Pole core, battery and thermal runaway triggering device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a pole core, a battery and a thermal runaway triggering device and method, and relates to the technical field of batteries, the pole core comprises a pole core body and at least two test electrodes; a plurality of pole piece test electrodes which are arranged at intervals are arranged in the pole core body, each pole piece test electrode is provided with a first end and a second end, the first ends are arranged on target pole pieces in the plurality of pole pieces and are electrically insulated from the target pole pieces, and the second ends are positioned outside the pole core body and are used for receiving thermal trigger voltage. When the electrode core is used for triggering thermal runaway, thermal runaway voltage is provided for the second end, the thermal runaway voltage can be applied to a target electrode piece, the triggered electrode core is subjected to thermal runaway, and due to the fact that the structure and the inherent function of the electrode core are not changed, when the test electrode is used for triggering thermal runaway, the thermal runaway voltage can be applied to the target electrode piece. And the method is closer to a real inner short thermal runaway mode of the pole core.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a pole core, a battery, a thermal runaway triggering device and a method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy vehicles, the safety of new energy vehicle batteries is gaining increasing public attention. Battery safety assessment and protection solutions are two key technologies for improving battery safety. The key to these two technologies is to find a stable and controllable triggering method that closely resembles actual internal short-term thermal runaway to evaluate battery safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application provides a pole core, a battery, a thermal runaway triggering device and a method, which are used to provide a technical solution for evaluating the safety performance of the pole core by providing a stable and controllable short thermal runaway method that is close to the real one.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a pole core for use in a thermal runaway trigger test of a battery, comprising a pole core body and at least two test electrodes; the pole core body has a plurality of pole pieces spaced apart from each other.

[0005] The test electrode has a first end and a second end. The first end is arranged on a target pole piece among the multiple pole pieces and is electrically insulated from the target pole piece. The second end is located outside the pole core body and is used to receive a thermal trigger voltage.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, the at least two test electrodes include a first test electrode and a second test electrode.

[0007] The first end of the first test electrode and the first end of the second test electrode are both disposed on the same target electrode.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the distance between the first end of the first test electrode and the first end of the second test electrode is within a thermal runaway distance range.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the thermal runaway distance range is 1 mm to 3 mm.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the at least two test electrodes include a first test electrode and a second test electrode; the target electrode includes a first electrode and a second electrode among a plurality of electrode pieces;

[0011] The first end of the first test electrode is arranged on the first electrode piece, and the first end of the second test electrode is arranged on the second electrode piece.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the position of the first end of the first test electrode on the first electrode piece is set corresponding to the position of the first end of the second test electrode on the second electrode piece, and the number of electrodes spaced between the first electrode piece and the second electrode piece is within a preset value range.

[0013] In an optional implementation, the preset value range is 0-5.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, a first electrical insulating layer is provided at the first end of the test electrode, and the first end of the test electrode is electrically insulated from the target electrode through the first electrical insulating layer, or a second electrical insulating layer is provided on the contact area between the target electrode and the first end of the test electrode, and the first end of the test electrode is electrically insulated from the target electrode through the second electrical insulating layer.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the material of the first electrically insulating layer and the second electrically insulating layer includes polypropylene, polyethylene or polyimide.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the thickness of the first electrically insulating layer and the second electrically insulating layer is within a preset thickness range.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the preset thickness range is 10 μm-50 μm.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the material of the test electrode includes copper, nickel or tungsten.

[0019] And / or, the test electrode may be in the shape of a metal sheet, a metal wire, or a metal coil.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application discloses a battery comprising at least one set of test poles, a packaging shell, and at least one pole core as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0021] The pole core is arranged inside the packaging shell, and at least one group of test poles extends from the inside of the packaging shell to the outside of the packaging shell and is electrically insulated from the packaging shell.

[0022] A portion of at least one target test pole in at least one group of test poles located inside the encapsulating shell is connected to the second end of at least one test electrode in at least one pole core.

[0023] At least one set of test poles is used to receive an external thermal trigger voltage.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the battery further includes a group of working poles, which extend from the inside of the packaging shell to the outside of the packaging shell and are electrically insulated from the packaging shell.

[0025] A group of working poles are located inside the encapsulation shell and are connected to the pole core.

[0026] A set of working poles is used to provide electrical energy to the outside when the battery is working.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, one test pole in at least one group of test poles is a first target test pole, and one working pole in a group of working poles is a second target test pole;

[0028] A portion of one of the first target test pole and the second target test pole located inside the encapsulating shell is connected to the second end of the test electrode in the at least one pole core.

[0029] Alternatively, two test poles in at least one group of test poles are a first target test pole and a second target test pole.

[0030] Portions of the first target test pole and the second target test pole located inside the encapsulating shell are connected to the second ends of the two test electrodes in at least one pole core in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0031] In a third aspect, the present application discloses a thermal runaway triggering device, comprising a test power supply, a switch module, a control module, and a battery according to any one of the contents of the second aspect; the positive and negative electrodes of the test power supply are respectively connected to a first target test pole and a second target test pole in the battery to form a test loop, the switch module is disposed in the test loop, and the control module is communicatively connected to the test power supply and the switch module;

[0032] The control module is used to determine the thermal runaway voltage according to the type of battery, control the switch module to close, and control the test power supply to provide the thermal runaway voltage to the two target test poles to trigger thermal runaway of the battery.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the thermal runaway triggering device further includes a data acquisition module, which is connected to a group of working poles of the battery and is in communication with the control module; wherein the group of working poles includes a positive pole and a negative pole;

[0034] The data acquisition module is used to: collect the current voltage of the battery and / or the current temperature of the battery;

[0035] The control module is further configured to: when the current voltage and / or the current temperature indicate that the battery has thermal runaway, control the switch module to disconnect so as to disconnect the test circuit.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, the thermal runaway voltage ranges from 80V to 120V, and at the thermal runaway voltage, the current in the first target test pole and the second target test pole ranges from 10A to 30A.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, the present application discloses a method for triggering battery thermal runaway, the method comprising the following steps:

[0038] A battery is provided, including a first target test post and a second target test post.

[0039] One end of the test power supply is connected to the first target test pole, and the other end of the test power supply is connected to the second target test pole to form a test loop.

[0040] The test loop is closed to provide electrical energy to the battery through the test power supply, thereby triggering thermal runaway of the battery.

