Anti-dazzle film, manufacturing method thereof and display device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of display, and discloses an anti-dazzle film and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device, the anti-dazzle film comprises a base material layer and a pattern layer arranged on the surface of the base material layer; the pattern layer comprises a plurality of light-transmitting parts and a plurality of shielding parts; wherein the light-transmitting parts and the shielding parts are distributed in a regular manner; the shielding part is of a three-dimensional structure formed by resin containing shielding particles, and the shielding particles are mainly enriched in the light incident surface side area of the shielding part; the light incident surface of the shielding part is in the shape of a spherical surface or an ellipsoid, and the curvature radius of the light incident surface is 10-100 microns; the shielding particles have a particle size of 0.5 [mu] m to 5.0 [mu] m and a refractive index of 1.60 to 1.75. Through the directional enrichment configuration of the shielding particles on the light incident surface side, the anti-dazzle performance is greatly enhanced on the premise of maintaining high light transmittance, and the defects that an existing non-directional distribution material is low in dazzle suppression efficiency and poor in directivity are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of display, in particular to an anti-glare film and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of technology, various high-performance film materials have been widely used in fields such as optics, electronics, and automobiles. Anti-glare film, as one of the most important functional film materials, is widely used in vehicles, display screens, and architecture due to its ability to effectively reduce glare and improve visibility. To improve the performance of anti-glare films, researchers typically use techniques such as particle filling and UV curing to optimize the film's optical properties by adjusting factors such as particle morphology, size, and distribution.

[0003] Currently, existing anti-glare film technologies primarily focus on enhancing the film's optical scattering effect by adding particles of varying morphologies. For example, spherical particles can improve the film's light transmittance, while flaky particles can help increase the shielding angle. However, these existing technologies suffer from significant shortcomings. For example, while flaky particles can effectively increase the shielding angle, their morphology can lead to uneven distribution within the resin, which in turn affects the film's optical performance. This makes it difficult to balance the film's light transmittance and shielding effect in some applications, resulting in significant performance fluctuations.

[0004] Furthermore, traditional particle addition methods and UV curing technologies also have limitations. For example, the particle shape and size are difficult to precisely control, and particles tend to accumulate or become unevenly distributed during the curing process, resulting in irregularities in the film's microstructure. This can make the film's anti-glare effect less stable. Furthermore, existing curing technologies often rely on full irradiation, lacking targeted adjustments. This results in an unstable overall structure of the cured film, impacting the final optical effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an anti-glare film and a method for manufacturing the same, as well as a display device, which solve the problems of the prior art in terms of particle morphology, distribution control, and curing process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an anti-glare film, the anti-glare film comprising a substrate layer and a pattern layer arranged on the surface thereof; The pattern layer includes a plurality of light-transmitting portions and a plurality of shielding portions; wherein the light-transmitting portion and the shielding portion are distributed in a regular manner; The shielding portion is a three-dimensional structure formed of a resin containing shielding particles, and the shielding particles are mainly concentrated in a region on a light incident surface side of the shielding portion.

[0007] Through the above technical solution: the base material layer of the film provides a supporting structure, and the pattern layer uses the distribution of particles to control the propagation path of light through the reasonable configuration of the translucent part and the shielding part, so as to achieve the effect of reducing glare and improving visual clarity. In addition, the translucent part and the shielding part in the pattern layer are distributed in a regular manner. This arrangement helps to maintain a certain transmittance while effectively blocking excessive light through the presence of the shielding part to avoid strong glare. Not only does it improve the functionality of the film layer, but it can also maintain a relatively uniform optical effect at multiple angles. It is worth noting that the shielding part uses a resin containing shielding particles. These particles are mainly concentrated in the area on the side of the light incident surface. This ensures that the particles can form a good light scattering effect in a specific area, thereby optimizing the anti-glare performance of the film.

[0008] Preferably, the light incident surface of the shielding portion is in a spherical or ellipsoidal shape, with a curvature radius of 10 micrometers to 100 micrometers.

[0009] Preferably, the shielding particles have a particle size of 0.5 μm to 5.0 μm and a refractive index of 1.60 to 1.75; The resin constituting the shielding portion has a refractive index of 1.35 to 1.42.

[0010] Preferably, the structural arrangement period of the pattern layer is 10 microns to 200 microns, and the opening ratio of the light-transmitting portion is 30% to 70%.

