A sealed dustproof electrical connector

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of conductive connection devices, and more specifically, to a sealed, dustproof electrical connector comprising a male connector and a female connector, the male connector comprising a housing and an intermediate terminal, the intermediate terminal being provided with a plurality of conductive pins, a dust shield disposed within the housing in front of the intermediate terminal, the dust shield being movable in a forward and backward direction, the outer periphery of the dust shield sealingly and slidingly engaged with the inner side of the housing, a return spring supporting the dust shield and the intermediate terminal so that the dust shield is initially positioned at the front end of the housing, a plurality of through-holes being formed in the middle of the dust shield, each of the through-holes being provided with a soft sealing film, and when the male connector and the female connector are plugged in in a forward and backward direction, the contact terminals push the dust shield toward the intermediate terminal, and when the conductive pins push the soft sealing film away and penetrate the through-holes, the conductive pins block the through-holes, and the contact terminals continue to push the dust shield, thereby increasing the air pressure between the dust shield and the intermediate terminal. The present invention solves the technical problem of conductive pins being easily attached to dust, resulting in poor contact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of conductive connection devices, and in particular to a sealed and dustproof electrical connector. Background Art

[0002] An electrical connector is a conductive connection device used to connect circuits. It consists of a male and female connector that plug together. The female connector is typically equipped with a socket, and the male connector is equipped with conductive pins that fit into the socket to achieve an electrically conductive connection between the two connectors. In existing technology, the conductive pins of electrical connectors are generally exposed, making their surfaces susceptible to dust accumulation. This can lead to poor contact after the male and female connectors are plugged in, ultimately damaging the connector and the circuitry. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a sealed and dustproof electrical connector to solve the technical problem in the prior art that dust easily adheres to the conductive pins and poor contact easily occurs.

[0004] A sealed and dustproof electrical connector of the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A sealed and dustproof electrical connector, comprising a male head and a female head that are plugged together in the front-to-back direction, the male head comprising a shell and an intermediate terminal arranged in the shell, the intermediate terminal being provided with a plurality of conductive pins, the female head being provided with a plug hole for inserting the shell at one end facing the male head, a contact terminal being provided at the center of the plug hole, the contact terminal being provided with a plug hole for conductive plugging with the conductive pins, the end of the male head facing the female head being set as the front end, a dust plate being provided in the shell at the front side of the intermediate terminal, the dust plate being movable in the front-to-back direction, the outer periphery of the dust plate being sealed and slidably matched with the inner side of the shell, and the dust plate being in contact with the outer periphery of the dust plate. A return spring is provided between the intermediate terminals to support the dustproof plate at the front end of the shell in the initial state, thereby enclosing the intermediate terminals in the shell; a plurality of through-holes are provided in the middle of the dustproof plate for the conductive pins to pass through, and a soft sealing film is provided in each through-hole. The soft sealing film seals the through-holes in the initial state to form a closed space between the dustproof plate and the intermediate terminals. When the male and female connectors are plugged in along the front-to-back direction, the contact terminals push the dustproof plate toward the intermediate terminals. When the conductive pins push open the soft sealing film and penetrate into the through-holes, the conductive pins seal the through-holes, and the contact terminals continue to push the dustproof plate to increase the air pressure between the dustproof plate and the intermediate terminals.

[0006] Furthermore, a connecting hole passing through both sides of the dustproof plate is provided on the dustproof plate, and a first compression spring and a first ball valve are provided in the connecting hole. The first compression spring pushes the first ball valve to block one end of the connecting hole, and a pushing piece is provided on the intermediate terminal. When the dustproof plate moves toward the intermediate terminal to a set position, the pushing piece pushes the first ball valve to open the connecting hole, so that the front and rear spaces of the dustproof plate are connected to each other, and the air pressure in the front and rear spaces of the dustproof plate is higher than the air pressure outside the male head.

