A method for automatically generating geological and topographic profiles

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of data processing, and specifically to a method for automatically generating geological and topographic profiles, the method comprising: performing anomaly detection on data of all strata in all boreholes to obtain suspected abnormal strata in each stratum, analyzing the differences between data anomaly characteristics caused by stratum pinch-out and stress interference in the borehole data, as well as the unevenness of stratum spatial distribution, constructing data anomaly of each borehole, and judging the authenticity of abnormal data of individual borehole data; eliminating borehole data with large data anomaly, and interpolating all borehole data using the Kriging interpolation method, thereby automatically generating a geological and topographic profile of the target area; solving the problem that traditional methods detect outliers in borehole data only through threshold judgment, which easily eliminates real borehole data, thereby improving the authenticity of data interpolated using the Kriging interpolation method and the accuracy of generating geological and topographic profiles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a method for automatically generating geological and topographic profiles. Background Art

[0002] Geological profiles are fundamental geological artifacts. However, due to construction conditions and drilling costs, the available borehole data for generating these profiles is often limited. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of these borehole data is sparse and uneven, resulting in low accuracy. The traditional approach to addressing this issue is to use Kriging interpolation, adding drillhole data at key locations based on existing geological data and geological patterns and distribution characteristics to compensate for these data deficiencies and improve profile accuracy.

[0003] However, when using Kriging interpolation to interpolate borehole data, Kriging interpolation has limited ability to handle outliers in the original data. Therefore, the quality of the original data will greatly affect the quality of the interpolated data. Therefore, data anomaly detection methods are used to remove outliers from the original borehole data. Traditional methods rely solely on existing thresholds for outlier detection. However, many outliers are generated during the drilling process. For example, changes in stratum structure, groundwater influence, and the influence of equipment may cause noise and outliers in the collected borehole data. However, not all outliers can be removed. When there are continuous strata distribution, strata pinch-out, or missing strata in the stratum, the actual borehole data collected may also appear as outliers. Detecting outliers solely through thresholds may result in the removal of this part of the data, resulting in data distortion after interpolation using the Kriging method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a method for automatically generating geological topographic profiles to solve the existing problems.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for automatically generating a geological topographic profile using the following technical solutions:

[0006] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for automatically generating a geological topographic profile, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] Collect the latitude and longitude coordinates of each borehole, the starting depth, ending depth, thickness data of each layer in the borehole, the lithology of the formation, and the porosity data of each layer in the borehole;

[0008] Based on the difference in stratum thickness of the same lithologic strata in all boreholes on different horizontal lines, the suspected abnormal strata of each borehole are obtained; based on the variation trend of the stratum thickness data of the same horizontal line and lithologic strata in different directions, the trend intensity value corresponding to each stratum in each borehole in different directions is constructed; based on the starting depth and ending depth of the suspected abnormal strata in the borehole, the continuity of the suspected abnormal strata is analyzed to construct the stratum continuity degree of each suspected abnormal stratum; based on the number of suspected abnormal strata in the borehole, the trend intensity value of each stratum and the stratum continuity degree of each suspected abnormal stratum, the stress interference degree of the stratum thickness data of each stratum in the borehole is constructed;

[0009] Clustering is performed based on the longitude and latitude coordinates of all boreholes to obtain clusters. Based on the porosity differences between the strata in each borehole and those in the cluster and outside the cluster, the porosity data differences within the cluster and outside the cluster are obtained for each borehole. The porosity disturbance of each borehole is constructed by combining the porosity data differences between each borehole and the strata of the same lithology in other boreholes.

[0010] constructing data anomalies of each borehole based on the stress interference degree and the porosity disturbance degree; and eliminating borehole data based on the data anomalies;

[0011] All the drill hole data after elimination are interpolated, and the geological topographic profile is drawn based on all the interpolated drill hole data.

[0012] In one embodiment, the process of obtaining the suspected abnormal strata is as follows:

[0013] The jth stratum and the depth of the stratum in borehole i are respectively recorded as and , get the depth value of all drilling holes On the horizontal line and with the stratum The stratum thickness data of all strata with the same lithology are combined as a stratum The thickness anomaly detection set is used as the input of the data anomaly detection algorithm. If the output anomaly value includes the stratum The stratum thickness data itself, then the stratum As a suspected abnormal formation;

[0014] The depth value of the stratum is the median value between the start depth value and the end depth value of the stratum.