[0011] A method for manufacturing an anti-glare film comprises the following steps: S1. performing surface modification on the shielding particles to obtain a particle material with lower surface energy; S2, dispersing the modified shielding particles in a low-refractive-index resin to prepare a shielding resin mixture; S3, providing a template with a concave structure, and applying the masking resin mixture on the surface of the template; S4, attaching the template to the surface of the substrate, and locally pre-curing the corresponding area of the shielding portion, so that the shielding particles tend to be enriched on the light incident side of the three-dimensional structure; S5. Fill the remaining cavity of the pre-cured structure with transparent resin and fully cure it to form an anti-glare film with a pattern layer.

[0012] Preferably, the shielding particles in S1 are modified with fluorine-containing silane, the treatment temperature is 25° C. to 100° C., and the treatment time is 0.5 hour to 24 hours.

[0013] Preferably, the structural period of the template in S3 is 10 microns to 200 microns, and the curvature radius of the concave structure is 10 microns to 100 microns.

[0014] Preferably, the S4 uses 365 nm ultraviolet light for local curing with a light intensity of 50 mW / cm 2 Up to 300mW / cm 2 , the irradiation time is 10 seconds to 60 seconds.

[0015] Preferably, the refractive index of the S5 transparent resin is 1.48 to 1.53, and the filling is performed by spin coating at a spin coating speed of 500 rpm to 3000 rpm.

[0016] A display device comprises a display panel and an anti-glare film, wherein the anti-glare film is attached to the light emitting surface side of the display panel.

[0017] The present invention provides an anti-glare film, a method for manufacturing the same, and a display device. The invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention achieves a significant enhancement of anti-glare performance while maintaining high light transmittance by directional enrichment of shielding particles on the light incident side, overcoming the low glare suppression efficiency and poor directionality of existing non-directional distribution materials.

[0018] 2. The present invention adopts a three-dimensional structural design of the shielding part with spherical or ellipsoidal curvature, which significantly improves the diffusion ability of incident light interference and breaks through the limitation of traditional flat shielding structures that cannot achieve multi-angle softening of glare.

[0019] 3. The present invention introduces a combined process of local pre-curing and full curing to construct a pattern layer with both precise particle migration and structural stability, solving the problems of severe particle drift and unclear structural morphology in existing resin curing.

[0020] 4. The present invention utilizes the interfacial migration characteristics of low surface energy particles to spontaneously construct a shielding structure without the need for complex templates or alignment system support, significantly simplifying the process and breaking through the traditional anti-glare film's dependence on high-precision processing equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the preparation steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please see the attached Figure 1 The present invention provides an anti-glare film, which includes a substrate layer and a pattern layer arranged on the surface of the substrate layer; The pattern layer includes a plurality of light-transmitting portions and a plurality of shielding portions. The structural arrangement period of the pattern layer is 10 microns to 200 microns, and the opening ratio of the light-transmitting portion is 30% to 70%. The light-transmitting parts and the shielding parts are distributed in a regular manner; The shielding portion is a three-dimensional structure composed of a resin containing shielding particles. The shielding particles are mainly concentrated in the area on one side of the light incident surface of the shielding portion. The light incident surface of the shielding portion is spherical or ellipsoidal in shape with a curvature radius of 10 to 100 microns. The shielding particles have a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 microns and a refractive index of 1.60 to 1.75. The refractive index of the resin constituting the shielding portion is 1.35 to 1.42. A method for manufacturing an anti-glare film comprises the following steps: S1. Surface modification of the shielding particles to obtain a particle material with lower surface energy. The shielding particles are modified with fluorine-containing silane. The treatment temperature is 25° C. to 100° C., and the treatment time is 0.5 hour to 24 hours. S2, dispersing the modified shielding particles in a low-refractive-index resin to prepare a shielding resin mixture; S3. Providing a template having a concave structure and applying a masking resin mixture to the surface of the template, wherein the structural period of the template is 10 μm to 200 μm, and the curvature radius of the concave structure is 10 μm to 100 μm; S4. Lay the template on the surface of the substrate and pre-cure the corresponding area of the shielding part so that the shielding particles tend to be enriched on the light incident side of the three-dimensional structure. Use 365 nm ultraviolet light for local curing with a light intensity of 50 mW / cm 2 Up to 300mW / cm 2 , the irradiation time is 10 seconds to 60 seconds; S5. Fill the remaining cavity of the pre-cured structure with a transparent resin and fully cure it to form an anti-glare film with a pattern layer. The refractive index of the transparent resin is 1.48 to 1.53. The filling is performed by spin coating at a spin coating speed of 500 rpm to 3000 rpm.

