Multifunctional wavefront regulation and control metasurface based on double-frequency transmission type and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a multifunctional wavefront regulation and control metasurface based on a dual-frequency transmission type and a method thereof, the multifunctional wavefront regulation and control metasurface comprises a plurality of metasurface units, and each metasurface unit comprises a dielectric layer; the bottom layer is arranged on the lower side face of the dielectric layer and comprises a lower outer opening ring and a lower inner opening ring, and the lower inner opening ring is located on the inner side of the lower outer opening ring; the top layer is arranged on the upper side surface of the dielectric layer and comprises an upper outer opening ring and an upper inner opening ring, and the upper inner opening ring is located on the inner side of the upper outer opening ring; wherein the central axis of the bottom layer, the central axis of the top layer and the vertical central line of the dielectric layer are overlapped, an opening of the lower outer split ring and an opening of the upper outer split ring are symmetrically arranged in a 180-degree mode, and the lower inner split ring and the upper inner split ring are symmetrically arranged in a 180-degree mode, so that various different functions such as OAM wave beams in different modes, wave beam splitting, focusing lenses and abnormal refraction can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of metasurface devices, and in particular to a multifunctional wavefront control metasurface based on dual-frequency transmission and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, metasurfaces—two-dimensional, periodic planar materials composed of metallic or dielectric scatterers at subwavelength scales—have garnered widespread attention due to their powerful ability to manipulate electromagnetic waves. Compared to traditional optical devices, metasurfaces can modify the characteristics of incident light and exhibit novel optical properties within a single, ultra-thin layer. Furthermore, metasurfaces offer significant advantages such as light weight, ease of integration, and flexible controllability, demonstrating enormous potential for applications in imaging, sensing, and communications.

[0003] Wavefront manipulation is one of the core functions of metasurfaces. By adjusting the geometry, size, and arrangement of the unit structures, metasurfaces can flexibly control parameters such as the phase, amplitude, and polarization of electromagnetic waves, thereby generating a specific wavefront distribution. Currently, metasurface-based wavefront manipulation technology has achieved a series of results in beam deflection, focusing, and vortex beam generation.

[0004] However, existing metasurfaces, such as the one in [IEEE Access, 2019, 7:45716-45722], designed an all-medium coding metasurface. By selecting two unit structures with opposite phases (0 and π) and designing different coding arrays, when linearly polarized light is incident on the coding metasurface, beam focusing, beam splitting and diffuse scattering are achieved at 4 GHz. However, the designed metasurface can only achieve multifunctional wavefront control at a single frequency, which is difficult to meet the application requirements of multiple frequency bands. The document [Optics Express, 2019, 27(1):34-44] proposed a dual-frequency reflective metasurface that uses two phases to achieve multi-mode OAM beams. At 5.2 GHz, the transmission phase is used to achieve a phase coverage of 0-2π by changing the size of the unit structure. When linearly polarized light is incident, an OAM beam with a mode of +1 is achieved; and at 10.5-12 GHz, the geometric phase is used to achieve a phase coverage of 0-2π by rotating the metal patch. When circularly polarized light is incident, an OAM deflection beam with mode +2 is achieved. However, the designed metasurface can only achieve a single wavefront control function, making it difficult to achieve multifunctional integration and unable to independently control the functions of the two frequency bands. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional wavefront control metasurface based on a dual-frequency transmission type. The multifunctional wavefront control metasurface based on a dual-frequency transmission type has the characteristics of multiple wavefront control functions and has good applicability.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A multifunctional wavefront control metasurface based on a dual-frequency transmission type includes multiple metasurface units, and a single metasurface unit includes: a dielectric layer; a bottom layer, arranged on the lower side of the dielectric layer, the bottom layer including a lower outer opening ring and a lower inner opening ring, and the lower inner opening ring is located on the inner side of the lower outer opening ring; a top layer, arranged on the upper side of the dielectric layer, the top layer including an upper outer opening ring and an upper inner opening ring, and the upper inner opening ring is located on the inner side of the upper outer opening ring; wherein the central axis of the bottom layer, the central axis of the top layer, and the vertical center line of the dielectric layer overlap, and the opening of the lower outer opening ring is 180° symmetrical with the opening of the upper outer opening ring, and the opening of the lower inner opening ring is 180° symmetrical with the opening of the upper inner opening ring.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom layer and the top layer are made of copper, and the electrical conductivity is 5.8×10 7 S / m; the outer radius of the lower outer opening ring and the upper outer opening ring is 0.56-0.58mm, the inner radius is 0.51-0.53mm, and the opening is 0.2-0.22mm; the outer radius of the lower inner opening ring and the upper inner opening ring is 0.25-0.27mm, the inner radius is 0.2-0.22mm, and the opening is 0.14-0.16mm; the thickness of the lower outer opening ring, the upper outer opening ring, the lower inner opening ring, and the upper inner opening ring is 0.035-0.037mm.

