A laser ablation device for HBC battery manufacturing

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of HBC battery manufacturing technology, specifically a laser ablation device for HBC battery manufacturing. It includes a precision conveying assembly, a laser ablation device mounted on the upper end of the precision conveying assembly, and adjustment assemblies on both sides of the precision conveying assembly. It also includes a positioning and adsorption assembly on one side of the adjustment assembly. The positioning and adsorption assembly adsorbs and positions the battery body. The positioning and adsorption assembly includes a first adsorption surface with an inclined bottom end, which is inclined upwards towards the laser ablation device. This invention optimizes the airflow direction through the inclined design of the first adsorption surface. Simultaneously with adsorption and positioning, it uses negative pressure airflow to instantly absorb volatile gases, metal particles, slag, and other byproducts generated by laser ablation, avoiding splash contamination. Furthermore, it uses first and second adsorption hole groups to position and adsorb the battery edge, and a third adsorption hole group to directionally suck up particles from the processing area and assist in adsorbing the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of HBC battery manufacturing technology, specifically to a laser ablation device for HBC battery manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] N-type back-contact heterojunction (HBC) solar cells are an organic combination of heterojunction (HJT) and back-contact (IBC) cells, possessing the structural advantages of both: The cells have no front electrode design, eliminating the need to consider front contact resistance issues and maximizing the optimization of the front surface light-trapping structure and passivation performance; all metal electrodes are located on the back of the cell, completely eliminating the shading and resistance losses caused by the front electrodes, improving the short-circuit current of the HBC cell, and simultaneously enhancing back-side light reflection; series resistance can be reduced by optimizing the back-side structure; an intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon layer with excellent passivation performance reduces interfacial recombination losses in the heterojunction, increasing the open-circuit voltage of high-density cells; low-temperature fabrication processes avoid the deformation and thermal damage to silicon wafers caused by the high-temperature fabrication processes of traditional cells; high-density cells are easier to encapsulate; for example, using a coplanar assembly encapsulation mode reduces the gap between cells, increases encapsulation density, and results in a more aesthetically pleasing appearance.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN107838567A discloses an edge positioning fixture, including a supporting mechanism, a direction adjustment mechanism mounted on the supporting mechanism, a limiting cover plate mounted on the direction adjustment mechanism, a clamping mechanism mounted on the direction adjustment mechanism, and several pressure plate assemblies. The pressure plate assemblies are mounted on the limiting cover plate and the clamping mechanism. The supporting mechanism includes a base and a main bearing component mounted in the base. The direction adjustment mechanism includes a rotating frame, a drive assembly, a transmission adjustment component mounted on the rotating frame, and a first elastic element connecting the rotating frame. The rotating frame is connected to the base via the main bearing component. The other end of the first elastic element is connected to the base. This edge positioning fixture, after the substrate is pressed between the pressure plate assemblies, allows the direction adjustment mechanism to finely adjust the direction of the limiting cover plate, ensuring that the edge positioning mechanism can accurately adjust the orientation of the substrate even after long-term use to meet processing requirements.

[0004] Chinese patent CN119387819A discloses a product positioning fixture, which includes a platform, a positioning mechanism, and an ejector mechanism. The platform has a contour groove, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning module and at least two first positioning pins, and the ejector mechanism is configured to eject the product from the contour groove. In this invention, the contour groove provides a reference for product placement, facilitating product placement. The first positioning pins within the contour groove position the product, and the positioning module, after positioning the product with the first positioning pins, pushes against the product, thus confining it between the groove wall and the positioning module, fixing the product's position and preventing displacement during laser welding, thereby avoiding impact on welding quality. Furthermore, after welding, the positioning module releases its push, and the ejector mechanism ejects the product, facilitating product removal and further reducing production efficiency.

