Power supply circuit and energy storage system

Abstract

The invention provides a power supply circuit and an energy storage system. The power supply circuit comprises a bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; the first power supply comprises a plurality of single battery cells; the second power supply is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; the first voltage detection module is connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit and is used for detecting a first voltage value of the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; the second voltage detection module is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit and is used for detecting a second voltage value of the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; and the current detection module is connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit and is used for detecting a first current value of the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit. According to the power supply circuit, the magnitude of voltage and current can be detected in real time when active voltage equalization is carried out on the single battery cells, and faults of the power supply circuit are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage systems, and in particular to a power supply circuit and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] In related technologies, inconsistent voltages of a single or multiple cells in a battery pack result in a significant drop in the battery capacity of the entire battery pack. To address this situation, it is usually necessary to transfer the excess power of the cells with more power to the cells with less power, or to transfer it to the entire battery string, or to charge the cells with less power separately through the total battery voltage to achieve energy transfer and balance the cell voltages.

[0003] Specifically, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the related art, a switch matrix and a bidirectional power supply circuit are usually used to achieve active voltage balancing of each battery cell. Among them, the switch matrix includes multiple switch elements, and the multiple switch elements are connected to the multiple battery cells in a one-to-one correspondence. The bidirectional power supply circuit is used to control the charging or discharging of the battery cells. When the voltage of any battery cell is too high and triggers the balancing condition, the switch element is controlled by the control circuit to connect the battery cell with the higher voltage to the bidirectional power supply circuit. The bidirectional power supply circuit controls the direction of current and discharges the battery cell with the higher voltage. On the contrary, when the voltage of any battery cell is too low and triggers the balancing condition, the switch element is controlled by the control circuit to connect the battery cell with the lower voltage to the bidirectional power supply circuit. The bidirectional power supply circuit controls the direction of current and charges the battery cell with the lower voltage. Figure 2 In the figure, GND indicates the ground terminal.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned active voltage balancing method has some defects. Specifically, before turning on the active voltage balancing, it is impossible to determine whether there is an abnormality in the voltage on both sides of the bidirectional power supply circuit, nor is it possible to determine whether there is an abnormality in the current value on one side of the battery cell. If there is an abnormality in the voltage on both sides of the bidirectional power supply circuit, or the current value on one side of the battery cell is abnormal, it will cause the energy storage system to malfunction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least solve the technical problem in the prior art that a power supply circuit may malfunction due to abnormal voltage and current values when actively balancing the voltage of battery cells.

[0006] To this end, a first aspect of the present invention provides a power supply circuit.

[0007] A second aspect of the present invention provides an energy storage system.

[0008] A first aspect of the present invention provides a power supply circuit, comprising: a bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; a first power supply connected to a first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit, the first power supply comprising a plurality of battery cells; a second power supply connected to a second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; a first voltage detection module connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit, for detecting a first voltage value on the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit before actively performing voltage balancing on any battery cell; a second voltage detection module connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit, for detecting a second voltage value on the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit before actively performing voltage balancing on any battery cell; and a current detection module connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit, for detecting a first current value on the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit during active voltage balancing on any battery cell.

[0009] The power supply circuit provided by the present invention, by providing a first voltage detection module and a second voltage detection module, can perform real-time voltage detection on the side where the first power supply is located through the first voltage detection module, or perform real-time voltage detection on the side where the second power supply is located through the second voltage detection module, before actively balancing the voltage of the single cells of the first power supply. Thus, when an abnormal voltage occurs, energy balancing can be stopped promptly, thereby avoiding power supply circuit malfunctions. By providing a current detection module, the current value on the side where the first power supply is located can be detected in real time during the active voltage balancing process, thereby avoiding power supply circuit malfunctions caused by abnormal current values.

[0010] In some technical solutions, optionally, the power supply circuit also includes: a control circuit, connected to the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit, the first voltage detection module, the second voltage detection module and the current detection module; wherein the control circuit is used to control the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit to actively balance the voltage of any single cell, and to control the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit to stop actively balancing the voltage of the single cell when any one of the first voltage value, the second voltage value and the first current value is not within the corresponding numerical range.

[0011] In this technical solution, the power supply circuit may further include a control circuit, which may be connected to a bidirectional flyback power supply circuit. Through the control circuit, the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit may be controlled, that is, the direction of electric energy conduction between the first power supply and the second power supply may be controlled, thereby enabling charging or discharging of any single cell to achieve active voltage balancing of the single cells.

[0012] Furthermore, the control circuit can also be connected to the first voltage detection module, the second voltage detection module and the current detection module, so as to control the operation of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit according to the voltage and current values detected by the first voltage detection module, the second voltage detection module and the current detection module.

[0013] In some technical solutions, optionally, the first voltage detection module includes: a first voltage dividing resistor, one end of the first voltage dividing resistor is connected to the first power supply; a second voltage dividing resistor, one end of the second voltage dividing resistor is connected to the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor, and the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor is grounded; a first isolation amplifier, the input end of the first isolation amplifier is connected to the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor; a first differential amplifier, the input end of the first differential amplifier is connected to the output end of the first isolation amplifier, and the output end of the first differential amplifier is connected to the control circuit.