[0015] In one embodiment, the process of obtaining the trend strength value is as follows:

[0016] The stratum All stratum thickness data in the thickness anomaly detection set are arranged in ascending order according to the borehole longitude value, and the sequence is recorded as stratum The corresponding east-west stratigraphic thickness sequence is used as the input of the time series decomposition algorithm, and the trend intensity of the east-west stratigraphic thickness sequence is used as the stratigraphic thickness. Trend strength value in the east-west direction;

[0017] Based on all the stratum thickness data and borehole latitude values ​​in the thickness anomaly detection set, the same acquisition method of the trend intensity value in the east-west direction is adopted to obtain the stratum thickness. The trend strength value in the north-south direction.

[0018] In one embodiment, the process of obtaining the formation continuity is as follows:

[0019] The first The initial value of the continuity of the suspected abnormal formation is set to 0. The first and If the suspected abnormal strata are connected, the The continuity degree of each suspected abnormal formation is increased by 1; if The first and If the two suspected abnormal strata are still connected, The continuity degree of the suspected abnormal formation is increased by 1; and so on, the The degree of continuity of the suspected abnormal strata in the vertical upward direction; obtain the first The vertical continuity of the suspected abnormal strata in the downward direction is added to the vertical continuity in the upward direction to obtain the The degree of stratigraphic continuity of a suspected abnormal formation.

[0020] In one embodiment, the conditions for determining whether the suspected abnormal strata are connected are:

[0021] If the difference between the starting depth of the current suspected abnormal stratum and the ending depth of the previous suspected abnormal stratum is less than or equal to a preset depth threshold, the current suspected abnormal stratum is connected to the previous suspected abnormal stratum.

[0022] In one embodiment, the stress interference degree is expressed as:

[0023] , where is the stress interference degree of the stratigraphic thickness data of the jth stratigraphic layer in borehole i; is the total number of all suspected anomalous formations in borehole i; is the mean of the stratigraphic continuity of all suspected abnormal strata in borehole i; 、 are the trend intensity values ​​of the jth stratum in the east-west and north-south directions of borehole i, respectively; is a preset minimum positive number; To find the maximum function.

[0024] In one embodiment, the process of obtaining the intra-cluster porosity data difference and the inter-cluster porosity data difference of each borehole is as follows:

[0025] The strata in each borehole The lithology is the same and in the stratum The stratum on the horizontal line at the depth value is used as the stratum Corresponding stratigraphic layers in each borehole; Calculating stratigraphic layers The sum of the absolute values ​​of the differences between the porosity data of the corresponding formations in all the boreholes within the cluster is recorded as the formation The intra-cluster porosity data difference of each well is taken as the sum of the intra-cluster porosity data differences of all strata in each well;

[0026] Based on the porosity data of all the boreholes outside the cluster where each borehole is located, the porosity data difference outside the cluster of each borehole is obtained by adopting the same acquisition method as the porosity data difference within the cluster of each borehole.

[0027] In one embodiment, the expression of the porosity disturbance is:

[0028] , where is the porosity disturbance of borehole i; J is the total number of strata in borehole i; Q is the number of boreholes; is the porosity data of the jth formation in borehole i; is the mean porosity data of all strata in the qth borehole that have the same lithology as the jth layer in borehole i; is the porosity data difference within cluster i of borehole i; is the porosity difference outside the cluster of borehole i.

[0029] In one embodiment, the data anomaly is: the product of the sum of the stress disturbances of all strata in each borehole and the porosity disturbance of each borehole.

[0030] In one embodiment, the drilling data is eliminated based on the data abnormality, specifically:

[0031] The segmentation threshold of the data abnormality of all the boreholes is obtained by the threshold segmentation algorithm; if the data abnormality of the borehole is greater than or equal to the segmentation threshold, the data of the borehole is eliminated; otherwise, the data of the borehole is retained.

[0032] This application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0033] By analyzing the causes of outliers and interference in the collected borehole data, the authenticity of the anomalies of each data in the borehole data can be determined, so that the authenticity of the interpolated data is guaranteed while the data quality is good, thereby improving the accuracy of the generated geological topographic profile. This solves the problem that the traditional method of detecting outliers in borehole data only uses threshold judgment and cannot determine the cause of the outliers, thus easily eliminating the real borehole data, and ultimately leading to the problem of interpolation data distortion when using Kriging interpolation method;