[0005] The aforementioned and similar existing technologies can, to some extent, achieve positioning and by-product removal during HBC battery processing. Existing positioning methods are mostly mechanical; however, during HBC battery laser ablation processing, mechanical positioning is susceptible to temperature changes, leading to positioning deviations. Furthermore, the rigid connection of mechanical positioning can easily cause deformation of the HBC battery. To adapt to the HBC battery processing scenario, high-precision sensing equipment is required, which undoubtedly increases costs. Additionally, extra equipment is needed to remove micron-sized by-products (gases, smoke particles, etc.) generated during the ablation process. Existing vacuum adsorption equipment, such as… Figure 8 As shown, adsorption holes are usually opened on the vertical side to absorb byproducts. However, since there is a certain distance between the adsorption holes and the processing surface, it is difficult to absorb byproducts at the moment they are generated. As a result, byproducts are not completely removed and adhere to the surface of the battery body. This often requires increasing the adsorption power. Moreover, the adsorption holes on the side are only used to adsorb byproducts. This part of the suction cannot be applied to the battery body and cannot effectively cool the battery body, resulting in low energy utilization.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a laser ablation device for HBC battery manufacturing that can adsorb and locate the battery while simultaneously absorbing byproducts and cooling the HBC battery processing area. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the challenges of effectively absorbing byproducts and dissipating heat from the battery body while simultaneously locating the battery in existing technologies, a laser ablation device for HBC battery manufacturing has been designed.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a laser ablation device for HBC battery manufacturing, including a precision conveying component, a laser ablation device disposed on the upper end of the precision conveying component, and adjustment components on both sides of the precision conveying component, and a positioning adsorption component on one side of the adjustment component. The positioning adsorption component adsorbs and positions the battery body, and the positioning adsorption component includes a first adsorption surface disposed at the bottom inclined. The first adsorption surface is inclined upward in the direction close to the laser ablation device, which is used to quickly cool and absorb the by-products generated by the laser ablation device when opening the passivation layer on the back of the battery body, and to cool down the ablated area of ​​the battery body.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning adsorption component is fixedly connected to the adjustment component via a connector. The positioning adsorption component includes a first adsorption surface with an inclined bottom end, and a first adsorption hole group, a second adsorption hole group, and a third adsorption hole group disposed inside. The first adsorption hole group and the second adsorption hole group are used to adsorb the battery body, and the third adsorption hole group is mainly used to absorb the particulate matter generated by laser ablation and assist in adsorbing the battery body.

[0010] Furthermore, the first adsorption surface is designed to be inclined towards the laser ablation device from the end closer to the adjustment component, so that while adsorbing the battery body, it can also absorb the particles generated by laser ablation through the third adsorption hole group, and absorb the heat of the battery body processing area during the adsorption process.

[0011] Furthermore, the first, second, and third adsorption hole groups are provided with several sets of adsorption holes, and the number of adsorption holes in the first and second adsorption hole groups is greater than that in the third adsorption hole group. The dense arrangement of adsorption holes in the edge area effectively improves processing stability and suppresses edge warping.

[0012] Furthermore, the first and second adsorption hole groups are perpendicular to the plane of the battery body and provide adsorption force perpendicular to the battery surface to prevent displacement caused by vibration or airflow. The third adsorption hole group is perpendicular to the first adsorption surface to compensate for the imbalance of the component force caused by the inclined surface and enhance the lateral fixing effect.