[0024] Specifically, in this embodiment, the anti-glare film comprises a transparent substrate layer and a patterned layer disposed on its surface. The patterned layer consists of multiple translucent portions and multiple shielding portions, which are regularly distributed and arranged with a pattern period ranging from 10 to 200 microns. This structural arrangement effectively controls incident light while ensuring the uniformity of the patterned layer. The translucent and shielding portions together form a microstructure array with anti-glare properties. The aperture ratio of the translucent portions is controlled between 30% and 70%, ensuring anti-glare performance while maintaining high transmittance.

[0025] The shielding part is a three-dimensional raised structure, which is composed of a low-refractive index resin containing shielding particles. Its light incident surface is set to a spherical or ellipsoidal structure with a curvature radius of 10 microns to 100 microns. This curved surface structure can enhance the diffusion and scattering ability of light and reduce the angular dependence of interface reflection. The shielding particles are microparticles with specific optical properties and interfacial energy. The particle size range is 0.5 microns to 5.0 microns, and the refractive index is controlled between 1.60 and 1.75 to enhance the reflection and scattering ability of the shielding part for light that deviates from the visual axis. The refractive index of the resin constituting the shielding part is relatively low, ranging from 1.35 to 1.42, which helps to build a clear optical interface and improve the anti-glare efficiency of the film layer. A major technical feature of this structure is that the shielding particles are mainly enriched on the light incident side of the shielding part, forming a functional gradient distribution in the direction of light incidence, which effectively improves its anti-glare performance.

[0026] In order to achieve the above structural features, the anti-glare film is prepared by the following method: First, the masking particles undergo surface modification. Specifically, particles with a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm are treated in a fluorosilane solution to form a hydrophobic layer on their surface, reducing their surface free energy. The treatment temperature is set between 25°C and 100°C, and the treatment time is between 0.5 and 24 hours. The modified particles will exhibit interfacial incompatibility with the matrix resin during the subsequent mixing step, and may exhibit a tendency to interfacial segregation under certain conditions.

[0027] Surface-modified masking particles are dispersed in a low-refractive-index, photocurable resin to create a uniformly dispersed masking resin mixture. To achieve stable dispersion, mixing is performed using a combination of low-speed stirring and ultrasonic pretreatment. The resulting mixture exhibits excellent coating properties and structural retention.

[0028] Next, a template is provided with a periodic recessed structure with a period of 10 to 200 μm. The recessed portions are spherical or ellipsoidal, with a curvature radius within the range of 10 to 100 μm. The masking resin mixture is evenly applied to the template surface, and the template is reversed and attached to a transparent substrate through physical bonding to form a preliminary pattern configuration.

[0029] In this state, a 365 nm ultraviolet light source is used to locally irradiate the shielded structure area. The UV light intensity is controlled at 50 mW / cm 2 Up to 300mW / cm 2 The irradiation time is between 10 and 60 seconds. This step is a key technical node. The UV wavelength used can excite the photoinitiator in the resin system, causing the resin to undergo a pre-polymerization reaction in the illuminated area. At the same time, the surface energy difference between the resin and the particles is used to guide the shielding particles to gather towards the top area of the pattern structure before they are fully cured. Ultimately, the particles are enriched on the light-incident side of the shielding part, forming an asymmetrically distributed microstructure.

[0030] Subsequently, transparent resin is added to the incompletely filled areas of the pattern. The refractive index of this transparent resin is controlled between 1.48 and 1.53 to create an optical buffer layer that matches the refractive index of the main display panel. This transparent filler is injected into the structure via spin coating at a speed set between 500 rpm and 3000 rpm to ensure that the transparent resin is fully spread and fills the structural cavity without causing structural instability.

[0031] Finally, the entire film layer is fully UV-cured to ensure that the shielding structure is stable, the particle distribution is fixed, the pattern boundaries are clear, and the overall structural integrity is high, meeting the application requirements of high-performance anti-glare films.

