Fresh-keeping method for prolonging fresh-keeping time of cut rose flowers

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cut flower preservation, and particularly relates to a preservation method for prolonging the preservation time of cut rose flowers, which comprises the following steps: soaking the cut rose flowers in a preservation solution, and carrying out multi-light-quality irradiation treatment under the condition that the quantum flow density is 55 [mu] mol.m <-2 >. S <-1 >-65 [mu] mol.m <-2 >. S <-1 >; the multiple light quality is composed of LED white light, red light, blue light and green light with the same illumination intensity; the illumination time of the multi-light-quality irradiation treatment is 8 h / d to 10 h / d; the fresh-keeping liquid is obtained by adding potassium silicate and aluminum potassium sulfate into a basic fresh-keeping liquid; in the fresh-keeping liquid, the concentration of potassium silicate is 70mg / L-80mg / L, and the concentration of aluminum potassium sulfate is 70mg / L-80mg / L. The limitation of simplification of a fresh-keeping method after fresh cut flowers are picked is broken through, the combination of the fresh-keeping liquid and multi-light-quality irradiation treatment is obtained, and the effect of remarkably prolonging the vase fresh-keeping period of the rose cut flowers Aisai and roselle is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cut flower preservation, and particularly relates to a preservation method for extending the preservation period of rose cut flowers. Background Art

[0002] Cut roses (Rosa rugosa Thunb.) are woody flowers in the Rosaceae family, commonly found in evergreen and semi-evergreen shrubland. They belong to the broader genus Rosa hybrida L. and are one of the world's four major cut flowers. However, postharvest issues with cut roses are becoming increasingly apparent, such as a short shelf life and susceptibility to damage. Losses during harvesting and transportation are estimated to be around 20%. These issues not only impact the market value of cut roses but also provide important research directions for the development of cut flower preservation technologies. Research indicates that the number of published papers in the field of cut flower preservation is increasing annually, indicating that cut flower preservation is receiving increasing attention. To extend the storage and vase life of cut roses, both physical and chemical preservation methods can be used. Physical preservation methods include temperature control, humidity control, controlled atmosphere, and radiation. Chemical preservation enhances the freshness and lifespan of cut roses by adding preservatives, fungicides, and antioxidants, as well as leveraging new technologies like nanotechnology and bioengineering. These include sugar preservatives, nitrogen-based preservatives, fungicides, organic acid preservatives, metal ion preservatives (calcium, potassium, and magnesium), plant growth regulators, ethylene inhibitors, small molecule signaling substances, and naturally derived substances. These technologies can slow the metabolism of cut flowers, reduce water evaporation and nutrient loss, and regulate the plant's pH to maintain color and freshness and reduce wilting. Antimicrobial agents prevent microbial infection, maintain the physiological condition of cut flowers, and thus extend their storage period and vase life.

[0003] In actual production, the main components of a basic flower preservative solution are sugar and a fungicide, with one or two additional ingredients sometimes added. A typical basic preservative solution contains 1% sucrose, a fungicide (200 ppm 8-HQS, 8-HQC, or 50 ppm silver nitrate), and an acidifier (200-600 ppm citric acid or aluminum sulfate). These inhibit microbial activity in the aqueous solution, control certain biochemical reactions and metabolic activities of cut flowers, increase the osmotic concentration of petal cells, promote their water balance, delay aging, and prevent soft stems and bent stems. However, existing technologies primarily use flower preservatives to extend the shelf life. Using a single preservative solution only has a limited shelf life for cut flowers, typically entering a decaying stage after about five days. To extend the shelf life, existing technologies typically increase the dosage of fungicides and acidifiers in the basic preservative solution. However, excessive amounts of fungicides and acidifiers do not extend the shelf life and can actually harm the cut flowers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a preservation method for extending the shelf life of rose cut flowers, which provides a new method for preserving cut flowers by combining multi-light quality irradiation with preservative liquid.

[0005] The technical solutions of the present invention are specifically as follows.

[0006] A method for extending the shelf life of rose cut flowers comprises the following steps:

[0007] Cut roses were immersed in preservative solution and kept in a 55 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ~65 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The multi-light quality irradiation treatment is carried out under the conditions of: if the light intensity is too low, photosynthesis will be insufficient, affecting its physiological metabolism process; if the light intensity is too high, light damage will be caused and the cut flowers will lose water too quickly; the multi-light quality is composed of LED white light, red light, blue light and green light with the same light intensity;

[0008] The illumination time of the multi-light quality irradiation treatment is 8h / d to 10h / d;

[0009] The fresh-keeping liquid is obtained by adding potassium silicate and potassium aluminum sulfate to a basic fresh-keeping liquid;

[0010] In the fresh-keeping liquid, the concentration of potassium silicate is 70 mg / L to 80 mg / L, and the concentration of potassium aluminum sulfate is 70 mg / L to 80 mg / L.

[0011] The invention combines multiple light qualities with vase liquid, wherein the multiple light qualities consisting of white light, red light, blue light and green light with a light intensity ratio of 1:1:1:1 cooperate with the preservative liquid obtained by adding potassium silicate and potassium aluminum sulfate to the basic preservative liquid, thereby extending the shelf life of rose cut flowers.

[0012] In another preferred embodiment, the wavelength range of the LED white light is 380nm to 780nm, with a peak at 452nm; the wavelength range of the blue light is 450nm to 480nm, with a peak at 455nm; the wavelength range of the green light is 500nm to 560nm, with a peak at 515nm; the wavelength range of the red light is 610nm to 730nm, with a peak at 658nm

[0013] In another preferred embodiment, the temperature of the multi-light quality irradiation treatment is 18° C. to 22° C., and the humidity is 70% to 75%.

[0014] In another preferred embodiment, the basic preservative solution is composed of sucrose, a bactericide, an acidifier and water;

[0015] The bactericide is 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate, and the acidifier is citric acid;

[0016] In the basic preservative solution, the concentration of sucrose is 10 g / L to 13 g / L, the concentration of 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate is 195 mg / L to 200 mg / L, and the concentration of citric acid is 145 mg / L to 150 mg / L.