[0013] Furthermore, a second adsorption surface is provided between the first adsorption surface and the connector, and the first adsorption hole group and the second adsorption hole group are located at the second adsorption surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the precision conveying component is fixedly installed at the bottom of the main equipment frame, and the upper housing is fixedly installed at the top of the main equipment frame. The laser ablation device is fixedly installed inside the upper housing, and the adjustment component is fixedly installed at the top of the main equipment frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the positioning adsorption assembly is connected to the vacuum generator pipeline via a connecting component.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] The laser ablation equipment for HBC battery manufacturing described in this invention optimizes the airflow direction through a tilted design of the first adsorption surface. Simultaneously with adsorption and positioning, a negative pressure airflow instantly absorbs byproducts such as volatile gases, metal particles, and slag generated during laser ablation, preventing splashing and contamination. The first and second adsorption hole groups position and adsorb the battery edge, while the third adsorption hole group provides directional suction of particles in the processing area and assists in battery adsorption. Combined with a vacuum generator, this forms a local negative pressure barrier, significantly reducing the risk of internal contamination. Furthermore, the airflow during adsorption simultaneously removes the heat generated by the laser energy, preventing localized overheating of the battery, avoiding temperatures exceeding the material's tolerance threshold, protecting the electrode material's microstructure, and maintaining the battery's electrochemical performance. The passive heat dissipation achieved through negative pressure airflow, combined with the adsorption hole group layout, eliminates the need for additional coolant or external refrigeration devices, avoiding the risk of secondary contamination caused by the cooling medium contacting the battery surface. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main body of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the adjustment component of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connector and positioning adsorption assembly structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the positioning and adsorption component of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of one form of the positioning adsorption component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another structural form of the positioning adsorption component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an existing positioning and adsorption component.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Main frame of the equipment; 2. Upper shell; 3. Precision conveying assembly; 4. Laser ablation device; 5. Adjustment assembly; 6. Connecting parts; 7. Positioning adsorption assembly; 71. First adsorption surface; 72. Second adsorption surface; 73. First adsorption hole group; 74. Second adsorption hole group; 75. Third adsorption hole group; 8. Battery body. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the technical means, technical features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0029] Example 1: As Figure 1 one Figure 5 As shown, the laser ablation equipment for HBC battery manufacturing according to the present invention includes a precision conveying component 3, a laser ablation device 4 disposed on the upper end of the precision conveying component 3, and adjustment components 5 on both sides of the precision conveying component 3. It also includes a positioning adsorption component 7 on one side of the adjustment component 5. The positioning adsorption component 7 adsorbs and positions the battery body 8. The positioning adsorption component 7 includes a first adsorption surface 71 with its bottom end inclined. The first adsorption surface 71 is inclined upward towards the laser ablation device 4. The first adsorption surface 71 forms a small angle with the battery body 8, which can play a role in guiding air. It is used to quickly cool and absorb the by-products generated when the laser ablation device 4 opens the passivation layer on the back of the battery body 8, and to cool down the ablated area of ​​the battery body 8.

[0030] Specifically, the precision conveying component 3 is a conveying structure driven by a high-precision servo motor, which transports the HBC battery to be processed to the processing area. The laser ablation device 4 replaces the traditional photolithography technology, using multi-channel laser scanning to precisely remove the amorphous silicon or passivation layer in specific areas, exposing the substrate material to achieve electrode contact, and opening holes or grooves in the passivation layer to reduce the contact area and reduce the recombination current, while increasing the open circuit voltage. The adjustment component 5 is used to adjust the position of the positioning adsorption component 7 so that it positions and adsorbs the HBC battery in the optimal position. In this embodiment, the adjustment component 5 is a combined electric telescopic rod, which adjusts the position of the positioning adsorption component 7 by telescoping. The adjustment component 5 can also be any other device that can achieve the same effect. The positioning adsorption component 7 uses vacuum adsorption to adsorb and position the battery body 8, while rapidly cooling and absorbing the by-products generated during the laser ablation process, and cooling the processing area of ​​the battery body 8.

[0031] In this embodiment, the positioning adsorption component 7 is fixedly connected to the adjustment component 5 through the connector 6. The positioning adsorption component 7 includes a first adsorption surface 71 with an inclined bottom end, and a first adsorption hole group 73, a second adsorption hole group 74 and a third adsorption hole group 75 disposed inside. The first adsorption hole group 73 and the second adsorption hole group 74 are used to adsorb the battery body 8, and the third adsorption hole group 75 is mainly used to absorb volatile gases, particulate matter and other substances generated by laser ablation, and to assist in adsorbing the battery body 8.

[0032] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 7As shown, the first adsorption surface 71 is inclined, which allows it to cool and absorb the by-products generated during processing while simultaneously adsorbing the battery body 8. The first adsorption surface 71 can also be arc-shaped, which can increase the adsorption range of the third adsorption hole group 75 and further improve the adsorption effect of by-products, reducing adhesion. The first adsorption hole group 73 and the second adsorption hole group 74 serve as the main adsorption hole groups, using multiple sets of adsorption holes inside to position and adsorb the battery body 8. The third adsorption hole group 75 assists in adsorbing the battery body 8, mainly used to quickly cool and absorb the particles generated by laser ablation of the battery body 8, preventing them from remaining on the equipment and the battery body 8 and causing pollution and corrosion. While absorbing the particles, it can also cool the ablated area of ​​the battery body 8, preventing it from being in a high-temperature state for a long time, which would lead to a decline in internal performance.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first adsorption surface 71 is designed to tilt towards the laser ablation device 4 from the end near the adjusting member, so that while adsorbing the battery body 8, it can also absorb the particles generated by laser ablation through the third adsorption hole group 75. At the same time, it can absorb the heat of the processing area of ​​the battery body 8 during the adsorption process. Specifically, the first adsorption surface 71 gradually tilts towards the laser ablation device 4 from the end adjacent to the connector 6. The first adsorption hole group 73, the second adsorption hole group 74 and the third adsorption hole group 75 are provided with a number of adsorption holes. The number of adsorption holes in the first adsorption hole group 73 and the second adsorption hole group 74 is greater than that in the third adsorption hole group 75. The dense arrangement of adsorption holes in the edge area effectively improves the processing stability and suppresses the occurrence of edge warping.