[0007] Furthermore, the shell includes a clamping sleeve whose axis extends along the front-to-back direction and an unlocking sleeve movably sleeved on the periphery of the clamping sleeve, the intermediate terminal is arranged in the clamping sleeve, the front end of the clamping sleeve has an outer sleeve body and an inner sleeve body arranged coaxially, the dustproof plate is movably arranged in the inner sleeve body of the clamping sleeve, the front end of the inner sleeve body is provided with an inward turning edge for blocking the dustproof plate, the side wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a spring claw, the side wall of the unlocking sleeve is provided with an unlocking hole, the spring claw extends into the unlocking hole, and the inner wall of the plug-in hole of the female head is provided with a locking groove, when the male head and the female head are plugged in and matched, the spring claw is stuck in the locking groove to fix the male head and the female head in connection, and when the unlocking sleeve moves backward along the axial direction of the clamping sleeve, the unlocking sleeve squeezes the spring claw and causes the spring claw to disengage from the locking groove, so that the male head and the female head can be separated.

[0008] Furthermore, a terminal fixing piece for fixing the intermediate terminal is provided in the snap-fit ​​sleeve, and the terminal fixing piece is formed by two semicircular sleeves, which surround the outer periphery of the intermediate terminal and tighten the intermediate terminal. Semicircular grooves are correspondingly opened on the inner walls of the two semicircular sleeves, and a convex ring is provided on the outer side of the intermediate terminal, and the convex ring is located in the groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the front-to-back position of the intermediate terminal in the clamping sleeve is adjustable, and the front-to-back width of the groove is greater than the front-to-back width of the convex ring, so that the front-to-back position of the convex ring in the groove can be changed.

[0010] Furthermore, the pushing member is movably arranged on the intermediate terminal, and the pushing member includes a pushing ring and a support rod fixedly connected to the pushing ring. A mounting hole is opened at the front end of the intermediate terminal, and the support rod is movably inserted into the mounting hole. A second compression spring is sleeved on the support rod, and the second compression spring is supported between the pushing ring and the intermediate terminal.

[0011] Furthermore, a ring groove is provided at the bottom of the plug-in hole of the female head, and a sealing ring and a third compression spring are provided in the ring groove. The two ends of the third compression spring are respectively connected to the sealing ring and the bottom of the ring groove. The front end of the outer body of the snap-fit ​​sleeve protrudes from the front end of the inner body. When the male head and the female head are plugged in, the front end of the outer body of the snap-fit ​​sleeve and the unlocking sleeve push the sealing ring.

[0012] Furthermore, an exhaust channel connecting the inside and outside of the clamping sleeve is opened inside the clamping sleeve, one end opening of the exhaust channel is located on the inner wall of the inner sleeve body and is connected to the interior of the inner sleeve body, and the other end opening is located on the outer wall of the clamping sleeve, and a second ball valve for blocking the exhaust channel opening is provided in the one end opening located on the outer wall of the clamping sleeve, and a pushing block for pushing the second ball valve inward is provided on the inner wall of the unlocking sleeve. When the unlocking sleeve moves backward relative to the clamping sleeve, the pushing block pushes the second ball valve inward to make the second ball valve open the exhaust channel, so that the air in the clamping sleeve in front of the dustproof plate is discharged outward through the exhaust channel.

[0013] Furthermore, the rear end of the clamping sleeve is provided with an external thread section, and the external thread section is connected to the tail end tightening piece through a threaded structure. A wire tie ring with an axis extending in the front-to-back direction is provided on the rear side of the terminal fixing piece in the clamping sleeve. The front end of the wire tie ring is located in the clamping sleeve and is press-fitted with the rear end of the terminal fixing piece. The rear end of the wire tie ring is located in the tail end tightening piece and is press-fitted with the inner wall of the tail end tightening piece.