[0032] In order to better understand the present invention, the above solution is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0033] Example 1: Titanium oxide particles with a particle size of approximately 2.5 μm and a refractive index of 1.68 were selected as the masking filler. The surface treatment was performed using 1 wt% trifluoropropylsilanol dispersed in anhydrous ethanol. The reaction temperature was set at 60°C and the treatment lasted for 3 hours. The resulting particles were vacuum dried and then used.

[0034] The modified particles were added to a modified polyacrylate resin with a refractive index of 1.38 at a mass ratio of 7%, and stirred magnetically for 15 minutes, supplemented by ultrasonic treatment for 3 minutes. The mixture was well homogeneous and had no obvious agglomeration.

[0035] The template is made of PDMS, with an equilateral hexagonal array and a unit period of 120 μm. The concave surface is close to a spherical surface with a radius of curvature of approximately 40 μm. The mixed liquid is applied to the template surface and immediately flipped over and attached to a 0.2 mm thick PET substrate. The template and substrate are placed under a UV curing device using a 365 nm UV LED module with an irradiation intensity of 200 mW / cm 2 , the exposure time is 30 seconds to form a local pre-cured state.

[0036] Then, a diacrylate transparent filling resin with a refractive index of 1.50 was added to the sample surface, and the spin coating speed was set to 1200 rpm for 12 seconds. After the spin coating was completed, a full UV curing was performed with a wavelength of 365 nm and an irradiation intensity of 300 mW / cm 2 The curing time is 60 seconds. The final pattern layer has good regularity, the masking particles are clearly visible, and the film thickness is about 18μm.

[0037] Example 2: Zirconia particles with a particle size of 1.2 μm were selected, fluoropropyltriethoxysilane was used as the surface treatment agent, the reaction temperature was 80° C., the solvent was methanol-water (9:1), the pH was controlled at about 4.8, and the mixture was dried after 2 hours of treatment.

[0038] The resin system is a low-refractive-index fluoroacrylic resin with n=1.37, and the particle addition ratio is 10 wt%. The dispersion method adopts high-speed shear emulsification with a shear rate of 2500 rpm and a duration of 90 seconds. The system photoinitiator is 2 wt% of a photosensitive initiator ketone.

[0039] The microstructure template is a UV-etched glass master mold with a structural period of 90 μm, an ellipsoidal hole array, a major axis / minor axis ratio of approximately 1.8, and a minimum curvature radius of 25 μm. After being coated with resin, it is bonded to a 0.125 mm thick TAC substrate by low-pressure hot pressing. The local curing step uses a 365 nm UV mercury lamp with an exposure intensity of 150 mW / cm 2 , the time is set to 45 seconds, and a viscoelastic intermediate phase is formed on the surface.

[0040] The supplementary layer resin is a bifunctional acrylate optical adhesive with a refractive index of 1.51. The spin coating speed is 1800 rpm and the uniformity is good. After the spin coating is completed, the final UV curing is immediately carried out for 60 seconds with an intensity of about 250mW / cm 2 , forming an overall pattern film layer, the particles are obviously concentrated, the boundaries of the curved surface structure are clear, the visible transmittance of optical detection is maintained at more than 85%, and the glare shielding angle is increased to 48°.

[0041] Example 3: The masking particles are silicon-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles with an average particle size of 0.9 μm and a refractive index close to 1.72. The treatment method differs from the previous two examples, employing plasma surface pre-activation followed by infiltration modification. After treating the sample in the plasma for 2 minutes, it is transferred to a 0.2% fluorosilane solution for 90 minutes, stirred at room temperature, and dried for later use.

[0042] The particles were added to a fluorine-modified acrylic polyester resin at a mass ratio of 8% (n = 1.36). The template was a PMMA concave mold obtained by injection molding, with a structural period of 200 μm and a composite pyramidal spherical structure. The mixture was initially injected into the template cavity at a low speed. After evacuation for 10 minutes, the PET substrate was pressed onto the template surface.

[0043] The UV light source uses a high-precision narrow-band 365nm module, and the exposure intensity is controlled at 250mW / cm 2The local curing time was set to just 20 seconds, and particle enrichment was complete within 20 seconds. The filling resin used was a UV-transparent adhesive with a refractive index of 1.48, and the spin coating speed was set at 3000 rpm for 8 seconds. The curing process was a two-stage process: a 5-second pre-cure and a 45-second main cure. The resulting film was approximately 20 μm thick, with a transmittance of approximately 87%, and exhibited excellent anti-interference performance under oblique incidence conditions.