[0017] In another preferred embodiment, the light source for multi-light quality illumination is located on the top of the cut rose flower, and the distance from the top of the cut rose flower is 18 cm to 22 cm.

[0018] In another preferred embodiment, the level of the preservative liquid is not lower than 2 / 3 of the stem of the cut rose.

[0019] In another preferred embodiment, the cut rose flowers are further subjected to waking up and pruning before being immersed in the preservative liquid.

[0020] In another preferred embodiment, the specific process of waking up the flowers and pruning them is as follows:

[0021] Soak all parts of the cut roses except the flower heads in the flower-awakening liquid. Take them out after 4 to 6 hours of waking up, and remove the damaged protective petals and excess leaves. Only keep one pinnate leaf closest to the flower head on each branch, and cut the stems at a 45-degree angle.

[0022] In another preferred embodiment, the flower awakening liquid is obtained by adding disinfectant tablets to water and stirring; the disinfectant tablets are chlorine dioxide disinfectant tablets, and the mass of the chlorine dioxide disinfectant tablets is 1g / tablet to 1.1g / tablet; 1 chlorine dioxide disinfectant tablet is added to every 5L of water.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention adopts multi-light quality treatment in combination with fresh-keeping liquid to effectively prolong the fresh-keeping time of rose cut flowers. -2 ·s -1 ~65 μmol·m -2 ·s -1The multi-light quality treatment is carried out for 8h / d to 10h / d at a quantum flux density of 1000 nm. This can reduce the yellowing of cut flowers, enhance the color and antioxidant activity of cut flowers, and reduce corruption. In addition, potassium silicate and potassium aluminum sulfate are added to the basic insurance solution, and the concentration of potassium silicate is 70mg / L to 80mg / L, and the concentration of potassium aluminum sulfate is 70mg / L to 80mg / L. This can reduce the transpiration rate, reduce water loss, and prevent wilting. The present invention combines multi-light quality with the preservation solution, and uses the antioxidant substances promoted by multi-light quality and the antioxidant enzymes enhanced by potassium silicate to jointly remove active oxygen and slow down oxidative damage. The blue light inhibits microbial growth and the antibacterial effect of potassium aluminum sulfate is superimposed to reduce the risk of corruption. Potassium silicate and potassium aluminum sulfate reduce water loss and maintain cell turgor pressure, so that cut flowers can respond more effectively to the light signals of multi-light quality and further delay aging. Potassium ions activate light-response-related enzymes, photosynthetic enzymes and antioxidant enzymes, enhance the light quality effect, and promote the synthesis of blue light-promoting anthocyanins. Through the synergistic effect of the two, the limitations of the existing technology of using only preservative liquid are effectively solved, and the damage to cut flowers caused by excessive fungicides and acidifiers is avoided, providing a new method for extending the shelf life of cut flowers.

[0025] In this invention, red light is used to alleviate chlorophyll and carbohydrate degradation, reducing yellowing of cut flowers; blue light is used to significantly promote the synthesis of anthocyanins and polyphenols, enhancing the color and antioxidant activity of cut flowers; a low proportion of green light is used to synergistically enhance the accumulation of antioxidants with the mixed red and blue light; and white light is used to provide full-spectrum energy, support photosynthesis, and maintain the basal metabolic level of cut flowers. Furthermore, in conjunction with the preservative solution, potassium silicate reduces the transpiration rate and reduces water loss; potassium aluminum sulfate can be hydrolyzed to form aluminum hydroxide colloid, which absorbs microorganisms and impurities, purifying the water absorption environment of cut flowers. The potassium ions in the colloid activate enzyme systems, promote carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism, maintain cell osmotic pressure, and prevent wilting.

[0026] The present invention breaks the limitations of the single method of post-harvest preservation of fresh cut flowers, and obtains a combination of preservative solution and multi-light quality irradiation treatment, which significantly prolongs the vase preservation period of rose cut flowers Aisha and Roselle. The vase preservation period of Aisha is extended to 23 days, and that of Roselle is extended to 10 days, providing diversified research directions for the future development of cut flower preservation. In the present invention, when the multi-light quality LED plant cultivation lamp adopts white light, red light, blue light and green light in different ratios and the light intensity ratio is 1:1:1:1, it significantly prolongs the vase preservation period of rose cut flowers Aisha and Roselle. At the same time, the preservative solution formed by adding potassium silicate and potassium aluminum sulfate to the basic preservative solution has a better preservation effect, is low-priced, and is environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of multi-light quality illumination processing in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2This is a diagram showing the changing states of rose cut flowers at different flowering stages according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 These are pictures of Aisha on the second day under different treatment conditions.

[0030] Figure 4 These are pictures of Aisha on the 5th day under different treatment conditions.

[0031] Figure 5 These are pictures of Aisha on the 8th day under different treatment conditions.

[0032] Figure 6 These are pictures of Aisha on the 11th day under different treatment conditions.

[0033] Figure 7 These are pictures of Aisha on the 14th day under different treatment conditions.

[0034] Figure 8 These are pictures of Aisha on the 17th day under different treatment conditions.

[0035] Figure 9 These are pictures of Aisha on the 20th day under different treatment conditions.

[0036] Figure 10 These are pictures of Aisha on the 23rd day under different treatment conditions.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a graph showing the changes in the daily average flowering period of Aisha under different treatment conditions; different lowercase letters indicate significant separation in the case of Duncan's multiple range test when p≤ multiple range test.

[0038] Figure 12 These are pictures of Luoshen on the second day after different treatments.

[0039] Figure 13 These are pictures of Roselle on the 4th day after different treatments.

[0040] Figure 14 These are pictures of Luoshen on the 6th day after different treatments.

[0041] Figure 15 These are pictures of Luoshen on the 8th day under different treatments.

[0042] Figure 16 These are pictures of Luoshen on the 10th day under different treatments.

[0043] Figure 17 This is a graph showing the changes in the average daily flowering period of Aisa under different treatment conditions.

[0044] Figure 18 These are the results of the average daily fresh weight of Aisha and Roselle under different treatments; A is the average daily fresh weight of Aisha, and B is the average daily fresh weight of Roselle.