[0041] The technical solution provided by this application includes a core body and at least two test electrodes. The test electrode has a first end located inside the core body and a second end located outside the core body. The first end is disposed on a target electrode among the multiple electrode pieces in the core body and is electrically insulated from the target electrode piece to ensure that the test electrode does not interfere with the core's inherent functions and normal use. The second end is configured to receive an external thermal trigger voltage. When thermal runaway is triggered by the core, a thermal runaway voltage is provided to the second end. This thermal runaway voltage is applied to the target electrode piece through the test electrode, triggering thermal runaway in the core. Because the core's inherent structure and inherent functions remain unchanged, when thermal runaway is triggered by the test electrode, the core's thermal runaway is closer to a true internal short-circuit thermal runaway mode. Furthermore, when simulating core thermal runaway using the core, the thermal runaway voltage provided to the second end can be stably controlled based on an external voltage source. Therefore, using the core provides a stable and controllable method that approximates true internal short-circuit thermal runaway to evaluate the safety performance of batteries containing the core. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a pole core provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an electrode core provided in an embodiment of the present application includes two test electrodes, and the first ends of the test electrodes are both arranged on the same target and electrode piece;

[0045] Figure 3 Another electrode core provided in an embodiment of the present application includes two test electrodes, and the first ends of the test electrodes are both arranged on the same target and electrode piece;

[0046] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of another pole core provided in an embodiment of the present application includes two test electrodes, and the first ends of the test electrodes are both arranged on the same target and pole piece;

[0047] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a pole core provided in an embodiment of the present application includes two test electrodes, and the first ends of the test electrodes are arranged on two targets and a pole piece;

[0048] Figure 6 Another electrode core provided in an embodiment of the present application includes two test electrodes, and the first ends of the test electrodes are arranged on two targets and an electrode piece;

[0049] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of another pole core provided in an embodiment of the present application includes two test electrodes, and the first ends of the test electrodes are arranged on two targets and a pole piece;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a test electrode in a pole core provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which a first electrically insulating layer is provided at the first end thereof;

[0051] Figure 9 A schematic structural diagram of another pole core provided in an embodiment of the present application includes two test electrodes, and the first ends of the test electrodes are arranged on two targets and a pole piece;

[0052] Figure 10 A schematic structural diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 11 A schematic structural diagram of another battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 12 A schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal runaway triggering device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 13 A schematic structural diagram of another battery thermal runaway triggering device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 14 A flowchart of a battery thermal runaway triggering method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0057] Figure markings: 1-core body, 10-test electrode 11-first test electrode, 12-second test electrode, 101-first end of the test electrode, 102-second end of the test electrode, 103-first electrical insulation layer, 111-first end of the first test electrode, 121-the second side is the first end of the electrode, 2-a group of test poles, 20-multiple pole pieces, 21-first target test pole, 22-second target test pole, 201-target pole piece, 202-first pole piece, 203-second pole piece, 204-second electrical insulation layer, 3-packaging shell, 4-battery, 41-positive pole piece of the battery, 42-negative pole piece of the battery.

[0058] The above drawings illustrate specific embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and the textual description are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of the present application to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0060] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. It will be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application may be used herein to describe various information or data, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the first information from another information. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, the first action information may be referred to as the second action information, and similarly, the second action information may be referred to as the first action information. Both the first action information and the second action information are action information, but they are not the same action information.

[0061] First, let’s explain the terms involved in this application:

[0062] True internal short circuit: refers to the direct contact between the positive and negative poles inside the battery, forming a low-impedance path, which causes an abnormal increase in the current inside the battery.

[0063] Thermal runaway: refers to the situation in which, during certain chemical reactions or physical processes (such as battery charging and discharging), the temperature rises, causing the reaction rate to accelerate, which in turn generates more heat. This heat further accelerates the reaction rate, thus forming a vicious cycle and causing the temperature to rise uncontrollably.

[0064] A cell is the basic unit of a battery and the smallest rechargeable or non-rechargeable cell in a battery system. It converts chemical energy into electrical energy through chemical reactions, or vice versa, for storage. Cells can be used individually or combined in series or parallel to form battery packs to meet varying voltage and capacity requirements.

[0065] Pole sheet: This is the carrier of the positive and negative electrode materials in a battery and is an important component of the battery. Pole sheets are usually composed of active materials, conductive agents, binders, and current collectors, and are manufactured through processes such as coating, drying, and compaction.

[0066] With the development of new energy vehicles, the safety of new energy vehicle batteries is gaining increasing public attention. Battery safety assessment and protection solutions are two important technologies for improving battery safety. The key to these two technologies is to find a stable, controllable triggering method that closely resembles a true internal short-circuit thermal runaway to evaluate battery safety. Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a technical solution for evaluating the safety performance of the battery cell in a stable, controllable manner that closely resembles a true internal short-circuit thermal runaway.

[0067] The following specific embodiments describe in detail the technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0068] First, refer to Figure 1 The present embodiment provides a pole core, comprising a pole core body 1 and at least two test electrodes 10. The pole core body 1 includes a plurality of pole pieces 20 spaced apart from one another. The pole pieces 20 are used to store or release electrical energy during the charge and discharge process of the pole core 1. The plurality of pole pieces 20 may be stacked or wound, which is not specifically limited in the present embodiment.

[0069] The pole core also includes a diaphragm (not shown in the figure) located between adjacent pole pieces. The diaphragm is used to electrically insulate adjacent pole pieces 20, but the diaphragm must also ensure the permeation of ions when the pole core is working normally.

[0070] The structures and materials of the electrodes and diaphragms can be implemented in any existing manner, and this embodiment does not impose any special limitation thereto.

[0071] When the pole core is used in a specific battery product, the pole core is encapsulated in a packaging shell, which is also filled with packaging liquid. The packaging liquid and the pole core are sealed into the packaging shell using a packaging cover to form a battery product.

[0072] Reference Figure 1 The test electrode 10 extends from the interior of the core body 1 to the exterior of the core body 1. The test electrode 10 has a first end 101 located within the core body and a second end 102 located outside the core body. The first end 101 of the test electrode 10 is disposed on a target electrode 201 among the multiple electrode pieces 20 and is electrically insulated from the target electrode 201 to ensure that the test electrode 10 does not interfere with the inherent functions and normal use of the core 1. The second end 102 is used to receive an external thermal trigger voltage.