[0034] By analyzing the impact of changes in different stratum types and crustal stress changes on borehole data, the authenticity of abnormal data in the borehole data can be determined, and abnormal borehole data caused by inaccurate measurements due to interference during the acquisition process can be eliminated. This provides more accurate and authentic borehole data for subsequent Kriging interpolation, thereby ensuring the anomaly of the interpolated data of the Kriging interpolation method and ultimately ensuring the accuracy of the generated geological and topographic profiles. This solves the problem that traditional methods detect outliers in borehole data only through threshold judgment, which makes it impossible to determine the exact cause of the outliers and easily eliminates real borehole data. This improves the authenticity of the data interpolated by the Kriging interpolation method and improves the accuracy of the generated geological and topographic profiles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for automatically generating geological and topographic profiles provided in this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stratigraphic pinch-out section;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a top-down schematic diagram of the stratigraphic pinch-out. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] To further illustrate the technical means and effectiveness of this application to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effectiveness of a method for automatically generating geological and topographic profiles proposed in this application. In the following description, references to different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.

[0040] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0041] The following describes in detail a specific scheme of a method for automatically generating geological and topographic profiles provided by this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for automatically generating a geological topographic profile.

[0043] Specifically, the following method for automatically generating geological and topographic profiles is provided. Figure 1 , the method comprises the following steps:

[0044] Step S1 , collecting the latitude and longitude coordinates of each borehole, the starting depth, ending depth, thickness data, stratum lithology, and porosity data of each stratum in the borehole.

[0045] For areas where geological topographic profiles need to be generated, data for each borehole in the area is obtained, including: the latitude and longitude coordinates of each borehole, the starting depth, ending depth and thickness data of each layer in the borehole, the stratigraphic lithology of each layer in the borehole, and the porosity data of each layer in the borehole.

[0046] Because the amount of drilling data required varies greatly in different regions, implementers should adjust the number of drilling holes based on the actual size of the target area and relevant regulations on drilling layout. The number of drilling holes in this application is 2,000.

[0047] Step S2, based on the difference in stratum thickness of the same lithologic strata in all boreholes on different horizontal lines, obtain the suspected abnormal strata of each borehole; based on the change trend of the stratum thickness data of the same horizontal line and the same lithologic strata in different directions, construct the trend intensity value corresponding to each stratum in each borehole in different directions; based on the starting depth and ending depth of the suspected abnormal strata in the borehole, analyze the continuity of the suspected abnormal strata and construct the stratum continuity degree of each suspected abnormal stratum; based on the number of suspected abnormal strata in the borehole, the trend intensity value of each stratum and the stratum continuity degree of each suspected abnormal stratum, construct the stress interference degree of the stratum thickness data of each stratum in the borehole.

[0048] Generally speaking, according to the first law of geography, everything is related to everything else, but similar things are more closely related. The closer the spatial locations of individual boreholes, the more similar the geological information they represent, including the thickness, depth, and geological type of each stratum in the borehole data. However, many factors affect borehole data collection during the drilling process, such as groundwater levels, changes in crustal stress, ambient temperature during drilling, weather, and drill bit wear. These factors can all affect drilling operations, leading to outliers in the borehole data. For example, if crustal stress changes at the borehole location during drilling, the borehole can deviate from the original drilling direction, resulting in a tilted borehole. This can lead to deviations in the collected stratum thickness data, resulting in anomalies in the thickness data. In this case, this anomaly needs to be removed to ensure the accuracy of the borehole data. However, due to the complexity of stratum types, different stratum types can also lead to outliers in the collected borehole data. If a formation pinch-out occurs at the drilling location, abnormal values ​​will appear in the formation data at the formation pinch-out location. If the threshold judgment method is still used to judge the abnormal values ​​in the drilling data at this time, such data may be eliminated, resulting in misjudgment of the formation type. Therefore, distinction is needed.

[0049] Specifically, stratigraphic pinch-out refers to the geological phenomenon in which the thickness of the sedimentary layer gradually becomes thinner at the edge of the sedimentary basin or in a specific direction until it disappears completely. That is, under ideal conditions, the thickness of the same geological type at the same depth in the direction of stratigraphic pinch-out will gradually decrease until it disappears, such as Figure 2 However, during drilling construction, due to different requirements such as the spacing between adjacent boreholes and the number of boreholes, the borehole layout is relatively complex. Therefore, the distribution of each borehole may not be as ideal as described above. However, stratum pinch-out is a large-scale stratum change. For a single borehole, the data features of the boreholes with closer spatial distances are not necessarily closer. For example, Figure 3 In the example, ZK1 to ZK4, despite being spatially distant, are all located within the same stratigraphic pinch-out range. Therefore, data from the same stratigraphic depth at the same depth exhibit a gradually decreasing trend. However, when borehole data is affected by changes in crustal stress, the borehole may tilt, potentially affecting all subsequent stratigraphic thickness data collected. The affected stratigraphic layers are continuous. For example, at a depth of 20 m, the borehole is affected by crustal stress, causing it to tilt, potentially affecting all subsequent stratigraphic thickness data collected.

