Preparation process of low-oxidation-chromatic-aberration 6061 aluminum alloy material

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-oxidation color difference 6061 aluminum alloy material preparation technology, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy preparation, and the low-oxidation color difference 6061 aluminum alloy material preparation technology comprises the following steps: raw material proportioning, smelting and casting, plastic processing, material heat treatment and material surface pretreatment; according to the method, the surface of the material is pretreated, the appearance attractiveness of a finished product can be effectively improved in the process, it is ensured that the surface color is uniform after anodic oxidation through component control, homogenization treatment and the pulse oxidation technology, the material surface hole sealing process is set in the method, nickel salt is used for hole sealing, and therefore the surface quality is improved. The finished product is suitable for a marine environment or a high-humidity area, the corrosion resistance of the finished product is greatly improved, finally, a varnish spraying process aiming at the material is further arranged, an oxidation film of the finished product can be effectively protected, the glossiness of the finished product is improved, and the actual application effect of the whole method is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy preparation, and in particular relates to a preparation process of a low-oxidation color difference 6061 aluminum alloy material. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloys are alloy materials made by melting aluminum with other metals or non-metallic elements (such as copper, magnesium, silicon, and zinc). Combining the lightweight properties of aluminum with the strengthening effects of other elements, they are high-performance materials widely used in modern industry. The preparation of aluminum alloys requires the application of aluminum alloy preparation processes.

[0003] A Chinese patent (CN103866166A) discloses a process for preparing an aluminum alloy, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Add a ZL101 aluminum ingot, melt it completely, and then cover the melt; Step 2: Add one of the modifiers Te and Sb and then keep it warm; Step 3: Add one or more of the rare earth elements La, Ce, Y, and Hf and then keep it warm. The ZL101 alloy melt, after being treated as described above, can be refined and cast into ingots or parts, and after cooling, a high-toughness ZL101 aluminum-silicon alloy can be obtained. This process uses the combined action of rare earth elements and long-lasting modifiers to achieve controllable morphologies of α-Al and eutectic Si, inhibiting the formation of α-Al dendrites and the generation of long-strength eutectic silicon during solidification, thereby producing a high-toughness ZL101 aluminum-silicon alloy. Although the current preparation method can also complete the preparation of aluminum alloys, it does not perform good pretreatment of the materials, cannot improve the appearance of the finished product, and does not adopt component control, homogenization treatment and pulse oxidation technology, and cannot ensure the uniformity of the surface color after anodizing. The application effect of the overall method is not good, and a low-oxidation color difference 6061 aluminum alloy material preparation process is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that although the current preparation method can also complete the preparation of aluminum alloy, it does not perform good pretreatment of the material, cannot improve the appearance of the finished product, and does not adopt component control, homogenization treatment and pulse oxidation technology, cannot ensure the uniformity of the surface color after anodization, and the application effect of the overall method is poor. A preparation process of low-oxidation color difference 6061 aluminum alloy material is proposed.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a process for preparing a low-oxidation color difference 6061 aluminum alloy material, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, mix the raw materials;

[0007] S2, smelting and casting;

[0008] S3, performing plastic processing;

[0009] S4, performing material heat treatment;

[0010] S5. Pre-treat the surface of the material;

[0011] S6, performing anodizing treatment;

[0012] S7, sealing the surface of the material;

[0013] S8, performing surface modification treatment;

[0014] S9. Conduct quality inspection and pack for storage.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] In S1, the raw materials are proportioned, and the precise proportions of each group of raw materials are performed according to the material composition of the 6061 aluminum alloy material, wherein aluminum (≥99.5%) is used as the matrix, magnesium (0.8-1.2%) and silicon (0.6-1.0%) are added, and impurity elements (such as iron ≤0.15%, copper ≤0.05%) are controlled to reduce the source of color difference.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] In S2, smelting and casting are performed, and the specific steps are: placing the raw materials in a smelting furnace, controlling the smelting temperature to 700-750°C, introducing argon into the furnace, and adding hexachloroethane to remove hydrogen and inclusions in the melt, and using a semi-continuous casting process for casting.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] In S3, plastic processing is performed and the material is processed by an extrusion molding process, specifically: the extrusion barrel temperature is preset to 450-480°C, the mold is preheated to 420-450°C, and the extrusion speed is set to 3-5m / min to extrude the material.

