the monitored water area, the float of the device will float on the water surface, and the outer cylinder at the bottom of the float will be immersed in water. The controller of the control unit will lower the sampling detection mechanism to the corresponding depth through the traction mechanism according to the pre-set detection water depth, and then the controller of the control unit will control the sampling detection mechanism to perform sampling detection. First, the controller will control the motor to drive the inner core tube to rotate at a fixed angle, so that the two inner water-permeable windows of the detection cavity on the inner core tube overlap with the two outer water-permeable windows of the inner barrel respectively, and each detection cavity is opened to collect water samples. When the detection cavity is opened, the water flow can directly pass through the detection cavity through the two inner water-permeable windows to flush the detection cavity, thereby preventing the previous round of detection liquid in the detection cavity from being uncleanly discharged and having residues; when the detection cavity is opened After the preset time ends, the control system controls the motor to drive the inner core tube to reverse and reset to close the detection chamber, completing the water sample collection. After the detection chamber is closed, the controller will control the drug supply mechanism to put the corresponding type of detection reagent into each detection chamber. After the detection reagent and the water sample are fully combined and reacted, the control system detects the corresponding water quality index through the water quality detection probe and sends the water quality detection results to the detection center. The monitoring center can evaluate the water quality status, identify potential pollution sources, and formulate effective governance strategies based on the water quality detection results. Compared with the existing water pollution monitoring device, the water pollution monitoring device provided by this embodiment integrates automatic sampling, precise depth control and real-time addition of specific detection reagents, etc., to achieve efficient and accurate detection of multiple water quality parameters. It can not only accurately monitor the depth of different water layers according to needs, but also ensure the efficiency of the sample collection and cleaning process. A single chamber adds a single reagent to detect a single indicator, which can effectively avoid cross contamination and improve detection accuracy. In addition, for complex water quality environments, the device can achieve high-precision detection by adding specific reagents, solving the problem that traditional equipment relies solely on direct detection with probes and cannot comprehensively assess water quality. It greatly improves the comprehensiveness and reliability of water quality monitoring and provides strong data support for timely and effective water resource protection and pollution control measures.
[0038] It should be understood that the above-mentioned specific embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate or explain the principles of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. For example: an outer shell is coaxially sleeved outside the inner cylinder to protect the pipeline arranged on the outside of the inner cylinder, and the upper and lower ends of the outer shell are respectively connected to the hanging box and the motor box, and a window matching the outer water-permeable window is provided on the outer shell to allow water to flow through. In addition, the claims attached to the present invention are intended to cover all changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundaries of the attached claims, or the equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.
Claims
1. A water pollution monitoring device, characterized in that: It includes a float, a control box, an outer tube and a control unit, the control box is installed on the top of the float, and a traction mechanism connected to the control unit is provided in the control box; the outer tube is vertically installed at the bottom of the float, and a sampling detection mechanism is accommodated in the outer tube, and the sampling detection mechanism includes a hanging box, an inner tube, a motor box, a reagent supply mechanism and an inner core tube with upper and lower ends blocked, the hanging box is vertically slidably inserted in the outer tube, and the top of the hanging box is connected to the traction end of the traction mechanism; the inner tube is installed at the bottom of the hanging box, and strip-shaped external water-permeable windows are symmetrically provided on the front and rear side walls of the inner tube; the motor box is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner tube, and a strip-shaped external water-permeable window is provided in the motor box connected to the motor; a plurality of detection chambers are vertically provided inside the inner core tube, and inner water-permeable windows are symmetrically provided on the left and right side walls of the detection chamber. The inner core tube is matched and rotatably installed in the inner tube and is connected to the motor transmission. When the outer water-permeable windows on the front and rear sides of the inner tube are blocked and blocked by the outer wall of the inner core tube, the inner water-permeable windows on the left and right sides of all the detection chambers are blocked and blocked by the inner wall of the inner tube; a water quality detection probe connected to the control unit is installed in the detection chamber; a plurality of drug discharge holes are vertically spaced on the inner wall of one side of the inner tube for blocking the water-permeable window on one side of the detection chamber, and the outer orifice of the drug discharge hole is connected to the drug discharge end of the reagent supply mechanism, and the drug discharge holes correspond to the detection chambers one by one.
2. The water pollution monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening angles of the outer water permeable window and the inner water permeable window are the same, both less than 90°.
3. The water pollution monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit includes a controller, a battery and a wireless transceiver module installed in a control box. The controller is concentrically connected to the monitoring center through the wireless transceiver module. The battery is electrically connected to the controller. The motor, water quality detection probe and reagent supply mechanism are all connected to the controller.
4. The water pollution monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water quality indicators detected by the water quality detection probe in each detection cavity are different, and the type of detection reagent discharged into the detection cavity through the discharge hole by the reagent supply mechanism matches the type of water quality indicator detected by the water quality detection probe in the detection cavity.
5. The water pollution monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reagent supply mechanism includes multiple reagent barrels installed in the hanging box, the reagent barrels correspond one-to-one to the detection chamber, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the reagent barrel, and an electric valve is installed to match it. The discharge end of the electric valve is connected to the corresponding discharge hole through a discharge pipe; the electric valve is control-connected to the control unit for controlling the amount of reagent added.
6. The water pollution monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner core tube is provided with n partitions at intervals along the vertical direction, and the partitions seal and separate the inner space of the inner core tube from top to bottom into n+1 detection cavities.
7. The water pollution monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylinder shaft is fixedly mounted coaxially in the middle of the inner core cylinder. The cylinder shaft is a hollow shaft. The bottom end of the cylinder shaft extends downward into the motor box and is connected to the motor transmission. The top end of the cylinder shaft extends into the hanging box. The water quality detection probe in each detection cavity is connected to the control unit through the internal space of the cylinder shaft.
8. The water pollution monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second conductive ring is matched and installed on the top of the cylinder shaft in the hanging box. The control line of each water quality detection probe extends upward through the inside of the cylinder shaft and is connected to the rotor end of the second conductive ring. The stator end of the second conductive ring is connected to the control unit.
9. The water pollution monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction mechanism includes a winch and a guide wheel. A traction hole is vertically provided in the control box, which passes through the float downward and connects to the outer cylinder. The winch is installed in the control box on one side of the traction hole and is connected to the control unit. A hollow traction rope is wound on the winding shaft of the winch. The traction end of the hollow traction rope is guided by the guide wheel through the traction hole and is fixedly connected to the top of the hanging box. An electric wire is provided in the hollow traction rope. The motor, water quality detection probe and reagent supply mechanism are all connected to the control unit through the electric wires in the hollow traction rope.