[0050] (1) First, the formations with abnormal data in each borehole are obtained based on the difference in the thickness of the same lithologic formations in all boreholes on each horizontal line, and recorded as the suspected abnormal formations of each borehole, specifically:

[0051] Take the jth layer of any borehole i For example, get the stratum The lithology and depth value of each stratum in each borehole are as follows: , further, get the depth value of all drilling holes On the horizontal line and with the stratum The stratum thickness data of all strata with the same lithology are combined as a stratum The thickness anomaly detection set is used as the input of the data anomaly detection algorithm to perform anomaly detection. If the output anomaly value includes the formation The stratum thickness data itself, then the stratum As a suspected abnormal stratum.

[0052] The above method initially identified outliers in the collected borehole formation data. Some of these outliers are due to natural causes, resulting in sudden changes in formation thickness at certain locations, thus generating real data. Other outliers are due to inaccurate data collection caused by stress interference during the acquisition process. To avoid filtering out real data, further analysis is required.

[0053] Then, the variation trends of the stratum thickness data of the same horizontal line and the same lithologic stratum in the east-west and north-south directions were analyzed respectively, and the trend intensity values ​​corresponding to each stratum in each borehole in different directions were constructed, specifically:

[0054] Get the longitude and latitude coordinates of each borehole, still taking the jth layer of borehole i as the starting point For example, the stratum All stratum thickness data in the thickness anomaly detection set are arranged in ascending order according to the borehole longitude value, and the sequence is recorded as stratum The corresponding east-west stratigraphic thickness sequence; similarly, all stratigraphic thickness data in the thickness anomaly detection set are arranged in ascending order according to the borehole latitude value, and the sequence is recorded as stratigraphic thickness. The corresponding north-south stratigraphic thickness sequence is used as the input of the SLT decomposition algorithm, and the trend intensity of the east-west stratigraphic thickness sequence and the north-south stratigraphic thickness sequence is obtained as the stratigraphic thickness sequence. The trend intensity values ​​in the east-west and north-south directions. The SLT decomposition algorithm is a well-known technology, and the specific process will not be repeated here.

[0055] It should be noted that for the calculation of the trend strength of the stratum thickness sequence, this application only provides a time series decomposition method. There are many existing time series decomposition methods, and implementers can also use other time series decomposition algorithms to obtain the trend strength of the stratum thickness sequence. This application does not make specific restrictions.

[0056] Obtain the trend strength values ​​of suspected abnormal strata in two directions.

[0057] (2) Count the total number of all suspected abnormal strata in a single borehole, and analyze the continuity of each suspected abnormal strata with other suspected abnormal strata to construct the stratigraphic continuity of each suspected abnormal stratum, specifically:

[0058] Set a depth threshold X. Preferably, in the embodiment of the present application, the value of X is set to 1m. As other embodiments of the present application, the implementer can set the value of X according to the actual geological conditions;

[0059] Furthermore, in the same borehole, all suspected abnormal strata are arranged in order of depth from small to large, starting with the first Suspected abnormal strata For example, the suspected abnormal strata The initial value of the continuity is set to 0; calculate the suspected abnormal strata The starting depth and the previous suspected abnormal formation The difference between the end depths is recorded as the first difference. If the first difference is less than or equal to the depth threshold X, it means that the two suspected abnormal formations are continuous, and the suspected abnormal formation is recorded as The degree of continuity increases by 1; then continue to judge the suspected abnormal strata and suspected abnormal strata Whether there is continuity between them, that is, judging the suspected abnormal strata The starting depth and the previous suspected abnormal formation Is the difference between the end depths less than or equal to the depth threshold X? If the abnormal formation is suspected and suspected abnormal strata If the abnormal strata are still continuous, The degree of continuity is increased by 1; and so on, the suspected abnormal strata are obtained. In the vertical upward direction, the degree of continuity is similarly determined by judging whether the difference between the end depth of each suspected abnormal stratum and the starting depth of the next suspected abnormal stratum is less than or equal to the depth threshold, thereby determining whether each suspected abnormal stratum is continuous with the next suspected abnormal stratum, thereby obtaining the suspected abnormal stratum. The degree of continuity in the vertical downward direction and the suspected abnormal formation Suspected abnormal strata are obtained by adding up the degree of continuity in the vertical upward direction. The final degree of stratigraphic continuity.

