Controllable vascular ring constrictor for large animals and experimental method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of animal experiment instruments, in particular to a controllable vascular ring constrictor for large animals and an experiment method.The controllable vascular ring constrictor comprises a bottom plate, and an opening is formed in the bottom plate; a driving part is fixedly connected to one side wall of the bottom plate; an annular gear is rotationally matched with the side wall, away from the driving piece, of the bottom plate. An output shaft of the driving part penetrates through the bottom plate and is coaxially and fixedly connected with a first gear; second gears are symmetrically and rotationally matched with one side wall, far away from the driving part, of the bottom plate, and the second gears are meshed with the first gear; third gears are symmetrically and rotationally matched with the side wall, away from the driving part, of the bottom plate. The third gears are meshed with the adjacent second gears and the annular gear. A rebound air bag is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the opening in the bottom plate in the circumferential direction; an inflation assembly is arranged on the bottom plate; control assemblies are arranged on the side walls of the springback air bags, and a release assembly is arranged on the annular gear. The stability of hemodynamics in a myocardial infarction simulation experiment can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of animal experimental equipment, and in particular to a controllable blood vessel constrictor for large animals and an experimental method. Background Art

[0002] In cardiovascular disease research, surgical training, or drug development, simulating vascular stenosis or hemodynamic changes is often necessary to investigate pathological mechanisms or validate therapeutic approaches. Traditional vascular constriction techniques, such as suture ligation, suffer from irreversibility, difficulty in regulation, and secondary surgical trauma, limiting experimental controllability and the long-term stability of animal models. With advances in materials science, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), and biomedical engineering, the development of a dynamically adjustable, biocompatible, and intelligent vascular constrictor suitable for use in large animals has become an urgent need.

[0003] Prior art methods for constricting porcine blood vessels using controllable vascular constrictors to simulate myocardial infarction have drawbacks. For example, when constricting porcine blood vessels using existing constrictors, the vessel wall sustains a degree of damage due to the constrictor's compression, potentially triggering an inflammatory response. Inflammatory cells such as neutrophils and macrophages rapidly attract and aggregate to the damaged vessel wall, releasing large amounts of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). These inflammatory mediators can further exacerbate damage to vascular endothelial cells, disrupting endothelial integrity and leading to increased vascular permeability, extravasation of plasma proteins and fluid into the extravascular space, and localized edema. Furthermore, inflammatory mediators can affect the function of vascular smooth muscle cells, disrupting their contraction and relaxation, further interfering with normal vascular physiological regulation. Furthermore, the inflammatory response can activate the coagulation system, increasing the risk of platelet aggregation and thrombosis. This can affect the hemodynamic stability of simulated myocardial infarction experiments and lead to significant deviations in experimental results.

[0004] In summary, how to solve the problem that when using the existing constrictor to restrain pig blood vessels, the blood vessel wall will be damaged to a certain extent due to the squeezing of the constrictor, and an inflammatory response may be triggered, resulting in a large deviation in the experimental results has become a difficult problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a controllable blood vessel constrictor and experimental method for large animals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a controllable vascular constrictor and experimental method for large animals, which is used to release anti-inflammatory drugs and anti-platelet aggregation drugs during the process of vascular constriction, thereby reducing the inflammatory response caused by damage to the vascular wall due to compression to a certain extent, reducing the risk of platelet aggregation and thrombosis, improving the stability of hemodynamics in simulated myocardial infarction experiments, and improving the accuracy of experimental results.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a controllable vascular constrictor for large animals, including a controller, a base plate and an intelligent control system, the base plate having a "C"-shaped opening; a driving member is fixedly connected to one side wall of the base plate, and the controller is used to control the rotation of the output shaft of the driving member; a "C"-shaped ring gear is rotatably fitted on the side wall of the base plate away from the driving member.