[0073] When the pole core is used to trigger thermal runaway, a thermal runaway voltage is provided to the second end 102, and the thermal runaway voltage is applied to the target pole piece 201 through the test electrode 10, triggering the pole core 1 to undergo thermal runaway. Since the structure of the pole core 1 itself has not changed, when the test electrode 10 is used to trigger thermal runaway, it is closer to the real internal short thermal runaway mode of the pole core 1. Moreover, when the pole core 1 is used to simulate the pole core thermal runaway, the thermal runaway voltage provided to the second end 102 can be stably controlled according to the external voltage source. Therefore, by using the pole core 1, this embodiment can provide a stable and controllable method close to the real internal short thermal runaway to evaluate the safety performance of the battery including the above-mentioned pole core.

[0074] Optionally, the electrode core may include two test electrodes, or more than two test electrodes. When performing a thermal trigger test using the electrode core, the second ends of the two test electrodes are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of an external test power supply to receive an external thermal trigger voltage. Alternatively, when performing a thermal trigger test using the electrode core, the second ends of any two of the two or more test electrodes are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of an external test power supply to receive an external thermal trigger voltage.

[0075] The second end of the test electrode is introduced above. The following will describe the arrangement of the first end of the test electrode on the electrode piece.

[0076] It is worth noting that the following describes the arrangement of the first end of the test electrode using different examples when the electrode core includes two test electrodes.

[0077] For an alternative example, refer to Figure 2-Figure 4The two test electrodes may be a first test electrode 11 and a second test electrode 12. The first end 111 of the first test electrode 11 and the first end 121 of the second test electrode 12 are both disposed on the target electrode 201.

[0078] The first end 111 of the first test electrode 11 and the first end 121 of the second test electrode 12 are both set on the target pole piece 201, and a thermal trigger voltage is provided to the pole core based on the second end of the first test electrode 11 and the second end of the second test electrode 12 to trigger thermal runaway. This can be used to evaluate the stability and safety of the pole core under extreme conditions. The setting method is simple and easy, and can provide support for quality control and safety assessment in the pole core manufacturing process.

[0079] Reference Figure 2-Figure 4 In this embodiment, the distance between the first end 111 of the first test electrode 11 and the first end 121 of the second test electrode 12 should meet the thermal runaway requirements so that the pole core can undergo thermal runaway when a thermal trigger voltage is applied to the first test electrode 11 and the second test electrode 12.

[0080] Optionally, the distance between the first end 111 of the first test electrode 11 and the first end 121 of the second test electrode 12 is within a thermal runaway distance range.

[0081] It should be understood that the thermal runaway distance should not be set too wide to avoid excessively long thermal runaway triggering times, which would waste electricity. The thermal runaway distance should also not be set too short to avoid excessively short triggering times, which would make the system difficult to control. Based on this, the thermal runaway distance set in this embodiment can both avoid excessively long triggering times, which would waste electricity, and avoid excessively short triggering times, which would make the system difficult to control.

[0082] Based on the above principles, in this embodiment, the thermal runaway distance range can be set to, for example, 1 mm to 3 mm. Within this thermal runaway distance range, the triggering of the core thermal runaway can be ensured, and the thermal runaway time can be controlled within a reasonable range.

[0083] Exemplarily, the thermal runaway distance is 1 mm.

[0084] Exemplarily, the thermal runaway distance is 2 mm.

[0085] Exemplarily, the thermal runaway distance is 3 mm.

[0086] In another optional embodiment, refer to Figure 5-Figure 7The two test electrodes include a first test electrode 11 and a second test electrode 12; the target electrode includes a first electrode 202 and a second electrode 203 among a plurality of electrode pieces; the first end of the first test electrode 11 is set on the first electrode 202, and the first end of the second test electrode 12 is set on the second electrode 203.

[0087] Reference Figure 5-Figure 7 The first end of the first test electrode 11 is disposed on the first electrode piece 202, and the first end of the second test electrode 12 is disposed on the second electrode piece 203. A thermal trigger voltage is provided to the electrode core based on the second end of the first test electrode 11 and the second end of the second test electrode 12 to trigger thermal runaway. It should be understood that by disposing test electrodes on different electrode pieces, a more comprehensive assessment of the electrochemical performance and thermal stability of the electrode core can be performed, thereby achieving more accurate electrochemical performance testing and thermal stability assessment, and thus providing strong support for quality control and safety assessment during the electrode core manufacturing process.

[0088] Reference Figure 5-Figure 7 Optionally, the first end of the first test electrode 11 is arranged opposite to the first end of the second test electrode 12, and the number of pole pieces spaced between the first pole piece 202 and the second pole piece 203 is within a preset value range.

[0089] Reference Figure 5-Figure 7 The first end of the first test electrode 11 is arranged opposite to the first end of the second test electrode 12, which can provide more effective triggering energy to the pole core, so as to trigger the pole core to thermal runaway in a shorter time.

[0090] Reference Figure 5-Figure 7 The number of pole pieces spaced between the first pole piece 202 and the second pole piece 203 is within a preset value range, which is used to more quickly trigger thermal runaway of the pole core on the basis of obtaining accurate battery electrochemical performance data, thereby avoiding unnecessary waste of electrical energy.

[0091] It should be understood that the number of pole pieces in this interval should be sufficient to ensure that the pole core can experience thermal runaway when a thermal trigger voltage is applied to the first and second test electrodes. It should also be understood that the number of pole pieces in this interval should not be set too large, so as to avoid excessively long thermal runaway triggering times. It should also not be set too small, so as to avoid excessively short thermal runaway triggering times, which could lead to uncontrollable situations.

[0092] Based on the above principles, in this embodiment, the preset value range can be set to, for example, 0 to 5. Within this preset value range, the triggering of the core thermal runaway can be guaranteed, and the time of thermal runaway can be controlled within a reasonable range.

[0093] Exemplarily, the preset value range is 0.

[0094] Exemplarily, the preset value range is 2.

[0095] Exemplarily, the preset value range is 5.

[0096] In this embodiment, to more accurately simulate actual thermal runaway conditions in the core, the first ends of multiple test electrodes are positioned at target locations on a target electrode among the multiple electrode pieces. The target location is determined based on a desired thermal trigger position in the core. The desired thermal trigger position in the core can be the location where thermal runaway actually occurs in the core.

[0097] Based on this, this embodiment can simulate the actual situation when the pole core actually experiences thermal runaway based on the pole core, so as to achieve a more accurate thermal stability assessment of the pole core, provide support for quality control and safety assessment during the pole core manufacturing process, and thus guide subsequent production process adjustments.