[0014] In this technical solution, the first voltage detection module includes a first voltage-dividing resistor and a second voltage-dividing resistor. One end of the first voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the first power source (i.e., to the multiple battery cells), and one end of the second voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor, which is grounded. By configuring the first and second voltage-dividing resistors, the voltage of the first power source can be divided, preventing damage to the first voltage detection module caused by excessive voltage.

[0015] Furthermore, the first voltage detection module also includes a first isolation amplifier and a first differential amplifier, wherein the input end of the first isolation amplifier is connected to the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor, the input end of the first differential amplifier is connected to the first isolation amplifier, and the output end of the first differential amplifier is connected to the control circuit, thereby transmitting the detected voltage value to the control circuit, so that the control circuit can control the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit based on the voltage detected by the first voltage detection module. Through the configuration of the first isolation amplifier and the first differential amplifier, the detected voltage signal can be amplified to ensure the accuracy of the voltage signal detected by the control circuit.

[0016] In some technical solutions, optionally, the second voltage detection module includes: a third voltage-dividing resistor, one end of the third voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; a fourth voltage-dividing resistor, one end of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the other end of the third voltage-dividing resistor; a first transistor, the first end of the first transistor is connected to the other end of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor, the second end of the first transistor is grounded, and the control end of the first transistor is connected to the control circuit; a second transistor, the first end of the second transistor is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit, and the control end of the second transistor is connected to the other end of the third voltage-dividing resistor; a fifth voltage-dividing resistor, one end of the fifth voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the second end of the second transistor, and the other end of the fifth voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the control circuit; a sixth voltage-dividing resistor, one end of the sixth voltage-dividing resistor is connected to the other end of the fifth voltage-dividing resistor, and the other end of the sixth voltage-dividing resistor is grounded.

[0017] In this technical solution, the second voltage detection module may include a third voltage-dividing resistor, a fourth voltage-dividing resistor, a fifth voltage-dividing resistor, a sixth voltage-dividing resistor, a first transistor, and a second transistor. By configuring the first and second transistors, the conduction state of the second voltage detection module can be controlled, thereby enabling detection of the voltage on the second power supply side. Furthermore, by configuring the third voltage-dividing resistor, the fourth voltage-dividing resistor, the fifth voltage-dividing resistor, and the sixth voltage-dividing resistor, the voltage on the second power supply side can be divided to prevent the voltage on the second power supply side from being excessive and causing damage to the first and second transistors.

[0018] In some technical solutions, optionally, the current detection module includes: a sampling resistor, one end of the sampling resistor is connected to the first power supply, and the other end of the sampling resistor is connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; a second isolation amplifier, the input end of the second isolation amplifier is connected to the two ends of the sampling resistor; a second differential amplifier, the input end of the second differential amplifier is connected to the second isolation amplifier, and the output end of the second differential amplifier is connected to the control circuit.

[0019] In this technical solution, the current detection module may include a sampling resistor, one end of which is connected to the first power source, that is, to the multiple battery cells, and the other end of which is connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit. By configuring the sampling resistor, the current flowing through the sampling resistor can be detected, thereby enabling detection of the circuit on the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit.

[0020] Furthermore, the current detection module also includes a second isolation amplifier and a second differential amplifier, wherein the input of the second isolation amplifier is connected to both ends of the sampling resistor, the input of the second differential amplifier is connected to the output of the second isolation amplifier, and the output of the second differential amplifier is connected to the control circuit. The second isolation amplifier and the second differential amplifier are configured to amplify the detected current signal, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the current signal detected by the control circuit.

[0021] In some technical solutions, optionally, the power supply circuit also includes: a first switch module, the first switch module is connected between the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit and the second power supply, and the first switch module is also connected to the control circuit; wherein the control circuit is used to control the on and off of the first switch module.

[0022] In this technical solution, the power supply circuit may further include a first switch module, which is connected between the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit and the second power supply. Through the setting of the first switch module, the flyback power supply circuit and the second power supply can be turned on and off.

[0023] Specifically, the first switch module is also connected to a control circuit, which can control the on / off switching of the first switch module. When the voltage of any single cell is too high or too low, thereby triggering a balancing condition, the control circuit can first control the first switch module to conduct, thereby enabling the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit to connect to the second power supply, thereby enabling charging or discharging of any single cell, thereby achieving active voltage balancing.

[0024] In some technical solutions, optionally, the first switching module includes: a third transistor, the control end of the third transistor is connected to the control circuit, and the first end of the third transistor is grounded; a fourth transistor, the control end of the fourth transistor is connected to the second end of the third transistor, and the first end of the fourth transistor is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; a fifth transistor, the control end of the fifth transistor is connected to the second end of the third transistor, the first end of the fifth transistor is connected to the second end of the fourth transistor, and the second end of the fifth transistor is connected to the second power supply.