[0007] The output shaft of the driving member passes through the base plate and is coaxially fixedly connected to the first gear; a second gear is symmetrically and rotatably matched on a side wall of the base plate away from the driving member, and the second gears are all engaged with the first gear; a third gear is symmetrically and rotatably matched on a side wall of the base plate away from the driving member, and the third gears are all engaged with the second gear adjacent to it and are all engaged with the ring gear.

[0008] A rebound airbag is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the opening on the bottom plate along its circumference; and an inflation component for inflating the rebound airbag is provided on the bottom plate.

[0009] The side walls of the rebound airbag are each provided with a control component for controlling the inflation amount of the rebound airbag by the inflation component.

[0010] A releasing component for releasing anti-inflammatory drugs on the surface of the rebound airbag is provided on the ring gear.

[0011] The technical principles of the above scheme are as follows:

[0012] Insert the opening on the base plate into the coronary compression area of the pig. At this time, use the controller to drive the motor to drive the first gear to rotate, and then transmit the power to the ring gear through the third gear set. The rotational motion of the ring gear is converted into circumferential displacement along the opening of the base plate. When the ring gear rotates, its opening can lock the coronary compression area of the pig. At the same time, the inflation component drives the rebound airbag to expand and radially contract. The rebound airbag presses the coronary compression area of the pig to compress the diameter of the blood vessels in the coronary compression area to the experimental requirements. The control component controls the inflation component to stop inflating the rebound airbag, thereby achieving the adjustment of the pig's coronary artery diameter.

[0013] When the recoil balloon compresses the compressed area of the pig's coronary artery, the release component can release the pre-stored anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet aggregation drugs. As the recoil balloon contacts the blood vessel wall, these drugs can slowly and continuously act on the surface of the blood vessel wall.

[0014] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. In the controlled vascular constriction experiment in large animals, the present invention can release anti-inflammatory drugs and anti-platelet aggregation drugs when compressing the blood vessels; anti-inflammatory drugs can inhibit the chemotaxis and aggregation of inflammatory cells to a certain extent, reduce the release of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), thereby alleviating further damage to vascular endothelial cells, maintaining the integrity of the vascular endothelium, reducing vascular permeability, and reducing the occurrence of local edema. Anti-platelet aggregation drugs can inhibit platelet aggregation, reduce the risk of thrombosis, improve the stability of hemodynamics in simulated myocardial infarction experiments, and thus improve the accuracy of experimental results.

[0016] 2. The present invention uses a gear transmission structure, that is, the driving member drives the first gear, the first gear meshes with the second gear, and the second gear meshes with the third gear, and finally drives the ring gear to move. This multi-stage gear transmission design can accurately convert the rotational motion of the motor into the displacement of the ring gear along the circumference of the bottom plate opening, making the locking of the blood vessel ring position more precise, which is conducive to constructing a vascular stenosis model that is more in line with experimental expectations.

[0017] 3. The present invention is equipped with a control component to regulate the inflation amount of the rebound airbag by the inflation component. According to different experimental requirements, the degree of compression of the rebound airbag on the blood vessel can be flexibly and accurately controlled, thereby accurately adjusting the blood vessel diameter to the desired value.

[0018] Furthermore, the inflation component includes a piston cylinder that is symmetrically and fixedly connected to a side wall of the base plate away from the driving member, a piston is slidably fitted in the piston cylinder, a piston rod is fixedly connected to the piston, a connecting rod is hinged to one end of the piston rod away from the piston, and the connecting rod is eccentrically hinged to the third gear adjacent to the piston rod at one end away from the piston rod, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are connected to the side wall of the piston cylinder, and a one-way valve is connected to the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe.

[0019] The input ends of the rebound airbags are connected to electromagnetic valves, and the controller is used to control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valves; the input ends of the rebound airbags are connected to the air outlet pipe on one of the piston cylinders.

[0020] Beneficial Effect: When the third gear rotates, the piston moves outward, drawing air in through the inlet pipe; when the piston moves inward, it forces air into the rebound airbag through the outlet pipe. This method of indirectly driving the rebound airbag's inflation through the movement of the ring gear achieves coordinated coordination between the inflation process and the ring gear's constriction of the blood vessel, eliminating the need for an additional power source and simplifying the device structure.