[0060] (3) Based on the above analysis, the stress interference degree of the formation thickness data of each formation in each borehole is constructed to characterize the stress-affected characteristics of the formation thickness data in a single borehole. The expression is:

[0061]

[0062] Where, is the stress interference degree of the stratigraphic thickness data of the jth stratigraphic layer in borehole i; is the total number of all suspected anomalous formations in borehole i; is the mean of the stratigraphic continuity of all suspected abnormal strata in borehole i; 、 are the trend intensity values ​​of the jth stratum in the east-west and north-south directions of borehole i, respectively; It is a preset minimum positive number, which is used to prevent the denominator from being 0; To find the maximum function. Preferably, in the embodiment of the present application, The value of is set to 0.01. As other embodiments of this application, the implementer can set it according to the actual geological conditions. value.

[0063] The greater the number of suspected abnormal strata and the greater the degree of stratum continuity of the suspected abnormal strata, the more likely it is that the data collection process is subject to stress interference, the greater the possibility that the collected data is erroneous data, the less credible the data is, and the more it should be eliminated; the greater the trend intensity, the more it indicates that the abnormal data is not affected by stress, but is an anomaly caused by stratum pinch-out; the smaller the trend intensity, the more likely it is that the data is affected by stress; therefore, the greater the stress interference, the less credible the corresponding data is, and the more it should be eliminated.

[0064] Step S3, clustering is performed based on the longitude and latitude coordinates of all boreholes to obtain clusters; based on the difference in porosity data between the strata in each borehole and the strata in the cluster and the strata outside the cluster, the difference in porosity data within the cluster and the difference in porosity data outside the cluster of each borehole are obtained, and the porosity disturbance degree of each borehole is constructed by combining the difference in porosity data between each borehole and the strata of the same lithology in other boreholes.

[0065] In actual stratigraphic distribution, in addition to the complex vertical distribution and numerous stratigraphic types, the spatial distribution of stratigraphic layers is also relatively complex. Strata of the same type may be spatially spaced apart, or have varying morphologies and types. This can lead to different or identical stratigraphic distributions for the same lithologic strata at the same depth, even within a local region. For example, at a certain depth within a region, sandstone layers may appear throughout, but the sandstone layers may pinch out in one area and remain continuous in another. Alternatively, both may pinch out, and other strata may be located between the two areas. Therefore, when using the aforementioned method to determine the presence of interference in stratigraphic thickness data, data from a subset of the same stratigraphic types may be selected, resulting in a certain degree of bias in the determination. Therefore, further analysis is necessary.

[0066] For strata affected by stress variations, their porosity may be squeezed by the stress changes, resulting in porosity variations. These variations are caused by crustal stress and therefore have a certain range of influence. Porosity data collected from boreholes within a region may vary. Specifically, the formation porosity at each depth in the borehole data within a local area is highly similar, while porosity data over a larger area exhibits a high degree of variability.

[0067] In contrast, when a stratum pinch-out distribution occurs, the thickness of the stratum gradually decreases toward one side, and the porosity of the stratum changes due to stratum compression. However, for a single borehole, the stratum that experiences porosity changes is only the stratum that experiences stratum pinch-out distribution, while the porosity of the remaining strata is relatively normal. In addition, since the distribution, depth, and type of strata may vary, strata of the same lithology may be distributed at different depths within the same area. For example, a stratum may be 20 meters deep at the current location and 30 meters deep at another location. However, in reality, the stratum is continuously distributed, and the depth of the stratum is only deviated due to differences in geological distribution. Therefore, the more similar the porosity of strata of the same lithology at different depths, the more likely the porosity data is not disturbed and is normal data, rather than erroneous data caused by inaccurate measurement due to stress interference during data acquisition.

[0068] (1) In order to represent the regional characteristics caused by natural factors such as the above-mentioned stress impact, the longitude and latitude coordinates of all boreholes are used as inputs to the K-means clustering algorithm. In this embodiment of the present application, the number of cluster centers K is set to 20. As other embodiments of the present application, the implementer can set the value of K according to actual conditions. The output is each cluster, and all the borehole locations in each cluster represent a local target area. The K-means clustering algorithm is a well-known technology, and the specific process will not be repeated here.