[0044] Comparative Example 1: In this comparative example, the masking particles were not surface-modified with fluorosilane, maintaining their original hydrophilic surface. The particles were added directly to the resin system at a ratio of 7 wt%. All other steps were identical to those in Example 1, including resin mixing, doctor blade coating, template lamination, localized UV curing, and spin coating.

[0045] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example uses a disordered etching template, and the pattern structure is a randomly distributed array of pits, which does not form a regular periodic arrangement. The remaining processes are consistent with Example 1, including particle surface fluorosilane modification, resin mixing, and spin coating.

[0046] Comparative Example 3: In this comparative example, the resin was directly subjected to a one-time overall UV curing after filling, without the local UV irradiation step. The other steps were consistent with Example 2, including surface modification of the masking particles, resin mixing, spin coating, and template bonding.

[0047] Comparative Example 4: In this comparative example, no masking particles were added to the resin system, and only a low-refractive-index resin was used to form the pattern layer. The other process steps, including UV curing, spin coating, and template lamination, remained the same as in Example 2.

[0048] Comparative Example 5: In this comparative example, unsurface-modified cerium oxide particles were used as shielding particles, and no plasma treatment or fluorosilane modification was performed. The other steps were the same as those in Example 3, including resin mixing, spin coating, template lamination, and UV curing.

[0049] Experiment 1: To investigate the effects of particle surface modification on the optical properties and shielding effectiveness of anti-glare films, this experiment compared the use of fluorosilane-treated and unmodified titanium oxide particles in a resin system. This experiment explored how surface modification alters the distribution of particles in the resin, thereby affecting the film's optical properties and shielding effectiveness.

[0050] First, 7 wt% titanium oxide particles were treated differently in two experimental samples. In Example 1, the particles were added to an ethanol solution containing 1 wt% trifluoropropylsilane at 60°C for 3 hours. The modified particles were then dried in a vacuum oven for 12 hours. In contrast, the particles in Comparative Example 1 were used without any surface modification.

[0051] After the particles were treated, they were mixed with an acrylic resin with a refractive index of 1.38 at a ratio of 7 wt %. The mixture was stirred magnetically for 15 minutes and ultrasonically treated for 10 minutes to ensure that the particles were fully dispersed.

[0052] Next, a pattern template was prepared. The template was made of PDMS material and designed as an equilateral hexagonal structure with a period of 120 μm. The mixture of resin and particles was evenly coated on the template surface, and then it was laminated to the PET film substrate and initially UV-cured (365 nm wavelength, 200 mW / cm 2 Afterwards, all samples were fully UV-cured (365 nm wavelength, 300 mW / cm 2 intensity, exposure for 60 seconds) to ensure that the film is fully cured.

[0053] At the end of the experiment, the transmittance of the sample (range 400-700nm) was measured using a spectrophotometer, and the shading angle of the sample was tested using a reflectometer. To evaluate the uniformity of the particle distribution, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) was also used for observation.

[0054] Experimental data on the effect of particle surface modification on shielding effect and optical properties: Summary: Experimental comparisons of surface-modified and unmodified particles demonstrate that surface modification significantly improves particle dispersion in the resin, directly impacting the film's optical properties and shielding effectiveness. Fluorosilane-treated particles exhibit higher transmittance and a wider shielding angle. This phenomenon demonstrates that surface modification effectively reduces particle aggregation and maintains a uniform distribution, thereby improving the film's optical uniformity and anti-glare performance.

[0055] Particle distribution is crucial to the optical performance of a film. Unmodified particles often exhibit poor dispersion and significant aggregation, leading to unstable optical properties. Surface-modified particles, on the other hand, exhibit better dispersion in the resin system, forming a more uniform pattern structure and significantly improving optical properties. This further demonstrates the crucial role of particle surface modification in enhancing film functionality.

[0056] Mechanistically, the change in surface energy enhances the compatibility of the modified particles with the resin, resulting in a more uniform distribution of the particles within the resin. Because the modified surface creates a hydrophilicity and enhances affinity with the resin, the particles disperse better within the resin, avoiding the aggregation issues associated with traditional unmodified particles. Consequently, surface modification not only optimizes the film's light transmittance but also enhances its anti-glare capabilities, particularly when light is incident from different angles, allowing the film to better exert its shielding effect.