[0025] In this technical solution, the first switch module may specifically include a third transistor, a fourth transistor, and a fifth transistor, wherein the control terminal of the third transistor is connected to the control circuit, the first terminal of the third transistor is grounded, the control terminal of the fourth transistor and the control terminal of the fifth transistor are both connected to the second terminal of the third transistor, the first terminal of the fourth transistor is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit, the first terminal of the fifth transistor is connected to the second terminal of the fourth transistor, and the second terminal of the fifth transistor is connected to the second power supply. In other words, the fourth transistor is connected in series between the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit and the second power supply, and the level signal output by the second terminal of the third transistor can control the conduction state of the fourth and fifth transistors, thereby controlling the conduction and disconnection between the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit and the second power supply.

[0026] In some technical solutions, optionally, the power supply circuit also includes: a power supply module, which is connected to the control circuit, the first voltage detection module and the current detection module; wherein the control circuit is used to control the power supply module to supply power to the first voltage detection module and the current detection module.

[0027] In this technical solution, the power supply circuit may further include a power supply module, and the power supply module may be connected to the first voltage detection module and the current detection module. Specifically, the power supply module may be connected to the first isolation amplifier of the first voltage detection module and the second isolation amplifier of the current detection module, thereby providing power to the first isolation amplifier and the second isolation amplifier to ensure normal operation of the first isolation amplifier and the second isolation amplifier.

[0028] Furthermore, the power supply module can also be connected to the control circuit, and the power supply module can be controlled through the control circuit, so that when voltage detection and current detection are required through the first voltage detection module and the current detection module, the power supply module is controlled to operate through the control circuit to provide power to the first voltage detection module and the current detection module.

[0029] In some technical solutions, optionally, the power supply module includes: a transformer, a first side of the transformer is connected to the first voltage detection module and the current detection module, and a second side of the transformer is connected to the second power supply; a driver chip, the driver chip is connected to the second side of the transformer and the control circuit, and is used to drive the transformer to transmit the electrical energy of the second power supply to the first voltage detection module and the current detection module.

[0030] In this technical solution, the power supply module may include a transformer and a driver chip, wherein a first side of the transformer is connected to a first voltage detection module and a current detection module, and a second side of the transformer is connected to a second power supply, thereby providing power from the second power supply to the first voltage detection module and the current detection module. The provision of the transformer can achieve isolation between the two sides of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit, preventing the first voltage detection module and the current detection module from being directly connected to the second power supply, thereby preventing damage to the power supply circuit in the event of a power supply module failure.

[0031] Furthermore, the power supply module also includes a driving chip, which is connected to the second side of the transformer. Through the driving chip, the transformer can be driven to operate so as to transmit the electric energy of the second power supply to the first voltage detection module and the current detection module.

[0032] Furthermore, the driver chip is also connected to the control circuit, so that the driver chip is controlled by the control circuit, and the power supply of the first voltage detection module and the current detection module is controlled by the control circuit.

[0033] In some technical solutions, optionally, the power supply circuit also includes: a second switch module, the second switch module includes multiple switch elements, the multiple switch elements are connected one-to-one to the multiple single cells, and the switch elements are located between the single cells and the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; wherein, the switch element is connected to the control circuit, and the control circuit is used to control the on and off of the switch element.

[0034] In this technical solution, the power supply circuit also includes a second switch module, which is connected between the first power supply and the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit, thereby realizing the control of conduction and disconnection between the first power supply and the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit.

[0035] Furthermore, the switch element can also be connected to the control circuit, so that the conduction state of each switch element can be controlled separately by the control circuit, thereby realizing charging and discharging of any single battery cell, thereby realizing active voltage balancing of the single battery cell.

[0036] A second aspect of the present invention provides an energy storage system, comprising a power supply circuit as described in any one of the above technical solutions.

[0037] The energy storage system provided by the present invention includes the power supply circuit of any one of the above technical solutions, so the energy storage system includes all the beneficial effects of the power supply circuit, which will not be repeated here.

[0038] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0040] Figure 1 Shows a structural block diagram of a power supply circuit in the related art;

[0041] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a power supply circuit in the related art is shown;

[0042] Figure 3 shows a structural block diagram of a power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 A circuit diagram showing a power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 shows one of the operation flow charts of the power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 FIG2 shows a second operation flow chart of the power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 A structural block diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0047] in, Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 7 The corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and component names is as follows:

[0048] 100 power supply circuit, 102 bidirectional flyback power supply circuit, 104 first power supply, 106 single cell, 108 second power supply, 110 first voltage detection module, 112 second voltage detection module, 114 current detection module, 116 control circuit, 118 first voltage divider resistor, 120 second voltage divider resistor, 122 first isolation amplifier, 124 first differential amplifier, 126 third voltage divider resistor, 128 first transistor, 130 second transistor, 132 fifth voltage divider resistor, 134 sixth voltage divider resistor, 136 sampling resistor, 138 second isolation amplifier 140 second differential amplifier, 142 first switch module, 144 third transistor, 146 fourth transistor, 148 fifth transistor, 150 power supply module, 152 transformer, 154 driver chip, 156 second switch module, 158 switch element, 160 control chip, 162 digital isolation optocoupler, 164 fourth voltage divider resistor, 166 isolation transformer, 168 first drive circuit, 170 second drive circuit, 172 sixth transistor, 174 first driver chip, 176 seventh transistor, 178 second driver chip, 200 energy storage system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other.

