Small bamboo-wood structure frame type buoyant raft and method for cultivating young oysters in pond

Abstract

The invention discloses a small bamboo-wood structure frame type buoyant raft and a method for cultivating young oysters in a pond, and relates to the technical field of oyster cultivation. The floating raft comprises raft frames, binding ropes and foam floaters, the raft frames are transversely and longitudinally arranged to form a square grid structure and connected and fixed through the binding ropes, and the foam floaters are fixed to the raft frames through the binding ropes; the arrangement density of the buoyant rafts in the pond is 2 or 4 per mu, and the adjacent buoyant rafts are arranged in a square shape or a chessboard shape at an interval of 3 meters. The method for cultivating young oysters by using the buoyant raft comprises the following steps of pond selection, buoyant raft installation and debugging, young oyster throwing, water quality and bait management, and harvesting and circulating cultivation. According to the method, efficient cultivation of the young oysters and comprehensive utilization of water resources are achieved, and the large-scale cultivation requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oyster cultivation, and particularly relates to a small bamboo-wood structure frame type floating raft and a method for cultivating oyster seedlings in a pond. Background Art

[0002] In the field of aquaculture, the intermediate cultivation of Hong Kong oyster seedlings is a key link in determining the aquaculture efficiency. Currently, there are two main options for the intermediate cultivation of small-sized oyster seedlings in the industry: Extensive cultivation on large floating rafts at sea: Young oyster seedlings are transported directly to sea and cultivated in a natural environment using large oyster rafts. Under this method, early oyster seedlings, due to their small size and frailty, struggle to adapt to the harsh environment of natural sea areas. For example, heavy rainfall near the coast can cause sudden flooding, or extreme typhoon weather can create strong waves that impact the cultivation period. These factors can cause drastic changes in the aquaculture environment (such as a sudden drop in salinity), and there are also uncertainties such as various natural enemy attacks (such as crabs feeding on young seedlings). These uncontrollable factors can lead to slow seedling growth and low survival rates, often resulting in ultimate failure of the cultivation process. Furthermore, the offshore cultivation process for oyster seedlings is lengthy, requiring the long-term occupation of specialized medium-sized and large oyster rafts on the sea surface, which severely impacts the turnover efficiency of aquaculture operators.

[0003] Intensive cultivation in indoor cement pools: Cultivation is carried out in indoor cement pools at the hatchery. Due to the small water volume of a single cement pool, the number of seedlings released for each mid-stage cultivation is limited. Furthermore, since artificial indoor hatcheries can generally only cultivate one or two mainstream algae species, the bait is relatively simple and scarce, unable to provide the mixed nutrition of multiple natural algae found in natural seawater, which is difficult to meet the growth needs of seedlings, and the cultivation period of oyster seedlings is relatively long. In addition, the daily water exchange volume and the water demand for feeding the cultivated bait algae are large, consuming a lot of electricity and labor costs, resulting in high costs for large-scale mid-stage cultivation of seedlings. At the same time, the long-term occupation of a large number of indoor breeding pools also affects the overall turnover of indoor pool resources for practitioners.

[0004] In summary, the existing technologies, whether it is large-scale floating raft cultivation at sea or indoor cement pool cultivation, have problems such as low seedling survival rate, long facility resource occupation cycle, and high cultivation cost. The industry urgently needs a technical solution that can solve the problem of high-efficiency medium-term cultivation of oyster seedlings and better economic benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a small bamboo-wood structure frame floating raft and a method for cultivating oyster seedlings in a pond, which realizes the efficient cultivation of oyster seedlings and the comprehensive utilization of water resources, and meets the needs of large-scale aquaculture.

[0006] The present invention provides a small bamboo-wood frame floating raft, which adopts the following technical solutions: A small bamboo-wood frame floating raft comprises: a raft frame, binding ropes and foam floats. The raft frame is arranged horizontally and vertically to form a square grid structure and is connected and fixed by binding ropes. The foam floats are fixed to the raft frame by binding ropes. The rafts are arranged in a density of 2 or 4 per mu in the pond, and adjacent rafts are spaced 3 meters apart, arranged in a square or chessboard shape.

[0007] Preferably, the side length of the square grid structure is 8 meters, the specifications of the foam float are 1.0 meter × 0.5 meter × 0.5 meter, and the overall average height of the raft is 0.8 meter.