[0045] Figure 19 These are trend diagrams of the total phenolic concentration changes in the petals of Aisa and Roselle under different treatments; among them, A is the trend diagram of the total phenolic concentration changes in the petals of Aisa, and B is the trend diagram of the total phenolic concentration changes in the petals of Roselle.

[0046] Figure 20 These are trend diagrams of total flavonoids concentration changes in petals of Aisa and Roselle under different treatments; among them, A is the trend diagram of total flavonoids concentration changes in petals of Aisa, and B is the trend diagram of total flavonoids concentration changes in petals of Roselle.

[0047] Figure 21 These are the trend diagrams of anthocyanin concentration changes in the petals of Aisha and Roselle under different treatments; among them, A is the trend diagram of anthocyanin concentration changes in the petals of Aisha, and B is the trend diagram of anthocyanin concentration changes in the petals of Roselle.

[0048] Figure 22 The following are the trends of changes in superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant system activity in petals under different treatments of Aisha and Roselle; among them, A is the trend of changes in the total antioxidant system activity of Aisha, and B is the trend of changes in the total antioxidant system activity of Roselle.

[0049] Figure 23 These are the trend diagrams of superoxide dismutase activity changes in petals of Aisha and Roselle under different treatments; among them, A is the trend diagram of superoxide dismutase activity changes in Aisha, and B is the trend diagram of superoxide dismutase activity changes in Roselle.

[0050] Figure 24 These are trend diagrams of the malondialdehyde concentration changes in the petals of Aisha and Roselle under different treatments; among them, A is the trend diagram of the malondialdehyde concentration changes in the petals of Aisha, and B is the trend diagram of the malondialdehyde concentration changes in the petals of Roselle. Figure 25 These are the trend diagrams of the relative conductivity of the petals of Aisha and Roselle during the vase preservation period under different treatments; A is the trend diagram of the relative conductivity of the petals of Aisha during the vase preservation period under different treatments; B is the trend diagram of the relative conductivity of the petals of Roselle during the vase preservation period under different treatments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, etc. used, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0052] The plant materials used in the examples of this invention are single-flowered cut roses, Elsa and Roselle. In mid-September 2024, both Elsa and Roselle were harvested from the Guangdong Jinglian Flower Farm and provided by the Shouguang Wansheng Flower Distribution Office, with 270 stems of each variety. The roses were uniform in size, mature, and had firm buds.

[0053] Use commercial Liuhe chlorine dioxide disinfectant tablets (chlorine dioxide content is 8.0wt% ± 0.8wt%; Henan Liuhe Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.) to disinfect and sterilize the culture room, flower awakening and flower growing containers, pruning shears, and flower awakening water. The sterilization process of the culture room is: 1 tablet is diluted with 0.5L of water, spray or wipe, and dry naturally. The disinfection process of flower awakening, flower growing containers and pruning shears is: 1 tablet is diluted with 5L of water, soak for 30 minutes, and then wipe dry. The disinfection process of flower awakening water is: 1 tablet is diluted with 5L of water, stir evenly, and wait until the chlorine dioxide disinfectant tablet is completely dissolved before use.

[0054] 1. Waking up and pruning Aisha cut flowers and Roselle cut flowers

[0055] Waking up the flowers: Soak the parts of the Aisha cut flowers and Roselle cut flowers except the flower heads in the prepared waking up water. Wake up the flowers in deep water for 4 to 6 hours, and adjust the waking up time according to the dehydration situation.

[0056] Pruning: Remove damaged protective petals and excess leaves, retaining only the single pinnate leaf closest to the flower head on each branch. Prune the stem at a 45-degree angle. Based on the container size, shelf height, and the condition of the cut flowers, the height of the stalks of Aisha and Roselle cut flowers was controlled at 26 cm ± 1 cm and 22 cm ± 1 cm, respectively. Table 1 summarizes the condition and phenotypic data of Aisha and Roselle cut flowers before and after pruning.

[0057] Table 1 Statistics of phenotypic data of Elsa and Roselle cut flowers after pruning and before the experiment in this experimental invention.

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] Note: Six cut flowers of each variety were uniformly selected for data collection in the table. The dry weight of the entire cut flower was obtained after drying in a 65°C drying oven for 7 days.

[0061] 2. Preservation method

[0062] Experimental location: Weifang University of Science and Technology, Seed Research and Development Center, first floor constant temperature plant culture room. Room temperature: 20 ± 2°C. Room humidity: 70%–75% RH.

[0063] After waking and trimming, cut Elsa and Roselle flowers were placed in vases filled with different preservative solutions. The water level in the vases was approximately 2 / 3 of the container's height, approximately 450 mL ± 5 mL. During the experiment, to prevent other contaminants from affecting the results, the preservative solution was kept continuously throughout the vases without changing it midway. The composition of the preservative solution is shown in Table 2.

[0064] Table 2 Composition of preservative solution

[0065]

[0066] Note: The concentration of sucrose is 10 g / L, the concentration of 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate is 200 mg / L, the concentration of citric acid is 150 mg / L, the concentration of potassium silicate is 75 mg / L, the concentration of potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate is 75 mg / L, "×" indicates not containing, "√" indicates containing, W indicates white light, R indicates red light, B indicates blue light, G indicates green light, and Fr indicates far-infrared light.

[0067] The total number of experimental materials required for each variety is: 9 treatments x 9 fresh cut flowers / replicate x 3 replicates = 243 fresh cut flowers. Experimental period: The experimental period for Aisha should not exceed 25 days, and for Roselle should not exceed 13 days. Place the vases containing Aisha and Roselle cut flowers in an incubator with a multi-light source on top. Figure 1 As shown, the wavelength of white light is 380nm-780nm, with a peak at 452nm, the wavelength of blue light is 450nm-480nm, with a peak at 455nm, the wavelength of green light is 500nm-560nm, with a peak at 515nm, the wavelength of red light is 610nm-730nm, with a peak at 658nm, and the wavelength of far-infrared light is 725nm-735nm, with a peak at 734nm. Different light quality combinations are set, the illumination intensity of each light is the same, and the quantum flux density of different light quality combinations is 60μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The light tubes of each light source are all T8 integrated LED tubes for plant growth; the LED light spectrum is measured using a handheld plant spectrum meter, and the total light intensity of the light quality treatment is 60±5μmol·m -2 ·s -1 In addition, LED lights were fixed at a distance of 20 ± 2 cm from the top of the plants, and light intensity was measured at the level of the top leaves of the plants using a quantum radiation probe. A pulse width control LED dimmer was used to maintain consistent total light intensity for each treatment. The photoperiod for the multi-light treatments was 9 ± 1 h light / 15 ± 1 h dark.