[0098] The above embodiments describe in detail the number and arrangement of the test electrodes in the electrode core, and the following embodiments describe the material and structure of the test electrodes.

[0099] It should be understood that the material selection of the test electrode may affect the performance of the test electrode and the accuracy of the test results. Therefore, it is necessary to select a material with good electrical conductivity and thermal stability.

[0100] Optionally, the test electrode is made of copper, nickel or tungsten.

[0101] In this embodiment, copper has the advantages of good conductivity, thermal stability, and low cost; nickel has the advantages of good conductivity, thermal stability, and corrosion resistance; and tungsten has the advantages of good conductivity, high melting point, and excellent thermal stability. Therefore, this embodiment uses copper, nickel, or tungsten as the material for the test electrodes to ensure the performance of the test electrodes, the accuracy of the test results, and safety.

[0102] In this embodiment, the shape of the test electrode can be any shape as long as it can transmit the external thermal trigger voltage to the electrode core, and this embodiment does not impose any special limitation on this.

[0103] Optionally, the shape of the test electrode in this embodiment can be a metal sheet, a metal wire or a metal coil.

[0104] Among them, reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 , shows the case where the test electrodes (11 and 12) are in the shape of metal wires, which have high flexibility and are suitable for tests requiring precise positioning; Figure 3 and Figure 6, shows the case where the test electrodes (11 and 12) are in the shape of metal coils, which have a large conductive path and are suitable for tests requiring high conductivity; Figure 4 and Figure 7 , shows the case where the test electrodes (11 and 12) are in the shape of metal sheets, which have a large contact area and are suitable for tests requiring large-area contact.

[0105] Based on this, the test electrode in this embodiment can adapt to different testing needs, so that users can choose the shape of the test electrode according to actual needs, providing strong support for quality control and safety assessment during the core manufacturing process.

[0106] It should be understood that in order to ensure the inherent function and normal use of the pole core, this application electrically insulates the first end of the test electrode from the target pole piece. The following embodiments are used to illustrate how the first end of the test electrode is electrically insulated from the target pole piece.

[0107] Optionally, this embodiment provides two different ways of electrically insulating the first end of the test electrode from the target electrode.

[0108] The first way, refer to Figure 8 The first end of the first test electrode 11 is provided with a first electrical insulation layer 103 and the first end of the second test electrode 12 is provided with a first electrical insulation 103. The first electrical insulation layer can electrically insulate the first test electrode 11 and the second test electrode 12 from a target electrode 201.

[0109] Based on this, the electrical insulation between the first electrically insulating layer and the target electrode can prevent the test electrode from directly contacting the target electrode, thereby avoiding unnecessary electrochemical reactions or short circuits.

[0110] Furthermore, the first method only requires setting a first electrical insulation layer on the test electrode, and the manufacturing process is relatively simple and flexible. In addition, the first electrical insulation layer can protect the test electrode and prevent it from being damaged during the operation of assembling the pole core.

[0111] The second method, refer to Figure 2-Figure 7 as well as Figure 9 A second electrically insulating layer 204 is provided on the contact area between a target electrode 201, a first electrode 202 or a second electrode 203 and the first end 111 of the first test electrode 11 and the first end 121 of the second test electrode 12. The first end 111 of the first test electrode 11 and the first end 121 of the second test electrode 12 are electrically insulated from the target electrode 201, the first electrode 202 or the second electrode 203 by the second electrically insulating layer 204.

[0112] Based on this, since the second electrically insulating layer 204 is arranged between the test electrode (11 and 12) and a target electrode 201, a first electrode 202 or a second electrode 203, it can not only electrically insulate the test electrode (11 and 12) from a target electrode 201, a first electrode 202 or a second electrode 203, but also prevent the test electrode (11 and 12) from directly contacting a target electrode 201, a first electrode 202 or a second electrode 203, thereby avoiding unnecessary electrochemical reactions or short circuits.

[0113] Furthermore, the second method of directly disposing the second electrically insulating layer 204 on a target electrode 201 , the first electrode 202 or the second electrode 203 can provide a more stable insulation effect and better thermal management performance.

[0114] Based on the above description, if greater flexibility and simplified manufacturing are desired, a first electrically insulating layer can be placed on the first end of the test electrode. If more stable insulation and improved thermal management are desired, a second electrically insulating layer can be placed on the contact area between the target electrode and the test electrode. The specific choice should be made based on practical application priorities and technical requirements.

[0115] It should be understood that in order to further ensure the electrical insulation between the test electrode and the target electrode, the first method and the second method can be used to respectively set a first electrical insulation layer at the first end of the test electrode and a second electrical insulation layer on the contact area between the target electrode and the test electrode.

[0116] In this embodiment, the following optional solutions are provided for the materials of the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer.

[0117] The first electrical insulating layer and the second insulating layer can be made of polypropylene, polyethylene or polyimide.

[0118] It should be understood that in the pole core, choosing the right insulation material is crucial to ensuring the functionality and reliability of the pole core. Polypropylene, polyethylene and polyimide are commonly used insulation materials with excellent performance.

[0119] Among them, polypropylene has good electrical insulation properties and can effectively prevent electrical contact between electrodes and pole pieces. Polypropylene also has good mechanical strength and toughness, and can provide reliable physical protection for pole pieces or test electrodes during the preparation of pole cores. Polypropylene also has good tolerance to a variety of chemical substances involved in the pole core and can remain stable during the use of the pole core.

[0120] Polyethylene has high electrical insulation properties, effectively preventing electrical contact between electrodes and pole pieces. Polyethylene also offers the advantage of flexibility, adapting to electrodes and pole pieces of varying shapes and sizes. Furthermore, polyethylene exhibits excellent resistance to moisture and chemicals, making it suitable for use in a variety of environmental conditions. Finally, polyethylene's low material cost makes it suitable for large-scale production and application.

[0121] Polyimide has excellent high-temperature stability, maintaining its insulation and mechanical strength even under high-temperature conditions. It also exhibits good tolerance to a variety of chemicals in the electrode core, allowing its use within the core. Furthermore, polyimide possesses high mechanical strength and toughness, maintaining stability during the use of the electrode core and providing reliable physical protection for the test electrodes. Finally, polyimide also exhibits excellent electrical insulation properties, effectively preventing electrical contact between the electrode and the electrode piece.

[0122] Based on the above description, it can be seen that choosing polypropylene, polyethylene, or polyimide as the material for the first and second electrical insulation layers can provide excellent electrical insulation properties, thermal stability, chemical resistance, and mechanical strength. The versatility and cost-effectiveness of these materials make them ideal for insulation layers, effectively improving the accuracy and reliability of core thermal runaway simulations.