[0050] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0051] Refer to the following Figures 3 to 7 The power supply circuit and energy storage system provided according to some embodiments of the present invention are described.

[0052] Some embodiments of the present invention provide a power supply circuit 100, such as Figure 3As shown, the power supply circuit 100 includes: a bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102; a first power supply 104, connected to a first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, the first power supply 104 including a plurality of single cells 106; a second power supply 108, connected to a second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102; a first voltage detection module 110, connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, for detecting a first voltage value of the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 before actively balancing the voltage of any single cell 106; a second voltage detection module 112, connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, for detecting a second voltage value of the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 before actively balancing the voltage of any single cell 106; and a current detection module 114, connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, for detecting a first current value of the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 during the process of actively balancing the voltage of any single cell 106.

[0053] The power supply circuit 100 provided by the present invention includes a bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, the two sides of which are respectively connected to a first power supply 104 and a second power supply 108. Through the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, bidirectional power transmission between the first power supply 104 and the second power supply 108 can be achieved, that is, the first power supply 104 can discharge to the second power supply 108, and the second power supply 108 can discharge to the first power supply 104.

[0054] Among them, the first power supply 104 may include multiple single-cell batteries 106. When the voltage of any single-cell battery 106 is too high or too low and triggers the voltage active balancing condition, any single-cell battery 106 can be charged or discharged through the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 to achieve active voltage balancing of multiple single-cell battery 106.

[0055] Furthermore, the power supply circuit 100 also includes a first voltage detection module 110, which is connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, that is, to the side where the first power source 104 is located. When the voltage of any single cell 106 is too low, triggering an active voltage balancing condition, the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 controls the direction of electrical energy conduction, thereby charging the single cell 106 with the lower voltage through the second power source 108. Before charging, the first voltage detection module 110 can collect the voltage of the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, that is, the voltage on the side where the single cell 106 is located, to determine whether there is an abnormality in the voltage on the side where the single cell 106 is located. If there is an abnormality, the staff or the control system can control the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 to stop transmitting electrical energy, thereby preventing the power supply circuit 100 from malfunctioning due to excessively high or low voltage on the side where the single cell 106 is located. If the voltage on the side where the single battery cell 106 is located is normal, the single battery cell 106 with a lower voltage can be charged by the second power supply 108 to achieve active voltage balancing.

[0056] Furthermore, the power supply circuit 100 also includes a second voltage detection module 112, which is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, that is, to the side where the second power supply 108 is located. When the voltage of any single cell 106 is too high, triggering a voltage active balancing condition, the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 controls the direction of power conduction, thereby discharging the single cell 106 with the higher voltage. Before discharging, the second voltage detection module 112 collects the voltage on the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 to determine whether there is an abnormality in the voltage on the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102. If there is an abnormality, the operator or the control system can control the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 to stop supplying power, thereby preventing the power supply circuit 100 from malfunctioning due to the voltage on the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 being too high or too low. If there is no abnormality in the voltage on the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, the single cell 106 with the higher voltage can be discharged to achieve active voltage balancing.

[0057] Furthermore, the power supply circuit 100 further includes a current detection module 114 , which is connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 , so as to collect the current of the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 100 . When the voltage of any single cell 106 is too high or too low, triggering the active voltage balancing condition, the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 controls the conduction direction of electric energy, thereby charging or discharging the single cell 106. First, the voltage of the first side or the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 is collected by the first voltage detection module 110 or the second voltage detection module 112. If the voltage of the first side or the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 is normal, the single cell 106 can be charged or discharged to achieve active voltage balancing of the single cell 106. During the active voltage balancing process, the current of the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 is collected in real time by the current detection module 114 to determine whether the current is abnormal. If an abnormality is found, the staff or the control system can control the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 to stop the transmission of electric energy, thereby avoiding malfunction of the power supply circuit 100 due to excessively high or low current on the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102. If the current is normal, the battery cell 106 can continue to be charged or discharged until the difference between the voltage of the battery cell 106 and the voltage of other battery cells 106 is less than the voltage threshold, and the voltage active balancing condition is not met, then the voltage active balancing process can be completed. Figure 3 GND represents the ground terminal.

[0058] The power supply circuit 100 provided by the present invention, by providing a first voltage detection module 110 and a second voltage detection module 112, can perform real-time voltage detection on the side where the first power supply 104 is located, using the first voltage detection module 110, or perform real-time voltage detection on the side where the second power supply 108 is located, using the second voltage detection module 112, before performing active voltage balancing on the single cells 106 of the first power supply 104. Consequently, when voltage anomalies occur, power balancing can be stopped promptly, thereby preventing malfunctions of the power supply circuit 100. By providing a current detection module 114, the current value on the side where the first power supply 104 is located can be detected in real time during active voltage balancing, thereby preventing malfunctions of the power supply circuit 100 caused by abnormal current values.