[0014] Furthermore, the rear end of the tail end tightening piece is connected to a soft support.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a sealed and dustproof electrical connector of the present invention, in a disconnected state, a dustproof plate arranged at the front end of the male head seals the conductive pins in the housing, so that the electrical connector has a dustproof effect, preventing dust from adhering to the surface of the conductive pins, and after the male head and the female head are plugged in, the contact terminal pushes the dustproof plate to move backward, so that gas pressure is generated between the male head and the female head, that is, greater than the air pressure outside the housing, thereby achieving dustproof and waterproof effects.

[0016] Furthermore, the connector provided with the device of the present invention can reduce the possibility of arcing during connection and disconnection, minimizing damage to the connector and extending its service life. Furthermore, the front-to-back position of the intermediate terminal in the present invention can be adjusted, and the internal negative pressure can be adjusted according to the voltage level in the circuit, thereby achieving arc extinguishing effects while facilitating connector connection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a sealed and dustproof electrical connector of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is an exploded schematic diagram of an embodiment of a sealed and dustproof electrical connector of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a front view of an embodiment of a sealed and dustproof electrical connector of the present invention (with the male and female connectors plugged in place);

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Middle AA section view;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a front view of an embodiment of a sealed and dustproof electrical connector of the present invention (male and female connectors are not plugged into place);

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Middle BB section view;

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure after the middle terminal in FIG is adjusted backward;

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the local C in the middle;

[0026] Figure 9 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the local D in the middle;

[0027] Figure 10 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the local E in the middle;

[0028] Figure 11 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the local F in the middle;

[0029] In the figure: 100, female connector; 101, contact terminal; 102, third compression spring; 103, sealing ring; 200, male connector; 201, unlocking sleeve; 202, snap-on sleeve; 2021, second ball valve; 203, intermediate terminal; 2031, push piece; 2032, second compression spring; 204, cable tie ring; 205, tail end tightening piece; 206, soft support; 207, terminal fixing piece; 208, dustproof plate; 2081, first ball valve; 2082, sealing soft film; 209, return spring; 210, inner sleeve; 211, outer sleeve; 212, spring claw; 213, unlocking hole; 214, lock slot; 215, conductive pin; 216, exhaust channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The serial numbers assigned to components herein, such as "first," "second," etc., are used solely to distinguish the objects being described and do not convey any sequential or technical meaning. References to "connection" and "coupling" herein, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like, indicating positions or relationships, are based on those shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0033] An embodiment of a sealed dustproof electrical connector of the present invention is as follows Figures 1 to 11As shown, this sealed and dustproof electrical connector includes a male connector 200 and a female connector 100 that are plugged together in the front-to-back direction. The end of the male connector 200 facing the female connector 100 is defined as the front end. The male connector 200 includes a housing and an intermediate terminal 203 disposed within the housing. The housing includes a snap-fit ​​sleeve 202 whose axis extends in the front-to-back direction and an unlocking sleeve 201 that is movably mounted around the outer periphery of the snap-fit ​​sleeve 202. The intermediate terminal 203 is disposed within the snap-fit ​​sleeve 202. The intermediate terminal 203 is provided with a plurality of conductive pins 215. The end of the female connector 100 facing the male connector 200 is provided with a socket for inserting the front end of the housing. The center of the socket is provided with a contact terminal 101. The contact terminal 101 is provided with a plurality of sockets for conductive plugging and mating with the conductive pins 215. When the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are plugged together in the front-to-back direction, the plurality of conductive pins 215 are respectively plugged and matched with the plurality of sockets in a one-to-one correspondence, thereby achieving a conductive connection between the male connector 200 and the female connector 100.