[0034] In this embodiment, the first adsorption hole group 73 and the second adsorption hole group 74 are perpendicular to the plane where the battery body 8 is located and provide adsorption force perpendicular to the battery surface to prevent displacement caused by vibration or airflow. The third adsorption hole group 75 is perpendicular to the first adsorption surface 71 to compensate for the imbalance of the component force caused by the inclined surface and enhance the lateral fixing effect. The bottom of the precision conveying component 3 is fixedly installed with the equipment main frame 1, and the upper shell 2 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the equipment main frame 1. The laser ablation device 4 is fixedly installed inside the upper end of the upper shell 2. The adjustment component 5 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the equipment main frame 1. The positioning adsorption component 7 is connected to the vacuum generator pipeline through the connecting component.

[0035] Specifically, the main frame 1 is used to install various components, the upper shell 2 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the main frame 1, and the laser ablation device 4 is located on the top surface inside the upper shell 2. The upper shell 2 can shield the processing area, and the vacuum generator serves as the power source for the positioning adsorption component 7.

[0036] Example 2: Figure 1 one Figure 6Based on Embodiment 1, a second adsorption surface 72 is provided between the first adsorption surface 71 and the connector 6. The first adsorption hole group 73 and the second adsorption hole group 74 are located at the second adsorption surface 72 and are perpendicular to the second adsorption surface 72 to reduce the gap between the first adsorption hole group 73 and the second adsorption hole group 74 and the battery body 8, thereby improving the adsorption effect and reducing power consumption. At the same time, the third adsorption hole group 75 is located at the first adsorption surface 71 and is perpendicular to the first adsorption surface 71 to assist in adsorbing the battery body 8 and to absorb the particles generated by laser ablation.

[0037] In this embodiment, the adsorption force is calculated based on the pressure difference. The positioning adsorption component 7 generates adsorption force through vacuum adsorption, which can be calculated according to the principle of pressure difference. The formula is F=ΔP×A, where F is the adsorption force, ΔP is the pressure difference inside and outside the adsorption structure, and A is the effective adsorption area.

[0038] For the second adsorption surface 72 (horizontal section) and the first adsorption surface 71 (inclined section), the effective adsorption area needs to be calculated separately. The effective adsorption area of ​​the second adsorption surface 72 (horizontal section) can be directly determined based on the contact area with the battery body 8. The effective adsorption area of ​​the first adsorption surface 71 (inclined section) needs to take into account the influence of the tilt angle on the projected area. That is, the sum of the adsorption forces provided by the two should be greater than the sum of the weight of the battery body 8 itself, the laser recoil force, and other possible vertically downward forces applied to the battery body 8.

[0039] In the processing of the above embodiment, a high-precision servo motor drives a precision conveying assembly 3 (hereinafter referred to as a conveyor belt), and a feeding device is used to place the battery body 8 on the conveyor belt for conveying. Then, when the battery body 8 is conveyed to the laser ablation processing area, the position of the positioning adsorption assembly 7 is adjusted by adjusting the connecting piece 6 through the adjusting assembly 5, so that it tends to the battery body 8. Then, the vacuum generator is started to drive the positioning adsorption assembly 7 to position and adsorb the battery body 8.

[0040] Then, by tilting the first adsorption surface 71, it can cool and absorb the by-products generated during processing while positioning and adsorbing the battery body 8. Then, the adsorption holes set inside the first adsorption hole group 73 and the second adsorption hole group 74 adsorb and position the edge of the battery body 8. At the same time, while adsorbing the battery body 8, the third adsorption hole group 75 can also quickly cool and absorb the particles generated during laser ablation of the battery body 8, preventing them from remaining on the equipment and the battery body 8 and causing pollution and corrosion. At the same time, when absorbing the by-products, it can remove the heat generated by laser ablation of the battery body 8, preventing it from being in a high-temperature state for a long time and causing a decline in internal performance.