[0068] 3. Collection of morphological and growth physiological parameters related to preservation experiments:

[0069] 1) Character Recording: During the preservation experiment, based on the significant difference in daily changes in the condition of different varieties of rose cut flowers, the preservation condition of the cut flowers in different treatments was observed and recorded daily starting from the first day of the experiment. Starting from the second day of the experiment, Aisha was photographed every three days and Roselle was photographed every two days, and the characteristics of each were recorded. The condition assessment criteria are as follows:

[0070] State 1: Before the experiment, the petals and sepals were slightly more open than before the flowers woke up, the buds were more tightly curled, and the sepals were tilted upward. State 2: At the beginning of blooming, the petals were more open than in State 1. The petals were fresh, firm, and strong, and the sepals were almost flat. State 3: The petals opened further during the blooming period. When the buds were in full bloom, the flower head was a "cup" shape that was narrow at the bottom and wide at the top. The petals were fresh, firm, and strong, and the sepals were flat or slightly tilted downward. State 4: In the late blooming period, at the beginning of the decline, the petals wilt and soften, and the petals or flower head may droop, but they are not dry. The sepals wilt and droop. State 5: In the decline period, the petals go from wilting and soft to dry, appearing wrinkled, the petals begin to fall, and the sepals dry and droop.

[0071] According to the test chart of the changing state of rose cut flower flowering period carried out simultaneously with the preservation experiment, as shown in the figure below: Figure 2 As shown, the flowering period of cut roses was determined daily. The extreme values were removed from each treatment, and the average value (n=12) was taken. Each branch was marked to facilitate subsequent observation of the flowering period.

[0072] Daily trends in fresh weight of cut rose flowers during vase storage: The fresh weight of whole rose branches was measured daily. Within each treatment, the extreme values were removed and the average value (n = 12) was calculated. Each branch was marked to facilitate subsequent observation of changes during the flowering period.

[0073] 2) Effects of preservative composition and light quality on the degree of openness and shelf life of vase-cut roses: The following data were collected: percentage of vase-cut roses in full bloom (%) throughout the experimental period; average flower head diameter (cm) when vase-cut roses reached full bloom (i.e., stage 3); average number of days from the start of the experiment to stage 3; average number of days the flowers remained in full bloom; and average number of days from the first day of the vase-cut experiment to stage 5. For each treatment, the extreme values were removed and the average value (n = 12) was calculated. Each flower was marked to facilitate subsequent observation of flowering period changes.

[0074] Postharvest physiological indicators: Based on the significant differences in daily changes in the condition of different rose varieties, fresh petal samples were collected every three days from the second day of the experiment for cut roses from Aisha and every two days from Roselle. Total phenolic concentration, total flavonoid concentration, anthocyanin content, total antioxidant system activity, superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde concentration, and relative conductivity were measured. Extreme values were removed from each treatment, and the average value (n = 6) was calculated.

[0075] 4. Results

[0076] Phenotype during vase insertion and average flowering status of cut flowers: Figures 3 to 17 As shown, the vase shelf life of cut roses, Elsa and Roselle, varied under different treatments. Due to varietal specificity, the bud opening rate of Elsa was significantly slower than that of Roselle under different treatments. During the experiment, excluding cases where buds wilted midway due to treatment delays, the flowering period of Elsa was significantly longer than that of Roselle. Based on the significant differences in the experimental results, and to ensure visual consistency and cost-effectiveness for the final overall trait photography, the vase shelf life of the cut rose, Elsa, was determined to be 23 days, and that of Roselle to be 10 days.

[0077] The buds of Elsa rose cut flowers open slowly. Starting from the first day of the experiment, the status of the cut flowers in different treatments was observed and recorded every day; starting from the second day of the experiment, the status of the cut flowers in different treatments was recorded every three days. Figures 3 to 11 Analysis of Aisha's vase status shown: Cut roses in the W-2, WRB-2, and WRBFr-2 treatments wilted on the fifth day of the experiment and did not reach Stage 2. Cut roses in the CK control group wilted on the eighth day of the experiment and did not reach Stage 3. Cut roses in the WRBG-2 treatment wilted on the eleventh day of the experiment and did not reach Stage 3. Cut roses in the 4W-2, 2WRB-2, and WRBFr-2 treatments wilted on the fifth day of the experiment and did not reach Stage 2; cut roses in the CK control group wilted on the eighth day of the experiment and did not reach Stage 3; and cut roses in the WRBG-2 treatment wilted on the eleventh day of the experiment and did not reach Stage 3. Therefore, the daily average flowering status of the cut roses in these treatments was recorded from the day of wilting. The vase status of Elsa rose cut flowers in the WRBG-1, 2WRB-1, WRBFr-1, and 4W-1 treatments began to show differences starting from day 12. The WRBG-1 treatment had the slowest rate of decline. By the end of the experiment, 23 days after vase incubation, the roses in this treatment were in Stage 3, late in bloom, almost reaching Stage 4, the early stages of decline. By the end of the experiment, the roses in the 4W-1 treatments were in Stages 4.58 and 4.72, respectively, early in decline, almost reaching Stage 5. After 22 days of vase incubation, the roses in the 4W-1 treatment had already reached Stage 5. Of all the treatments, the petals of the Elsa rose cut flowers in the WRBG-1 treatment faded the slowest and maintained their color the most, retaining a distinct light pink color even after 23 days.