[0008] Preferably, the raft frame is made of bamboo or fir, and the binding rope is made of polyethylene.

[0009] A method for cultivating oyster seedlings using the small bamboo-wood frame floating raft pond comprises the following steps: S1. Pond Selection: Select a pond with an area of at least 3 mu (approximately 1.5 acres) and an average water depth of at least 1.8 meters. The pond must be equipped with a main valve that can naturally absorb tides, controllable inlet and outlet valves, a wave-breaking embankment, and a bottom covered with hard soil or black film. S2. Floating raft installation and commissioning: Build several small bamboo and wood frame floating rafts and place them in the middle of the pond, with 2 or 4 rafts per acre of pond. At the same time, waterwheel-type aerators are placed at the four corners or diagonals of the pond. S3. Seedlings: Each 100-square-meter raft shall be stocked with no more than 18,000 oyster seedlings, with a maximum stocking rate of 72,000 per mu of pond. At the same time, shrimp seedlings or fish seedlings of species cultured in the middle and lower layers of the pond shall be cultured. 25,000 to 30,000 shrimp seedlings and 500 fish seedlings shall be cultured per mu of pond. S4. Water quality and feed management: 10-20% of the pond water should be replaced daily during the tidal period. After the water change, organic compound fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can be applied appropriately when the weather is clear. The aerator should be turned on for 1-2 hours to promote algae growth. After feeding shrimp feed at night, the aerator should be kept on until dawn the next day. All other processes are managed according to the shrimp farming model. S5. Harvesting and circulating culture: The culture period of oyster seedlings is 2 months, the culture period of shrimp seedlings is 3-4 months, and the culture period of fish seedlings is 6 months. When the oyster seedlings are cultivated to a large size, they can be harvested and removed first, and then new oyster seedlings can be recycled for cultivation. Throughout the year, 3-4 batches of oyster seedlings can be recycled into the pond for culture, 2 batches of shrimp seedlings can be released, and 1 batch of fish seedlings can be matched.

[0010] Preferably, the pond is a shrimp or fish farming pond adjacent to the sea, and the pond is square or nearly square in shape.

[0011] Preferably, the oyster seedlings cultured are Hong Kong oysters.

[0012] Preferably, the shrimp fry cultured in the enclosure are whiteleg shrimp.

[0013] Preferably, the fish cultured in the enclosure include tilapia or golden pomfret. Beneficial effects of the present invention

[0014] (1) The ecological environment is highly controllable, and the survival rate of seedlings is significantly improved: The present invention makes full use of the numerous outdoor shrimp farming earth ponds along the coast of the sea area. Compared with the small water bodies in natural sea areas and indoor cement nursery ponds, the ecological environment of the ponds is relatively controllable because the water bodies are directly connected to the natural sea area through artificial valves, avoiding the influence of large fluctuations in external factors such as salinity and waves that are not conducive to the growth of oyster seedlings. It can also simultaneously form a rich and diverse natural bait ecosystem similar to that of natural sea areas. At the same time, various harmful natural enemies and pathogens can be removed through artificial means (filters and drugs). In addition, it can meet the requirement of large water changes for cultivating oyster seedlings, greatly reducing the large electricity and labor costs. The use of special small oyster culture rafts also avoids the long-term occupation of a large number of indoor pools and special floating rafts for offshore oyster cultivation, leaving more facility resources for the breeding and growing stages of oysters.

[0015] (2) The breeding model is scientific and reasonable, making full use of water space: The present invention uses a small bamboo and wooden floating raft frame to quickly cultivate large-sized oyster seedlings, and can simultaneously culture middle and lower layer aquaculture species such as whiteleg shrimp or golden fish, making full use of different spaces in the water body. The feces, leftover bait, etc. produced by fish and shrimp can become the basis for the eutrophication of the pond water body, which in turn promotes the massive reproduction of plankton and algae. The rich algae bait is consumed in large quantities by the oyster seedlings suspended in the upper layer of the water body, which promotes the stable and controllable water quality of the aquaculture pond. The fresh water quality is conducive to the rapid and stable growth of shrimp and fish seedlings in the middle and bottom layers, thereby forming a reasonable and scientific aquaculture system closed loop.

