Vehicle-mounted liquid antenna and signal transceiving method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and discloses a vehicle-mounted liquid antenna and a signal transceiving method.The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna comprises an inner spherical shell and an outer spherical shell arranged outside the inner spherical shell in a sleeving mode, a supporting dielectric plate is arranged in the inner spherical shell and divides the inner spherical shell into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the upper cavity is filled with a first conductive liquid medium, and the lower cavity is filled with a second conductive liquid medium; the lower cavity is filled with a second conductive liquid medium, and the density of the first conductive liquid medium is smaller than that of the second conductive liquid medium; a metal probe used for feeding the first conductive liquid medium is arranged on the supporting dielectric plate, a coaxial feeder line is arranged in the lower cavity, the coaxial feeder line is used for feeding the metal probe, and the coaxial feeder line is connected with the metal probe; a metal layer used for grounding is arranged on the face, facing the second conductive liquid medium, of the supporting medium plate. The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna is designed by using the characteristic that the two layers of liquid are heavy in bottom and light in top, the beam pointing is not influenced by the attitude of the antenna, and the communication stability of an automobile in complex terrains such as uphill and downhill is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antennas, and in particular to a vehicle-mounted liquid antenna and a signal receiving and transmitting method. Background Art

[0002] The GPS antenna on a car is a key component of the vehicle's GPS positioning system. It is responsible for receiving radio signals transmitted from GPS satellites in Earth orbit and converting these signals into digital information that can be used for navigation and positioning.

[0003] Gain is an important indicator for measuring an antenna's ability to receive signals. High-gain antennas can effectively receive satellite signals, improving positioning accuracy and stability. For applications requiring long-distance GPS signal reception, such as satellite communications, GPS antennas are typically designed to be directional, focusing energy in a specific direction and reducing energy waste. Currently available roof-mounted antennas can receive satellite signals well when the vehicle is traveling on a flat road. However, when the vehicle is traveling uphill or downhill, the antenna's beam will tilt as the vehicle tilts, and will not be able to point perpendicularly to the ground toward the sky, thus affecting communication quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem that the direction of existing directional antennas will tilt as the vehicle tilts, which will affect the communication quality. The present invention provides a vehicle-mounted liquid antenna and a signal receiving and transmitting method. The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna can maintain the direction of the beam when the vehicle tilts, that is, the beam direction of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna is always perpendicular to the ground plane and points to the sky, achieving the effect that the beam direction of the antenna is independent of its posture, thereby improving the quality of communication.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides, in one aspect, a vehicle-mounted liquid antenna, comprising an inner spherical shell and an outer spherical shell sleeved outside the inner spherical shell. A supporting dielectric plate is disposed within the inner spherical shell, and the supporting dielectric plate divides the inner spherical shell into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The upper chamber is filled with a first conductive liquid medium, and the lower chamber is filled with a second conductive liquid medium. The density of the first conductive liquid medium is less than that of the second conductive liquid medium.

[0006] A metal probe for feeding the first conductive liquid medium is provided on the supporting dielectric plate, and a coaxial feed line is provided in the lower chamber, the coaxial feed line is used to feed the metal probe, and the coaxial feed line is connected to the metal probe;

[0007] A metal layer for grounding is provided on a side of the supporting dielectric plate facing the second conductive liquid medium.

[0008] Preferably, the first conductive liquid medium is water, and the second conductive liquid medium is gallium indium tin liquid metal.

[0009] Preferably, the metal probe includes a first portion perpendicular to the supporting medium plate, a second portion parallel to the supporting medium plate, and an arc-shaped connecting member connecting the first portion and the second portion;

[0010] The length l of the first portion s 2 to 3 mm; the length of the second portion l h The radius r of the arc-shaped connecting member is 1 to 2 mm;

[0011] The distance D between the axis of the first part and the axis of the supporting medium plate is 4 to 5 mm;

[0012] The cross section of the metal probe is circular, and the diameter D of the circle is f 0.2~0.8mm.

[0013] Preferably, a dielectric plate through hole is provided on the supporting dielectric plate, the first portion of the metal probe is inserted into the dielectric plate through hole, and the bottom end of the first portion is flush with the ground of the supporting dielectric plate;

[0014] The thickness H of the supporting medium plate is 0.5-1 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the inner spherical shell is provided with an inner spherical shell through hole, the outer spherical shell is provided with an outer spherical shell through hole, and the coaxial feed line passes through the inner spherical shell through hole and the outer spherical shell through hole in sequence.

[0016] Preferably, the inner radius R4 of the inner spherical shell is 5-6 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the metal layer has an avoidance hole, and the first part is located in the avoidance hole, so as to achieve an insulating arrangement between the metal layer and the first part;

[0018] The inner core of the coaxial feeder is connected to the bottom end of the first part, and the shielding layer of the coaxial feeder is connected to the metal layer.

[0019] Preferably, 2N SRR dielectric plates are vertically arranged on the supporting dielectric plate, where N=1-3 and N is an integer;

[0020] When N=1, the two SRR dielectric plates are located on both sides of the metal probe, and the distances between the two SRR dielectric plates and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate are equal;

[0021] When N is 2 or 3, half of the SRR dielectric plates are located on one side of the metal probe, and the other half are located on the other side of the metal probe. The distance between two adjacent SRR dielectric plates on one side of the metal probe is equal, and the distance between two adjacent SRR dielectric plates on the other side of the metal probe is equal.

[0022] The distances from the innermost SRR medium plate in half of the number of SRR medium plates and the innermost SRR medium plate in the other half of the number of SRR medium plates to the axis of the supporting medium plate are equal;

[0023] Each SRR dielectric plate is parallel to the metal probe.

[0024] Preferably, a first split ring resonator and a second split ring resonator are symmetrically etched on the side surface of each SRR dielectric plate;

[0025] The first split ring resonator and the second split ring resonator on each SRR dielectric plate are both oriented toward the metal probe.