[0034] In the present invention, a dustproof plate 208 is disposed in front of the intermediate terminal 203 within the housing. The dustproof plate 208 is movable in the front-to-back direction, and the outer periphery of the dustproof plate 208 is in sealed, sliding engagement with the inner side of the housing. In this embodiment, the front end of the snap-on sleeve 202 comprises a coaxially arranged outer sleeve 211 and an inner sleeve 210. The front end of the outer sleeve 211 of the snap-on sleeve 202 protrudes from the front end of the inner sleeve 210. The dustproof plate 208 is movably disposed within the inner sleeve 210 of the snap-on sleeve 202. The front end of the inner sleeve 210 is provided with an inwardly tilted edge for retaining the dustproof plate 208. A return spring 209 is provided between the dustproof plate 208 and the intermediate terminal 203 to ensure that the dustproof plate 208 is initially positioned at the front end of the inner sleeve 210, thereby enclosing the intermediate terminal 203 within the housing. The dust shield 208 has multiple holes in its center for the conductive pins 215 to pass through. Each hole is fitted with a soft sealing film 2082. Initially, the soft sealing film 2082 blocks the hole, creating a closed space between the dust shield 208 and the intermediate terminal 203. When the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are plugged together in the front-to-back direction, the contact terminals 101 push the dust shield 208 backward toward the intermediate terminal 203. When the conductive pins 215 push past the soft sealing film 2082 and penetrate the holes, they seal the holes. Thus, the dust shield 208 separates the space within the inner housing 210 into two isolated, closed chambers, one in front and one in the back. As the contact terminals 101 continue to push the dust shield 208 backward, the closed chamber between the dust shield 208 and the intermediate terminal 203 is continuously compressed, increasing the air pressure between the dust shield 208 and the intermediate terminal 203.

[0035] In this embodiment, the dust shield 208 is provided with a communication hole extending through the front and rear sides of the dust shield 208. A first compression spring and a first ball valve 2081 are disposed within the communication hole. The first compression spring pushes the first ball valve 2081 backward to block the rear end of the communication hole. Furthermore, a push member 2031 is provided on the intermediate terminal 203. When the dust shield 208 moves backward toward the intermediate terminal 203 to a set position, the push member 2031 pushes the first ball valve 2081 forward, opening the communication hole and establishing communication between the front and rear sides of the dust shield 208. Since the spaces on the front and rear sides of the dustproof plate 208 are both closed chambers, and as the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are gradually plugged in, the contact terminal 101 continuously extends into the inner sleeve 210, and the total size of the spaces on the front and rear sides of the dustproof plate 208 is reduced. The air pressure in the space in front of the dustproof plate 208 is lower than the air pressure in the space behind the dustproof plate 208. When the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are plugged in, the connecting hole on the dustproof plate 208 is opened. After the spaces on the front and rear sides of the dustproof plate 208 are connected to each other, the air pressure in the spaces on the front and rear sides of the dustproof plate 208 is equal and higher than the air pressure outside the male connector 200. That is to say, after the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are plugged in, the air pressure in the chamber between the intermediate terminal 203 and the contact terminal 101 is greater than the air pressure outside the shell. This can improve the sealing inside the electrical connector and achieve a sealing and waterproof effect.

[0036] In this embodiment, the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are fixedly connected using a snap-fit ​​connection. Specifically, a spring claw 212 is provided on the side wall of the outer body 211 of the snap-fit ​​sleeve 202, and an unlocking hole 213 is defined on the side wall of the unlocking sleeve 201. The unlocking sleeve 201 fits against the outer body 211 of the snap-fit ​​sleeve 202, allowing the spring claw 212 to extend from the inside to the outside of the unlocking hole 213. Correspondingly, a locking groove 214 is defined on the inner wall of the insertion hole of the female connector 100. When the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are plugged together, the front end of the snap-fit ​​sleeve 202 and the front end of the unlocking hole 213 extend into the insertion hole of the female connector 100. When the spring claw 212 engages with the locking groove 214, the spring claw 212 and the locking groove 214 lock and engage, thereby securely connecting the male connector 200 and the female connector 100. When the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 need to be separated, the unlocking sleeve 201 is moved backward along the axial direction of the clamping sleeve 202 , and the unlocking sleeve 201 squeezes the spring claw 212 and causes the spring claw 212 to disengage from the locking groove 214 , thereby unlocking the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 .