[0021] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0022] In S4, the material is heat treated, specifically by heating the material to 550-570° C., keeping the temperature for 2-3 hours, performing quenching and cooling treatment, and then performing aging treatment.

[0023] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0024] In the S5, the material surface is pretreated, including degreasing, alkali washing, neutralization and electrolytic polishing. The specific steps are: placing the material in a degreasing machine, adding degreasing liquid, raising the temperature to 50-60°C, and treating for 3-6 minutes to remove oil stains on the surface of the material, wherein the degreasing liquid uses 40-60g / L sodium hydroxide solution, and then performing alkaline etching treatment, adding 50g / L sodium hydroxide solution, raising the temperature to 40-50°C, and treating for 40-60s to form a uniform activated surface, using nitric acid to neutralize and remove the black ash remaining from the alkali washing, and using a phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid electrolysis system with a voltage of 12-15V and a time of 2-3 minutes to make the material surface have a mirror gloss.

[0025] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0026] In the step S6, anodizing treatment is performed, using 180-200 g / L sulfuric acid as the electrolyte, and controlling the current density to be 1.5-2.0 A / dm 2 , voltage 12-15V, oxidation time 30-40min, film thickness 10-15μm, use positive pulse to reduce edge effect.

[0027] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0028] In S7, the surface of the material is sealed using a medium-temperature nickel salt for 20-30 minutes, and the pressure resistance after sealing is ≥30 MPa.

[0029] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0030] In S8, surface modification treatment is performed, specifically: using UV curing varnish, setting the temperature to 40-50° C., and the time to 10-15 minutes, spraying the material surface with paint to protect the oxide film and improve the glossiness.

[0031] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0032] In S9, quality inspection is performed, and the product is packaged and put into storage. The quality inspection includes color difference inspection and film performance test.

[0033] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] In the present invention, the method pre-treats the surface of the material, and this process can effectively improve the appearance of the finished product. The method ensures uniform surface color after anodizing through component control, homogenization treatment and pulse oxidation technology. A material surface sealing process is set in the method, and nickel salt sealing is used to make the finished product suitable for marine environment or high humidity areas, greatly improving its anti-corrosion performance. Finally, a varnish spraying process for the material is also provided, which can effectively protect the finished product oxide film and improve the gloss of the finished product. The overall method has good practical application effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the preparation process of a low-oxidation color difference 6061 aluminum alloy material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a preparation process of a low-oxidation color difference 6061 aluminum alloy material, comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1. Raw material ratios are carried out. According to the material composition of 6061 aluminum alloy, each group of raw materials is accurately proportioned, with aluminum (≥99.5%) as the matrix, magnesium (0.8%) and silicon (0.6%) added, and impurity elements (such as iron ≤0.15%, copper ≤0.05%) controlled to reduce the source of color difference;

[0040] S2. Melting and casting, the specific steps of which are: placing the raw materials in a melting furnace, controlling the melting temperature to 700° C., introducing argon gas into the furnace, adding hexachloroethane to remove hydrogen and inclusions in the melt, and casting using a semi-continuous casting process;

[0041] S3, performing plastic processing, using an extrusion molding process to process the material, specifically: presetting the extrusion barrel temperature to 450°C, preheating the mold to 420°C, and setting the extrusion speed to 3m / min to extrude the material;

[0042] S4, heat treatment of the material, specifically the following steps: heating the material to 550°C, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, quenching and cooling, and then aging treatment;

[0043] S5. Pre-treating the material surface, including degreasing, alkali washing, neutralization, and electrolytic polishing, specifically comprising the following steps: placing the material in a degreasing machine, adding a degreasing solution, raising the temperature to 50° C., and treating for 3 minutes to remove oil stains on the material surface; wherein the degreasing solution is a 40 g / L sodium hydroxide solution; and then performing an alkaline etching treatment, adding a 50 g / L sodium hydroxide solution, raising the temperature to 40° C., and treating for 40 seconds to form a uniformly activated surface; neutralizing with nitric acid to remove residual black ash from the alkali washing; and using a phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid electrolysis system with a voltage of 12 V for 2 minutes to give the material surface a mirror-like gloss.