[0026] Preferably, the first split ring resonator and the second split ring resonator are both rectangular rings with an opening, with an outer side length l of 1 to 2 mm, a line width w of 0.1 to 0.2 mm, an opening size g of 0.1 to 0.3 mm, and the opening facing upward;

[0027] The first split ring resonator has a symmetrical structure, the second split ring resonator has a symmetrical structure, and a distance e between the first split ring resonator and the second split ring resonator is 0.5 to 1.5 mm;

[0028] A distance d between the bottom ends of the first split ring resonator and the second split ring resonator and the bottom end of the SRR dielectric plate is 0.2-1 mm.

[0029] Preferably, when N=1, the distance a between the two SRR dielectric plates and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate is 0.3-1 mm;

[0030] When N is 2 or 3, the distance a between the innermost SRR dielectric plate of half the number of SRR dielectric plates and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate of the other half of the number of SRR dielectric plates is 0.3 to 1 mm;

[0031] The distance between two adjacent SRR dielectric plates on one side of the metal probe is equal to a, and the distance between two adjacent SRR dielectric plates on the other side of the metal probe is equal to a.

[0032] A second aspect of the present invention provides a signal receiving and transmitting method of the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted liquid antenna, comprising:

[0033] Signal transmission: The external RF signal is input through the inner core of the coaxial feeder. The shielding layer and the metal layer are grounded to form a closed loop. The external RF signal is transmitted through the inner core of the coaxial feeder to the metal probe. The metal probe contacts the first conductive liquid medium, stimulating its surface current and generating electromagnetic wave radiation. This electromagnetic wave radiation passes through the inner and outer spherical shells and is received by the satellite.

[0034] Signal reception: After the external electromagnetic wave penetrates the outer spherical shell and the inner spherical shell, the current is induced by the surface of the first conductive liquid medium, coupled to the coaxial feeder through the metal probe, and then transmitted to the back-end RF processing module.

[0035] This invention innovatively employs a double-layer spherical shell topology and leverages the unique properties of liquid gravity. Leveraging the lower-heavy, upper-light nature of the two layers of liquid, this design creates a vehicle-mounted liquid antenna whose beam pointing remains unaffected by the antenna's attitude. Furthermore, to further enhance gain, a split-ring resonator structure is employed. This innovative integration of the split-ring resonator with the liquid antenna improves communication stability and enhances communication effectiveness in complex terrain, such as uphill and downhill climbs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a top view of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna structure;

[0039] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of beam pointing;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the metal layer and avoidance hole;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the inner core and the shielding layer;

[0042] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the SRR dielectric plate;

[0043] Figure 8 This is the distribution when four SRR dielectric plates are installed;

[0044] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a first split ring resonator and a second split ring resonator;

[0045] Figure 10 This is the radiation performance of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna without the SRR dielectric plate;

[0046] Figure 11The radiation performance of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna equipped with two SRR dielectric plates;

[0047] Figure 12 The radiation performance of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna equipped with four SRR dielectric plates;

[0048] Figure 13 The radiation performance of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna equipped with 6 SRR dielectric plates;

[0049] Figure 14 This is the surface current distribution of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna without the SRR dielectric plate;

[0050] Figure 15 This is the surface current distribution of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna equipped with four SRR dielectric plates.

[0051] Description of Reference Numerals

[0052] 1. Inner spherical shell; 1.1. Through hole of inner spherical shell; 2. Outer spherical shell; 2.1. Through hole of outer spherical shell; 3. Support dielectric plate; 4. First conductive liquid medium; 5. Second conductive liquid medium; 6. Metal probe; 6.1. First part; 6.2. Second part; 6.3. Arc-shaped connector; 7. Coaxial feed line; 7.1. Inner core; 7.2. Shielding layer; 8. Metal layer; 9. Avoidance hole; 10. SRR dielectric plate; 11. First open ring resonator; 12. Second open ring resonator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0054] The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values should be understood to include values close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoints of each range, the endpoints of each range and individual point values, and the individual point values can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered to be specifically disclosed herein.

[0055] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0056] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments provided by the present invention can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] like Figures 1 to 3 The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna shown includes an inner spherical shell 1 and an outer spherical shell 2 sleeved outside the inner spherical shell 1. A supporting dielectric plate 3 is provided in the inner spherical shell 1, and the supporting dielectric plate 3 divides the inner spherical shell 1 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The upper chamber is filled with a first conductive liquid medium 4, and the lower chamber is filled with a second conductive liquid medium 5. The density of the first conductive liquid medium 4 is less than that of the second conductive liquid medium 5.

[0059] A metal probe 6 for feeding the first conductive liquid medium 4 is provided on the supporting dielectric plate 3, and a coaxial feed line 7 is provided in the lower chamber. The coaxial feed line 7 is used to feed the metal probe 6, and the coaxial feed line 7 is connected to the metal probe 6;

[0060] A metal layer 8 for grounding is provided on one side of the supporting dielectric plate 3 facing the second conductive liquid medium 5 .

[0061] Since the existing vehicle-mounted GPS antenna is a directional antenna, when the vehicle is going uphill or downhill, the beam direction of the directional antenna will tilt with the tilt of the vehicle and cannot be perpendicular to the ground and point to the sky. Figure 4 As shown in the original beam in , this will affect the quality of communication; the "tumbler" structure is a structure that is heavy at the bottom and light at the top, and its center of gravity is generally lower than the geometric center. When an external force acts on it and causes it to tilt at a certain angle, the center of gravity of the "tumbler" will move up. According to the principle of minimum potential energy, the "tumbler" is unstable at this time, and it has a tendency to return to its initial equilibrium state. When the external force is removed, the "tumbler" will return to its initial state. Therefore, based on this principle, the present invention utilizes the characteristics of the two liquids that are heavy at the bottom and light at the top to design a directional radiation vehicle-mounted liquid antenna. The beam direction does not change when the vehicle tilts, and the effect of beam direction being independent of posture can be achieved (such as Figure 4 The desired beam is shown in ).