[0016] (3) The success rate of oyster seed cultivation is high, achieving large-scale and efficient turnover: The present invention makes full use of the daily tidal sea water entering and leaving the pond to form local water exchange, ensuring a stable water environment while bringing in a large amount of fresh water and natural phytoplankton to provide rich bait for oyster seedlings. The large-sized oyster seedlings cultivated quickly have strong vitality and high survival rate, which improves the efficiency of medium-term cultivation while increasing economic benefits, and is conducive to the turnover of the next stage of aquaculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] For ease of explanation, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the following specific implementations and accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a small bamboo-wood frame floating raft according to the present embodiment; Figure 2 Flow chart of the cultivation method of this embodiment.

[0019] In the figure: 100-raft frame; 200-foam float. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further describe the technical solutions of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as specific configurations and components are provided only to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. In addition, for the sake of clarity and brevity, descriptions of known functions and structures have been omitted.

[0021] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0022] like Figure 1 The example shown is a small bamboo-wood frame raft, comprising a raft frame 100 and foam floats 200. The raft frame 100 is constructed of bamboo or fir wood, arranged in a staggered horizontal and vertical arrangement to form a square grid with sides of 8 meters. Polyethylene ties are tightly wrapped around the nodes to ensure structural stability. The foam floats 200 measure 1.0 meter (length) x 0.5 meter (width) x 0.5 meter (height) and are evenly tied to the nodes of the raft frame 100 with polyethylene ties, giving the raft an average height of 0.8 meters (before entering the water). This provides sufficient buoyancy to support suspended oyster seedlings and associated equipment. The rafts are arranged in a grid or checkerboard pattern, with a density of two or four per mu (approximately 1.5 acres) in the pond, and spaced 3 meters apart between adjacent rafts.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, a method for cultivating oyster seedlings in a pond provided by this embodiment is provided, which utilizes the above-mentioned small bamboo-wood structure frame floating raft for cultivation, comprising the following steps: S1. Pond Selection: Choose a pond with an area of at least 3 mu (approximately 1.5 acres) and an average water depth of at least 1.8 meters. The pond must have a natural tidal system, controllable main valves for inlet and outlet flow, a wave-breaking embankment, and a hardened soil or black film bottom. The pond must be a shrimp or fish pond near the sea and be square or nearly square in shape. S2. Floating raft installation and commissioning: Build several small bamboo and wood frame floating rafts and place them in the middle of the pond, with 2 or 4 rafts per acre of pond. At the same time, place waterwheel-type aerators at the four corners or diagonals of the pond. S3. Seedling placement: Oyster seed: Each 100-square-meter floating raft shall be stocked with no more than 18,000 Hong Kong oyster seed, with a maximum stocking rate of 72,000 seed per mu of pond. Cultured species: Vannamei shrimp fry, tilapia fry, or golden pomfret fry. 25,000 to 30,000 shrimp fry and 500 fish fry are cultured per mu. S4. Water quality and feed management: 10-20% of the pond water should be replaced daily during the tidal period. After the water change, organic compound fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can be applied appropriately when the weather is clear. The aerator should be turned on for 1-2 hours to promote algae growth. After feeding shrimp feed at night, the aerator should be kept on until dawn the next day. All other processes are managed according to the shrimp farming model. S5. Harvesting and recycling: Harvesting of oyster seedlings: The cultivation period of oyster seedlings is 2 months. When the oyster seedlings are cultivated to a large size, the oyster seedlings can be harvested first and then new oyster seedlings can be recycled and put into the pond. 3-4 batches of oyster seedlings can be recycled and put into the pond for cultivation throughout the year.

[0024] Harvesting of sample varieties: The shrimp fry breeding cycle is 3-4 months, and the fish fry is raised for 6 months. Two batches of shrimp can be cultured each year, with one batch of fish fry, and rotated with oyster fry.