[0059] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the power supply circuit 100 also includes: a control circuit 116, connected to the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, the first voltage detection module 110, the second voltage detection module 112 and the current detection module 114; wherein the control circuit 116 is used to control the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 to actively balance the voltage of any single cell 106, and when any one of the first voltage value, the second voltage value and the first current value is not within the corresponding numerical range, control the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 to stop actively balancing the voltage of the single cell 106.

[0060] In this embodiment, the power supply circuit 100 may further include a control circuit 116, which may be connected to the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102. Through the control circuit 116, the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 may be controlled, that is, the direction of electric energy conduction between the first power supply 104 and the second power supply 108 may be controlled, thereby realizing charging or discharging of any single cell 106 to realize active voltage balancing of the single cell 106.

[0061] Furthermore, the control circuit 116 can also be connected to the first voltage detection module 110, the second voltage detection module 112 and the current detection module 114, so as to control the operation of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 according to the voltage and current values detected by the first voltage detection module 110, the second voltage detection module 112 and the current detection module 114.

[0062] Specifically, when the voltage of any single battery cell 106 is low, triggering an equalization condition, the control circuit 116 can control the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 to charge the single battery cell 106 with the lower voltage through the second power supply 108. At this time, the first voltage detection module 110 detects the voltage on the side where the first power supply 104 is located and transmits the detection result to the control circuit 116. If the control circuit 116 determines that the voltage on the side of the first power supply 104 is abnormal, it can immediately control the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 to stop charging the single battery cell 106 with the lower voltage through the second power supply 108, thereby avoiding malfunction of the power supply circuit 100 due to the voltage abnormality. If the voltage on the first power source 104 side is normal, the battery cells 106 with lower voltages continue to be charged. Simultaneously, the current on the first power source 104 side is detected by the current detection module 114. If the current is abnormal, the control circuit 116 immediately controls the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 to stop charging the battery cells 106 with lower voltages via the second power source 108, thereby preventing malfunction of the power supply circuit 100 due to the abnormal current. If the current is normal, the battery cells 106 with lower voltages continue to be charged until the difference between the voltage of the battery cell 106 and the voltage of the other battery cells 106 is less than the battery cell balancing voltage threshold, and the active voltage balancing condition is no longer met. The active voltage balancing process is then completed.

[0063] When the voltage of any single cell 106 is higher, triggering an equalization condition, the control circuit 116 controls the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 to discharge the single cell 106 with the higher voltage. At this point, the second voltage detection module 112 detects the voltage on the side where the second power source 108 resides and transmits the detected result to the control circuit 116. If the control circuit 116 determines that the voltage on the side of the second power source 108 is abnormal, it immediately controls the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 to stop discharging the single cell 106 with the higher voltage, thereby preventing a malfunction of the power supply circuit 100 due to the voltage abnormality. If the voltage on the side of the second power source 108 is normal, discharge of the single cell 106 with the higher voltage continues. Simultaneously, the current detection module 114 detects the current on the side of the first power source 104. If the current is abnormal, the control circuit 116 immediately controls the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 to stop discharging the single cell 106 with the higher voltage, thereby preventing a malfunction of the power supply circuit 100 due to the current abnormality. If the current is normal, the single cell 106 with the higher voltage will continue to be discharged until the difference between the voltage of the single cell 106 and the voltage of other single cells 106 is smaller than the single cell balancing voltage threshold. If the voltage active balancing condition is not met, the voltage active balancing process can be completed.

[0064] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 4 As shown, the first voltage detection module 110 includes: a first voltage dividing resistor 118, one end of the first voltage dividing resistor 118 is connected to the first power supply 104; a second voltage dividing resistor 120, one end of the second voltage dividing resistor 120 is connected to the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor 118, and the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor 120 is grounded; a first isolation amplifier 122, the input end of the first isolation amplifier 122 is connected to the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor 118; a first differential amplifier 124, the input end of the first differential amplifier 124 is connected to the output end of the first isolation amplifier 122, and the output end of the first differential amplifier 124 is connected to the control circuit 116.

[0065] In this embodiment, the first voltage detection module 110 includes a first voltage-dividing resistor 118 and a second voltage-dividing resistor 120. One end of the first voltage-dividing resistor 118 is connected to the first power source 104, that is, to the plurality of battery cells 106. One end of the second voltage-dividing resistor 120 is connected to the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor 118, and the other end of the second voltage-dividing resistor 120 is grounded. The first voltage-dividing resistor 118 and the second voltage-dividing resistor 120 are configured to divide the voltage of the first power source 104, thereby preventing damage to the first voltage detection module 110 caused by excessive voltage.

[0066] Furthermore, the first voltage detection module 110 also includes a first isolation amplifier 122 and a first differential amplifier 124, wherein the input end of the first isolation amplifier 122 is connected to the other end of the first voltage divider resistor 118, the input end of the first differential amplifier 124 is connected to the first isolation amplifier 122, and the output end of the first differential amplifier 124 is connected to the control circuit 116, thereby transmitting the detected voltage value to the control circuit 116, so that the control circuit 116 can control the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 based on the voltage detected by the first voltage detection module 110. Through the configuration of the first isolation amplifier 122 and the first differential amplifier 124, the detected voltage signal can be amplified to ensure the accuracy of the voltage signal detected by the control circuit 116.