[0062] The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna of the present invention adopts a double-layer spherical shell topology structure, and the supporting dielectric plate 3 is located in the center of the inner spherical shell 1, that is, ensuring that the upper chamber and the lower chamber are of the same size to ensure better effect; wherein the supporting dielectric plate 3 is an F4B dielectric plate, which mainly serves to support the metal probe 6.

[0063] The first conductive liquid medium 4 is water with a density of 1 g / cm 3 Water is easy to obtain and has low cost. A large number of experiments have shown that water is a good radiation medium material (low ohmic loss and dielectric loss). It can be stimulated to generate electromagnetic radiation by the metal probe 6. The second conductive liquid medium 5 is gallium indium tin liquid metal (Galinstan liquid metal), which is commercially available and has a density of 6.44g / cm 3 , mainly serves as a grounding function. Compared with many other liquid metals (including gallium element, gallium-indium alloy EGaIn, etc.), Galinstan liquid metal has a lower melting point and higher density, and its electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity are better. It is more suitable to be used as a conductive liquid medium for the lower layer. The present invention mainly uses it as a grounding conductor material with higher density; due to the different densities of the two layers of liquid and the greater density of Galinstan liquid metal, according to the "tumbler" principle, no matter how the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna is tilted, the main radiator of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna will return to its original equilibrium state.

[0064] Preferably, the first conductive liquid medium 4 needs to fill the upper chamber, and the second conductive liquid medium 5 needs to fill the lower chamber, that is, the volume of the first conductive liquid medium 4 used is equal to the volume of the upper chamber, and the volume of the second conductive liquid medium 5 used is equal to the volume of the lower chamber.

[0065] Furthermore, the metal probe 6 includes a first part 6.1 perpendicular to the supporting dielectric plate 3, a second part 6.2 parallel to the supporting dielectric plate 3, and an arc-shaped connecting member 6.3 connecting the first part 6.1 and the second part 6.2 to form an overall "inverted L" shaped structure. The purpose of setting it into this shape is to correct the beam and point it upward, otherwise there will be some deviation, resulting in poor gain effect.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the metal probe 6 is made of copper and has an impedance of 50Ω. The metal probe 6 is in full contact with water and is mainly used to feed electricity to the water.

[0067] Further preferably, the size and position of the metal probe 6 in the present invention are required, otherwise the frequency will be deviated, wherein the length l of the first part 6.1 of the metal probe 6 is s The length l of the second portion 6.2 of the metal probe 6 is 2 to 3 mm; hThe radius r of the arc-shaped connecting member 6.3 of the metal probe 6 is 1 to 2 mm.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the distance D between the axis of the first portion 6.1 of the metal probe 6 and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3 is 4-5 mm.

[0069] Furthermore, the cross section of the metal probe 6 is circular, and the diameter D of the circle is f 0.2~0.8mm.

[0070] In order to avoid frequency deviation, the present invention limits the size and position of the metal probe 6 to the above range. In a specific embodiment, the length l of the first part 6.1 of the metal probe 6 is s The length l of the second portion 6.2 of the metal probe 6 is 2.3mm; h the radius r of the arc-shaped connecting member 6.3 of the metal probe 6 is 1.5 mm; the distance D between the axis of the first portion 6.1 of the metal probe 6 and the axis of the supporting medium plate 3 is 4.3 mm.

[0071] In a specific embodiment, the cross section of the metal probe 6 is circular, and the diameter D of the circle is f 0.5mm.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a dielectric plate through hole is further provided on the supporting dielectric plate 3, wherein the first part 6.1 of the metal probe 6 is inserted into the dielectric plate through hole, and the bottom end of the first part 6.1 of the metal probe 6 is flush with the ground of the supporting dielectric plate 3, so as to facilitate connection with the coaxial feeder 7.

[0073] Specifically, the size of the dielectric plate through hole is adapted to and fits tightly with the first portion 6.1 of the metal probe 6. Even if a small amount of the first conductive liquid medium 4 leaks from the dielectric plate through hole, it will not be affected because the two layers of liquid have different densities and are immiscible.

[0074] Furthermore, the thickness H of the supporting medium plate 3 of the present invention is 0.5-1 mm.

[0075] In a specific embodiment, the thickness H of the supporting medium plate 3 is 0.8 mm.

[0076] In the present invention, the material of the inner spherical shell 1 and the outer spherical shell 2 are both ceramic-like alumina, and are made using 3D printing technology. The size of the inner spherical shell 1 and the outer spherical shell 2 is determined according to the specific working conditions during use. During actual use, the inner spherical shell 1 and the outer spherical shell 2 will contact each other.

[0077] Among them, in order to facilitate the passage of the coaxial feed line 7, an inner spherical shell through hole 1.1 is opened on the lower chamber of the inner spherical shell 1, and an outer spherical shell through hole 2.1 is opened on the outer spherical shell 2. One end of the coaxial feed line 7 is connected to the metal probe 6, and the other end passes through the inner spherical shell through hole 1.1 and the outer spherical shell through hole 2.1 in turn, and is connected to the corresponding feeding equipment when in use.

[0078] Preferably, the size of the inner spherical shell through hole 1.1 can just fit the size of the coaxial feed line 7. On the one hand, it can allow the coaxial feed line 7 to pass through. On the other hand, when the coaxial feed line 7 passes through the inner spherical shell through hole 1.1, it can prevent the second conductive liquid medium 5 from leaking out of the inner spherical shell through hole 1.1.