[0123] In this embodiment, the following optional solutions are provided for the thickness of the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer:

[0124] In the above method, the thickness of the first electrically insulating layer and the second electrically insulating layer are within a predetermined thickness range.

[0125] The first electrical insulation layer and the second electrical insulation layer within the preset thickness range can ensure sufficient electrical insulation performance, prevent electrical contact between the test electrode and the pole piece, avoid unnecessary electrochemical reactions or short circuits, and ensure consistent insulation effects between each test electrode and pole piece, thereby improving the reliability of thermal runaway results.

[0126] Furthermore, the first electrical insulating layer and the second electrical insulating layer are made of materials such as polypropylene, polyethylene and polyimide, and are controlled within a preset thickness range, which can provide good thermal stability and adapt to the working environment of the pole core under high temperature conditions.

[0127] Finally, the first and second electrically insulating layers, within a predetermined thickness range, provide sufficient mechanical strength and toughness to protect the test electrodes and electrode pieces from damage during assembly of the electrode core. Furthermore, the insulating layers within the predetermined thickness range improve wear resistance, extending the service life of the test electrodes and electrode pieces and reducing replacement frequency.

[0128] Based on the above description, the preset thickness range can be, for example, 10 μm to 50 μm. Within this preset thickness range, the first and second electrically insulating layers not only have sufficient mechanical strength and toughness to protect the test electrodes and pole pieces from damage during pole core assembly, but also improve the wear resistance of the first and second electrically insulating layers, extending the service life of the test electrodes and pole pieces and reducing replacement frequency.

[0129] Exemplarily, the preset thickness range is 10 μm.

[0130] Exemplarily, the preset thickness range is 30 μm.

[0131] Exemplarily, the preset thickness range is 50 μm.

[0132] This application describes the structure of the pole core in detail through the above embodiments. The following describes the preparation process of the pole core in the form of specific examples:

[0133] Step 1: Prepare the test electrodes. The test electrodes can be made of high-melting-point metals, including but not limited to copper, nickel, and tungsten. The electrodes can be made of metal sheets, metal wires, or metal coils.

[0134] The second step is to embed the test electrodes: Place at least two test electrodes on one or at least two layers of the core. Adjust the position of the test electrodes on the core based on the location required to trigger thermal runaway. Due to differences in core types, different test electrode lead-out methods should be used. The length should be adjusted appropriately based on the desired thermal trigger location in the core. The portion that enters the core should be wrapped with an insulating layer to insulate the test electrodes from the negative electrode.

[0135] Figure 2-Figure 7 Different electrode structures and electrode arrangements are given respectively, and two high-melting-point metal wires (or metal coils, metal sheets) are arranged on the positive electrode sheet or the negative electrode sheet of the electrode core. The two high-melting-point metal wires (or metal coils, metal sheets) can be located on the same layer of electrode sheet or on different layers of electrode sheets. The area in contact with the electrode sheet is insulated, and only the metal part exposed to the electrode core is left bare.

[0136] Based on the above steps, this embodiment can obtain a pole core having a test electrode structure.

[0137] Secondly, refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11, an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery, comprising at least one set of test poles 2, an encapsulating shell 3, and at least one pole core 1 as described in any one of the first aspects. The pole core 1 is arranged inside the encapsulating shell 3, and at least one set of test poles 2 extends from the inside of the encapsulating shell 32 to the outside of the encapsulating shell 32, and is electrically insulated from the encapsulating shell 32. At least one target test pole in the at least one set of test poles 2 is located in the portion inside the encapsulating shell 3, and is connected to the second end of at least one test electrode (11 and / or 12) in the at least one pole core 1. At least one set of test poles 2 is used to receive an external thermal trigger voltage.

[0138] This embodiment includes at least one group of test poles. Inside the packaging shell, each test pole in the at least one group of test poles is located inside the packaging shell and is correspondingly connected to the second end of the corresponding test electrode in the corresponding pole core. Outside the packaging shell, the test poles in the at least one group of test poles are used to receive an external thermal trigger voltage to trigger thermal runaway of the battery.

[0139] When the battery in this embodiment is used to trigger thermal runaway, the external thermal trigger voltage is transmitted to the interior of the core through the test electrode, triggering the battery to thermal runaway. Since the structure and inherent functions of the battery itself have not changed, when the test electrode is used to trigger thermal runaway, it is closer to the actual internal short thermal runaway mode of the battery. Moreover, when the battery is used to simulate core thermal runaway, the thermal runaway voltage provided to the test electrode can be stably controlled according to the external voltage source. Therefore, using this battery can provide a stable and controllable method that is close to the actual internal short thermal runaway to evaluate the safety performance of the battery.

[0140] It should be understood that by using this battery to simulate thermal runaway, potential safety hazards in battery design can be discovered and improved, thereby optimizing the battery structure and material selection, improving the overall performance and safety of the battery. The optimized battery can meet the requirements of relevant safety regulations and standards, and ensure market access for battery products.

[0141] Optional, see Figure 10 and Figure 11 The battery in this embodiment further includes a set of working electrodes, which extend from the interior of the enclosure 3 to the exterior of the enclosure 3 and are electrically insulated from the enclosure 3. The portion of the working electrodes located within the enclosure 3 is connected to the electrode core 1. This set of working electrodes is used to provide electrical energy to the outside during battery operation.

[0142] The set of working electrodes includes a positive electrode 41 and a negative electrode 42. When the battery is used to provide external power, the positive electrode 41 and the negative electrode 42 can be connected to an external source. It should be understood that the external source can include any structure, device, equipment, or system requiring power supply, and this embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0143] In one example, referring to Figure 10 and Figure 11 In the embodiment of the present application, two test poles (21 and 22) in a group of test poles 2 in the battery can be used as the first target test pole and the second target test pole, and the first target test pole and the second target test pole are connected to the second ends of the two test electrodes in at least one battery cell 1 in a one-to-one correspondence. Figure 10 The two test electrodes in the battery are arranged on different layers of pole pieces (202 or 203). Figure 11 The two test electrodes in the battery are arranged on the same layer of pole pieces (202 and 203), and a diaphragm 205 is also arranged between the two layers of pole pieces (202 and 203).