[0021] Furthermore, the control component includes strain gauges fixedly connected to the side walls of the rebound airbag, and the controller is used to receive strain signals sent by the strain gauges and send the strain signals to the intelligent control system.

[0022] Beneficial Effects: The strain gauge can sense the pressure changes on the rebound airbag during inflation in real time, converting them into strain signals and sending them to the controller. The controller then transmits the strain signals to the intelligent control system, which uses these signals to accurately determine the degree of expansion of the rebound airbag.

[0023] Furthermore, the release assembly includes a medicine storage tank and a plurality of spray nozzles circumferentially fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ring gear; the top of the medicine storage tank is connected to an air supply pipe, which is connected to the air outlet pipe on the adjacent piston cylinder; the bottom of the liquid storage tank is connected to a liquid infusion pipe, and the spray nozzles are all connected to the liquid infusion pipe.

[0024] The top of the medicine storage tank is connected with a detachable top cover.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The release component uses the gas pressure output by the piston cylinder to transport the medicine in the medicine storage tank to the spray nozzle through the air pipe and the infusion tube. At the same time, as the ring gear rotates, the spray nozzle can evenly and rotationally spray the anti-inflammatory drug and anti-platelet aggregation drug on the surface of the rebound airbag. As the rebound airbag contacts the blood vessel, the pressure of the rebound airbag on the blood vessel can cause the drug to penetrate into the blood vessel.

[0026] Furthermore, scale marks are engraved on the outer side wall of the ring gear.

[0027] Beneficial effects: Experimenters can grasp the degree of blood vessel constriction caused by the annular gear by observing the scale marks, and thus more accurately control the degree of blood vessel stenosis.

[0028] Furthermore, the rebound airbags are made of medical-grade silicone material.

[0029] Beneficial effects: Medical-grade silicone material has good biocompatibility and can reduce the irritation and rejection reaction of the rebound airbag to vascular tissue.

[0030] Furthermore, the medicine storage tank is made of transparent medical polycarbonate material.

[0031] Beneficial effects: The transparent medical polycarbonate material has good transparency, which makes it easy for experimenters to clearly observe the remaining amount of medicine in the medicine storage tank and replenish the medicine in time.

[0032] Furthermore, the surface of the rebound airbag is coated with a heparin coating.

[0033] Beneficial effects: Heparin has an anticoagulant effect. The heparin coating on the surface of the rebound balloon can further inhibit platelet aggregation and thrombus formation when the rebound balloon contacts the blood vessel wall, thereby enhancing the protective effect on blood vessels. This helps to reduce the deviation of experimental results caused by the influence of thrombus formation on hemodynamics, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the experiment.

[0034] Furthermore, the intelligent control system includes:

[0035] The identification module is used to use the controller to collect the strain signal sent by the strain gauge on the corresponding rebound airbag.

[0036] The analysis module is used to identify the expansion value of the corresponding rebound airbag based on the strain signal.

[0037] The control module is used to pre-set the rebound airbag that needs to be inflated and the expansion value of the corresponding rebound airbag, and use the controller to open the solenoid valve in the input end of the corresponding rebound airbag; when the corresponding rebound airbag reaches the expansion value, the control module uses the controller to control the output shaft of the driving member to stop rotating.

[0038] Beneficial effect: The experimenter only needs to set the rebound airbag to be inflated and the corresponding inflation value in the control module, and the system can automatically complete the subsequent inflation and deflation operations, ensuring that the experiment is carried out according to the predetermined plan, and improving the repeatability and comparability of the experiment.

[0039] Furthermore, a large animal controlled vascular constriction experimental method comprises the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Experimental preparation: According to the experimental requirements, use the control module of the intelligent control system to pre-set the rebound airbag that needs to be inflated and the corresponding inflation value of the rebound airbag; anesthetize the experimental animal, expose the coronary compression area that needs to be ring-constricted at the surgical site of the experimental animal, align the opening of the base plate with the coronary compression area and insert it.