[0079] In the present invention, the size of the inner spherical shell 1 and the outer spherical shell 2 can be determined according to the specific working conditions and can be used normally (the inner spherical shell 1 and the outer spherical shell 2 will not have much impact on the radiation of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna). It is only necessary to ensure that when in use, the inner spherical shell 1 and the outer spherical shell 2 can each roll freely without affecting each other, and the distance between the inner spherical shell 1 and the outer spherical shell 2 (that is, the distance between the outer wall of the inner spherical shell 1 and the inner wall of the outer spherical shell 2) is greater than the diameter of the coaxial feeder 7, wherein the inner radius R4 of the inner spherical shell 1 is 5 to 6 mm.

[0080] In a specific embodiment, the inner radius R4 of the inner spherical shell 1 is 5.7 mm, the outer radius R3 of the inner spherical shell 1 is 6.3 mm, the inner radius R2 of the outer spherical shell 2 is 7.2 mm, and the outer radius R3 of the outer spherical shell 2 is 7.7 mm.

[0081] Among them, the inner radius of the inner spherical shell 1 refers to the distance between the inner wall of the inner spherical shell 1 and the center of the inner spherical shell 1, the outer radius of the inner spherical shell 1 refers to the distance between the outer wall of the inner spherical shell 1 and the center of the inner spherical shell 1, the inner radius of the outer spherical shell 2 refers to the distance between the inner wall of the outer spherical shell 2 and the center of the outer spherical shell 2, and the outer radius of the outer spherical shell 2 refers to the distance between the outer wall of the outer spherical shell 2 and the center of the outer spherical shell 2.

[0082] The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna is connected to the RF front end via a coaxial feeder 7. This connection link is the key path for signal transmission. As a commonly used feeder, the structural design of the coaxial feeder 7 can effectively reduce electromagnetic interference and ensure stable signal transmission. During the connection process, the determination of the feeder length cannot be arbitrary, but the impedance matching problem must be fully considered. It is usually required to match the system standard impedance (such as 50Ω). If the impedance does not match, the signal will be reflected during the transmission process, resulting in signal energy loss and reducing the radiation efficiency and receiving sensitivity of the antenna. At the same time, in a specific embodiment, when the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna is used, due to the size difference between the inner spherical shell 1 and the outer spherical shell 2, the relative position between the inner spherical shell 1 and the outer spherical shell 2 will change in real time, and the relative position of the inner spherical shell through hole 1.1 and the outer spherical shell through hole 2.1 will also change at any time (part of the coaxial feed line 7 will be located between the inner spherical shell 1 and the outer spherical shell 2. If only a single-layer spherical shell is set, the relatively long coaxial feed line is equivalent to being outside the antenna body, which is more risky. Setting a double-layer spherical shell is equivalent to constraining the coaxial feed line 7 between the inner spherical shell 1 and the outer spherical shell 2. It changes within a specific space without the risk of getting caught or breaking the line). In order to ensure that the feeding of the first conductive liquid medium 4 is not affected, it is necessary to ensure that the coaxial feed line 7 has a certain length. When the relative positions of the inner spherical shell through hole 1.1 and the outer spherical shell through hole 2.1 change in real time, the length of the coaxial feed line 7 can ensure that it can be used normally even when the relative positions of the inner spherical shell through hole 1.1 and the outer spherical shell through hole 2.1 reach the maximum. This means that no matter how the inner spherical shell 1 rotates, the coaxial feed line 7 outside the inner spherical shell 1 can always feed it.

[0083] If only a single-layer spherical shell is set up, the relatively long coaxial feed line is equivalent to being outside the antenna body, which is more risky. Setting up a double-layer spherical shell is equivalent to restraining these wires and making them move within a specific space. For the tester, only the angle of the outer sphere needs to be changed, and there is no risk of getting caught or breaking the wire.

[0084] The coaxial feeder 7 used in the present invention is a coaxial feeder 7 conventionally used in the art, which includes an inner core 7.1 and a shielding layer 7.2, wherein the shielding layer 7.2 is sleeved outside the inner core 7.1, and the shielding layer 7.2 is coaxial with the inner core 7.1.

[0085] Furthermore, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the actual operation of connecting the coaxial feed line 7 to the metal probe 6, it is necessary to first separate the inner core 7.1 and the shielding layer 7.2 at one end of the coaxial feed line 7, and then connect the inner core 7.1 at this location to the metal probe 6, and the shielding layer 7.2 to the metal layer 8. In order to avoid the occurrence of a short circuit caused by contact between the inner core 7.1 and the metal layer 8, the metal layer 8 has an avoidance hole 9 (the metal layer 8 is relatively thin and is not shown in other structural figures, so an additional hole is provided). Figure 5 and Figure 6 Used to illustrate the specific structure), such as Figures 5-6 As shown ( Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the metal layer 8 and the avoidance hole 9. Figure 6 is a connection diagram of the inner core 7.1 and the shielding layer 7.2), and the first part 6.1 of the metal probe 6 is located in the avoidance hole 9, thereby realizing the insulation setting of the metal layer 8 and the first part 6.1 of the metal probe 6 (the metal probe 6 and the metal layer 8 cannot contact each other, otherwise a short circuit will be caused, so the surface area of the avoidance hole 9 needs to be larger than the cross-section of the first part 6.1 of the metal probe 6 to avoid the bottom end of the first part 6.1 of the metal probe 6 from contacting the metal layer 8).

[0086] In a specific embodiment, the metal layer 8 is made of copper, for example, the metal layer 8 may be a copper sheet.

[0087] Furthermore, in the specific operation, the inner core 7.1 at one end of the coaxial feed line 7 is connected to the bottom end of the first part 6.1 of the metal probe 6 (connected by welding), and the shielding layer 7.2 of the coaxial feed line 7 is connected to the metal layer 8 (also connected by welding).