[0069] It should be noted that for the clustering of all drilling locations, this application only provides one clustering method. There are many existing clustering methods, and implementers can also use other clustering algorithms to cluster all drilling locations. This application does not make specific restrictions.

[0070] (2) By analyzing the differences between the porosity data of each borehole and the same lithology and depth formations in the boreholes within and outside the cluster, the porosity data differences within the cluster and the porosity data differences outside the cluster of each borehole are obtained. Specifically:

[0071] Get all the boreholes in all clusters except the borehole in the cluster where borehole i is located, and record them as the out-cluster boreholes of borehole i; The lithology is the same and in the stratum The stratum on the horizontal line at the depth value is used as the stratum Corresponding stratigraphic layers in each borehole; Calculating stratigraphic layers The sum of the absolute values ​​of the differences between the porosity data of the corresponding formations in all the boreholes within the cluster is recorded as the formation The porosity data difference within the cluster; calculate the formation The sum of the absolute values ​​of the differences between the porosity data of the corresponding formations in all the boreholes outside the cluster is recorded as the formation The difference in porosity data outside the cluster;

[0072] The sum of the intra-cluster porosity data differences of all strata of borehole i is taken as the intra-cluster porosity data difference of borehole i, and the sum of the extra-cluster porosity data differences of all strata of borehole i is taken as the extra-cluster porosity data difference of borehole i.

[0073] It should be noted that when a borehole does not contain When the corresponding stratum is not included, no calculation is performed.

[0074] (3) Based on the above analysis, the porosity disturbance of each borehole is calculated to characterize the disturbance characteristics of porosity changes in a single borehole. The expression is:

[0075]

[0076] Where, is the porosity disturbance of borehole i; J is the total number of strata in borehole i; Q is the number of boreholes in this application; is the porosity data of the jth formation in borehole i; is the mean porosity data of all strata in the qth borehole that have the same lithology as the jth layer in borehole i; is the porosity data difference within cluster i of borehole i; is the porosity difference outside the cluster of borehole i.

[0077] The smaller the difference between the pore data in borehole i and the porosity data of the rest of the cluster in which it is located, the greater the difference between the porosity data in borehole i and the porosity data of the rest of the cluster in which it is located, and the greater the difference between the porosity data in borehole i and the porosity data of the same lithologic strata at different depths in any borehole, the more likely the porosity data of borehole i is to be affected by the local influence caused by the change in crustal stress.

[0078] Step S4: constructing data anomalies of each borehole based on the stress interference degree and the porosity disturbance degree; and eliminating borehole data based on the data anomalies.

[0079] Through the above analysis, the data anomaly of each drilling data is calculated to determine the true situation of the abnormal data in a single drilling data. The expression is:

[0080]

[0081] Where, is the data anomaly of borehole i, is the stress interference degree of the stratigraphic thickness data of the jth stratigraphic layer in borehole i, J is the total number of stratigraphic layers in borehole i, is the porosity disturbance of borehole i.

[0082] The bigger, and The larger the value is, the greater the degree of stress interference in the j-th layer of borehole i is, and the more likely the abnormal data in the borehole is subject to stress interference. The lower the credibility is, the more these borehole data should be deleted to ensure the authenticity of subsequent interpolation.

[0083] The data anomaly of each borehole data is calculated in the above manner, and the data anomaly of all boreholes is used as the input of the K-fold cross-validation algorithm, and the output is the segmentation threshold of the data anomaly. When the data in the borehole data is detected for anomaly using the traditional threshold anomaly detection method, if an outlier is detected in the borehole data, the data anomaly of the borehole data is further calculated. When the data anomaly is greater than or equal to the segmentation threshold, it means that the data in the borehole data is more and more obviously affected by stress, the data credibility is lower, and the data is more inaccurate, and the borehole data is then eliminated. Conversely, when the data anomaly is less than the segmentation threshold, the borehole data is retained. The K-fold cross-validation algorithm is a well-known technology, and the specific process will not be repeated here.

[0084] It should be noted that for obtaining the segmentation threshold of data abnormality, this application only provides a threshold segmentation method. There are many existing threshold segmentation methods. Implementers can also use other threshold segmentation algorithms to obtain the segmentation threshold of data abnormality. This application does not make specific restrictions.

[0085] Step S5: interpolate all the drill hole data after the elimination process, and draw a geological topographic profile using all the interpolated drill hole data.

[0086] Through the above processing, all the borehole data that truly represent the geological information can be obtained, and these borehole data are used as input for the ordinary Kriging interpolation method, and the output is all the interpolated borehole data. Among them, the Kriging interpolation method is a well-known technology, and the specific process will not be repeated here.