[0057] Experiment 2: In this experiment, regular hexagonal and randomly arranged concave structures were used to investigate their effects on the film transmittance, shielding angle, and particle distribution.

[0058] First, titanium oxide particles treated with fluorosilane were selected, and the resin and particles were mixed according to the previous experimental steps (the method of particle modification and resin preparation in Experiment 1). Then, in order to test the effect of the pattern, two different templates were made. Example 1 used a regular hexagonal template with a period of 120μm. Comparative Example 2 used a concave array template formed by random etching, with unequal periods and disordered pattern arrangement.

[0059] Both templates used the same resin and particle mixture and were UV-cured after coating. The curing conditions were the same as in Experiment 1: 365 nm wavelength, 200 mW / cm 2 , exposure for 30 seconds, followed by full UV curing for 60 seconds.

[0060] Finally, after the samples were fully cured, they were tested for transmittance, obscuration angle, and particle distribution. Transmittance was measured using a spectrophotometer (400-700nm), obscuration angle was measured using a reflectometer, and particle distribution was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

[0061] Experimental data on the impact of pattern structure on shielding effect and optical performance: Comparing the effects of regular and disordered pattern structures on the performance of anti-glare films reveals that regular hexagonal patterns significantly outperform disordered patterns. This phenomenon is due to the fact that regularly arranged particles form a more ordered pattern within the pattern, ensuring the film's optical stability and excellent shielding effect. SEM observations revealed that the particles in the hexagonal pattern are evenly distributed and neatly arranged, which helps improve the film's optical properties, such as transmittance and shielding angle.

[0062] In contrast, disordered, randomly arranged patterns significantly affect the uniformity of particle distribution. The irregular arrangement of particles in a random pattern results in some areas being overly dense, while others may be too scarce. This unevenness directly reduces the optical performance of the film. In particular, in terms of shielding effectiveness, randomly arranged film samples typically have lower shielding angles because the disordered distribution of particles prevents the shielded areas from effectively blocking all incident light.

[0063] From a mechanistic perspective, the regular hexagonal structure not only ensures a more uniform distribution of particles within the film, but also effectively enhances the interaction between particles, strengthening their ability to scatter and refract light. Therefore, the hexagonal pattern achieves a wide shielding angle while maintaining high transmittance. Random arrangements, on the other hand, struggle to provide consistent optical effects at varying angles of incidence due to the uneven distribution of particles. Their anti-glare capabilities are particularly reduced at high angles of incidence.

[0064] Experiment 3: This experiment focused on verifying whether localized UV curing (i.e., localized pre-curing) can effectively guide particle accumulation to shielded areas, thereby improving the shielding effect of the film. Fluorosilane-modified titanium oxide particles, used in previous experiments, were used to test the effects of different curing processes on the final optical properties.

[0065] First, fluorosilane-treated titanium oxide particles were mixed with an acrylic resin with a refractive index of 1.38 at a ratio of 7 wt%. The mixture was stirred for 15 minutes and then ultrasonicated for 10 minutes to ensure complete dispersion of the particles.

[0066] The mixture was then applied to the template. The design and use of the template were consistent with the previous experiments, with an equilateral hexagonal structure and a period of 120 μm. Unlike the comprehensive UV curing in the previous experiments, this experiment performed local UV irradiation (365 nm wavelength, 200 mW / cm2 intensity) in some steps. 2 , exposure for 30 seconds), and then continue with full UV curing (365nm, 300mW / cm 2 , curing time 60 seconds).

[0067] During the testing phase, samples were measured for transmittance and shielding angle, and particle distribution was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The focus was on analyzing whether localized curing could effectively help particles aggregate in shielded areas within the film, thereby improving the anti-glare effect.

[0068] Experimental data on the effect of local UV curing on shielding effect and particle distribution: Experimental results demonstrate that localized UV curing effectively guides particle distribution, particularly in shielded areas, resulting in higher particle concentrations. Observing particle distribution and shielding angles reveals that localized UV curing makes the particle enrichment process more controllable. Compared to samples without localized UV curing, samples that underwent localized UV curing exhibited significantly better optical properties, particularly in terms of shielding angle and transmittance, where the former achieved significantly higher values.