[0088] Furthermore, in order to prevent the inner core 7.1 and the shielding layer 7.2 at one end of the coaxial feed line 7 connected to the metal probe 6 from contacting each other, in actual operation, it is necessary to fill the area around the inner core 7.1 connected to the bottom end of the first part 6.1 of the metal probe 6 with insulating glue. At the same time, it can also prevent the second conductive liquid medium 5 and the inner core 7.1 from contacting and causing a short circuit.

[0089] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, to further improve the gain of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna of the present invention, a split ring resonator (SRR) is embedded within the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna. The split ring resonator (SRR) is an artificial electromagnetic metamaterial structure whose core characteristic is that it strongly couples with electromagnetic waves through magnetic resonance to form an equivalent magnetic dipole. When the magnetic field component of the electromagnetic wave is perpendicular to the plane of the SRR, a current is induced in the ring, generating a magnetic dipole moment.

[0090] Therefore, specifically, 2N SRR dielectric plates 10 are vertically arranged on the supporting dielectric plate 3 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, N=1-3 and N is an integer; that is, 2, 4 or 6 SRR dielectric plates 10 may be vertically arranged on the supporting dielectric plate 3 of the present invention.

[0091] In a specific embodiment, these 2N SRR dielectric plates 10 can be installed on the supporting dielectric plate 3 by welding, or a snap-in block is provided at the bottom of each of the 2N SRR dielectric plates 10, and a slot adapted to these snap-in blocks is provided on the supporting dielectric plate 3, and each SRR dielectric plate 10 is snap-fitted into the slot on the supporting dielectric plate 3 through the snap-in block at the bottom.

[0092] When N=1, two SRR dielectric plates 10 are located on either side of the metal probe 6, and the distances between the two SRR dielectric plates 10 and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3 are equal. When N is 2 or 3, half of the SRR dielectric plates 10 are located on one side of the metal probe 6, and the other half of the SRR dielectric plates 10 are located on the other side of the metal probe 6. The distances between two adjacent SRR dielectric plates 10 on one side of the metal probe 6 are equal, and the distances between two adjacent SRR dielectric plates 10 on the other side of the metal probe 6 are equal. The distances between the innermost SRR dielectric plates 10 of half of the SRR dielectric plates 10 and the innermost SRR dielectric plates 10 of the other half of the SRR dielectric plates 10 and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3 are equal. Each SRR dielectric plate 10 is parallel to the metal probe 6.

[0093] Specifically, these SRR dielectric plates 10 are all F4B dielectric plates, and each SRR dielectric plate 10 has the same size and shape.

[0094] In a specific embodiment, each SRR dielectric plate 10 is a rectangular plate, the length c of each SRR dielectric plate is 4 mm, and the width b of each SRR dielectric plate is 2.7 mm.

[0095] For example, when two SRR dielectric plates 10 are vertically arranged on the supporting dielectric plate 3, the two SRR dielectric plates 10 are respectively located on both sides of the metal probe 6, with one SRR dielectric plate 10 on each side of the metal probe 6, and the distances between the two SRR dielectric plates 10 and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3 are equal; when four SRR dielectric plates 10 are vertically arranged on the supporting dielectric plate 3, two of the SRR dielectric plates 10 are located on one side of the metal probe 6, and the other two SRR dielectric plates 10 are located on the other side of the metal probe 6, the distance between the two SRR dielectric plates 10 on one side of the metal probe 6 is equal, and the distance between the two SRR dielectric plates 10 on the other side of the metal probe 6 is equal; the distances between the two SRR dielectric plates 10 and the innermost SRR dielectric plate 10 of the other two SRR dielectric plates 10 and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3 are equal ( Figure 8(The figure shows the distribution when four SRR dielectric plates 10 are provided.) When six SRR dielectric plates 10 are vertically provided on the supporting dielectric plate 3, three of the SRR dielectric plates 10 are located on one side of the metal probe 6, and the other three SRR dielectric plates 10 are located on the other side of the metal probe 6. The distances between the three SRR dielectric plates 10 located on one side of the metal probe 6 are equal, and the distances between the three SRR dielectric plates 10 located on the other side of the metal probe 6 are equal. The three SRR dielectric plates 10 and the innermost SRR dielectric plate 10 among the other three SRR dielectric plates 10 are at the same distance from the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3.

[0096] Furthermore, a first split ring resonator 11 and a second split ring resonator 12 are symmetrically etched on the side of each SRR dielectric plate 10 (the first split ring resonator 11 and the second split ring resonator 12 on each SRR dielectric plate 10 are both located on a plane on one side of the SRR dielectric plate 10). Figure 9 and the first split ring resonator 11 and the second split ring resonator 12 on each SRR dielectric plate 10 are oriented toward the metal probe 6 .

[0097] The first open ring resonator 11 and the second open ring resonator 12 in the present invention are both rectangular rings with openings, and further are square rings. Their corresponding geometric parameters are different, and the resonant frequencies are different; wherein the outer side length l of the first open ring resonator 11 is 1 to 2 mm, the line width w is 0.1 to 0.2 mm, the opening size g is 0.1 to 0.3 mm, and the opening is facing upward; the outer side length l of the first open ring resonator 11 is 1 to 2 mm, the line width w is 0.1 to 0.2 mm, the opening size g is 0.1 to 0.3 mm, and the opening is facing upward; the first open ring resonator 11 and the second open ring resonator 12 are the same in size and shape.

[0098] In a specific embodiment, the outer length l of the first split ring resonator 11 is 1.3 mm, the line width w is 0.15 mm, and the opening size g is 0.2 mm; the outer length l of the second split ring resonator 12 is 1.3 mm, the line width w is 0.15 mm, and the opening size g is 0.2 mm.

[0099] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first split ring resonator 11 on each SRR dielectric plate 10 is a symmetrical structure, the second split ring resonator 12 on each SRR dielectric plate 10 is a symmetrical structure, and the distance e between the first split ring resonator 11 and the second split ring resonator 12 on each SRR dielectric plate 10 is 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

[0100] In a specific embodiment, the distance e between the first split ring resonator 11 and the second split ring resonator 12 on each SRR dielectric plate 10 is 1 mm.