[0041] Meanwhile, a second adsorption surface 72 is provided between the connector 6 and the first adsorption surface 71. At this time, the first adsorption hole group 73 and the second adsorption hole group 74 are provided on the second adsorption surface 72 to reduce the gap between the first adsorption hole group 73 and the second adsorption hole group 74 and the battery body 8, thereby improving the adsorption effect and reducing power consumption. The third adsorption hole group 75 is provided on the first adsorption surface 71. At the same time, the first adsorption surface 71 can also be set into an arc shape, which can increase the adsorption range of the third adsorption hole group 75 and further increase the absorption of by-products.

[0042] Finally, the position of the positioning adsorption component 7 is adjusted by adjusting component 5, while the suction of the first adsorption hole group 73, the second adsorption hole group 74 and the third adsorption hole group 75 is gradually reduced, so that the battery body 8 is placed back on the conveyor belt and transported to the next processing area by the conveyor belt, while the subsequent battery body 8 continues to be laser ablation processed.

[0043] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser ablation apparatus for manufacturing HBC batteries, comprising a precision conveying assembly (3) and a device disposed on the precision conveying assembly (3). The upper laser ablation device (4) and the adjustment components (5) on both sides of the precision conveying component (3) are characterized in that: It also includes a positioning adsorption component (7) on one side of the adjustment component (5). The positioning adsorption component (7) adsorbs and positions the battery body (8). The positioning adsorption component (7) includes a first adsorption surface (71) with its bottom end inclined. The first adsorption surface (71) is inclined upward towards the laser ablation device (4) to quickly cool and absorb the byproducts generated when the laser ablation device (4) opens the passivation layer on the back of the battery body (8), and to cool down the ablated area of ​​the battery body (8).

2. The laser ablation equipment for HBC battery manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning adsorption component (7) and the adjustment component (5) are fixedly connected by a connector (6). The positioning adsorption component (7) also includes a first adsorption hole group (73), a second adsorption hole group (74) and a third adsorption hole group (75) provided inside it. The first adsorption hole group (73) and the second adsorption hole group (74) are used to adsorb the battery body (8). The third adsorption hole group (75) is mainly used to absorb the particulate matter generated by laser ablation and assist in adsorbing the battery body (8).

3. The laser ablation equipment for HBC battery manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first adsorption surface (71) is inclined towards the laser ablation device (4) from the end near the adjustment component (5), so that while adsorbing the battery body (8), it can also absorb the particles generated by laser ablation through the third adsorption hole group (75), and absorb the heat of the processing area of ​​the battery body (8) during the adsorption process.

4. The laser ablation equipment for HBC battery manufacturing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first adsorption hole group (73), the second adsorption hole group (74) and the third adsorption hole group (75) are provided with several groups of adsorption holes. The number of adsorption holes in the first adsorption hole group (73) and the second adsorption hole group (74) is greater than that in the third adsorption hole group (75). The dense arrangement of adsorption holes in the edge area effectively improves the processing stability and suppresses edge warping.

5. The laser ablation equipment for HBC battery manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first adsorption hole group (73) and the second adsorption hole group (74) are perpendicular to the plane of the battery body (8) and provide an adsorption force perpendicular to the battery surface to prevent displacement caused by vibration or airflow. The third adsorption hole group (75) is perpendicular to the first adsorption surface (71) to compensate for the imbalance of the component force caused by the inclined surface and enhance the lateral fixing effect.

6. The laser ablation equipment for HBC battery manufacturing according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second adsorption surface (72) is provided between the first adsorption surface (71) and the connector (6), and the first adsorption hole group (73) and the second adsorption hole group (74) are located at the second adsorption surface (72).

7. The laser ablation equipment for HBC battery manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precision conveying component (3) is fixedly installed with the main equipment frame (1) at the bottom. The upper shell (2) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the main equipment frame (1). The laser ablation device (4) is fixedly installed inside the upper shell (2). The adjustment component (5) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the main equipment frame (1).

8. The laser ablation equipment for HBC battery manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning adsorption component (7) is connected to the vacuum generator pipeline via a connecting component.

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