[0078] The buds of Roselle cut flowers generally open faster. From the first day of the experiment, the status of the cut flowers in different treatments was observed and recorded every day; from the second day of the experiment, the status of the cut flowers in different treatments was recorded every two days. Figures 12 to 17Analysis of the vase status of Roselle: Cut roses in all treatments opened and progressed from Stage 1 (pre-experimental bud stage) to Stage 5 (decline stage), with no cases of wilting and decay before opening. Similar to Elsa, cut roses in the WRBG-1 treatment wilted and declined the slowest, with the degree of decay increasing slowly. By the 10th day after vase exposure, the stage of decline for these roses was 3.75, which is slightly late in the blooming phase and not yet in the early stages of Stage 4 (decline stage). Unlike Elsa, cut roses in the WRBG-2 treatment also declined more slowly than in the other treatments. Roses in the WRB-1 treatment declined earlier than those in the WRBG-2 treatment, but by the 10th day after vase exposure, the stages of decline for these roses were similar to those in the WRBG-2 treatment, at 4.27 and 4.42, respectively, indicating a late stage of Stage 4 (decline stage) and approaching Stage 5 (decline stage). There was no significant difference in petal color fading among the treatments. In summary, the combination of multi-light-quality LEDs and preservative solution, namely treatment with WRBG-1, significantly prolonged the vase period of Elsa and Roselle roses, and significantly delayed the fading of the petals of Elsa rose cut flowers, which is beneficial to the appearance.

[0079] Changes in the average daily fresh weight of cut roses: Analyzing the average daily fresh weight data of cut roses can effectively reflect the water loss rate of fresh cut flowers during the vase insertion period, such as Figure 18 During the vase experiment, the average daily fresh weight of the Elsa rose cut flowers showed a downward trend. The rose cut flowers in the 4W-2.2WRB-2 and WRBFr-2 treatments wilted on the 5th day after the experiment and did not reach state 2; the rose cut flowers in the CK control group wilted on the 8th day after the experiment and did not reach state 3; the rose cut flowers in the WRBG-2 treatment wilted on the 11th day after the experiment and did not reach state 3. Therefore, the measurement of the average daily fresh weight of the rose cut flowers in these treatments stopped on the day of their decline, and their average daily fresh weight was no longer recorded thereafter ( Figure 18 A). After the vase experiment began, in the first 4 days, only the fresh weight of rose cut flowers in treatments WRBG-1 and 2WRB-1 showed a slight upward trend, and reached the maximum fresh weight of the entire experimental period on the 4th day of vase insertion, which were 30.70g and 30.12g respectively, and then showed a downward trend. By the end of the experiment, that is, the 23rd day of vase insertion, the fresh weight of Elsa rose cut flowers in treatment WRBG-1 was the largest compared with other treatments, at 10.62g, and the fresh weight decreased by 64.19% during the entire 23-day experimental period; followed by 2WRB-1 treatment, with Elsa fresh weight of 8.97g on the day the experiment ended, and fresh weight decreased by 69.84% during the entire experimental period. The daily average fresh weight of Roselle rose cut flowers showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing only in treatments WRBG-1 and WRBG-2 ( Figure 18B) In the WRBG-1 treatment, the fresh weight of Roselle roses showed a continuous upward trend over the first four days, reaching a maximum of 17.09g on the fourth day, before gradually decreasing. In the WRBG-2 treatment, the fresh weight of cut roses reached a maximum of 16.88g on the third day, with a significant decrease on the fourth day. By the end of the experiment, i.e., the tenth day after vase placement, the fresh weight of Roselle cut flowers in the WRBG-1 treatment was the highest compared to the other treatments, at 13.75g, representing a 17.07% decrease over the entire 10-day experimental period. The next highest weight was achieved in the WRBG-2 treatment, with a fresh weight of 12.39g at the end of the experiment, representing a 25.14% decrease over the entire experimental period. In summary, WRBG-1 significantly slowed the rate of water loss in cut roses of Elsa and Roselle, significantly extending their vase shelf life.

[0080] Effects of preservation solution composition and light quality treatment on the opening degree and shelf life of vase-arranged cut roses Elsa and Roselle.

[0081] Aisha: Aisha rose cut flowers in treatments 4W-2, 2WRB-2, WRBFr-2, WRBG-2, and the CK group withered before fully opening. Therefore, measurements of the openness and shelf life of these rose cut flowers in Table 3 ceased on the day of withering, and related indicators were not recorded further. Aisha rose cut flowers in treatments 4W-1, WRGB-1, 2WRB-1, and WRBFr-1 all progressed from the pre-experimental bud stage (Stage 1) to the final stage (Stage 5) of withering. Throughout the experimental period, the percentage of flowers reaching Stage 3 was 100%. Vase-mounted roses reached Stage 3 when in full bloom. The average flower head diameter of rose cut flowers in the WRBG-1 treatment was 7.97 cm ± 0.25 cm, similar to that of rose heads in treatment 4W-1, slightly smaller than those in treatment 2WRB-1, and slightly larger than those in treatment WRBFr-1. Roses in the 2WRB-1 treatment reached full bloom the earliest, with the shortest average number of days from the start of the experiment to State 3, at 5 ± 1.00 days. The WRBG-1 treatment reached full bloom slightly later, at 6.03 ± 1.05 days. The WRBG-1 treatment significantly prolonged full bloom compared to the other treatments, maintaining State 3 for 9.68 ± 0.93 days, followed by the 2WRB-1 treatment at 7.51 ± 1.07 days. By the end of the experiment, on day 23 after vase placement, the average State of roses in the WRBG-1 treatment was 3.96, just after full bloom and in the early stages of State 4, which is considered decay. Roses in treatments 2WRB-1 and 4W-1 were at States 4.58 and 4.72, respectively, indicating the early stages of decay and just reaching State 5, which is considered decay.

[0082] Table 3 Effects of preservative composition and light quality treatment on the opening degree and shelf life of vase-inserted rose Aisa cut flowers

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Note: “ / ” means the item is not included.