[0041] Step 2: Blood vessel ring contraction: The controller opens the solenoid valve in the input end of the corresponding rebound airbag. At this time, the third gear rotates to drive the piston to move in the piston cylinder. At this time, the corresponding rebound airbag expands to compress the blood vessels in the quasi-coronary compression area; when the corresponding rebound airbag reaches the expansion value, the solenoid valve and the driving part in the input end of the corresponding rebound airbag are closed. At the same time, the spray nozzle sprays the medicine in the medicine storage tank onto the surface of the airbag. When the airbag contacts the blood vessel, the medicine is released to the outer wall of the blood vessel.

[0042] Step 3, Experimental Monitoring: Conduct subsequent experiments and data monitoring. After the experiment, use the controller to stop the rotation of the output shaft of the driving component, open all solenoid valves to deflate all rebound airbags, then release the ring gear from locking the blood vessel and remove the retractor.

[0043] Beneficial Effects: By combining this method with a controllable vascular constrictor, the method can simultaneously control the degree of vascular compression exerted by the rebound balloon while also releasing pre-stored anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet drugs. As the rebound balloon contacts the vessel wall, these drugs slowly and continuously act on the vessel surface, reducing the impact of thrombosis on experimental results and improving hemodynamic stability during simulated myocardial infarction experiments, thereby enhancing the accuracy of experimental results.

[0044] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 This is an axonometric view of the controllable vascular constrictor for large animals of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a rear view of the controllable vascular constrictor for large animals of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the steps of the controllable vascular constriction experimental method for large animals of the present invention.

[0048] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. base plate; 2. driving part; 3. ring gear; 4. first gear; 5. second gear; 6. third gear; 7. rebound airbag; 8. piston cylinder; 9. piston rod; 10. connecting rod; 11. air outlet pipe; 12. medicine storage tank; 13. spray nozzle; 14. top cover; 15. infusion tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0050] As attached Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown: A controllable vascular constrictor for large animals, including a controller, a base plate 1 and an intelligent control system. The base plate 1 has a "C"-shaped opening; a driving member 2 is fixedly connected to one side wall of the base plate 1, and the controller is used to control the rotation of the output shaft of the driving member 2; a "C"-shaped ring gear 3 is rotatably engaged on the side wall of the base plate 1 away from the driving member 2.

[0051] The output shaft of the driving member 2 passes through the base plate 1 and is coaxially fixedly connected to the first gear 4; the second gear 5 is symmetrically and rotatably matched on the side wall of the base plate 1 away from the driving member 2, and the second gears 5 are all engaged with the first gear 4; the third gear 6 is symmetrically and rotatably matched on the side wall of the base plate 1 away from the driving member 2, and the third gear 6 is all engaged with the second gear 5 adjacent to it and is also engaged with the ring gear 3.

[0052] A rebound airbag 7 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the opening on the bottom plate 1 along its circumferential direction; and an inflation component for inflating the rebound airbag 7 is provided on the bottom plate 1 .

[0053] The side walls of the rebound airbag 7 are provided with a control component for controlling the inflation amount of the rebound airbag 7 by the inflation component.

[0054] The ring gear 3 is provided with a release component for releasing the anti-inflammatory drug on the surface of the rebound airbag 7 .

[0055] The inflation component includes a piston cylinder 8 which is symmetrically and fixedly connected to a side wall of the base plate 1 away from the driving member 2. A piston is slidably fitted in the piston cylinder 8, and a piston rod 9 is fixedly connected to the piston. A connecting rod 10 is hinged at one end of the piston rod 9 away from the piston, and an end of the connecting rod 10 away from the piston rod 9 is eccentrically hinged to the third gear 6 adjacent to it. An air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe 11 are connected to the side wall of the piston cylinder 8, and a one-way valve is connected to the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe 11.

[0056] The input ends of the rebound airbags 7 are connected to electromagnetic valves, and the controller is used to control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valves; the input ends of the rebound airbags 7 are connected to the air outlet pipe 11 on one of the piston cylinders 8.