[0144] In another example, referring to Figure 10 and Figure 11 In an embodiment of the present application, one test pole (21 or 22) in at least one group of test poles can be set as a first target test pole, and one working pole (41 or 42) in a group of working poles can be set as a second target test pole, wherein the portion of one of the first target test pole and the second target test pole located inside the packaging shell is connected to the second end of the test electrode in at least one pole core, and the portion of the other target test pole located inside the packaging shell is not connected to the test electrode in the pole core and can also be used for other purposes.

[0145] It is worth noting that Figure 10 and Figure 11 The example only illustrates a battery including a set of test posts and a core, with the core containing two test electrodes and correspondingly two test posts. However, in practice, the battery may include at least two cores and at least two sets of test posts, as described in the first aspect. The number of cores may correspond to the number of test post groups. Each core may also include multiple test electrodes, and accordingly, each set of test posts may also include multiple test posts.

[0146] The battery can be any existing battery having the above structure, and is not particularly limited in this embodiment. For example, the battery can be a soft pack battery, a blade battery, a square aluminum shell battery, or a cylindrical battery.

[0147] The above-mentioned packaging shell is the external packaging of the battery, which is used to protect the internal components and provide structural support. The test pole is the conductive component of the battery, which is used to connect the internal circuit and external circuit of the battery, and is electrically insulated from the packaging shell to prevent battery leakage and short circuit.

[0148] The packaging shell is usually made of insulating materials such as plastic or composite materials, but in some cases metal materials may also be used and an insulating layer may be added in key areas. The part of the packaging shell through which the test pole passes must also have good sealing to prevent electrolyte leakage or external contaminants from entering.

[0149] The test pole can be made of a material with good conductivity, such as copper or aluminum, to ensure effective current conduction. A layer of insulating material, such as ceramic, plastic, or other high-insulation material, is added to the surface of the test pole or the area where the test pole contacts the enclosure to provide electrical insulation from the enclosure.

[0150] In this embodiment, the battery described in the first aspect may have one or at least two pole cores, depending on the specific requirements and not specifically limited in this embodiment. The following describes, using specific embodiments, the connection between the pole core and the test pole when the battery includes one pole core and the connection between the pole core and the test pole when the battery includes at least two pole cores.

[0151] In an optional embodiment, when the battery includes a single pole core, the battery includes a set of test poles, the set of test poles including at least two test poles. Inside the enclosure, the at least two test poles are correspondingly connected to the second end of at least one test electrode in the pole core. Outside the enclosure, any two of the at least one test poles are configured to receive an external thermal trigger voltage. It should be understood that the remaining test poles can be used for other tests to enrich the battery's functionality, and can also serve as backup target test poles if the current target test pole fails.

[0152] Based on this, a thermal trigger voltage can be applied to the target test pole through an external voltage source outside the packaging shell to cause thermal runaway of the battery, thereby simulating the actual situation of thermal runaway of the battery, thereby providing support for evaluating the safety performance of the battery.

[0153] In another optional embodiment, when the battery includes at least two pole cores, the battery includes at least two groups of test poles, each group of test poles includes at least two test poles, and inside the packaging shell, at least one test pole in each group of test poles is connected to the second end of the corresponding test electrode in the corresponding pole core, and outside the packaging shell, the target test pole is used to receive an external thermal trigger voltage; wherein, the target test poles can be any two test poles in the same group of test poles, or the target test pole can be any one test pole in the same group of test poles and any one working pole in the above-mentioned group of working poles.

[0154] It should be understood that when a group of test poles includes two test poles, both test poles can be target test poles, or one of them can be the target test pole. When a group of test poles includes more than two test poles, one or two test poles in the group of test poles can be the target test poles.

[0155] Based on this, when triggering thermal runaway in a battery, this embodiment can select one or two test poles in any group of test poles to receive the thermal trigger voltage. When one test pole in any group of test poles is selected to receive the thermal trigger voltage, one working pole in the aforementioned group of working poles can also be selected to receive the thermal trigger voltage. This expands the selectability of target test poles. When a test pole in a group of test poles fails electrically, other test poles in the group can be used as target test poles to ensure that thermal runaway of the battery can be effectively triggered.

[0156] In this embodiment, when triggering thermal runaway of the battery, when one or more test poles in a group of test poles fail, any two test poles or any one test pole in other groups of test poles can be selected to receive the thermal trigger voltage, thereby providing multiple possibilities for receiving the thermal trigger voltage and further ensuring the effectiveness of triggering thermal runaway.

[0157] Thirdly, refer to Figure 12 An embodiment of the present application also provides a battery thermal runaway triggering device, comprising a test power supply, a switch module, a control module (not shown), and the battery in the second aspect; the positive and negative poles of the test power supply are respectively connected to the first target test pole 21 and the second target test pole 22 in the battery 4 in the second aspect to form a test loop, the switch module is arranged in the test loop, and the control module is communicatively connected to the test power supply and the switch module.

[0158] The control module is used to determine the thermal runaway voltage based on the battery type, control the switch module to close, and control the test power supply to provide the thermal runaway voltage to the two target test poles to trigger thermal runaway in the battery. The battery type can be input by the user or obtained from battery parameters.

[0159] In this embodiment, the test power supply should be able to provide sufficient voltage and current to trigger the thermal runaway reaction of the battery. For example, the power supply has a range of 0V-1000V.

[0160] The switch module is set in the test circuit to control the current between the test power supply and the target test pole. The switch module can be a mechanical switch, a relay or an electronic switch (such as a MOSFET).

[0161] It should be understood that different types of batteries may require different thermal runaway voltages. The control module may determine an appropriate thermal runaway voltage according to the type of battery to trigger thermal runaway of the battery.

[0162] The control module is also used to control the closing of the switch module, so that the test power supply and the two target test poles form a complete test circuit. Furthermore, when the switch module is closed, the test power supply is controlled to provide a thermal runaway voltage to the two target test poles. This thermal runaway voltage is transmitted through the test poles to the battery interior, triggering a thermal runaway reaction in the battery.

[0163] The thermal runaway voltage ranges from 80V to 120V, and under the thermal runaway voltage, the currents in the first target test pole and the second target test pole range from 10A to 30A.

[0164] Among them, the thermal runaway voltage within the thermal runaway voltage range can be used to trigger thermal runaway of various types of batteries, that is, within the thermal runaway voltage range, thermal runaway reactions of different types of batteries can be effectively triggered.

[0165] Based on this thermal runaway voltage range, the two target test poles and the current inside the battery can ensure that the reaction inside the battery is sufficient to trigger thermal runaway.