[0086] The results for Roselle are shown in Table 4. All cut roses bloomed in all treatments, progressing from the pre-experimental bud stage (Stage 1) to the decay stage (Stage 5). None withered or decayed before opening, resulting in a 100% bloom rate. Vase-insulated roses reached Stage 3 at full bloom. The average flower head diameters of roses in the WRBG-1 and WRBG-2 treatments were slightly smaller than those in the CK control, at 10.13±0.40 cm and 10.11±0.39 cm, respectively. These were significantly smaller than those in the 2WRB-1 and 2WRB-2 treatments, but slightly larger than those in the WRBFr-1 and WRBFr-2 treatments. Roses in the 2WRB-2 treatment reached full bloom the earliest, with the shortest average number of days from the start of the experiment to Stage 3, at 3.12±0.65 days. The 4W-1 treatment was slightly later than the 2WRB-2 treatment, with a time of 4.73±0.52 days from the start of the experiment to full bloom. The average number of days it took for rose cut flowers to reach full bloom was longer in the WRBG-1 and WRBG-2 treatments, at 6.68±0.57 and 6.74±0.60 days, respectively. WRBFr-1 and WRBFr-2 were the last to reach full bloom, at 7.27±0.51 and 7.31±0.53 days, respectively. The WRBG-1 treatment significantly prolonged full bloom, specifically the duration of State 3, at 3.17±0.40 days, compared to the other treatments, followed by the WRBG-2 treatment, at 2.75±0.43 days. On the 10th day after vase insertion, the average state of the rose cut flowers in the WRBG-1 treatment was 3.75, which was in the late blooming stage and almost reached the early stage of decay in state 4. Unlike Elsa, the decay rate of the Roselle cut flowers in the WRBG-2 treatment was also slower than that in the other treatments. The rose cut flowers in treatment 2WRB-1 decayed earlier than those in WRBG-2, but by the 10th day after vase insertion, the states of the roses in the WRBG-2 treatment were similar to those in the WRBG-2 treatment, at 4.27 and 4.42, respectively, which were in the late early stage of decay in state 4 and close to the decay stage of state 5. In addition to the above three treatments, the WRBFr-1 treatment had the longest vase insertion period, that is, the average number of days from the first day of the experiment to reaching state 5 was the longest, with the entire vase insertion period being 8.53±0.48 days; followed by treatments WRBFr-2, CK, and 4W-1, with vase insertion periods of 8.01±0.49, 8.03±0.50, and 8.00±0.51 days, respectively; the shortest vase insertion period was treatment 4W-2, which was 6.07±0.49 days.

[0087] Table 4 Effects of preservative composition and light quality treatment on the opening degree and shelf life of vase-arranged roses and cut roselles

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] In summary, WRBG-1 significantly prolonged the vase ornamental period. In addition, the light quality combination 2WRB was more conducive to the development of cut flower head diameter than WRBG.

[0091] The concentrations of total phenolics, total flavonoids, and anthocyanins in the petals of cut roses Aisha and Roselle during the vase storage period, as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase and the total antioxidant system, were analyzed under different treatments. Figures 19 to 23 As shown. The cut flowers of Elsa rose in treatments 4W-2, 2WRB-2, WRBFr-2, WRBG-2 and CK group withered before they were fully opened, so the measurement of total phenolic concentration of rose cut flowers in these treatments stopped on the day of their withering, and the concentrations of total phenolic, total flavonoids and anthocyanins and other antioxidant substances, superoxide dismutase activity, and changes in total antioxidant system activity were no longer measured. As the vase experiment progressed, the total phenolic concentration in the petals of Elsa rose cut flowers showed an overall downward trend. On the 11th day of vase placement, the total phenolic content in the petals of treatments WRBG-1 and 2WRB-1 suddenly decreased rapidly, among which the downward trend of treatment WRBG-1 was more gradual, while the other treatments decreased significantly from the beginning of the experiment ( Figure 19 A). At the end of the experiment, the total phenolic concentration in rose petals from WRBG-1 treatment was significantly higher than that from other treatments, reaching 0.307 GAE mg.g -1 FW, which was 67.34% lower than the second day after the experiment; the second was treatment 2WRB-1, with the total phenol concentration in rose petals being 0.217 GAE mg.g -1 FW, compared with the second day after the experiment, the total phenolic concentration in the petals of Roselle cut flowers decreased significantly on the fourth day after the experiment ( Figure 19 B) At the end of the experiment, the total phenolic concentration in rose petals of treatment WRBG-1 was significantly higher than that of other treatments, reaching 0.503 GAE mg.g-1 FW, which was 43.23% lower than that of the second day after the experiment. The second highest concentration was treatment WRBG-2, with a total phenolic concentration of 0.410 GAE mg.g-1 FW. -1FW, an overall decrease of 53.83% compared to the second day after the experiment. Eight days after the vase experiment, the total flavonoid concentrations in the petals of Elsa roses in treatments WRBG-1 and 2WRB-1 showed a significant upward trend, and treatment 2WRB-1 was always slightly higher than treatment WRBG-1. Subsequently, they both decreased significantly and rapidly. From the eighth day after vase experiment to the end of the experiment, the total flavonoid concentration in treatment WRBG-1 decreased more slowly than that in treatment 2WRB-1, and was higher than that in 2WRB-1. On the day of the experiment's end, the total flavonoid concentration in treatment WRBG-1 was significantly higher than that in treatments 2WRB-1, 4W-1, and WRBFr-1, reaching 0.60 (+)-catechin mg.g - 1 FW decreased by 40.48% compared with the second day after the experiment. The rose cut flowers in the 4W-2, 2WRB-2, and WRBFr-2 treatments wilted on the fifth day after the experiment and did not reach state 2. The rose cut flowers in the CK control group wilted on the eighth day after the experiment and did not reach state 3. The rose cut flowers in the WRBG-2 treatment wilted on the eleventh day after the experiment and did not reach state 3. Therefore, the measurement of total flavonoid concentrations of rose cut flowers in these treatments was stopped on the day of their decline, and the total flavonoid concentrations were no longer measured. Figure 20 A). The total flavonoids concentration in the petals of Roselle cut flowers decreased significantly on the fourth day of the experiment ( Figure 20 B) At the end of the experiment, the total flavonoid concentration in treatment WRBG-1 was the highest, significantly higher than that in treatments WRBG-2 and 2WRB-1, at 0.517 (+)-catechin mg.g -1 FW decreased by 61.10% compared with the second day after the start of the experiment.