[0037] In this embodiment, the snap-fit ​​sleeve 202 is provided with a terminal retainer 207 for securing the intermediate terminal 203. The terminal retainer 207 is composed of two semicircular sleeves joined together. The two semicircular sleeves surround and tighten the intermediate terminal 203. Semicircular grooves are correspondingly defined on the inner walls of the two semicircular sleeves. A raised ring is provided on the outer side of the intermediate terminal 203, which is positioned within the groove. In this embodiment, the front-to-back position of the intermediate terminal 203 within the snap-fit ​​sleeve 202 is adjustable. The front-to-back width of the groove is greater than the front-to-back width of the raised ring, allowing the raised ring's front-to-back position within the groove to be varied. During use, by adjusting the front-to-back position of the intermediate terminal 203, the depth of engagement between the conductive pin 215 and the socket on the contact terminal 101 can be adjusted. At the same time, when the front and rear positions of the intermediate terminal 203 change, the position of the pushing piece 2031 on the intermediate terminal 203 will also change synchronously, and the timing of opening the connecting hole on the dustproof plate 208 will also change. When the intermediate terminal 203 is adjusted backward relative to the snap sleeve 202, when the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are plugged into place, the total space between the intermediate terminal 203 and the contact terminal 101 is relatively smaller, so the air pressure in the space between the intermediate terminal 203 and the contact terminal 101 will also be relatively reduced; conversely, when the intermediate terminal 203 is adjusted forward relative to the snap sleeve 202, when the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are plugged into place, the air pressure in the space between the intermediate terminal 203 and the contact terminal 101 will also be relatively increased. Therefore, when in use, the front and rear positions of the intermediate terminal 203 can be adjusted according to the voltage passing through the electrical connector, so that the air pressure in the space between the intermediate terminal 203 and the contact terminal 101 meets the use requirements.

[0038] In this embodiment, the pushing member 2031 is movably arranged on the intermediate terminal 203. The pushing member 2031 includes a pushing ring and a support rod fixedly connected to the pushing ring. A mounting hole is provided at the front end of the intermediate terminal 203. The support rod is movably inserted into the mounting hole. A second compression spring 2032 is sleeved on the support rod. The second compression spring 2032 is supported between the pushing ring and the intermediate terminal 203. In this way, when the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are plugged in and matched, when the contact terminal 101 pushes the dustproof plate 208 backward, elastic pressing contact can be generated between the pushing member 2031.

[0039] In this embodiment, a ring groove is provided at the bottom of the plug-in hole of the female connector 100, and a sealing ring 103 and a third compression spring 102 are provided in the ring groove. The two ends of the third compression spring 102 are respectively connected to the sealing ring 103 and the bottom of the ring groove. The front end of the outer sleeve 211 of the snap-in sleeve 202 protrudes from the front end of the inner sleeve 210. When the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are plugged in, the outer sleeve 211 of the snap-in sleeve 202 and the front end of the unlocking sleeve 201 push the sealing ring 103. In this way, after the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are plugged in, the third compression spring 102 provides an elastic supporting force between the male connector 200 and the female connector 100, thereby improving the connection reliability of the male connector 200 and the female connector 100. At the same time, when the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are unlocked, the third compression spring 102 can cause the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 to separate.