[0008] Preferably, the dielectric layer is made of quartz with a dielectric constant of 3.78. The length and width of the dielectric layer are both 1.19-1.21 mm, and the thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.14-0.16 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the metasurface units are arranged in an N×N manner, where N is greater than or equal to 5.

[0010] A multifunctional wavefront control method based on dual-frequency transmission type is characterized by comprising a plurality of metasurface units, each of which is formed into a metasurface M1, a metasurface M2, and a metasurface M3 by photolithography.

[0011] Preferably, the multiple supersurface units of the supersurface M1 are arranged according to the following steps: S1, the lower outer open ring and the upper outer open ring are arranged with a period of 4π, the phase difference between adjacent areas is π / 4, and the lower outer open ring and the upper outer open ring are arranged 180° symmetrically; S2, the lower inner open ring and the upper inner open ring are arranged with a period of 2π, the phase difference between adjacent areas is π / 4, and the lower inner open ring and the upper inner open ring are arranged 180° symmetrically.

[0012] Preferably, the multiple supersurface units of the supersurface M2 are arranged according to the following steps: S1, the lower outer open ring and the upper outer open ring are arranged according to the periodic code sequence of 0000... or 1111... along the X axis, and according to the periodic code sequence of 0101... along the Y axis, and the lower outer open ring and the upper outer open ring are arranged 180° symmetrically; S2, the lower inner open ring and the upper inner open ring are arranged along the X axis according to the periodic coding sequence of 0101..., and along the Y axis according to the periodic coding sequence of 0000... or 1111..., and the lower inner open ring and the upper inner open ring are arranged 180° symmetrically.

[0013] Preferably, the multiple supersurface units of the supersurface M3 are arranged according to the following steps: S1, the lower outer opening ring and the upper outer opening ring are arranged along the X axis according to Calculate the phase of each position and arrange them at the same angle along the Y axis, with the lower outer open ring and the upper outer open ring symmetrically arranged at 180°; S2: The lower inner opening ring and the upper inner opening ring are arranged in a cycle along the X-axis at 0°, 45°, 90°...315°, and arranged at the same angle along the Y-axis, and the lower inner opening ring and the upper inner opening ring are symmetrically arranged at 180°.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, Φ(x) is the phase compensation required for each metasurface unit at its location along the X-axis, λ is the operating wavelength, f is the focal length, and x is the location of the metasurface unit.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The above technical solution provides a multifunctional wavefront control metasurface based on dual-frequency transmission, in which the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric layer are respectively provided with a bottom layer and a top layer, the bottom layer includes a lower outer opening ring and a lower inner opening ring, and the top layer includes an upper outer opening ring and an upper inner opening ring, the lower outer opening ring and the upper outer opening ring are symmetrically arranged at 180°, and the lower inner opening ring and the upper inner opening ring are symmetrically arranged at 180°. By changing the angles of the lower outer opening ring, the lower inner opening ring, the upper outer opening ring, and the upper inner opening ring, various functions such as OAM beams of different modes, beam splitting, focusing lenses, and abnormal refraction can be realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a dual-frequency transmission-type multifunctional wavefront control metasurface provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of the bottom layer and top layer of a dual-frequency transmission-type multifunctional wavefront control metasurface provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the electric field distribution, transmission coefficient, and phase of a dual-frequency transmission-type multifunctional wavefront control metasurface provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the phase distribution of a dual-frequency transmission-type multifunctional wavefront control metasurface provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A microscopic diagram of a metasurface unit of a metasurface M1 based on a dual-frequency transmission-type multifunctional wavefront control metasurface provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 Phase diagram of RCP wave and LCP wave incident along the +z direction of the dual-frequency transmission-type multifunctional wavefront control metasurface provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Phase diagram of RCP wave and LCP wave incident along the -z direction of the dual-frequency transmission-type multifunctional wavefront control metasurface provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the encoding of the metasurface M2 based on the dual-frequency transmission-type multifunctional wavefront control metasurface provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 Far-field scattering diagram of the dual-frequency transmission-based multifunctional wavefront control metasurface provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of some relevant information of a metasurface M3 based on a dual-frequency transmission-type multifunctional wavefront control metasurface provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of another portion of related information of the metasurface M3 based on the dual-frequency transmission-type multifunctional wavefront control metasurface provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 for Figure 10 Enlarged schematic diagram of a.