[0069] Mechanistically, localized curing uses short, high-intensity UV irradiation to rapidly solidify the resin in the shielded area, allowing the particles to "lock" and concentrate in that area. This process not only enhances the interaction between the particles and the resin but also reduces uneven particle distribution within the film. Samples without localized curing exhibited larger particle aggregations, resulting in a weakened shielding effect.

[0070] The effect of partial curing is attributed to the resin cross-linking process initiated by UV irradiation. This process changes the viscosity and rheology of the resin, resulting in a more uniform particle distribution and a more stable shielding effect of the film. Samples without partial curing lack this process, resulting in uneven particle distribution and less than ideal shielding effect. The experimental data clearly demonstrates the key role of partial UV curing in improving the optical properties and functionality of the film.

[0071] Experiment 4: The purpose of this experiment is to verify whether the film layer without shielding particles can achieve the expected optical function and compare it with the sample containing particles.

[0072] First, the experiment used the same resin system as the previous one: an acrylate resin with a refractive index of 1.38. To ensure consistency with other experiments, fluorosilane-modified titanium oxide particles were used again. However, in Comparative Example 4, the particles were completely removed, and the pattern layer was prepared using a pure resin system. The resin was mixed at a 7wt% particle ratio, the same as in the previous experiment. The mixture was magnetically stirred for 15 minutes and ultrasonically shaken for 10 minutes.

[0073] The sample's pattern template design remained consistent with previous designs, using an equilateral hexagonal array with a period of 120 μm to ensure structural regularity in the film. In the control group, the particles were completely removed, leaving only the resin forming the pattern layer.

[0074] The curing process uses the same UV light source as before: 365nm wavelength, intensity 200mW / cm 2 , exposure for 30 seconds, followed by full curing (365nm, 300mW / cm 2 , cure for 60 seconds).

[0075] Tests included light transmittance, obscuration angle, and particle distribution (observed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM)).

[0076] Experimental data on the effects of unshielded particles on optical properties and shielding effects: Samples without shielding particles exhibit significant differences compared to those containing particles. While transmittance doesn't drop significantly in some cases, shielding effectiveness is significantly compromised. Samples without shielding particles typically exhibit lower shielding angles, demonstrating that the particles effectively scatter light and block unwanted light.

[0077] Mechanistically, the primary function of shielding particles is to effectively bend and scatter incident light by creating a difference in refractive index. Samples without particles lose this function, resulting in a loss of effective control over light propagation within the film. Particle-free samples exhibit poor optical performance, particularly at high angles of incidence, where glare cannot be effectively avoided, leading to a reduced anti-glare effect.

[0078] Further analysis revealed that films lacking particles failed to form the same stable structure as samples containing particles. The presence of particles stabilized the film's integrity, regulating light transmission and making its physical properties more uniform. While the film without particles had a smooth surface, the lack of particles to effectively guide light resulted in poor anti-glare performance and significantly reduced light refraction and scattering efficiency. Therefore, shielding particles play an irreplaceable role in the film's optical properties.

[0079] Experiment 5: Does particle size and shape have a fundamental impact on the performance of the final patterned layer? This experiment selected three different particle morphologies: spherical, flake, and irregularly lumpy. These were mixed with the same resin to observe their effects on shading angle and transmittance, focusing specifically on the particle distribution within the pattern and their optical synergy.

[0080] During the preparation process, the resin used was still an acrylate system with a refractive index of 1.38. All three types of particles were surface-treated with fluorosilane to ensure compatibility with the resin. The particle mass fraction was uniformly 7 wt%. After mixing, the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes and sonicated for 10 minutes to ensure sufficient dispersion. Unlike previous experiments that used a uniform template, this experiment used a single hexagonal pattern template with a period of 100 μm to eliminate interference from pattern variations.

[0081] During the sample preparation process, local UV curing (365nm, 200mW / cm 2irradiation for 30 seconds), followed by an overall UV curing for 60 seconds to enhance particle positioning within the template. Transmittance was measured using a spectrophotometer, while the shading angle was measured using a fixed-angle reflectometer. Particle distribution was referenced to SEM images.