[0067] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 4As shown, the second voltage detection module 112 includes: a third voltage-dividing resistor 126, one end of the third voltage-dividing resistor 126 is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102; a fourth voltage-dividing resistor 164, one end of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor 164 is connected to the other end of the third voltage-dividing resistor 126; a first transistor 128, a first end of the first transistor 128 is connected to the other end of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor 164, a second end of the first transistor 128 is grounded, and a control end of the first transistor 128 is connected to the control circuit 116; a second transistor 130, a first end of the second transistor 130 is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, and a control end of the second transistor 130 is connected to the other end of the third voltage-dividing resistor 126; a fifth voltage-dividing resistor 132, one end of the fifth voltage-dividing resistor 132 is connected to the second end of the second transistor 130, and the other end of the fifth voltage-dividing resistor 132 is connected to the control circuit 116; and a sixth voltage-dividing resistor 134, one end of the sixth voltage-dividing resistor 134 is connected to the other end of the fifth voltage-dividing resistor 132, and the other end of the sixth voltage-dividing resistor 134 is grounded.

[0068] In this embodiment, the second voltage detection module 112 may include a third voltage-dividing resistor 126, a fourth voltage-dividing resistor 164, a fifth voltage-dividing resistor 132, a sixth voltage-dividing resistor 134, a first transistor 128, and a second transistor 130. By configuring the first transistor 128 and the second transistor 130, the conduction state of the second voltage detection module 112 can be controlled, thereby detecting the voltage on the second power supply 108 side. Furthermore, by configuring the third voltage-dividing resistor 126, the fourth voltage-dividing resistor 164, the fifth voltage-dividing resistor 132, and the sixth voltage-dividing resistor 134, the voltage on the second power supply 108 side can be divided to prevent the voltage on the second power supply 108 side from being too high and causing damage to the first transistor 128 and the second transistor 130.

[0069] Specifically, a first end of the first transistor 128 is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, a second end of the first transistor 128 is grounded, and a third voltage-dividing resistor 126 and a fourth voltage-dividing resistor 164 are connected in series between the first end of the first transistor 128 and the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102. A control end of the second transistor 130 is connected between the third voltage-dividing resistor 126 and the fourth voltage-dividing resistor 164, a first end of the second transistor 130 is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, a second end of the second transistor 130 is grounded, and a fifth voltage-dividing resistor 132 and a sixth voltage-dividing resistor 134 are connected in series between the second end of the second transistor 130 and the ground line. Simultaneously, the control circuit 116 is also connected between the fifth voltage-dividing resistor 132 and the sixth voltage-dividing resistor 134, thereby acquiring the voltage signal. Among them, the control circuit 116 is connected to the control end of the first transistor 128. When it is necessary to perform voltage detection on the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, the control circuit 116 outputs a control signal to the first transistor 128, thereby controlling the conduction between the first end and the second end of the first transistor 128, and then controlling the conduction of the second transistor 130. At this time, the control circuit 116 can collect the voltage signal output between the fifth voltage divider resistor 132 and the sixth voltage divider resistor 134 to realize voltage detection on the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102.

[0070] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 4 As shown, the current detection module 114 includes: a sampling resistor 136, one end of the sampling resistor 136 is connected to the first power supply 104, and the other end of the sampling resistor 136 is connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102; a second isolation amplifier 138, an input end of the second isolation amplifier 138 is connected to both ends of the sampling resistor 136; a second differential amplifier 140, an input end of the second differential amplifier 140 is connected to the second isolation amplifier 138, and an output end of the second differential amplifier 140 is connected to the control circuit 116.

[0071] In this embodiment, the current detection module 114 may include a sampling resistor 136. One end of the sampling resistor 136 is connected to the first power source 104, that is, to the plurality of battery cells 106. The other end of the sampling resistor 136 is connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102. By configuring the sampling resistor 136, the current flowing through the sampling resistor 136 can be detected, thereby enabling detection of the circuit on the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102.

[0072] Furthermore, the current detection module 114 also includes a second isolation amplifier 138 and a second differential amplifier 140, wherein the input end of the second isolation amplifier 138 is connected to the two ends of the sampling resistor 136, the input end of the second differential amplifier 140 is connected to the output end of the second isolation amplifier 138, and the output end of the second differential amplifier 140 is connected to the control circuit 116. Through the configuration of the second isolation amplifier 138 and the second differential amplifier 140, the detected current signal can be amplified to ensure the accuracy of the current signal detected by the control circuit 116.

[0073] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 3 As shown, the power supply circuit 100 also includes: a first switch module 142, the first switch module 142 is connected between the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 and the second power supply 108, and the first switch module 142 is also connected to the control circuit 116; wherein the control circuit 116 is used to control the on and off of the first switch module 142.