[0017] 1. Dielectric layer; 2. Bottom layer; 21. Lower outer opening ring; 22. Lower inner opening ring; 3. Top layer; 31. Upper outer opening ring; 32. Upper inner opening ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is merely illustrative and non-limiting. Various embodiments can be combined with each other to form other embodiments not shown in the following description.

[0019] See also Figures 1 to 2 The multifunctional wavefront control metasurface based on dual-frequency transmission provided by the present invention includes a dielectric layer 1, a bottom layer 2 and a top layer 3.

[0020] The bottom layer 2 is arranged on the lower side of the dielectric layer 1, and the bottom layer 2 includes a lower outer opening ring 21 and a lower inner opening ring 22, and the lower inner opening ring 22 is located on the inner side of the lower outer opening ring 21; the top layer 3 is arranged on the upper side of the dielectric layer 1, and the top layer 3 includes an upper outer opening ring 31 and an upper inner opening ring 32, and the upper inner opening ring 32 is located on the inner side of the upper outer opening ring 31; wherein, the central axis of the bottom layer 2, the central axis of the top layer 3, and the vertical center line of the dielectric layer 1 overlap, and the opening of the lower outer opening ring 21 is 180° symmetrical with the opening of the upper outer opening ring 31, and the opening of the lower inner opening ring 22 is 180° symmetrical with the opening of the upper inner opening ring 32.

[0021] Specifically, the bottom layer 2 and the top layer 3 are made of copper, and the electrical conductivity is 5.8×10 7 S / m; the outer radius of the lower outer opening ring 21 and the upper outer opening ring 31 is 0.56-0.58mm, the inner radius is 0.51-0.53mm, and the opening is 0.2-0.22mm; the outer radius of the lower inner opening ring 22 and the upper inner opening ring 32 is 0.25-0.27mm, the inner radius is 0.2-0.22mm, and the opening is 0.14-0.16mm; the thickness of the lower outer opening ring 21, the upper outer opening ring 31, the lower inner opening ring 22, and the upper inner opening ring 32 is 0.035-0.037mm.

[0022] The dielectric layer 1 is made of quartz with a dielectric constant of 3.78. The length and width of the dielectric layer 1 are both 1.19-1.21 mm, and the thickness of the dielectric layer 1 is 0.14-0.16 mm.

[0023] More specifically, the lower outer split ring 21 has an outer radius of 0.56mm, an inner radius of 0.51mm, and an opening size of 0.2mm. The lower inner split ring 22 has an outer radius of 0.25mm, an inner radius of 0.2mm, an opening size of 0.14mm, and a thickness of 0.035mm. The upper outer split ring 31 has an outer radius of 0.56mm, an inner radius of 0.51mm, and an opening size of 0.2mm. The upper inner split ring 32 has an outer radius of 0.25mm, an inner radius of 0.2mm, an opening size of 0.14mm, and a thickness of 0.035mm.

[0024] The length and width of the dielectric layer 1 are both 1.19 mm, and the thickness is 0.14 mm.

[0025] It can be imagined that the metasurface unit is the basic component unit of the multifunctional wavefront control metasurface based on the dual-frequency transmission type. Specifically, each metasurface unit is arranged in an N×N manner, where N is greater than or equal to 5. The final shape of the multifunctional wavefront control metasurface can be adjusted accordingly according to actual needs.

[0026] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 include Figure 3 a. Figure 3 b. Figure 3 c. Figure 3 d four pictures, among which Figure 3 a is the electric field distribution of the metasurface unit at 52.5 GHz; Figure 3 b is the transmission coefficient phase at 140 GHz when the outer split ring rotates; Figure 3 c is the electric field distribution of the unit structure at 140 GHz; Figure 3 d is the transmission coefficient and phase at 52.5 GHz when the inner split ring rotates.