[0101] In the present invention, the distance d between the bottom end of the first split ring resonator 11 and the second split ring resonator 12 on each SRR dielectric plate 10 and the bottom end of the SRR dielectric plate 10 is 0.2 to 1 mm, that is, the distance between the first split ring resonator 11 on each SRR dielectric plate 10 and the bottom end of the SRR dielectric plate 10 is equal to the distance between the second split ring resonator 12 on each SRR dielectric plate 10 and the bottom end of the SRR dielectric plate 10, both of which are 0.2 to 1 mm.

[0102] Among them, the distance d between the bottom end of the first split ring resonator 11 and the second split ring resonator 12 on each SRR dielectric plate 10 and the bottom end of the SRR dielectric plate 10 is also the distance between the bottom end of the first split ring resonator 11 and the second split ring resonator 12 on each SRR dielectric plate 10 and the supporting dielectric plate 3.

[0103] When N=1, the distance a between the two SRR dielectric plates 10 and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3 is 0.3-1 mm.

[0104] In a specific embodiment, when N=1, the distance a between the two SRR dielectric plates 10 and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3 is 0.7 mm.

[0105] In the present invention, when N is 2 or 3, the distance a between the innermost SRR dielectric plates 10 of half the number of SRR dielectric plates 10 and the axis center of the supporting dielectric plate 3 of the other half of the number of SRR dielectric plates 10 is 0.3 to 1 mm; the distance between two adjacent SRR dielectric plates 10 on one side of the metal probe 6 is equal to a, and the distance between two adjacent SRR dielectric plates 10 on the other side of the metal probe 6 is also equal to a.

[0106] In a specific embodiment, when N is 2 or 3, the distance a between half of the SRR dielectric plates 10 and the innermost SRR dielectric plate 10 of the other half of the SRR dielectric plates 10 and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3 is 0.7 mm.

[0107] For example, when four SRR dielectric plates 10 are vertically arranged on the supporting dielectric plate 3, the distance between the SRR dielectric plate 10 located on one side of the metal probe 6 and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3 is equal to a, and the distance between the SRR dielectric plate 10 far away from the metal probe 6 and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3 is 2a; the distance between the SRR dielectric plate 10 located on the other side of the metal probe 6 and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3 is equal to a, and the distance between the SRR dielectric plate 10 far away from the metal probe 6 and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3 is 2a; when six SRR dielectric plates 10 are vertically arranged on the supporting dielectric plate 3, the distance between the SRR dielectric plate 10 located on one side of the metal probe 6 and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3 is equal to a, and the distance between the SRR dielectric plate 10 located on the other side of the metal probe 6 and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3 is 2a. The distance between the axial centers of the dielectric plates 3 is equal to a, the distance between the SRR dielectric plate 10 away from the metal probe 6 and the axial center of the supporting dielectric plate 3 is 3a, and the distance between the SRR dielectric plate 10 located between the SRR dielectric plate 10 away from the metal probe 6 and the SRR dielectric plate 10 close to the metal probe 6 and the axial center of the supporting dielectric plate 3 is 2a; among the SRR dielectric plates 10 located on the other side of the metal probe 6, the distance between the SRR dielectric plate 10 close to the metal probe 6 and the axial center of the supporting dielectric plate 3 is equal to a, the distance between the SRR dielectric plate 10 away from the metal probe 6 and the axial center of the supporting dielectric plate 3 is 3a, and the distance between the SRR dielectric plate 10 located between the SRR dielectric plate 10 away from the metal probe 6 and the SRR dielectric plate 10 close to the metal probe 6 and the axial center of the supporting dielectric plate 3 is 2a.

[0108] To ensure that vehicle-mounted antennas have good performance in actual applications, professional simulation software (such as HFSS and CST) can be used for modeling and analysis to analyze the electric field distribution and radiation pattern of the antenna.

[0109] In order to further illustrate the influence of the split ring resonator on the gain effect of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna of the present invention, vehicle-mounted liquid antennas with no SRR dielectric plate 10, two SRR dielectric plates 10, four SRR dielectric plates 10, and six SRR dielectric plates 10 were assembled respectively (i.e., the total number of the first split ring resonator 11 and the second split ring resonator 12 in each vehicle-mounted liquid antenna was 0, 4, 8, and 10, respectively). The radiation gain performance of these vehicle-mounted liquid antennas at various angles was tested using a vector network analyzer (a vector network analyzer is an instrument used to measure network parameters. In the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna test, it can accurately measure key indicators such as the input impedance and standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna. By connecting the vector network analyzer to the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna, the impedance curve of the antenna within the working frequency band can be obtained to determine its matching degree with the standard impedance of 50Ω. The standing wave ratio reflects the reflection of the signal during transmission. The closer the standing wave ratio is to 1, the better the impedance matching is). The measurement was carried out in a darkroom environment to draw a 3D gain graph, and the results are shown as follows: Figures 10-13 As shown, Figure 10 The test results are as follows: Figure 11 To set the test results of two SRR dielectric plates 10, Figure 12 To set the test results of 4 SRR dielectric plates 10, Figure 13 To set the test results of 6 SRR dielectric plates 10, according to Figures 10-13 It can be seen that the more open ring resonators there are, the higher the gain of the corresponding vehicle-mounted liquid antenna will be. When the total number of the first open ring resonator 11 and the second open ring resonator 12 increases to 8 (that is, when 4 SRR dielectric plates 10 are set), the gain at this time has reached 2dbi. When the number of SRR dielectric plates 10 (the first open ring resonator 11 and the second open ring resonator 12) is increased, the gain decreases instead. This may be because as the number of metal rings increases, their loss also increases. It can be seen that setting 4 SRR dielectric plates 10 in the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna has the best effect.