[0087] Finally, the geological topographic profile is drawn using computer software:

[0088] Taking MapGIS as an example, the drawing process is as follows:

[0089] (1) Obtain drilling layout information, which mainly includes the spatial coordinate position of the drilling hole, the drilling depth, and the drilling results.

[0090] (2) Extract the borehole layer nodes, that is, the type and thickness of the stratum exposed under each borehole.

[0091] (3) Obtain auxiliary data for data fusion, such as measuring resistivity to assist in inferring soil property changes between boreholes.

[0092] (4) Based on the fused data, interpolation and encryption are performed in the software, and the final stratigraphic boundary line is drawn.

[0093] (5) Specify all graphic elements, legends and annotations in the drawing to complete the drawing of geological and topographic profiles.

[0094] It should be noted that the use of computer software to draw geological and topographic profiles is a well-known technology, and the specific process will not be described in detail.

[0095] Schematic diagram of the stratigraphic pinch-out section Figure 2 As shown; the top view of the stratum pinch-out is as shown Figure 3 shown.

[0096] In summary, the embodiment of the present application analyzes the causes of outliers and interference in the collected borehole data to determine the authenticity of the anomalies of each data in the borehole data, further improves the weight of the data in the Kriging interpolation method, so that the interpolation data ensures authenticity while having good data quality, thereby improving the accuracy of the generated geological topographic profile. This solves the problem that the traditional method detects outliers in borehole data only through threshold judgment and cannot determine the cause of the outliers, thereby easily eliminating real borehole data, and ultimately causing the problem of interpolation data distortion when using the Kriging interpolation method;

[0097] By analyzing the impact of changes in different stratum types and crustal stress changes on borehole data, the authenticity of abnormal data in the borehole data can be determined, and abnormal borehole data caused by inaccurate measurements due to interference during the acquisition process can be eliminated. This provides more accurate and authentic borehole data for subsequent Kriging interpolation, thereby ensuring the anomaly of the interpolated data of the Kriging interpolation method and ultimately ensuring the accuracy of the generated geological and topographic profiles. This solves the problem that traditional methods detect outliers in borehole data only through threshold judgment, which makes it impossible to determine the exact cause of the outliers and easily eliminates real borehole data. This improves the authenticity of the data interpolated by the Kriging interpolation method and improves the accuracy of the generated geological and topographic profiles.

[0098] It should be noted that the order in which the embodiments of the present application are presented is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Furthermore, the above descriptions are of specific embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or sequential sequence shown to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0099] The various embodiments in this application are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0100] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them. Modifications to the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or equivalent replacements of some of the technical features therein, do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for automatically generating geological and topographic profiles, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Collect the latitude and longitude coordinates of each borehole, the starting depth, ending depth, thickness data of each layer in the borehole, the lithology of the formation, and the porosity data of each layer in the borehole; Based on the difference in stratum thickness of the same lithologic strata in all boreholes on different horizontal lines, the suspected abnormal strata of each borehole are obtained; based on the variation trend of the stratum thickness data of the same horizontal line and lithologic strata in different directions, the trend intensity value corresponding to each stratum in each borehole in different directions is constructed; based on the starting depth and ending depth of the suspected abnormal strata in the borehole, the continuity of the suspected abnormal strata is analyzed, and the stratum continuity degree of each suspected abnormal stratum is constructed; based on the number of suspected abnormal strata in the borehole, the trend intensity value of each stratum and the stratum continuity degree of each suspected abnormal stratum, the stress interference degree of the stratum thickness data of each stratum in the borehole is constructed; Clustering is performed based on the longitude and latitude coordinates of all boreholes to obtain clusters. Based on the porosity differences between the strata in each borehole and those in the cluster and outside the cluster, the porosity data differences within the cluster and outside the cluster are obtained for each borehole. The porosity disturbance of each borehole is constructed by combining the porosity data differences between each borehole and the strata of the same lithology in other boreholes. constructing data anomalies of each borehole based on the stress interference degree and the porosity disturbance degree; and eliminating borehole data based on the data anomalies; All the drill hole data after elimination are interpolated, and the geological topographic profile is drawn based on all the interpolated drill hole data.