[0027] from Figure 3 As can be seen in a, at 52.5 GHz, the electric field is only distributed along the outer open ring. Therefore, Figure 3 b shows that when the outer split ring is rotated, the amplitude and phase of the eight metasurface units at 140 GHz remain basically unchanged, which means that the effect of the rotation of the outer split ring on the transmission amplitude and phase at 140 GHz is negligible. Figure 3 It can be clearly seen in c that at 140 GHz, the electric field is only distributed along the inner open ring. Therefore, Figure 3 d. When the inner split ring is rotated, the amplitude and phase fluctuations of the eight metasurface units at 52.5 GHz are very small. Therefore, the outer split ring mainly affects the transmission amplitude and phase at 52.5 GHz, while the inner split ring mainly affects the transmission amplitude and phase at 140 GHz.

[0028] Based on this, the present invention also discloses a multifunctional wavefront control method based on dual-frequency transmission, comprising multiple metasurface units, each of which is formed by photolithography into metasurfaces M1, M2, and M3. Metasurfaces M1, M2, and M3 are arranged differently to achieve different functions. Metasurface M1 implements different modes of OAM, metasurface M2 implements beam splitting, and metasurface M3 implements a one-dimensional cylindrical focusing lens and anomalous refraction integration.

[0029] The multiple metasurface units of the metasurface M1 are arranged according to the following steps: S1, the lower outer open ring 21 and the upper outer open ring 31 are arranged according to a period of 4π, the phase difference between adjacent areas is π / 4, and the lower outer open ring 21 and the upper outer open ring 31 are 180° symmetrically arranged; S2, the lower inner open ring 22 and the upper inner open ring 32 are arranged with a period of 2π, the phase difference between adjacent areas is π / 4, and the lower inner open ring 22 and the upper inner open ring 32 are symmetrically arranged at 180°.

[0030] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 include Figure 4 a and Figure 4b, where Figure 4 a is the phase distribution when the OAM mode is +1, Figure 4 b is the phase distribution when the OAM mode is +2.

[0031] In step S1, the lower outer opening ring 21 and the upper outer opening ring 31 are formed according to Figure 4 b, the lower inner open ring 22 and the upper inner open ring 32 are arranged in the phase shown in step S2. Figure 4 Arrange the phases shown in a.

[0032] See also Figures 5 to 7 , Figure 6 include Figure 6 a. Figure 6 b. Figure 6 c. Figure 6 d, where Figure 6 a is the phase of the right-handed circularly polarized wave (RCP) incident on the metasurface along the +z direction at 52.5 GHz; Figure 6 b is the phase of the right-handed circularly polarized wave (RCP) incident on the metasurface along the +z direction at 140 GHz; Figure 6 c is the phase of the left-handed circularly polarized wave (LCP) incident on the metasurface along the +z direction at 52.5 GHz; Figure 6 d is the phase of the left-handed circularly polarized wave (LCP) incident on the metasurface along the +z direction at 140 GHz.

[0033] Figure 7 include Figure 7 a. Figure 7 b. Figure 7 c. Figure 7 d, where Figure 7 a is the phase of the right-handed circularly polarized wave (RCP) incident on the metasurface along the -z direction at 52.5 GHz; Figure 7 b is the phase of the right-handed circularly polarized wave (RCP) incident on the metasurface along the -z direction at 140 GHz; Figure 7 c is the phase of the left-handed circularly polarized wave (LCP) incident on the metasurface along the -z direction at 52.5 GHz; Figure 7 d is the phase of the left-handed circularly polarized wave (LCP) incident on the metasurface along the -z direction at 140 GHz.

[0034] It can be seen that when a right-handed circularly polarized wave (RCP) is incident on the metasurface, an OAM beam with an OAM mode of +2 is realized at 52.5 GHz, and an OAM beam with an OAM mode of +1 is realized at 140 GHz. When a left-handed circularly polarized wave (LCP) is incident on the metasurface, an OAM beam with an OAM mode of -2 is realized at 52.5 GHz, and an OAM beam with an OAM mode of -1 is realized at 140 GHz.

[0035] The multiple metasurface units of the metasurface M2 are arranged according to the following steps: S1, the lower outer open ring 21 and the upper outer open ring 31 are arranged along the X axis according to a periodic code sequence of 0000... or 1111..., and along the Y axis according to a periodic code sequence of 0101..., and the lower outer open ring 21 and the upper outer open ring 31 are arranged 180° symmetrically; S2, the lower inner open ring 22 and the upper inner open ring 32 are arranged along the X axis according to the periodic coding sequence of 0101..., and along the Y axis according to the periodic coding sequence of 0000... or 1111..., and the lower inner open ring 22 and the upper inner open ring 32 are arranged 180° symmetrically.