[0040] In this embodiment, an exhaust passage 216 is defined within the clamping sleeve 202, connecting the inside and outside of the clamping sleeve 202. One end of the exhaust passage 216 opens on the inner wall of the inner sleeve 210 and communicates with the interior of the inner sleeve 210, while the other end opens on the outer wall of the clamping sleeve 202. An annular chamber is defined between the outer side of the clamping sleeve 202 and the inner side of the unlocking sleeve 201. One end of the opening on the outer wall of the clamping sleeve 202 communicates with the annular chamber, within which a second ball valve 2021 is disposed, blocking the opening of the exhaust passage 216. A pushing block is provided on the inner wall of the unlocking sleeve 201 for pushing the second ball valve 2021 inward. When the unlocking sleeve 201 moves backward relative to the clamping sleeve 202, the pushing block pushes the second ball valve 2021 inward, causing the second ball valve 2021 to open the exhaust passage 216, allowing air in front of the dust shield 208 within the clamping sleeve 202 to be discharged outward through the exhaust passage 216. A reset member (not shown in the figure) is provided between the rear end of the unlocking sleeve 201 and the clamping sleeve 202. When the unlocking sleeve 201 causes the spring claw 212 to disengage the locking groove 214, the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 will spring apart, and the reset member will quickly reset the unlocking sleeve 201, and the exhaust channel 216 will be blocked again. At the same time, during the process of separating the male connector 200 and the female connector 100, negative pressure will be generated between the intermediate terminal 203 and the contact terminal 101, which can achieve a certain arc extinguishing effect and prevent sparks from being generated when the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are disconnected.

[0041] In this embodiment, the rear end of the clamping sleeve 202 is provided with an externally threaded section, which is connected to a tail end tightening member 205 via a threaded structure. A cable tie ring 204 with an axis extending in the front-to-back direction is provided on the rear side of the terminal fixing member 207 within the clamping sleeve 202. The front end of the cable tie ring 204 is located within the clamping sleeve 202 and is press-fitted with the rear end of the terminal fixing member 207. The rear end of the cable tie ring 204 is located within the tail end tightening member 205 and is press-fitted with the inner wall of the tail end tightening member 205. The rear end of the tail end tightening member 205 is connected to a soft support 206. When in use, the male connector 200 is connected to the wire. Specifically, the wire passes through the soft support 206, the tail end tightening member 205, and the cable tie ring 204 in sequence and is connected to the intermediate terminal 203. By tightening the tail end tightening member 205, the tail end tightening member 205 squeezes the cable tie ring 204 and tightens the wire inside, thereby clamping and fixing the wire.

[0042] When the sealed dustproof electrical connector of the present invention is used, the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are first connected to two wires respectively, and then the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are plugged in the front-to-back direction. Figure 5 As shown, the dustproof plate 208 is located at the front end of the inner sleeve 210 of the clamping sleeve 202, and the clamping sleeve 202 and the unlocking sleeve 201 of the male connector 200 extend into the plug hole of the female connector 100. When the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are plugged into place, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the conductive pin 215 of the male connector 200 is inserted into the socket of the female connector 100, and the spring claw 212 of the male connector 200 is inserted into the locking groove 214 on the female connector 100, so that the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are fixedly connected together and conductively connected.

[0043] During the plugging process of the male connector 200 and the female connector 100, the contact terminal 101 pushes the dustproof plate 208 backward toward the intermediate terminal 203. When the conductive pin 215 pushes open the sealing soft film 2082 and penetrates into the through hole, the conductive pin 215 blocks the through hole. In this way, the dustproof plate 208 separates the space in the inner sleeve 210 into two isolated closed chambers in the front and back. When the contact terminal 101 continues to push the dustproof plate 208 backward, the closed chamber between the dustproof plate 208 and the intermediate terminal 203 is continuously squeezed, thereby increasing the air pressure between the dustproof plate 208 and the intermediate terminal 203.

[0044] When the dust shield 208 moves backward toward the intermediate terminal 203 to a set position, the push member 2031 pushes the first ball valve 2081 forward and opens the connecting hole, thereby connecting the spaces in front and behind the dust shield 208. Since the spaces in front and behind the dust shield 208 are both closed chambers, and as the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are gradually plugged in, the contact terminal 101 continues to extend into the inner sleeve 210, and the total size of the spaces in front and behind the dust shield 208 decreases, the air pressure in the space in front of the dust shield 208 is lower than the air pressure in the space in back of the dust shield 208. When the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are plugged in, the connecting hole on the dust shield 208 is opened, and the spaces in front and behind the dust shield 208 are connected. The air pressure in the spaces in front and behind the dust shield 208 is equal and higher than the air pressure outside the male connector 200. This improves the sealing inside the electrical connector, achieving a sealed and waterproof effect.