[0092] During the first five days of the vase experiment, the anthocyanin concentrations in the petals of the Elsa rose in treatments WRBG-1 and 2WRB-1 showed a significant upward trend, and the concentration in treatment 2WRB-1 was always slightly higher than that in treatment WRBG-1. Then, they decreased significantly and rapidly. From the 11th day of vase experiment to the end of the experiment, the anthocyanin concentration in treatment WRBG-1 decreased more slowly than that in treatment 2WRB-1, and was higher than that in 2WRB-1. On the day of the experiment's end, the anthocyanin concentration in treatment WRBG-1 was significantly higher than that in treatments 2WRB-1, 4W-1, and WRBFr-1, reaching 0.067 OD530 mg -1DMW decreased by 50% compared with the second day after the experiment. The rose cut flowers in the 4W-2, 2WRB-2, and WRBFr-2 treatments wilted on the fifth day after the experiment and did not reach state 2. The rose cut flowers in the CK control group wilted on the eighth day after the experiment and did not reach state 3. The rose cut flowers in the WRBG-2 treatment wilted on the eleventh day after the experiment and did not reach state 3. Therefore, the anthocyanin concentration measurement of the rose cut flowers in these treatments was stopped on the day of their decline, and the anthocyanin concentration was no longer measured thereafter. Figure 21 A). The anthocyanin concentration in the petals of Roselle cut flowers showed an overall downward trend ( Figure 21 B) At the end of the experiment, the anthocyanin concentration in treatment WRBG-1 was the highest, slightly higher than that in treatment WRBG-2 and significantly higher than that in treatment 2WRB-1, at 0.067 OD530 mg -1 DMW decreased by 40.71% compared with the second day after the start of the experiment.

[0093] During the first five days of the vase experiment, the total antioxidant system activity in the petals of Aisha in treatments 2WRB-1, 4W-1, and WRBFr-1 initially increased, and then began to decrease on the fifth day of vase insertion. However, the total antioxidant system activity in the petals of Aisha in treatment WRBG-1 continued to increase during the first eight days of the vase insertion experiment, reaching its highest peak of 6.07 mM TEAC.g on the eighth day. - 1 By the end of the experiment, the total antioxidant system activity in the petals of Aisha in the WRBG-1 treatment was significantly higher than that in the 2WRB-1, 4W-1, and WRBFr-1 treatments, reaching 2.334 mM TEAC.g -1 FW decreased by 57.9% compared with the initial measurement on the second day after the experiment. The rose cut flowers in the 4W-2, 2WRB-2, and WRBFr-2 treatments wilted on the fifth day after the experiment and did not reach state 2. The rose cut flowers in the CK control group wilted on the eighth day after the experiment and did not reach state 3. The rose cut flowers in the WRBG-2 treatment wilted on the eleventh day after the experiment and did not reach state 3. Therefore, the measurement of the total antioxidant system activity of the rose cut flowers in these treatments was stopped on the day of their decline, and the total antioxidant system activity was no longer measured. ( Figure 22 A) The total antioxidant system activity in the petals of Roselle cut flowers in treatments 2WRB-1, WRBG-1, and WRBG-2 showed a significant and sustained upward trend over the first four days. Subsequently, the total antioxidant system activity in the petals of treatment 2WRB-1 began to decline significantly, with the rate of decline accelerating from the sixth day of vase placement. The total antioxidant system activity in the petals of treatments WRBG-1 and WRBG-2 continued to increase until the sixth day of vase placement, reaching a maximum value of 8.008 mM TEAC.g on the sixth day of the experiment, respectively.-1 FW and 7.515mMTEAC.g -1 By the end of the experiment, the total antioxidant system activity in the petals of WRBG-1 treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments, reaching 4.313mM TEAC.g -1 , which was 33.65% lower than the initial measurement on the second day of the experiment ( Figure 22 B).

[0094] The changes in superoxide dismutase activity in the petals of Elsa rose cut flowers in different treatments throughout the experimental period were as follows: 5 days before the vase experiment, the superoxide dismutase activity in the petals of Elsa rose in treatments 2WRB-1, 4W-1, and WRBFr-1 first showed an upward trend, and then began to decline on the 5th day of vase insertion; the superoxide dismutase activity in the petals of Elsa rose in treatment WRBG-1 continued to increase for the first 8 days of the vase insertion experiment, and reached the highest peak of 78.91Ug on the 8th day of the entire experimental period. -1 By the end of the experiment, the superoxide dismutase activity in the petals of Aisha in the WRBG-1 treatment was significantly higher than that in the 2WRB-1, 4W-1, and WRBFr-1 treatments, reaching 27.88 Ug -1 FW decreased by 58.09% compared with the initial measurement on the second day after the experiment. The rose cut flowers in the 4W-2, 2WRB-2, and WRBFr-2 treatments wilted on the fifth day after the experiment and did not reach state 2. The rose cut flowers in the CK control group wilted on the eighth day after the experiment and did not reach state 3. The rose cut flowers in the WRBG-2 treatment wilted on the eleventh day after the experiment and did not reach state 3. Therefore, the superoxide dismutase activity measurement of the rose cut flowers in these treatments was stopped on the day of their decline, and their superoxide dismutase activity was no longer measured. ( Figure 23 A). The superoxide dismutase activity in the petals of Roselle cut flowers showed a significant and continuous upward trend in the first four days in treatments 2WRB-1, WRBG-1, and WRBG-2. Among them, the superoxide dismutase activity in the 2WRB-1 treatment increased faster, and its value was slightly higher than the superoxide dismutase activity in treatments WRBG-1 and WRBG-2 on the fourth day after vase insertion. Subsequently, the superoxide dismutase activity in treatments 2WRB-1, WRBG-1, and WRBG-2 began to decline. Among them, the superoxide dismutase activity in the petals of treatment WRBG-1 decreased the slowest and most gradually compared with the other treatments. By the end of the experiment, the superoxide dismutase activity in the petals of treatment WRBG-1 was significantly higher than that of the other treatments, at 43.13 Ug -1 FW decreased by 48.11% compared with the first measurement on the second day of the experiment ( Figure 23B). In summary, WRBG-1 significantly delayed the degradation of antioxidant substances such as total phenolics, total flavonoids, and anthocyanins in the petals of cut roses (Aisha and Roselle) during the vase storage period, effectively alleviated the decrease in superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant system activity, thereby effectively extending the shelf life of cut flowers.