[0082] Comparative data on the effects of different particle morphologies on the optical properties of the pattern layer: Experimental results demonstrate the crucial role of particle morphology in anti-glare film performance. Spherical particles form a film with a relatively uniform overall structure, featuring dense, orderly particle arrangement. This allows for stable shielding while maintaining high light transmittance. This morphology is less susceptible to accumulation or shifting during the resin curing process, resulting in a relatively consistent light-scattering interface. Particularly at high angles of incidence, the film's reflection and diffraction behavior exhibits excellent directional control, preventing localized overexposure or the formation of flare.

[0083] In contrast, although the flaky particles have a strong shielding ability, their orientation inside the resin is not stable, and they are prone to overlapping, flipping and other arrangement anomalies. These microstructural disturbances directly affect the propagation path of local light, resulting in enhanced shielding effects while also causing fluctuations in light transmittance. From the experimental image analysis, it can be seen that its interface reflectivity is high and the brightness distribution is uneven, which is consistent with the aforementioned mechanism. The anisotropy of the flaky structure may enhance the directional reflection of the film layer to a certain extent, which is not conducive to the uniform realization of the anti-glare function.

[0084] Irregularly shaped particles show greater uncertainty. They are prone to accumulation, interface adhesion or residual voids in the pattern structure, resulting in discontinuity in the scattering path. This type of structure lacks a predictable arrangement trend, resulting in significant fluctuations in film performance, with both shielding angle and transmittance at low levels. From a mechanistic perspective, this is mainly due to its inability to form an effective match with the template structure, and the uneven particle-resin interface tension causes microstructural distortion. Therefore, morphology control should be considered as a key parameter in the design of anti-glare films, especially in high-performance application scenarios, where the use of irregular particles should be avoided.

[0085] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An anti-glare film, characterized in that: The anti-glare film comprises a substrate layer and a pattern layer arranged on the surface of the substrate layer; The pattern layer includes a plurality of light-transmitting portions and a plurality of shielding portions; wherein the light-transmitting portion and the shielding portion are distributed in a regular manner; The shielding portion is a three-dimensional structure formed of a resin containing shielding particles, and the shielding particles are mainly concentrated in a region on a light incident surface side of the shielding portion.

2. The anti-glare film according to claim 1, wherein: The light incident surface of the shielding portion is in a spherical or ellipsoidal shape, and the radius of curvature is 10 micrometers to 100 micrometers.

3. The anti-glare film according to claim 1, wherein: The shielding particles have a particle size of 0.5 μm to 5.0 μm and a refractive index of 1.60 to 1.75; The resin constituting the shielding portion has a refractive index of 1.35 to 1.

42.

4. The anti-glare film according to claim 1, wherein: The structural arrangement period of the pattern layer is 10 microns to 200 microns, and the opening rate of the light-transmitting portion is 30% to 70%.

5. A method for manufacturing an anti-glare film, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. performing surface modification on the shielding particles to obtain a particle material with lower surface energy; S2, dispersing the modified shielding particles in a low-refractive-index resin to prepare a shielding resin mixture; S3, providing a template with a concave structure, and applying the masking resin mixture on the surface of the template; S4, attaching the template to the surface of the substrate, and locally pre-curing the corresponding area of the shielding portion, so that the shielding particles tend to be enriched on the light incident side of the three-dimensional structure; S5. Fill the remaining cavity of the pre-cured structure with transparent resin and fully cure it to form an anti-glare film with a pattern layer.

6. The method for manufacturing an anti-glare film according to claim 5, wherein: The shielding particles in S1 are modified with fluorine-containing silane, the treatment temperature is 25° C. to 100° C., and the treatment time is 0.5 hour to 24 hours.

7. The method for manufacturing an anti-glare film according to claim 5, wherein: The structural period of the template in S3 is 10 microns to 200 microns, and the curvature radius of the concave structure is 10 microns to 100 microns.

8. The method for manufacturing an anti-glare film according to claim 5, wherein: The S4 uses 365 nm ultraviolet light for local curing, with a light intensity of 50 mW / cm² to 300 mW / cm² and an irradiation time of 10 seconds to 60 seconds.

9. The method for manufacturing an anti-glare film according to claim 5, wherein: The refractive index of the S5 transparent resin is 1.48 to 1.53, and the filling is performed by spin coating at a spin coating speed of 500 rpm to 3000 rpm.

10. A display device, characterized in that: The device comprises a display panel and the anti-glare film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the anti-glare film is attached to the light emitting surface side of the display panel.

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