[0025] In this invention, small, low-cost bamboo and wood rafts are constructed from materials such as bamboo and fir. Only two or four rafts are required per acre of pond, eliminating the need for large offshore aquaculture rafts or indoor cement pools, significantly reducing facility investment costs. When cultivating oysters, seawater aquaculture ponds are used as the cultivation platform. Compared to natural sea areas, the water environment is more stable, effectively protecting against extreme weather such as floods and typhoons, as well as predators. This solves the problem of low survival rates for oysters in traditional offshore raft cultivation, which is often affected by drastic environmental fluctuations. Through tidal exchange, the pond water can introduce rich natural phytoplankton as bait. Compared with the single artificial algae feeding in the indoor cement pool, it can better meet the nutritional needs of the seedlings and enhance the vitality of the seedlings. At the same time, the pond water space is fully utilized to simultaneously culture species such as whiteleg shrimp and tilapia. The feces and leftover bait of fish and shrimp are converted into plankton nutrition. The marine fish fry feed on weak and sick shrimp fry and attached small organisms, and the harmful organisms on the bottom of the pond are cleaned to form a "closed breeding loop", reducing the input of artificial bait and fertilizer. The rafts are arranged in a square or chessboard shape in the pond. Combined with a waterwheel-type aerator, the dissolved oxygen distribution in the water can be optimized to ensure high-density seedling cultivation while avoiding water quality deterioration. The oyster seedlings can be harvested in 2 months and can be recycled in 3-4 batches a year. Two batches of shrimp seedlings are cultured simultaneously, and one batch of fish seedlings is cultured, realizing "one pond for multiple uses and multiple varieties in rotation", which significantly improves the production efficiency and economic benefits of the pond.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, tasks, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A small bamboo-wood frame floating raft, characterized in that: include: A raft frame (100), a tying rope, and a foam float (200), wherein the raft frame (100) is arranged transversely and longitudinally to form a square grid structure and is connected and fixed by the tying rope, and the foam float (200) is fixed to the raft frame (100) by the tying rope; The rafts are arranged at a density of 2 or 4 per mu in the pond, and adjacent rafts are spaced 3 meters apart and arranged in a square or chessboard shape.

2. A small bamboo-wood frame floating raft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side length of the square grid structure is 8 meters, the specifications of the foam float (200) are 1.0 meters × 0.5 meters × 0.5 meters, and the overall average height of the floating raft is 0.8 meters.

3. The small bamboo-wood frame floating raft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raft frame (100) is made of bamboo or fir, and the binding rope is made of polyethylene.

4. A method for cultivating oyster seedlings using the small bamboo-wood structure floating raft pond according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Pond Selection: Select a pond with an area of at least 3 mu (approximately 1.5 acres) and an average water depth of at least 1.8 meters. The pond must be equipped with a main valve that can naturally absorb tides, controllable inlet and outlet valves, a wave-breaking embankment, and a bottom covered with hard soil or black film. S2. Floating raft installation and commissioning: Build several small bamboo and wood frame floating rafts and place them in the middle of the pond, with 2 or 4 rafts per acre of pond. At the same time, waterwheel-type aerators are placed at the four corners or diagonals of the pond. S3. Seedlings: Each 100-square-meter raft shall be stocked with no more than 18,000 oyster seedlings, with a maximum stocking rate of 72,000 per mu of pond. At the same time, shrimp seedlings or fish seedlings of species cultured in the middle and lower layers of the pond shall be cultured. 25,000 to 30,000 shrimp seedlings and 500 fish seedlings shall be cultured per mu of pond. S4. Water quality and feed management: 10-20% of the pond water should be replaced daily during tidal periods. After water replacement, apply appropriate organic compound fertilizers and chemical fertilizers when the weather is clear. Aerators should be turned on for 1-2 hours to promote algae growth. After feeding shrimp feed at night, the aerators should remain on until dawn the next day. All other processes are managed according to the shrimp farming model. S5. Harvesting and circulating culture: The culture period of oyster seedlings is 2 months, the culture period of shrimp seedlings is 3-4 months, and the culture period of fish seedlings is 6 months. When the oyster seedlings are cultivated to a large size, they can be harvested and removed first, and then new oyster seedlings can be recycled for cultivation. Throughout the year, 3-4 batches of oyster seedlings can be recycled into the pond for culture, 2 batches of shrimp seedlings can be released, and 1 batch of fish seedlings can be matched.

5. The method for cultivating oyster seedlings in a pond according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pond is a shrimp or fish farming pond adjacent to the sea area, and the pond shape is square or nearly square.

6. The method for cultivating oyster seedlings in a pond according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oyster seedlings cultured in the enclosure are Hong Kong oysters.

7. The method for cultivating oyster seedlings in a pond according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shrimp fry cultured in the enclosure are whiteleg shrimp.

8. The method for cultivating oyster seedlings in a pond according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fish cultured in the enclosure include tilapia or golden pomfret.

Images