[0095] Changes in the malondialdehyde concentration and relative conductivity of the petals of rose cut flowers Aisa and Roselle during the vase preservation period under different treatments: The trends of the changes in the malondialdehyde concentration and relative conductivity of the petal membrane in the petals of Aisa rose cut flowers were similar. As the vase experiment progressed, the malondialdehyde concentration and relative conductivity of the petal membrane in all treatments showed an upward trend, but the increase in these two indicators in treatment WRBG-1 was the smallest compared with other treatments. On the day when the experiment ended, the malondialdehyde concentration and relative conductivity of the petals in treatment WRBG-1 were slightly lower than those in treatment 2WRB-1 and significantly lower than those in treatments 4W-1 and WRBFr-1. At this time, the malondialdehyde concentration and relative conductivity of the petals in treatment WRBG-1 were 0.0454 μmol.g -1 FW and 54.14% were the lowest values among all treatments. The rose cut flowers in the 4W-2, 2WRB-2, and WRBFr-2 treatments wilted on the 5th day after the experiment and did not reach state 2; the rose cut flowers in the CK control group wilted on the 8th day after the experiment and did not reach state 3; the rose cut flowers in the WRBG-2 treatment wilted on the 11th day after the experiment and did not reach state 3. Therefore, the measurement of MDA concentration in the rose cut flowers in these treatments was stopped on the day of their decline, and the MDA concentration was no longer measured. ( Figure 24 A, Figure 25 A). Similarly, the trends in the change of MDA concentration and petal membrane relative conductivity in the petals of cut Roselle roses were similar. As the vase experiment progressed, the MDA concentration and petal membrane relative conductivity in all treatments showed an upward trend, but the increase in these two indicators in treatment WRBG-1 was the smallest compared with the other treatments, followed by treatment WRBG-2. On the day of the experiment end, the MDA concentration and petal membrane relative conductivity values in treatment WRBG-1 were significantly lower than those in the other treatments. At this time, the MDA concentration and petal membrane relative conductivity values in treatment WRBG-1 were 0.0375 μmol.g -1 FW and 39.8%, both the lowest values among all treatments ( Figure 24 B, Figure 25 B).

[0096] In summary, WRBG-1 significantly slowed the increase in petal malondialdehyde concentration and petal membrane relative conductivity during the vase shelf life of cut rose varieties, including Elsa and Roselle, thereby effectively extending their shelf life. Both phenotypic and physiological indicators indicate that WRBG-1 is the optimal combination for extending the vase shelf life of cut rose varieties, including Elsa and Roselle.

[0097] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for extending the shelf life of rose cut flowers, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Cut roses were immersed in preservative solution and kept in a 55 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ~65 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 Multi-light quality irradiation treatment was performed under the conditions of The multi-light quality is composed of white light, red light, blue light and green light with the same light intensity; The illumination time of the multi-light quality irradiation treatment is 8h / d to 10h / d; The fresh-keeping liquid is obtained by adding potassium silicate and potassium aluminum sulfate to a basic fresh-keeping liquid; In the fresh-keeping liquid, the concentration of potassium silicate is 70 mg / L to 80 mg / L, and the concentration of potassium aluminum sulfate is 70 mg / L to 80 mg / L.

2. the preservation method for extending the shelf life of rose cut flowers according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The wavelength range of the white light is 380nm to 780nm, with a peak at 452nm; the wavelength range of the blue light is 450nm to 480nm, with a peak at 455nm; the wavelength range of the green light is 500nm to 560nm, with a peak at 515nm; the wavelength range of the red light is 610nm to 730nm, with a peak at 658nm.

3. the preservation method of extending the shelf life of rose cut flowers according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The temperature of the multi-light quality irradiation treatment is 18° C. to 22° C., and the humidity is 70% to 75%.

4. the preservation method for extending the shelf life of rose cut flowers according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The basic preservative solution is composed of sucrose, bactericide, acidulant and water; The bactericide is 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate, and the acidulant is citric acid; In the basic preservative solution, the concentration of sucrose is 10 g / L to 13 g / L, the concentration of 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate is 195 mg / L to 200 mg / L, and the concentration of citric acid is 145 mg / L to 150 mg / L.

5. The method for preserving the rose cut flower freshness-keeping period according to claim 1, wherein: The light source for multi-light quality irradiation is located on the top of the rose cut flower, and the distance from the top of the rose cut flower is 18 cm to 22 cm.

6. The method for extending the shelf life of rose cut flowers according to claim 1, wherein The liquid level of the fresh-keeping liquid is not lower than 2 / 3 of the stem of the cut rose.

7. The method for extending the shelf life of rose cut flowers according to claim 1, wherein The method further includes waking up the rose cut flowers and pruning the rose cut flowers before the rose cut flowers are soaked in the fresh-keeping liquid.

8. The method for extending the shelf life of rose cut flowers according to claim 7, wherein The specific process of waking up the flowers and pruning them is as follows: Soak all parts of the cut roses except the flower heads in the flower-awakening liquid. Take them out after 4 to 6 hours of waking up, and remove the damaged protective petals and excess leaves. Only keep one pinnate leaf closest to the flower head on each branch, and cut the stems at a 45-degree angle.

9. The method for extending the shelf life of rose cut flowers according to claim 7, wherein The flower awakening liquid is obtained by adding disinfectant tablets into water and stirring; The disinfection tablet is a chlorine dioxide disinfection tablet, and the mass of the chlorine dioxide disinfection tablet is 1g / tablet to 1.1g / tablet; one chlorine dioxide disinfection tablet is added to every 5L of water.

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