[0044] S6: Perform anodizing treatment, using 180g / L sulfuric acid as the electrolyte and controlling the current density to 1.5A / dm 2 , voltage 12V, oxidation time 30min, film thickness 10μm, using positive pulse to reduce edge effect;

[0045] S7. Seal the surface of the material with medium-temperature nickel salt for 20 minutes. The pressure resistance after sealing should be ≥30 MPa.

[0046] S8, performing surface modification treatment, specifically: using UV curing varnish, setting the temperature to 40 ° C, the time to spray paint on the surface of the material to protect the oxide film and improve the gloss;

[0047] S9. Carry out quality inspection, pack and put into storage. Quality inspection includes color difference inspection and film performance test.

[0048] In this embodiment, the method incorporates a surface sealing process using nickel salts, making the finished product suitable for marine environments or high-humidity areas, significantly improving its corrosion resistance. Finally, a clear varnish spraying process is also included, effectively protecting the finished product's oxide film and enhancing its gloss. The overall method demonstrates excellent practical application results.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a preparation process of a low-oxidation color difference 6061 aluminum alloy material, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1. Raw material ratios are carried out. According to the material composition of 6061 aluminum alloy, each group of raw materials is accurately proportioned, with aluminum (≥99.5%) as the matrix, magnesium (0.9%) and silicon (0.8%) added, and impurity elements (such as iron ≤0.15%, copper ≤0.05%) controlled to reduce the source of color difference;

[0052] S2. Melting and casting, the specific steps of which are: placing the raw materials in a melting furnace, controlling the melting temperature to 730° C., introducing argon gas into the furnace, adding hexachloroethane to remove hydrogen and inclusions in the melt, and casting using a semi-continuous casting process;

[0053] S3, performing plastic processing, using an extrusion molding process to process the material, specifically: presetting the extrusion barrel temperature to 460°C, preheating the mold to 430°C, and setting the extrusion speed to 4m / min to extrude the material;

[0054] S4, heat treatment of the material, specifically the following steps: heating the material to 560°C, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, quenching and cooling, and then aging treatment;

[0055] S5. Pre-treat the surface of the material, including degreasing, alkali washing, neutralization, and electrolytic polishing. The specific steps are as follows: place the material in a degreasing machine, add degreasing liquid, increase the temperature to 55° C., and treat for 5 minutes to remove oil stains on the surface of the material. The degreasing liquid uses 55g / L sodium hydroxide solution, and then perform alkaline etching treatment, add 50g / L sodium hydroxide solution, increase the temperature to 45° C., and treat for 50 seconds to form a uniform activated surface. Neutralize with nitric acid to remove residual black ash from alkali washing. Use a phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid electrolysis system with a voltage of 13V for 2 minutes to make the surface of the material have a mirror finish.

[0056] S6: Anodize and use 190g / L sulfuric acid as the electrolyte, and control the current density to 1.8A / dm 2 , voltage 13V, oxidation time 35min, film thickness 12μm, using positive pulse to reduce edge effect;

[0057] S7. Seal the surface of the material with medium-temperature nickel salt for 25 minutes. The pressure resistance after sealing should be ≥30 MPa.

[0058] S8, perform surface modification treatment, specifically: use UV curing varnish, set the temperature to 45 ° C, the time is 12 minutes, and spray paint on the surface of the material to protect the oxide film and improve the gloss;

[0059] S9. Carry out quality inspection, pack and put into storage. Quality inspection includes color difference inspection and film performance test.

[0060] In this embodiment, the method pre-treats the material surface, which can effectively improve the appearance of the finished product. The method ensures uniform surface color after anodizing through component control, homogenization and pulse oxidation technology.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] See also Figure 1The present invention provides a technical solution: a preparation process of a low-oxidation color difference 6061 aluminum alloy material, comprising the following steps:

[0063] S1. Raw material ratios are carried out. According to the material composition of 6061 aluminum alloy, each group of raw materials is accurately proportioned, with aluminum (≥99.5%) as the matrix, magnesium (1.2%) and silicon (1.0%) added, and impurity elements (such as iron ≤ 0.15%, copper ≤ 0.05%) controlled to reduce the source of color difference;