[0074] In this embodiment, the power supply circuit 100 may further include a first switch module 142, which is connected between the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 and the second power supply 108. The configuration of the first switch module 142 can realize the connection and disconnection between the flyback power supply circuit 100 and the second power supply 108. Specifically, the first switch module 142 is also connected to the control circuit 116, and the control circuit 116 can realize the control of the connection or disconnection of the first switch module 142. When the voltage of any single battery cell 106 is too high or too low, thereby triggering the balancing condition, the control circuit 116 can first control the first switch module 142 to be turned on, thereby enabling the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 to be connected to the second power supply 108, thereby realizing the charging or discharging of any single battery cell 106, and thus realizing the active voltage balancing process.

[0075] Further, if Figure 4 As shown, the first switch module 142 includes: a third transistor 144, the control end of the third transistor 144 is connected to the control circuit 116, and the first end of the third transistor 144 is grounded; a fourth transistor 146, the control end of the fourth transistor 146 is connected to the second end of the third transistor 144, and the first end of the fourth transistor 146 is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102; a fifth transistor 148, the control end of the fifth transistor 148 is connected to the second end of the third transistor 144, the first end of the fifth transistor 148 is connected to the second end of the fourth transistor 146, and the second end of the fifth transistor 148 is connected to the second power supply 108.

[0076] Specifically, the first switch module 142 may include a third transistor 144, a fourth transistor 146, and a fifth transistor 148, wherein the control terminal of the third transistor 144 is connected to the control circuit 116, the first terminal of the third transistor 144 is grounded, the control terminal of the fourth transistor 146 and the control terminal of the fifth transistor 148 are both connected to the second terminal of the third transistor 144, the first terminal of the fourth transistor 146 is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, the first terminal of the fifth transistor 148 is connected to the second terminal of the fourth transistor 146, and the second terminal of the fifth transistor 148 is connected to the second power supply 108. In other words, the fourth transistor 146 is connected in series between the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 and the second power supply 108. The level signal output by the second terminal of the third transistor 144 can control the conduction state of the fourth transistor 146 and the fifth transistor 148, thereby controlling the conduction and disconnection between the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 and the second power supply 108.

[0077] Specifically, when it is necessary to actively balance the voltages of the multiple single-cell batteries 106 of the first power supply 104, the control circuit 116 outputs a corresponding ground level signal to the third transistor 144, thereby turning on the third transistor 144, and then outputs a corresponding ground level signal to the fourth transistor 146 through the third transistor 144, thereby controlling the fourth transistor 146 and the fifth transistor 148 to turn on, thereby enabling the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 to be connected to the second power supply 108.

[0078] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 3 As shown, the power supply circuit 100 also includes: a power supply module 150, which is connected to the control circuit 116, the first voltage detection module 110 and the current detection module 114; wherein the control circuit 116 is used to control the power supply module 150 to supply power to the first voltage detection module 110 and the current detection module 114.

[0079] In this embodiment, the power supply circuit 100 may further include a power supply module 150, and the power supply module 150 is connected to the first voltage detection module 110 and the current detection module 114. Specifically, the power supply module 150 may be connected to the first isolation amplifier 122 of the first voltage detection module 110 and the second isolation amplifier 138 of the current detection module 114, thereby providing power to the first isolation amplifier 122 and the second isolation amplifier 138 to ensure that the first isolation amplifier 122 and the second isolation amplifier 138 can operate normally.

[0080] Furthermore, the power supply module 150 can also be connected to the control circuit 116. Through the control circuit 116, the power supply module 150 can be controlled, so that when voltage detection and current detection are required through the first voltage detection module 110 and the current detection module 114, the power supply module 150 is controlled to operate through the control circuit 116 to provide power to the first voltage detection module 110 and the current detection module 114.

[0081] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, the power supply module 150 includes: a transformer 152, a first side of the transformer 152 is connected to the first voltage detection module 110 and the current detection module 114, and a second side of the transformer 152 is connected to the second power supply 108; a driver chip 154, the driver chip 154 is connected to the second side of the transformer 152 and the control circuit 116, and is used to drive the transformer 152 to transmit the electrical energy of the second power supply 108 to the first voltage detection module 110 and the current detection module 114.

[0082] In this embodiment, the power supply module 150 may include a transformer 152 and a driver chip 154, wherein a first side of the transformer 152 is connected to the first voltage detection module 110 and the current detection module 114, and a second side of the transformer 152 is connected to the second power supply 108, thereby providing power from the second power supply 108 to the first voltage detection module 110 and the current detection module 114. It will be understood that the first voltage detection module 110 and the current detection module 114 are both connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, while the second power supply 108 is connected to the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102. Therefore, the provision of the transformer 152 can achieve isolation between the two sides of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, preventing the first voltage detection module 110 and the current detection module 114 from being directly connected to the second power supply 108, thereby preventing damage to the power supply circuit 100 when a failure of the power supply module 150 occurs.

[0083] Furthermore, the power supply module 150 also includes a driver chip 154, which is connected to the second side of the transformer 152. The driver chip 154 can drive the transformer 152 to operate, thereby transmitting the electrical energy of the second power supply 108 to the first voltage detection module 110 and the current detection module 114. Specifically, the transformer 152 may include a first coil and a second coil, wherein the first coil is connected to the first voltage detection module 110 and the current detection module 114, and the second coil is connected to the driver chip 154 and the second power supply 108, and can transmit the electrical energy passing through the second power supply 108 to the second coil. When the second coil is energized, according to the principle of electromagnetic induction, a current can be generated in the first coil, thereby transmitting the current to the first voltage detection module 110 and the current detection module 114.