[0057] The control assembly includes strain gauges fixedly connected to the side walls of the rebound airbag 7. The controller is used to receive strain signals sent by the strain gauges and send the strain signals to the intelligent control system.

[0058] The release assembly includes a medicine storage tank 12 and a plurality of spray nozzles 13 circumferentially fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ring gear 3; the medicine storage tank 12 is made of transparent medical polycarbonate material, and the top of the medicine storage tank 12 is connected to an air supply pipe, which is connected to the air outlet pipe 11 on the adjacent piston cylinder 8; the bottom of the liquid storage tank is connected to an infusion pipe 15, and the spray nozzles 13 are all connected to the infusion pipe 15.

[0059] A top cover 14 is detachably connected to the top of the medicine storage tank 12 .

[0060] The outer side wall of the ring gear 3 is engraved with scale marks.

[0061] The rebound airbag 7 is made of medical-grade silicone material, and the surface of the rebound airbag 7 is coated with heparin.

[0062] The intelligent control system includes:

[0063] The identification module is used to collect the strain signal sent by the strain gauge on the corresponding rebound airbag 7 using the controller.

[0064] The analysis module is used to identify the expansion value of the corresponding rebound airbag 7 based on the strain signal.

[0065] The control module is used to pre-set the rebound airbag 7 that needs to be inflated and the expansion value of the corresponding rebound airbag 7, and use the controller to open the solenoid valve in the input end of the corresponding rebound airbag 7; when the corresponding rebound airbag 7 reaches the expansion value, the control module uses the controller to control the output shaft of the driving member 2 to stop rotating.

[0066] A large animal controlled vascular ring contraction experimental method comprises the following steps:

[0067] Step 1, experimental preparation: according to the experimental requirements, use the control module of the intelligent control system to pre-set the rebound airbag 7 that needs to be inflated and the corresponding expansion value of the rebound airbag 7; anesthetize the experimental animal, expose the coronary compression area that needs to be circumscribed at the surgical site of the experimental animal, align the opening of the base plate 1 with the coronary compression area and insert it.

[0068] Step 2: Blood vessel ring contraction: the controller opens the solenoid valve in the input end of the corresponding rebound airbag 7. At this time, the third gear 6 rotates to drive the piston to move in the piston cylinder 8. At this time, the corresponding rebound airbag 7 expands to compress the blood vessels in the quasi-coronary compression area; when the corresponding rebound airbag 7 reaches the expansion value, the solenoid valve and the driving part 2 in the input end of the corresponding rebound airbag 7 are closed. At the same time, the spray nozzle 13 sprays the medicine in the medicine storage tank 12 onto the surface of the airbag. When the airbag contacts the blood vessel, the medicine is released to the outer wall of the blood vessel.

[0069] Step 3, experimental monitoring: conduct subsequent experiments and data monitoring. After the experiment, use the controller to stop the rotation of the output shaft of the driving member 2, open all solenoid valves to deflate all rebound airbags 7, then release the blood vessel lock of the ring gear 3 and remove the constrictor.

[0070] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0071] The expansion value of the rebound airbag 7 is set in advance according to the diameter value of the pig coronary compression zone contraction required by the experiment, and the rebound airbag 7 that needs to be expanded is selected. Figure 1 Take the rebound airbag 7 at the bottom inner side of the opening on the midsole plate 1 as an example.

[0072] First, the top cover 14 is removed, and a sufficient amount of anti-inflammatory drugs and anti-platelet aggregation drugs are added to the drug storage tank 12. In this embodiment, the anti-inflammatory drugs and anti-platelet aggregation drugs are aspirin and clopidogrel.

[0073] Subsequently, the experimental pigs underwent preoperative preparations such as anesthesia, and the coronary artery compression area of the pigs was exposed at the appropriate surgical site.