[0166] Based on the above description, the device in this embodiment provides an accurate thermal runaway voltage to the battery according to the type of battery, and can be applied to different types of batteries to ensure the effectiveness of thermal runaway triggering of various types of batteries, thereby enabling safety testing and research on different types of batteries.

[0167] In some examples, reference Figure 13 The device may further include a data acquisition module, which is connected to the positive electrode column 41 and the negative electrode column 42 of the above-mentioned battery 4 and is in communication connection with the above-mentioned control module.

[0168] The data acquisition module is used to collect the current voltage of the battery and / or the current temperature of the battery.

[0169] The control module is further configured to control the switch module to disconnect the test circuit when the current voltage and / or the current temperature indicate that the battery has thermal runaway.

[0170] Based on this device, before applying a thermal runaway voltage to two target test poles, a data acquisition module is connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery, and a switch module is controlled by a control module to apply a thermal runaway voltage to the two target test poles through a power supply. The data acquisition module is used to monitor the current voltage and current temperature of the battery in real time, and the current voltage and / or current temperature of the battery are sent to the control module, which is used to determine whether the battery has thermal runaway.

[0171] Determining whether thermal runaway occurs in the battery by using the control module may include: determining whether a current voltage of the battery meets a thermal runaway voltage and / or whether a current temperature meets a thermal runaway temperature by using the control module, so as to determine whether thermal runaway occurs in the battery.

[0172] The thermal runaway voltage and temperature can refer to the national standard for thermal runaway voltage and temperature. In the national standard, the thermal runaway voltage can be less than 75% of the battery voltage, and the thermal runaway temperature can be greater than the maximum operating temperature of the battery.

[0173] Based on this, the control module can be used to determine whether the battery has thermal runaway. In the event of thermal runaway, the control module controls the switch module to disconnect the test circuit to ensure the safety of the thermal runaway triggering process.

[0174] Fourthly, refer to Figure 14 , an embodiment of the present application also provides a battery thermal runaway triggering method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0175] S401 , providing a battery, including a first target test pole and a second target test pole.

[0176] S402: Connect one end of the test power supply to the first target test pole, and connect the other end of the test power supply to the second target test pole to form a test loop.

[0177] S403 , closing the test loop to supply power to the battery through the test power supply, thereby triggering thermal runaway of the battery.

[0178] The following describes, by way of example, the process of triggering thermal runaway of a battery using the method of this embodiment and the analysis of the results after triggering thermal runaway of the battery:

[0179] Before that, let's first introduce the currently used thermal runaway triggering methods:

[0180] The most commonly used thermal runaway triggering method currently used is the needle puncture triggering method, but the needle puncture conditions in the needle puncture method are harsh, the degree of thermal runaway is high, and the heat generated is much greater than the heat generated by the thermal runaway of the battery with a built-in short circuit of foreign objects. The highest temperature during the needle puncture thermal runaway has an average of 594.66°C, which is much higher than the highest temperature of the short thermal runaway in the core; the range of the highest temperature of the needle puncture thermal runaway is 96.3°C, the standard deviation is 25.33, and the coefficient of variation is 0.0426. The consistency of the highest temperature needs to be improved. After the runaway, the hazard level determined by EUCAR (European Council for Automotive R&D) is 4, and the consistency is 5 / 11*100%=45.45%. The consistency of the level of the runaway phenomenon needs to be improved.

[0181] Before triggering thermal runaway in this embodiment, a test power supply is first connected, and a suitable range is selected for the test power supply. Both ends of the test power supply are connected to the lead-out terminals of the two target test poles respectively.

[0182] Trigger thermal runaway: Set the appropriate voltage, current, and time recording interval, then use the test power supply to provide the test voltage to the two target test poles.

[0183] The thermal runaway triggering method provided in this embodiment is applicable to soft-pack batteries, blade batteries, square aluminum shell batteries, cylindrical batteries, etc.

[0184] Example 1: A soft-pack battery structure is adopted, and the positive electrode material is lithium iron phosphate. The test electrode is a nickel sheet with a width of 5mm and a thickness of 0.08mm, and the test electrode is arranged in the center of the large surface of the battery. The test power supply voltage is set to 100V, and the limiting current is set to 20A. After closing the test power supply, the battery voltage rises briefly and then quickly drops to 0V, and the temperature of the battery surface rises quickly to above 400°C. The battery began to smoke and thermal runaway occurred. After the experiment, the heat generation of the pole core accounted for 61.34% of the electrical energy, and the average value of the heat generation of the pole core repeated three times was 61.02% of the electrical energy, indicating that the consistency of this embodiment is better. And compared with thermal runaway triggering methods such as acupuncture and heating, it is closer to the heat generation of foreign matter (55.09%).

[0185] Example 2: The pouch cell structure was modified to a blade cell structure, with the remaining experimental procedures identical to Example 1. This example also reliably triggered thermal runaway. The average heat generation to electrical energy ratio of the battery core was 61.13%, much closer to the heat generation to electrical energy ratio of a foreign object short (56.12%).

[0186] Example 3: The above-mentioned soft-pack battery structure is changed to a cylindrical structure. Other experimental methods are the same as Example 1. The device of this embodiment can also stably trigger the battery to undergo thermal runaway.

[0187] Example 4: The aforementioned cathode material was replaced with a ternary material, resulting in a soft-pack battery. The test power supply voltage was set to 80V, and the current limit was set to 10A. The remaining experimental procedures were the same as in Example 1. The thermal runaway triggering device in this embodiment also reliably triggered thermal runaway in this battery.

[0188] Example 5: The aforementioned cathode material was replaced with a ternary material, resulting in a prismatic battery structure. The test power supply voltage was set to 80V, and the current limit was set to 10A. The remaining experimental procedures were the same as in Example 1. The thermal runaway triggering device in this embodiment also reliably triggered thermal runaway in this battery.

[0189] Example 6: The aforementioned cathode material was replaced with a ternary material, and the battery structure was a cylindrical battery. The test power supply voltage was set to 80V, and the current limit was set to 10A. The rest of the experimental procedures were the same as in Example 1. The thermal runaway triggering method in this example also reliably triggered thermal runaway in this battery.