[0064] S2. Melting and casting, the specific steps of which are: placing the raw materials in a melting furnace, controlling the melting temperature to 750° C., introducing argon gas into the furnace, adding hexachloroethane to remove hydrogen and inclusions in the melt, and casting using a semi-continuous casting process;

[0065] S3, performing plastic processing, using an extrusion molding process to process the material, specifically: presetting the extrusion barrel temperature to 480°C, preheating the mold to 450°C, and setting the extrusion speed to 5m / min to extrude the material;

[0066] S4, heat treatment of the material, specifically the following steps: heating the material to 570°C, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, quenching and cooling, and then aging treatment;

[0067] S5. Pre-treating the material surface, including degreasing, alkali washing, neutralization, and electrolytic polishing, specifically comprising the following steps: placing the material in a degreasing machine, adding a degreasing solution, raising the temperature to 60° C., and treating for 6 minutes to remove oil stains on the material surface; wherein the degreasing solution is a 60 g / L sodium hydroxide solution; and then performing an alkaline etching treatment, adding a 50 g / L sodium hydroxide solution, raising the temperature to 50° C., and treating for 60 seconds to form a uniformly activated surface; neutralizing with nitric acid to remove residual black ash from the alkali washing; and using a phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid electrolysis system with a voltage of 15 V for 3 minutes to give the material surface a mirror-like gloss.

[0068] S6, perform anodizing treatment, use 200g / L sulfuric acid as electrolyte, and control the current density to 2.0A / dm 2 , voltage 15V, oxidation time 40min, film thickness 15μm, positive pulse is used to reduce edge effect;

[0069] S7. Sealing the surface of the material with medium-temperature nickel salt for 30 minutes. The pressure resistance after sealing should be ≥30 MPa.

[0070] S8, perform surface modification treatment, specifically: use UV curing varnish, set the temperature to 50 ° C, time 15 minutes, spray paint on the material surface to protect the oxide film and improve the gloss;

[0071] S9. Carry out quality inspection, pack and put into storage. Quality inspection includes color difference inspection and film performance test.

[0072] In this embodiment, the method performs pretreatment on the surface of the material, and this process can effectively improve the appearance of the finished product. The method ensures uniform surface color after anodizing through ingredient control, homogenization treatment and pulse oxidation technology, and a material surface sealing process is set in the method, using nickel salt for sealing, so that the finished product is suitable for marine environment or high humidity area, greatly improving its anti-corrosion performance, and finally a varnish spraying process for the material is also provided, which can effectively protect the finished product oxide film and improve the gloss of the finished product. The overall method has good practical application effect.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a preparation process of a low-oxidation color difference 6061 aluminum alloy material, comprising the following steps:

[0075] S1. Raw material ratios are carried out. According to the material composition of 6061 aluminum alloy, each group of raw materials is accurately proportioned, with aluminum (≥99.5%) as the matrix, magnesium (1.1%) and silicon (0.9%) added, and impurity elements (such as iron ≤0.15%, copper ≤0.05%) controlled to reduce the source of color difference;

[0076] S2. Melting and casting, the specific steps of which are: placing the raw materials in a melting furnace, controlling the melting temperature to 740° C., introducing argon gas into the furnace, adding hexachloroethane to remove hydrogen and inclusions in the melt, and casting using a semi-continuous casting process;

[0077] S3, performing plastic processing, using an extrusion molding process to process the material, specifically: presetting the extrusion barrel temperature to 470°C, preheating the mold to 440°C, and setting the extrusion speed to 4m / min to extrude the material;

[0078] S4, heat treatment of the material, specifically the following steps: heating the material to 560°C, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, quenching and cooling, and then aging treatment;

[0079] S5. Pre-treating the material surface, including degreasing, alkali washing, neutralization, and electrolytic polishing, specifically comprising the following steps: placing the material in a degreasing machine, adding a degreasing solution, raising the temperature to 60° C., and treating for 5 minutes to remove oil stains on the material surface; wherein the degreasing solution is a 60 g / L sodium hydroxide solution; and then performing an alkaline etching treatment, adding a 50 g / L sodium hydroxide solution, raising the temperature to 48° C., and treating for 60 seconds to form a uniformly activated surface; neutralizing with nitric acid to remove residual black ash from the alkali washing; and using a phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid electrolysis system with a voltage of 15 V for 3 minutes to give the material surface a mirror-like gloss.