[0074] Combine Figure 1As shown, the "C"-shaped opening on the base plate 1 is aligned with the pig's coronary compression area and inserted. The controller is then activated to control the rotation of the output shaft of the driving member 2. The rotation of the output shaft of the driving member 2 drives the rotation of the first gear 4. The first gear 4 is sequentially engaged with the second gear 5 and the third gear 6, causing the ring gear 3 to rotate on the side wall of the base plate 1. When the opening of the "C"-shaped ring gear 3 rotates to the left, the vascular constrictor has completed its positioning in the pig's coronary compression area. At the same time, when the opening of the ring gear 3 is facing left, the ring gear 3 can lock the pig's coronary compression area, preventing the ring gear 3 from falling off during the experiment.

[0075] In this embodiment, the initial state of the solenoid valves in the input ends of all rebound airbags 7 is closed.

[0076] Controller Open Figure 1 The electromagnetic valve in the input end of the rebound airbag 7 at the bottom inner side of the opening on the middle bottom plate 1; at the same time, during the rotation of the third gear 6, the connecting rod 10 eccentrically hinged thereto drives the piston rod 9 to move, thereby causing the piston to reciprocate in the piston cylinder 8. When the piston reciprocates, due to the action of the one-way valves in the air inlet and outlet pipes 11, outside air is sucked into the piston cylinder 8 and pressed into the rebound airbag 7 at the bottom inner side of the opening on the bottom plate 1 through the outlet pipe 11. At this time, the rebound airbag 7 expands and presses the bottom of the pig's coronary artery compression zone blood vessel, so that it can simulate the situation of stenosis at the bottom of the blood vessel. As the rebound airbag 7 continues to expand, the bottom of the blood vessel is gradually squeezed, the cross-sectional area of the blood vessel decreases, the blood flow velocity increases when passing through this area, and the pressure decreases, simulating the hemodynamic changes when the blood vessel is stenotic. During this process, the strain gauge on the side wall of the rebound airbag 7 monitors the pressure on the rebound airbag 7 in real time. The strain gauge can produce a certain deformation under pressure. At this time, the resistance value of the strain gauge will change. The controller identifies the resistance value of the strain gauge, and then converts the resistance value into the expansion value of the rebound airbag 7, and transmits it to the intelligent control system.

[0077] When the analysis module in the intelligent control system identifies that the corresponding rebound airbag 7 has reached a preset expansion value based on the strain signal, the control module immediately controls the output shaft of the driving component 2 to stop rotating through the controller, and at the same time closes the solenoid valve in the input end of the rebound airbag 7 to stop inflating it, ensuring that the bottom of the blood vessel is compressed to a diameter that meets the experimental requirements, accurately simulating the pathological state of local vascular stenosis during myocardial infarction, and providing a reliable experimental model for subsequent research.

[0078] Strain gauges on the sidewalls of the rebound airbag 7 sense the pressure changes during inflation in real time, converting them into strain signals and transmitting them to the controller. The controller transmits these strain signals to the recognition module of the intelligent control system. After the recognition module acquires the signals, the analysis module uses these signals to accurately identify the expansion value of the corresponding rebound airbag 7. When the corresponding rebound airbag 7 reaches the preset expansion value, the control module uses the controller to close the solenoid valve within the corresponding rebound airbag 7 and simultaneously stop the output shaft of the driver 2, thereby adjusting the diameter of the pig's coronary artery to the diameter of the coronary artery compression zone that meets the experimental requirements.

[0079] During this process, the experimenter can grasp the rotation angle and displacement of the ring gear 3 by observing the scale marks on the outer side wall of the ring gear 3, so as to more accurately control the degree of blood vessel constriction.

[0080] At the same time, the experimenter can control the expansion of the rebound airbags 7 at different positions according to the experimental requirements to simulate the pathological state of local vascular stenosis in different myocardial infarction processes. For example, when it is necessary to simulate the stenosis of the entire blood vessel, the solenoid valves in the input ends of all the rebound airbags 7 can be opened in sequence by the controller. As the rebound airbags 7 expand synchronously, the coronary compression zone blood vessels of the pig will be compressed in all directions, so that the overall cross-sectional area of the blood vessel is uniformly reduced, the blood flow velocity in the entire blood vessel segment is accelerated, and the pressure is reduced, thereby accurately simulating the hemodynamic changes when the entire blood vessel is stenotic.