[0045] When the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 need to be separated, the rear end of the unlocking sleeve 201 is held and pulled backward to move it backward along the axial direction of the clamping sleeve 202. The unlocking sleeve 201 squeezes the spring claw 212 and disengages the spring claw 212 from the locking groove 214, so that the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are unlocked. Then, the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are bounced apart under the action of the third compression spring 102, and the unlocking sleeve 201 is reset under the action of the reset member.

[0046] During the unlocking process of the male connector 200 and the female connector 100, when the unlocking sleeve 201 moves backward relative to the connecting sleeve 202, the pushing block pushes the second ball valve 2021 inward, causing the second ball valve 2021 to open the exhaust passage 216, allowing the air in front of the dustproof plate 208 in the connecting sleeve 202 to be discharged outward through the exhaust passage 216. When the reset member resets the unlocking sleeve 201, the exhaust passage 216 is blocked again. During the separation process of the male connector 200 and the female connector 100, negative pressure is generated between the intermediate terminal 203 and the contact terminal 101, which can achieve a certain arc extinguishing effect and prevent sparks when the male connector 200 and the female connector 100 are disconnected.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sealed and dustproof electrical connector, comprising a male connector and a female connector that are plugged together in a front-to-back direction, characterized in that: The male connector includes a shell and an intermediate terminal arranged in the shell, the intermediate terminal is provided with a plurality of conductive pins, the end of the female connector facing the male connector is provided with a socket for inserting the shell, the center of the socket is provided with a contact terminal, and the contact terminal is provided with a socket for conductive plugging with the conductive pins. The end of the male connector facing the female connector is set as the front end, and a dustproof plate is provided on the front side of the intermediate terminal in the shell. The dustproof plate can move in the front and rear directions, and the outer periphery of the dustproof plate is sealed and slidably matched with the inner side of the shell. A reset spring is supported between the dustproof plate and the intermediate terminal to make In the initial state, the dustproof plate is at the front end of the shell, enclosing the intermediate terminal in the shell; a plurality of through-holes for the conductive pins to pass through are opened in the middle of the dustproof plate, and a sealing soft film is provided in each through-hole. The sealing soft film seals the through-holes in the initial state to form a closed space between the dustproof plate and the intermediate terminal. When the male and female connectors are plugged in along the front-to-back direction, the contact terminals push the dustproof plate toward the intermediate terminal. When the conductive pins push open the sealing soft film and penetrate into the through-holes, the conductive pins seal the through-holes, and the contact terminals continue to push the dustproof plate to increase the air pressure between the dustproof plate and the intermediate terminal.

2. The sealed and dustproof electrical connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting hole is provided on the dustproof plate, which passes through both sides of the dustproof plate. A first compression spring and a first ball valve are provided in the connecting hole. The first compression spring pushes the first ball valve to block one end of the connecting hole. A pushing piece is provided on the intermediate terminal. When the dustproof plate moves toward the intermediate terminal to a set position, the pushing piece pushes the first ball valve to open the connecting hole, so that the spaces on the front and rear sides of the dustproof plate are connected to each other, and the air pressure in the spaces on the front and rear sides of the dustproof plate is higher than the air pressure outside the male connector.