[0110] Furthermore, the present invention also detects the surface current distribution of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna radiator without SRR dielectric plate 10 and with four SRR dielectric plates 10 (the surface current is simulated in HFSS electromagnetic analysis software), and the results are as follows: Figures 14-15 As shown, Figure 14 The test results are as follows: Figure 15 To set the test results of 4 SRR dielectric plates 10, according to Figures 14-15 It can be seen that Figures 14-15(All are top views). When the first split ring resonator 11 and the second split ring resonator 12 are not loaded (i.e., no SRR dielectric plate 10 is provided), the surface current distribution of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna may be relatively dispersed. After a total of eight first split ring resonators 11 and second split ring resonators 12 are loaded (i.e., four SRR dielectric plates 10 are provided), the magnetic resonance characteristics of the split ring resonators are coupled with the electromagnetic field of the main radiator (gallium indium tin liquid metal) of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna, causing the current to concentrate above the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna. This effect is similar to the function of the reflector or director in a traditional directional antenna. The concentration of current reduces the energy loss in the non-radiation direction and concentrates more energy in the main radiation direction (perpendicular to the ground), thereby improving the directivity and gain of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna. Therefore, compared with the case where no SRR dielectric plate 10 is provided, the gain effect of providing four SRR dielectric plates 10 is better.

[0111] Based on these results, the present invention leverages the unique properties of liquid gravity to design a vehicle-mounted liquid antenna whose beam pointing is unaffected by the antenna's posture. Furthermore, to further enhance gain, a split-ring resonator structure is employed. This innovative combination of a split-ring resonator and the liquid antenna improves communication stability and enhances communication effectiveness in complex terrain, such as uphill and downhill climbs.

[0112] Example 2

[0113] The signal receiving and transmitting method of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna in Example 1 includes:

[0114] Feeding the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna;

[0115] Signal transmission: The external RF signal is input through the inner core 7.1 of the coaxial feeder 7, and the shielding layer 7.2 and the metal layer 8 are grounded to form a closed loop. The external RF signal is transmitted to the metal probe 6 via the inner core 7.1 of the coaxial feeder 7 (the external RF signal is transmitted to the first part 6.1 of the metal probe 6 via the inner core 7.1 of the coaxial feeder 7, and is transmitted to the second part 6.2 of the metal probe 6 via the arc-shaped connecting piece 6.3). The metal probe 6 contacts the first conductive liquid medium 4, stimulating its surface current, generating electromagnetic wave radiation (the high density of the second conductive liquid medium 5 ensures the stability of the interface between the upper and lower chambers, avoiding signal distortion caused by liquid sloshing). This electromagnetic wave radiation passes through the inner spherical shell 1 and the outer spherical shell 2 and is received by the satellite.

[0116] The first split ring resonator 11 and the second split ring resonator 12 etched on each SRR dielectric plate 10 couple with the metal probe 6 to produce a magnetic resonance effect, thereby expanding the operating bandwidth or achieving dual-band radiation (such as the GPS L1 / L2 band). At the same time, the symmetrically distributed SRR dielectric plates 10 can also suppress sidelobe radiation and enhance the field strength in the main radiation direction (perpendicular to the axis of the supporting dielectric plate 3).

[0117] Signal reception: After the external electromagnetic wave penetrates the outer spherical shell 2 and the inner spherical shell 1, a current is induced on the surface of the first conductive liquid medium 4 and coupled to the coaxial feeder 7 through the metal probe 6. The inverted L-shaped structure of the metal probe 6 (a first portion 6.1 perpendicular to the supporting dielectric plate 3, a second portion 6.2 parallel to the supporting dielectric plate 3, and an arc-shaped connector 6.3 connecting the first portion 6.1 and the second portion 6.2) achieves impedance matching, efficiently transmitting the induced current to the inner core 7.1 of the coaxial feeder 7. The current is then further transmitted to the back-end RF processing module (such as a low-noise amplifier, filter, etc.) through the inner core 7.1.

[0118] The first open ring resonator 11 and the second open ring resonator 12 can produce selective resonance in a specific frequency band (such as the 5.8GHz vehicle networking frequency band) to improve the receiving sensitivity; at the same time, the metal layer 8 can also isolate the reflection noise of the second conductive liquid medium 5 and reduce the signal background noise.

[0119] Moreover, the density of the second conductive liquid medium 5 used is higher, and the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna can be maintained in a balanced state during the above-mentioned signal transmission and signal reception process (that is, no matter how the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna is tilted, the main radiator of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna will return to the original balanced state).

[0120] The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna of the present invention has reciprocity, that is, it can work in both directions under the same electromagnetic environment, and can be used as a transmitting antenna to send signals, or as a receiving antenna to capture signals. This characteristic originates from the reciprocity theorem in electromagnetic theory, and its core principle is that the parameters such as the directional pattern, gain, and polarization characteristics of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna when transmitting and receiving are symmetrical. Therefore, the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna can be used as a receiving antenna to receive signals transmitted from the satellite through electromagnetic induction; at the same time, based on the unique properties of liquid gravity, the beam pointing of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna is not affected by the antenna posture in actual use. In order to further improve the gain, an open ring resonator structure is adopted to improve the communication stability of the car in complex terrains such as uphill and downhill, thereby enhancing the communication effect.

[0121] It should be understood that parts not elaborated in detail in this specification belong to the prior art.