[0036] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 include Figure 8 a. Figure 8 b, where Figure 8 a is a schematic diagram of the coding arrangement along the y-axis according to "010101..."; Figure 8 b Schematic diagram of the coding arranged as “010101…” along the x-axis.

[0037] In step S1, the lower outer opening ring 21 and the upper outer opening ring 31 are formed according to Figure 8 a is arranged in the coding sequence shown in step S2, and the lower inner opening ring 22 and the upper inner opening ring 32 are arranged in the coding sequence shown in step S2. Figure 8 b were aligned with the coding sequences shown in FIG.

[0038] See also Figure 9 , Figure 9 include Figure 9 a. Figure 9 b, where Figure 9 a is the far-field scattering diagram at 52.5GHz, Figure 9 b is the far-field scattering diagram at 140 GHz.

[0039] It can be seen that the metasurface M2 splits the incident right-handed circularly polarized wave (RCP) into two left-handed circularly polarized wave (LCP) beams along the y-axis at 52.5 GHz, and splits the right-handed circularly polarized wave (RCP) into two left-handed circularly polarized wave (LCP) beams along the x-axis at 140 GHz.

[0040] The multiple metasurface units of the metasurface M3 are arranged according to the following steps: S1, the lower outer opening ring 21 and the upper outer opening ring 31 are arranged along the X axis according to Calculate the phase of each position and arrange them at the same angle along the Y axis, with the lower outer open ring 21 and the upper outer open ring 31 symmetrically arranged at 180°; S2, the lower inner opening ring 22 and the upper inner opening ring 32 are arranged in a cycle of 0°, 45°, 90°...315° along the X-axis, and are arranged at the same angle along the Y-axis, and the lower inner opening ring 22 and the upper inner opening ring 32 are symmetrically arranged at 180°.

[0041] In step S1, Φ(x) is the phase compensation required for each metasurface unit along the X-axis, λ is the operating wavelength, f is the focal length, and x is the position of the metasurface unit.

[0042] See also Figures 10 to 12 , Figure 10 include Figure 10 a. Figure 10 b. Figure 10 c, Figure 11 include Figure 11 a. Figure 11 b, where Figure 10 a is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the metasurface units of the top layer 3; Figure 10 b is the electric field density distribution on the xoy plane at 52.5 GHz; Figure 10 c is the electric field density distribution on the xoz plane at 52.5 GHz; Figure 11 a is the far-field scattering diagram at 140 GHz; Figure 11 b is a schematic diagram of the normalized refraction amplitude. Figure 12 for Figure 10 Enlarged schematic diagram of a.

[0043] In this embodiment, 21 metasurface units are selected and arranged in sequence with different opening directions along the x-axis. After a right-handed circularly polarized wave (RCP) is incident on the arranged metasurface along the +z direction, the effect produced is as follows: Figure 10 b. Figure 10 c. Figure 11 a. Figure 11 As shown in b. Figure 10 b. Figure 10 c It can be seen that the right-handed circularly polarized wave (RCP) generates a light column after passing through the metasurface. Figure 11 a. Figure 11 b It can be seen that anomalous refraction is achieved at 140 GHz, and the beam deflection angle is 13.2°. The anomalous deflection angle can be expressed as Calculation shows that the theoretical result is 12.9°.

[0044] In summary, the present invention provides a dual-frequency transmission-based multifunctional wavefront control metasurface. A mask can be made based on a designed metasurface array, and then a designed bottom layer 2 and top layer 3 can be fabricated on both sides of a dielectric layer 1 using techniques such as photolithography. This multifunctional wavefront control metasurface has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides a multifunctional wavefront control metasurface based on dual-frequency transmission, which can independently control electromagnetic waves at two different frequencies. This breaks through the limitation of traditional metasurfaces that can only operate at a single frequency and expands application scenarios. 2. The present invention provides a multifunctional wavefront manipulation metasurface based on dual-frequency transmission. This metasurface not only controls the wavefront but also integrates multiple functions, such as focusing, deflecting, and vortexing beams. This multifunctional integration is achieved through a single structure, reducing equipment complexity and cost. 3. The present invention provides a multifunctional wavefront control metasurface based on dual-frequency transmission. Compared with traditional reflective metasurfaces, this device adopts a transmission structure, which reduces energy loss and improves efficiency, and is suitable for application systems that require high transmittance.