[0080] S6, perform anodizing treatment, use 200g / L sulfuric acid as electrolyte, and control the current density to 2.0A / dm 2 , voltage 15V, oxidation time 40min, film thickness 15μm, positive pulse is used to reduce edge effect;

[0081] S7. Sealing the surface of the material with medium-temperature nickel salt for 30 minutes. The pressure resistance after sealing should be ≥30 MPa.

[0082] S8, perform surface modification treatment, specifically: use UV curing varnish, set the temperature to 50 ° C, time 15 minutes, spray paint on the material surface to protect the oxide film and improve the gloss;

[0083] S9. Carry out quality inspection, pack and put into storage. Quality inspection includes color difference inspection and film performance test.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for preparing a low-oxidation color-difference 6061 aluminum alloy material, characterized by: The steps include: S1, mix the raw materials; S2, smelting and casting; S3, performing plastic processing; S4, performing material heat treatment; S5. Pre-treat the surface of the material; S6, performing anodizing treatment; S7, sealing the surface of the material; S8, performing surface modification treatment; S9. Conduct quality inspection and pack for storage.

2. The process for preparing a low-oxidation color difference 6061 aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the raw materials are proportioned, and the precise proportions of each group of raw materials are performed according to the material composition of the 6061 aluminum alloy material, wherein aluminum (≥99.5%) is used as the matrix, magnesium (0.8-1.2%) and silicon (0.6-1.0%) are added, and impurity elements (such as iron ≤0.15%, copper ≤0.05%) are controlled to reduce the source of color difference.

3. The process for preparing a low-oxidation color-difference 6061 aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, smelting and casting are performed, and the specific steps are: placing the raw materials in a smelting furnace, controlling the smelting temperature to 700-750°C, introducing argon into the furnace, and adding hexachloroethane to remove hydrogen and inclusions in the melt, and using a semi-continuous casting process for casting.

4. The process for preparing a low-oxidation color-difference 6061 aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, plastic processing is performed and the material is processed by an extrusion molding process, specifically: the extrusion barrel temperature is preset to 450-480°C, the mold is preheated to 420-450°C, and the extrusion speed is set to 3-5m / min to extrude the material.

5. The process for preparing a low-oxidation color-difference 6061 aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the material is heat treated, specifically by heating the material to 550-570° C., keeping the temperature for 2-3 hours, performing quenching and cooling treatment, and then performing aging treatment.

6. The process for preparing a low-oxidation color-difference 6061 aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S5, the material surface is pretreated, including degreasing, alkali washing, neutralization and electrolytic polishing. The specific steps are: placing the material in a degreasing machine, adding degreasing liquid, raising the temperature to 50-60°C, and treating for 3-6 minutes to remove oil stains on the surface of the material, wherein the degreasing liquid uses 40-60g / L sodium hydroxide solution, and then performing alkaline etching treatment, adding 50g / L sodium hydroxide solution, raising the temperature to 40-50°C, and treating for 40-60s to form a uniform activated surface, using nitric acid to neutralize and remove the black ash remaining from the alkali washing, and using a phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid electrolysis system with a voltage of 12-15V and a time of 2-3 minutes to make the material surface have a mirror gloss.

7. The process for preparing a low-oxidation color-difference 6061 aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S6, anodizing treatment is performed, using 180-200 g / L sulfuric acid as the electrolyte, and controlling the current density to be 1.5-2.0 A / dm 2 , voltage 12-15V, oxidation time 30-40min, film thickness 10-15μm, use positive pulse to reduce edge effect.

8. The process for preparing a low-oxidation color-difference 6061 aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S7, the surface of the material is sealed using a medium-temperature nickel salt for 20-30 minutes, and the pressure resistance after sealing is ≥30 MPa.

9. The process for preparing a low-oxidation color-difference 6061 aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S8, surface modification treatment is performed, specifically: using UV curing varnish, setting the temperature to 40-50° C., and the time to 10-15 minutes, spraying the material surface with paint to protect the oxide film and improve the glossiness.

10. The process for preparing a low-oxidation color-difference 6061 aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S9, quality inspection is performed, and the product is packaged and put into storage. The quality inspection includes color difference inspection and film performance test.

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