[0081] Combine Figure 1 As shown, when the rebound airbag 7 compresses the pig's coronary artery compression area, gas discharged from the other piston cylinder 8 enters the drug storage tank 12 through the gas pipe. The pressure in the drug storage tank 12 then increases, and the aspirin and clopidogrel mixed solution in the drug storage tank 12 is transported to the spray nozzle 13 through the infusion tube 15. As the ring gear 3 rotates, the spray nozzle 13 sprays the aspirin and clopidogrel mixed solution evenly in a ring shape on the surface of the rebound airbag 7.

[0082] When the rebound airbag 7 contacts the blood vessel wall, the drug slowly and continuously penetrates into the surface of the blood vessel wall under the pressure of the rebound airbag 7 on the blood vessel, exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet aggregation effects, reducing the inflammatory response caused by the damage to the blood vessel wall due to squeezing, and reducing the risk of platelet aggregation and thrombosis.

[0083] Aspirin inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) activity and reduces the synthesis of inflammatory mediators prostaglandins and thromboxanes, thereby effectively inhibiting the chemotaxis and aggregation of inflammatory cells and reducing the level of the inflammatory response. Clopidogrel was selected as the antiplatelet aggregation agent. Its mechanism of action is to selectively inhibit the binding of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to platelet receptors, subsequently inhibiting the activation of the ADP-mediated glycoprotein GPⅡb / Ⅲa complex, thereby reducing platelet aggregation. Through the synergistic effect of these two drugs, when the rebound balloon 7 compresses the vessel wall, aspirin reduces the inflammatory response and protects vascular endothelial cells, while clopidogrel inhibits platelet aggregation and reduces the risk of thrombosis. Together, these two drugs ensure hemodynamic stability during the simulated myocardial infarction experiment and improve the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0084] At the end of the experiment, the solenoid valve is opened by the controller to slowly discharge the gas in the rebound airbag 7, and the output shaft of the driving member 2 is controlled by the controller to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the opening of the ring gear 3 is aligned with the opening of the base plate 1, the lock on the pig's coronary artery compression area is released, and the entire vascular constrictor is removed from the coronary artery compression area of the experimental pig.

[0085] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A controllable vascular constrictor for large animals, characterized in that: The invention comprises a controller, a base plate (1) and an intelligent control system, wherein the base plate (1) is provided with a "C"-shaped opening; a driving member (2) is fixedly connected to one side wall of the base plate (1); the controller is used to control the rotation of the output shaft of the driving member (2); a "C"-shaped ring gear (3) is rotatably matched on a side wall of the base plate (1) away from the driving member (2); The output shaft of the driving member (2) passes through the bottom plate (1) and is coaxially fixedly connected to the first gear (4); a second gear (5) is symmetrically and rotationally matched on a side wall of the bottom plate (1) away from the driving member (2), and the second gears (5) are all meshed with the first gear (4); a third gear (6) is symmetrically and rotationally matched on a side wall of the bottom plate (1) away from the driving member (2), and the third gears (6) are all meshed with the second gear (5) adjacent thereto and are also meshed with the ring gear (3); A rebound airbag (7) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the opening on the bottom plate (1) along its circumferential direction; an inflation component for inflating the rebound airbag (7) is provided on the bottom plate (1); A control component for controlling the inflation amount of the rebound airbag (7) by the inflation component is provided on each side wall of the rebound airbag (7); A release component for releasing anti-inflammatory drugs on the surface of the rebound airbag (7) is provided on the ring gear (3).