[0045] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and replacements made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional wavefront control metasurface based on dual-frequency transmission, characterized in that: Comprising a plurality of metasurface units, a single metasurface unit comprises: dielectric layer (1); A bottom layer (2) is arranged on the lower side of the dielectric layer (1), the bottom layer (2) comprising a lower outer opening ring (21) and a lower inner opening ring (22), the lower inner opening ring (22) being located on the inner side of the lower outer opening ring (21); A top layer (3) is arranged on the upper side of the dielectric layer (1), the top layer (3) comprising an upper outer opening ring (31) and an upper inner opening ring (32), the upper inner opening ring (32) being located on the inner side of the upper outer opening ring (31); The central axis of the bottom layer (2), the central axis of the top layer (3), and the vertical center line of the dielectric layer (1) overlap, and the opening of the lower outer opening ring (21) and the opening of the upper outer opening ring (31) are arranged 180° symmetrically, and the opening of the lower inner opening ring (22) and the opening of the upper inner opening ring (32) are arranged 180° symmetrically.

2. The dual-frequency transmission-type multifunctional wavefront control metasurface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom layer (2) and the top layer (3) are made of copper, and the electrical conductivity is 5.8×10 7 S / m; The outer radius of the lower outer opening ring (21) and the upper outer opening ring (31) is 0.56-0.58 mm, the inner radius is 0.51-0.53 mm, and the opening is 0.2-0.22 mm; The outer radius of the lower inner opening ring (22) and the upper inner opening ring (32) is 0.25-0.27 mm, the inner radius is 0.2-0.22 mm, and the opening is 0.14-0.16 mm; The thickness of the lower outer opening ring (21), the upper outer opening ring (31), the lower inner opening ring (22), and the upper inner opening ring (32) is 0.035-0.037 mm.

3. The dual-frequency transmission-based multifunctional wavefront control metasurface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric layer (1) is made of quartz with a dielectric constant of 3.

78. The length and width of the dielectric layer (1) are both 1.19-1.21 mm, and the thickness of the dielectric layer (1) is 0.14-0.16 mm.

4. The dual-frequency transmission-based multifunctional wavefront control metasurface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metasurface units are arranged in an N×N manner, where N is greater than or equal to 5.

5. A multifunctional wavefront control method based on dual-frequency transmission, characterized in that: It includes multiple super surface units, each of which is formed into a super surface M1, a super surface M2, and a super surface M3 by photolithography.

6. The multifunctional wavefront control method based on dual-frequency transmission type according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multiple supersurface units of the supersurface M1 are arranged according to the following steps: S1, the lower outer open ring (21) and the upper outer open ring (31) are arranged according to a period of 4π, the phase difference between adjacent regions is π / 4, and the lower outer open ring (21) and the upper outer open ring (31) are arranged symmetrically at 180°; S2, the lower inner open ring (22) and the upper inner open ring (32) are arranged according to a period of 2π, the phase difference between adjacent regions is π / 4, and the lower inner open ring (22) and the upper inner open ring (32) are arranged symmetrically at 180°.

7. The multifunctional wavefront control method based on dual-frequency transmission type according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multiple supersurface units of the supersurface M2 are arranged according to the following steps: S1, the lower outer opening ring (21) and the upper outer opening ring (31) are arranged along the X axis according to a periodic coding sequence of 0000... or 1111..., and along the Y axis according to a periodic coding sequence of 0101..., and the lower outer opening ring (21) and the upper outer opening ring (31) are arranged symmetrically at 180 degrees; S2, the lower inner open ring (22) and the upper inner open ring (32) are arranged along the X axis according to a periodic coding sequence of 0101..., and along the Y axis according to a periodic coding sequence of 0000... or 1111..., and the lower inner open ring (22) and the upper inner open ring (32) are arranged symmetrically at 180 degrees.

8. The multifunctional wavefront control method based on dual-frequency transmission type according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multiple supersurface units of the supersurface M3 are arranged according to the following steps: S1, the lower outer opening ring (21) and the upper outer opening ring (31) are arranged along the X axis according to Calculate the phase of each position and arrange them at the same angle along the Y axis, and arrange the lower outer open ring (21) and the upper outer open ring (31) symmetrically at 180 degrees; S2, the lower inner opening ring (22) and the upper inner opening ring (32) are arranged in a cycle along the X axis at 0°, 45°, 90°...315°, and arranged at the same angle along the Y axis, and the lower inner opening ring (22) and the upper inner opening ring (32) are arranged symmetrically at 180°.

9. The multifunctional wavefront control method based on dual-frequency transmission type according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S1, Φ(x) is the phase compensation required for each metasurface unit along the X-axis, λ is the operating wavelength, f is the focal length, and x is the position of the metasurface unit.

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