[0190] Table 1 Comparison of different thermal runaway triggering modes

[0191]

[0192]

[0193] It should be understood that the closer the heat generation triggering thermal runaway is to the heat generation of an actual short circuit, the closer the two thermal runaway events are, and this triggering method provides a more accurate assessment of the safety performance of the battery and the cell. A foreign object short circuit is one of the most common true short circuit events. Table 1 compares the heat generation of different thermal runaway triggering methods. The results show that the thermal runaway triggering method provided in this embodiment has the advantages of low input energy and a heat generation close to the heat generation of an actual short circuit. Furthermore, the thermal runaway triggering method provided in this embodiment has the advantages of good consistency and does not affect the assembly of the battery cell.

[0194] It should be further understood that the result of thermal runaway triggered by the thermal runaway triggering device provided in this embodiment is close to the actual internal short thermal runaway, so the safety performance evaluation is more accurate, and the safety protection thus performed is also more accurate.

[0195] Based on the above description, it can be seen that the feasibility of the thermal runaway triggering method of this embodiment has been fully verified, and the universality of the method has been confirmed in different types of batteries.

[0196] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A pole core, characterized in that: Used for thermal runaway triggering testing of a battery, the pole core comprises a pole core body (1) and at least two test electrodes (10); the pole core body (1) has a plurality of pole pieces (20) spaced apart from each other inside; The test electrode (10) has a first end (101) and a second end (102), wherein the first end (101) is arranged on a target electrode (201) among a plurality of electrode pieces (20) and is electrically insulated from the target electrode (201), and the second end (102) is located outside the electrode core body (1) and is used to receive a thermal trigger voltage.

2. The pole core according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least two test electrodes (10) include a first test electrode (11) and a second test electrode (12); The first end (111) of the first test electrode (11) and the first end (121) of the second test electrode (12) are both arranged on the same target electrode (201).

3. The pole core according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the first end (111) of the first test electrode (11) and the first end (121) of the second test electrode (12) is within a thermal runaway distance range.

4. The pole core according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thermal runaway distance range is 1 mm to 3 mm.

5. The pole core according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least two test electrodes (10) include a first test electrode (11) and a second test electrode (12); the target electrode includes a first electrode (202) and a second electrode (203) among the plurality of electrode pieces; The first end of the first test electrode (101) is arranged on the first pole piece (202), and the first end of the second test electrode (102) is arranged on the second pole piece (203).

6. The pole core according to claim 5, characterized in that: The position of the first end of the first test electrode (11) on the first pole piece (202) is corresponding to the position of the first end of the second test electrode (12) on the second pole piece (203), and the number of pole pieces spaced between the first pole piece (202) and the second pole piece (203) is within a preset value range.

7. The pole core according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preset value range is 0-5.

8. The pole core according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The first end of the test electrode (10) is provided with a first electrical insulation layer (103), and the first end of the test electrode (10) is electrically insulated from the target electrode (201) through the first electrical insulation layer (103); Alternatively, a second electrical insulation layer (204) is provided on a contact area between the target electrode (201) and the first end of the test electrode (10), and the first end of the test electrode (10) is electrically insulated from the target electrode via the second electrical insulation layer (204).

9. The pole core according to claim 8, characterized in that: The material of the first electrical insulation layer (101) or the second electrical insulation layer (204) includes polypropylene, polyethylene or polyimide.

10. The pole core according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the first electrically insulating layer (101) or the second electrically insulating layer (204) is within a preset thickness range.

11. The pole core according to claim 10, characterized in that: The preset thickness range is 10 μm-50 μm.

12. The pole core according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The material of the test electrode (10) includes copper, nickel or tungsten; And / or, the shape of the test electrode (10) includes a metal sheet, a metal wire or a metal coil.

13. A battery, characterized in that: Comprising at least one set of test poles (2), an encapsulating shell (3) and at least one pole core (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12; The pole core (1) is arranged inside the packaging shell (3), and the at least one group of test poles (2) extends from the inside of the packaging shell (3) to the outside of the packaging shell (3) and is electrically insulated from the packaging shell (3); The portion of at least one target test pole in the at least one group of test poles (2) located inside the encapsulating shell (3) is connected to the second end of at least one test electrode in the at least one pole core (1); The at least one group of test poles (2) is used for receiving an external thermal trigger voltage.

14. The battery according to claim 13, characterized in that The battery further comprises a group of working poles, the group of working poles extending from the inside of the packaging shell (3) to the outside of the packaging shell (3) and being electrically insulated from the packaging shell (3); The group of working poles is located inside the encapsulating shell (3) and is connected to the pole core (1); The group of working poles is used to provide electrical energy to the outside when the battery is working.

15. The battery according to claim 14, characterized in that One test pole in the at least one group of test poles (2) is a first target test pole, and one working pole in the group of working poles is a second target test pole; A portion of one of the first target test pole and the second target test pole located inside the encapsulating shell (3) is connected to the second end of the test electrode in the at least one pole core (1); Or, two test poles in the at least one group of test poles (2) are a first target test pole and a second target test pole; The parts of the first target test pole and the second target test pole located inside the encapsulating shell (3) are connected to the second ends of the two test electrodes in the at least one pole core (1) in a one-to-one correspondence.

16. A thermal runaway triggering device, characterized in that: The device comprises a test power supply, a switch module, a control module, and the battery according to any one of claims 13 to 15; the positive and negative electrodes of the test power supply are respectively connected to a first target test electrode and a second target test electrode in the battery to form a test loop, the switch module is arranged in the test loop, and the control module is communicatively connected to the test power supply and the switch module; The control module is used to determine the thermal runaway voltage according to the type of the battery, control the switch module to close, and control the test power supply to provide the thermal runaway voltage to the two target test poles to trigger thermal runaway of the battery.

17. The thermal runaway triggering device according to claim 16, characterized in that: It also includes a data acquisition module, which is connected to a group of working poles of the battery and is in communication with the control module; wherein the group of working poles includes a positive pole and a negative pole; The data acquisition module is used to: acquire the current voltage of the battery and / or the current temperature of the battery; The control module is further configured to: when the current voltage and / or the current temperature indicates that thermal runaway occurs in the battery, control the switch module to disconnect so as to disconnect the test circuit.

18. The thermal runaway triggering device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The thermal runaway voltage ranges from 80V to 120V, and under the thermal runaway voltage, the currents in the first target test pole and the second target test pole range from 10A to 30A.

19. A battery thermal runaway triggering method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Providing a battery including a first target test post and a second target test post; Connecting one end of a test power supply to the first target test pole, and connecting the other end of the test power supply to the second target test pole to form a test loop; The test loop is closed to provide electrical energy to the battery through the test power supply, thereby triggering thermal runaway of the battery.

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