2. The large animal controllable vascular constrictor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inflation component comprises a piston cylinder (8) symmetrically and fixedly connected to a side wall of the bottom plate (1) away from the driving member (2), a piston is slidably fitted in the piston cylinder (8), a piston rod (9) is fixedly connected to the piston, a connecting rod (10) is hinged at one end of the piston rod (9) away from the piston, and an end of the connecting rod (10) away from the piston rod (9) is eccentrically hinged to a third gear (6) adjacent thereto, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe (11) are connected to the side wall of the piston cylinder (8), and a one-way valve is connected to the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe (11); The input ends of the rebound airbags (7) are connected to electromagnetic valves, and the controller is used to control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valves; the input ends of the rebound airbags (7) are connected to the air outlet pipe (11) on one of the piston cylinders (8).

3. The large animal controllable vascular constrictor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control assembly comprises strain gauges fixedly connected to the side walls of the rebound airbag (7); the controller is used to receive strain signals sent by the strain gauges and send the strain signals to the intelligent control system.

4. The large animal controllable vascular constrictor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The release assembly includes a medicine storage tank (12) and a plurality of spray nozzles (13) circumferentially fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ring gear (3); the top of the medicine storage tank (12) is connected to an air supply pipe, which is connected to an air outlet pipe (11) on an adjacent piston cylinder (8); the bottom of the liquid storage tank is connected to a liquid delivery pipe (15), and the spray nozzles (13) are all connected to the liquid delivery pipe (15); The top of the medicine storage tank (12) is detachably connected to a top cover (14).

5. The controllable vascular constrictor for large animals according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the ring gear (3) is engraved with scale marks.

6. The controllable vascular constrictor for large animals according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rebound airbags (7) are all made of medical grade silicone material.

7. The controllable vascular constrictor for large animals according to claim 6, characterized in that: The medicine storage tank (12) is made of transparent medical polycarbonate material.

8. The controllable vascular constrictor for large animals according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surface of the rebound airbag (7) is coated with a heparin coating.

9. The controllable vascular constrictor for large animals according to claim 8, characterized in that: The intelligent control system includes: an identification module for collecting, by means of a controller, a strain signal sent by a strain gauge on a corresponding rebound airbag (7); An analysis module, configured to identify an expansion value of a corresponding rebound airbag (7) based on the strain signal; The control module is used to pre-set the rebound airbag (7) to be inflated and the expansion value of the corresponding rebound airbag (7), and use a controller to open the electromagnetic valve in the input end of the corresponding rebound airbag (7); when the corresponding rebound airbag (7) reaches the expansion value, the control module uses the controller to control the electromagnetic valve in the corresponding rebound airbag (7) to close, and controls the output shaft of the driving member (2) to stop rotating.

10. A large animal controllable vascular constriction experimental method, based on the large animal controllable vascular constrictor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, experimental preparation: according to the experimental requirements, the control module of the intelligent control system is used to pre-set the rebound airbag (7) to be inflated and the corresponding inflation value of the rebound airbag (7); the experimental animal is anesthetized, the coronary artery compression area to be subjected to the ring contraction operation is exposed at the surgical site of the experimental animal, and the opening of the base plate (1) is aligned with the coronary artery compression area and inserted; Step 2: Blood vessel ring contraction: the controller opens the electromagnetic valve in the input end of the corresponding rebound airbag (7), and at this time the third gear (6) rotates to drive the piston to move in the piston cylinder (8), and at this time the corresponding rebound airbag (7) expands to compress the blood vessel in the quasi-coronary compression zone; when the corresponding rebound airbag (7) reaches the expansion value, the electromagnetic valve and the driving member (2) in the input end of the corresponding rebound airbag (7) are closed, and at the same time, the spray nozzle (13) sprays the medicine in the medicine storage tank (12) onto the surface of the airbag, and when the airbag contacts the blood vessel, the medicine is released to the outer wall of the blood vessel; Step 3, experimental monitoring: conduct subsequent experiments and data monitoring. After the experiment is completed, use the controller to stop the rotation of the output shaft of the driving member (2), open all solenoid valves to deflate all rebound airbags (7), then release the ring gear (3) from locking the blood vessel and remove the constrictor.

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