3. The sealed and dustproof electrical connector according to claim 2, wherein: The shell includes a clamping sleeve whose axis extends in the front-to-back direction and an unlocking sleeve movably sleeved on the periphery of the clamping sleeve, the intermediate terminal is arranged in the clamping sleeve, the front end of the clamping sleeve has an outer sleeve body and an inner sleeve body arranged coaxially, the dust plate is movably arranged in the inner sleeve body of the clamping sleeve, the front end of the inner sleeve body is provided with an inward turning edge for blocking the dust plate, the side wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a spring claw, the side wall of the unlocking sleeve is provided with an unlocking hole, the spring claw extends into the unlocking hole, and the inner wall of the plug-in hole of the female head is provided with a lock groove, when the male head and the female head are plugged in and matched, the spring claw is stuck in the lock groove to fix the male head and the female head in connection, and when the unlocking sleeve moves backward along the axial direction of the clamping sleeve, the unlocking sleeve squeezes the spring claw and causes the spring claw to disengage from the lock groove, so that the male head and the female head can be separated.

4. The sealed and dustproof electrical connector according to claim 3, characterized in that: A terminal fixing piece for fixing the intermediate terminal is provided in the clamping sleeve. The terminal fixing piece is formed by two semicircular sleeves. The two semicircular sleeves surround the periphery of the intermediate terminal and tighten the intermediate terminal. Semicircular grooves are correspondingly opened on the inner walls of the two semicircular sleeves. A convex ring is provided on the outer side of the intermediate terminal, and the convex ring is located in the groove.

5. The sealed and dustproof electrical connector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front-to-back position of the intermediate terminal in the clamping sleeve is adjustable, and the front-to-back width of the groove is greater than the front-to-back width of the convex ring, so that the front-to-back position of the convex ring in the groove can be changed.

6. The sealed and dustproof electrical connector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pushing member is movably arranged on the intermediate terminal, and the pushing member includes a pushing ring and a support rod fixedly connected to the pushing ring. A mounting hole is opened at the front end of the intermediate terminal, and the support rod is movably inserted into the mounting hole. A second compression spring is sleeved on the support rod, and the second compression spring is supported between the pushing ring and the intermediate terminal.

7. The sealed and dustproof electrical connector according to claim 6, characterized in that: An annular groove is provided at the bottom of the plug-in hole of the female head, and a sealing ring and a third compression spring are provided in the annular groove. The two ends of the third compression spring are respectively connected to the sealing ring and the bottom of the annular groove. The front end of the outer sleeve of the snap-fit ​​sleeve protrudes from the front end of the inner sleeve. When the male head and the female head are plugged in, the outer sleeve of the snap-fit ​​sleeve and the front end of the unlocking sleeve push the sealing ring.

8. The sealed and dustproof electrical connector according to claim 3, characterized in that: An exhaust channel connecting the inside and outside of the clamping sleeve is opened inside the clamping sleeve, one end opening of the exhaust channel is located on the inner wall of the inner sleeve body and is connected to the interior of the inner sleeve body, and the other end opening is located on the outer wall of the clamping sleeve. A second ball valve that blocks the opening of the exhaust channel is provided in the one end opening located on the outer wall of the clamping sleeve, and a pushing block for pushing the second ball valve inward is provided on the inner wall of the unlocking sleeve. When the unlocking sleeve moves backward relative to the clamping sleeve, the pushing block pushes the second ball valve inward to cause the second ball valve to open the exhaust channel, so that the air in the clamping sleeve in front of the dustproof plate is discharged outward through the exhaust channel.

9. The sealed and dustproof electrical connector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rear end of the clamping sleeve is provided with an external thread section, and the external thread section is connected to the tail end tightening piece through a threaded structure. A wire tie ring with an axis extending in the front-to-back direction is provided on the rear side of the terminal fixing piece in the clamping sleeve. The front end of the wire tie ring is located in the clamping sleeve and is press-fitted with the rear end of the terminal fixing piece. The rear end of the wire tie ring is located in the tail end tightening piece and is press-fitted with the inner wall of the tail end tightening piece.

10. The sealed and dustproof electrical connector according to claim 9, characterized in that: The rear end of the tail end tightening piece is connected with a soft support.

Images