[0122] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various simple variations of the technical solution of the present invention may be made, including combining the various technical features in any other appropriate manner. These simple variations and combinations should also be regarded as disclosed in the present invention and fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted liquid antenna, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna comprises an inner spherical shell (1) and an outer spherical shell (2) sleeved outside the inner spherical shell (1); a supporting dielectric plate (3) is provided in the inner spherical shell (1); the supporting dielectric plate (3) divides the inner spherical shell (1) into an upper chamber and a lower chamber; the upper chamber is filled with a first conductive liquid medium (4), and the lower chamber is filled with a second conductive liquid medium (5); the density of the first conductive liquid medium (4) is less than the density of the second conductive liquid medium (5); A metal probe (6) for feeding the first conductive liquid medium (4) is provided on the supporting dielectric plate (3); a coaxial feed line (7) is provided in the lower chamber; the coaxial feed line (7) is used to feed the metal probe (6), and the coaxial feed line (7) is connected to the metal probe (6); A metal layer (8) for grounding is provided on one side of the supporting medium plate (3) facing the second conductive liquid medium (5).

2. The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first conductive liquid medium (4) is water, and the second conductive liquid medium (5) is gallium indium tin liquid metal.

3. The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The metal probe (6) comprises a first portion (6.1) perpendicular to the supporting medium plate (3), a second portion (6.2) parallel to the supporting medium plate (3), and an arc-shaped connecting piece (6.3) connecting the first portion (6.1) and the second portion (6.2); The length l of the first part (6.1) s The length of the second part (6.2) is 2 to 3 mm. h The radius r of the arc-shaped connecting member (6.3) is 1 to 2 mm; The distance D between the axis of the first part (6.1) and the axis of the supporting medium plate (3) is 4 to 5 mm; The cross section of the metal probe (6) is circular, and the diameter D of the circle is f 0.2~0.8mm.

4. The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: A dielectric plate through hole is provided on the supporting dielectric plate (3), and the first part (6.1) of the metal probe (6) is inserted into the dielectric plate through hole, and the bottom end of the first part (6.1) is flush with the ground of the supporting dielectric plate (3); The thickness H of the supporting medium plate (3) is 0.5-1 mm.

5. The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner spherical shell (1) is provided with an inner spherical shell through hole (1.1), the outer spherical shell (2) is provided with an outer spherical shell through hole (2.1), and the coaxial feed line (7) passes through the inner spherical shell through hole (1.1) and the outer spherical shell through hole (2.1) in sequence.

6. The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The inner radius R4 of the inner spherical shell (1) is 5 to 6 mm.

7. The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The metal layer (8) has an avoidance hole (9), and the first part (6.1) is located in the avoidance hole (9), thereby achieving an insulating arrangement between the metal layer (8) and the first part (6.1); The inner core (7.1) of the coaxial feed line (7) is connected to the bottom end of the first part (6.1), and the shielding layer (7.2) of the coaxial feed line (7) is connected to the metal layer (8).

8. The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: 2N SRR dielectric plates (10) are vertically arranged on the supporting dielectric plate (3), where N=1-3 and N is an integer; When N=1, the two SRR dielectric plates (10) are respectively located on both sides of the metal probe (6), and the distances between the two SRR dielectric plates (10) and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate (3) are equal; When N is 2 or 3, half of the SRR dielectric plates (10) are located on one side of the metal probe (6), and the other half of the SRR dielectric plates (10) are located on the other side of the metal probe (6); the distance between two adjacent SRR dielectric plates (10) among the SRR dielectric plates (10) located on one side of the metal probe (6) is equal, and the distance between two adjacent SRR dielectric plates (10) among the SRR dielectric plates (10) located on the other side of the metal probe (6) is equal; The distances from the innermost SRR dielectric plate (10) of half the number of SRR dielectric plates (10) and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate (3) are equal among the innermost SRR dielectric plates (10) of the other half of the number of SRR dielectric plates (10); Each SRR dielectric plate (10) is parallel to the metal probe (6).

9. The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: A first split ring resonator (11) and a second split ring resonator (12) are symmetrically etched on the side surface of each SRR dielectric plate (10); The first split ring resonator (11) and the second split ring resonator (12) on each SRR dielectric plate (10) are both oriented toward the metal probe (6).

10. The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first split ring resonator (11) and the second split ring resonator (12) are both rectangular rings with openings, with an outer side length l of 1 to 2 mm, a line width w of 0.1 to 0.2 mm, an opening size g of 0.1 to 0.3 mm, and the opening facing upwards; The first split ring resonator (11) is a symmetrical structure, the second split ring resonator (12) is a symmetrical structure, and a distance e between the first split ring resonator (11) and the second split ring resonator (12) is 0.5 to 1.5 mm; The distance d between the bottom ends of the first split ring resonator (11) and the second split ring resonator (12) and the bottom end of the SRR dielectric plate (10) is 0.2 to 1 mm.

11. The vehicle-mounted liquid antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: When N=1, the distance a between the two SRR dielectric plates (10) and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate (3) is 0.3-1 mm; When N is 2 or 3, the distance a between half of the number of SRR dielectric plates (10) and the innermost SRR dielectric plate (10) of the other half of the number of SRR dielectric plates (10) and the axis of the supporting dielectric plate (3) is 0.3 to 1 mm; The distance between two adjacent SRR dielectric plates (10) located on one side of the metal probe (6) is equal to a, and the distance between two adjacent SRR dielectric plates (10) located on the other side of the metal probe (6) is equal to a.

12. The signal transmitting and receiving method of the vehicle-mounted liquid antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: include: Signal transmission: an external radio frequency signal is input through the inner core (7.1) of the coaxial feeder (7), and the shielding layer (7.2) and the metal layer (8) are grounded to form a closed loop; the external radio frequency signal is transmitted to the metal probe (6) through the inner core (7.1) of the coaxial feeder (7), and the metal probe (6) contacts the first conductive liquid medium (4), stimulating the surface current thereof to form electromagnetic wave radiation, which passes through the inner spherical shell (1) and the outer spherical shell (2) and is received by the satellite; Signal reception: After the external electromagnetic wave penetrates the outer spherical shell (2) and the inner spherical shell (1), a current is induced on the surface of the first conductive liquid medium (4), coupled to the coaxial feeder (7) through the metal probe (6), and then transmitted to the back-end radio frequency processing module.

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