2. The method for automatically generating a geological topographic profile according to claim 1, wherein: The process of obtaining the suspected abnormal strata is as follows: The jth stratum and the depth of the stratum in borehole i are respectively recorded as and , get the depth value of all drilling holes On the horizontal line and with the stratum The stratum thickness data of all strata with the same lithology are combined as a stratum The thickness anomaly detection set is used as the input of the data anomaly detection algorithm. If the output anomaly value includes the stratum The stratum thickness data itself, then the stratum As a suspected abnormal formation; The depth value of the stratum is the median value between the start depth value and the end depth value of the stratum.

3. The method for automatically generating a geological topographic profile according to claim 2, wherein: The process of obtaining the trend strength value is as follows: The stratum All stratum thickness data in the thickness anomaly detection set are arranged in ascending order according to the borehole longitude value, and the sequence is recorded as stratum The corresponding east-west stratigraphic thickness sequence is used as the input of the time series decomposition algorithm, and the trend intensity of the east-west stratigraphic thickness sequence is used as the stratigraphic thickness. Trend strength value in the east-west direction; Based on all the stratum thickness data and borehole latitude values ​​in the thickness anomaly detection set, the same acquisition method of the trend intensity value in the east-west direction is adopted to obtain the stratum thickness. The trend strength value in the north-south direction.

4. The method for automatically generating a geological topographic profile according to claim 1, wherein: The process of obtaining the stratum continuity is as follows: The first The initial value of the continuity of the suspected abnormal formation is set to 0. The first and If the suspected abnormal strata are connected, the The continuity degree of each suspected abnormal formation is increased by 1; if The first and If the two suspected abnormal strata are still connected, The continuity degree of the suspected abnormal formation is increased by 1; and so on, the The degree of continuity of the suspected abnormal strata in the vertical upward direction; The vertical continuity of the suspected abnormal stratum in the downward direction is added to the vertical continuity in the upward direction to obtain the The degree of stratigraphic continuity of a suspected abnormal formation.

5. The method for automatically generating a geological topographic profile according to claim 4, wherein: The conditions for determining whether the suspected abnormal strata are connected are: If the difference between the starting depth of the current suspected abnormal stratum and the ending depth of the previous suspected abnormal stratum is less than or equal to a preset depth threshold, the current suspected abnormal stratum is connected to the previous suspected abnormal stratum.

6. The method for automatically generating a geological topographic profile according to claim 1, wherein: The expression of the stress interference degree is: , where is the stress interference degree of the stratigraphic thickness data of the jth stratigraphic layer in borehole i; is the total number of all suspected anomalous formations in borehole i; is the mean of the stratigraphic continuity of all suspected abnormal strata in borehole i; 、 are the trend strength values ​​of the jth stratum in the east-west and north-south directions of borehole i, respectively; is a preset minimum positive number; To find the maximum function.

7. The method for automatically generating a geological topographic profile according to claim 2, wherein: The process of obtaining the intra-cluster porosity data difference and the inter-cluster porosity data difference of each borehole is as follows: The strata in each borehole The lithology is the same and in the stratum The stratum on the horizontal line at the depth value is used as the stratum Corresponding stratigraphic layers in each borehole; Calculating stratigraphic layers The sum of the absolute values ​​of the differences between the porosity data of the corresponding formations in all the boreholes within the cluster is recorded as the formation The intra-cluster porosity data difference of each well is taken as the sum of the intra-cluster porosity data differences of all strata in each well; Based on the porosity data of all the boreholes outside the cluster where each borehole is located, the porosity data difference outside the cluster of each borehole is obtained by adopting the same acquisition method as the porosity data difference within the cluster of each borehole.

8. The method for automatically generating a geological topographic profile according to claim 1, wherein: The expression of porosity disturbance is: , where is the porosity disturbance of borehole i; J is the total number of strata in borehole i; Q is the number of boreholes; is the porosity data of the jth formation in borehole i; is the mean porosity data of all strata in the qth borehole that have the same lithology as the jth layer in borehole i; is the porosity data difference within cluster i of borehole i; is the porosity difference outside the cluster of borehole i.

9. The method for automatically generating a geological topographic profile according to claim 1, wherein: The data anomaly is: the product of the sum of the stress disturbances of all strata in each borehole and the porosity disturbance of each borehole.

10. The method for automatically generating geological and topographic profiles according to claim 1, wherein: The drilling data is eliminated based on the data abnormality, specifically: The segmentation threshold of the data abnormality of all the boreholes is obtained by the threshold segmentation algorithm; if the data abnormality of the borehole is greater than or equal to the segmentation threshold, the data of the borehole is eliminated; otherwise, the data of the borehole is retained.

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