[0084] Furthermore, the driver chip 154 is also connected to the control circuit 116 , so that the driver chip 154 is controlled by the control circuit 116 , thereby achieving control of the power supply of the first voltage detection module 110 and the current detection module 114 by the control circuit 116 .

[0085] In some embodiments, optionally, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the power supply circuit 100 also includes: a second switch module 156, the second switch module 156 includes a plurality of switch elements 158, the plurality of switch elements 158 are connected one-to-one with the plurality of single cells 106, and the switch element 158 is located between the single cell 106 and the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102; wherein, the switch element 158 is connected to the control circuit 116, and the control circuit 116 is used to control the on and off of the switch element 158.

[0086] In this embodiment, the power supply circuit 100 further includes a second switch module 156, which is connected between the first power supply 104 and the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, thereby controlling the conduction and disconnection between the first power supply 104 and the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102. Specifically, the second switch module 156 includes a plurality of switch elements 158, and the plurality of switch elements 158 are connected to the plurality of battery cells 106 in a one-to-one correspondence. Thus, the plurality of switch elements 158 can be used to separately control the connection between the plurality of battery cells 106 and the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102, thereby enabling charging and discharging of any battery cell 106, thereby achieving active voltage balancing of the battery cells 106.

[0087] Furthermore, the switch element 158 can also be connected to the control circuit 116, so that the conduction state of each switch element 158 can be controlled separately by the control circuit 116, thereby realizing charging and discharging of any single cell 106, thereby realizing active voltage balancing of the single cell 106.

[0088] In a specific embodiment, Figure 4As shown, bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 includes an isolation transformer 166. Transformer 152 includes a first coil and a second coil, which are coupled together. The first coil and the second coil have different numbers of turns, thereby regulating the output voltage across transformer 152. The first coil can be connected to first power supply 104, and the second coil can be connected to second power supply 108, thereby enabling bidirectional transmission of electrical energy between first power supply 104 and second power supply 108. Furthermore, bidirectional flyback power supply circuit 102 also includes a first drive circuit 168 and a second drive circuit 170. First drive circuit 168 is coupled to the first coil. When electrical energy needs to flow from the first coil to the second coil, first drive circuit 168 can drive the first coil to conduct. Due to the coupling of the first and second coils, current can flow through the second coil based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, thereby conducting electrical energy from the first coil to the second coil. On the contrary, when electric energy needs to be conducted from the second coil to the first coil, the second driving circuit 170 can be used to drive the second coil to conduct. Since the first coil and the second coil are coupled, based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, current can flow through the second coil, thereby conducting electric energy from the second coil to the first coil.

[0089] Specifically, the first driver circuit 168 may include a sixth transistor 172 and a first driver chip 174, wherein the first terminal of the sixth transistor 172 is connected to the first coil, and the second terminal of the sixth transistor 172 is grounded. When the sixth transistor 172 is conductively connected to the first terminal and the second terminal, the first coil is conductively connected, thereby allowing electrical energy to flow from the first coil to the second coil. The first driver chip 174 may be connected to the control terminal of the sixth transistor 172 and the control circuit 116. The control circuit 116 controls the first driver chip 174 to drive the control terminal of the sixth transistor 172 to control whether the first terminal and the second terminal of the sixth transistor 172 are conductively connected or disconnected. The second driver circuit 170 may include a seventh transistor 176 and a second driver chip 178, wherein the first terminal of the seventh transistor 176 is connected to the second coil, and the second terminal of the seventh transistor 176 is grounded. When the seventh transistor 176 is conductively connected to the first terminal and the second terminal, the second coil is conductively connected, thereby allowing electrical energy to flow from the second coil to the first coil. The second driver chip 178 can be connected to the control end of the seventh transistor 176 and the control circuit 116. The control circuit 116 controls the second driver chip 178 so that the second driver chip 178 drives the control end of the seventh transistor 176 to control the conduction or disconnection between the first end and the second end of the seventh transistor 176.

[0090] Furthermore, the control circuit 116 includes a control chip 160 (microcontroller unit, MCU) and multiple digital isolation optocouplers 162. The multiple digital isolation optocouplers 162 are connected to the MCU, and the multiple digital isolation optocouplers 162 are connected one-to-one with the multiple switches 158. Specifically, the number of single cells 106 is four, namely cell1 to cell4. Accordingly, the number of switches 158 and digital isolation optocouplers 162 is also four, and they are connected one-to-one with the four single cells 106.

[0091] For example, Figure 5 As shown, when the voltage of any single cell 106 is too low, the voltage active balancing process is as follows:

[0092] Step 302: The MCU recognizes that the voltage of cell 2 is too high and triggers the active charge balancing condition threshold.

[0093] Step 304: The MCU controls the first switch module to connect the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit to the second power supply;

[0094] Step 306: The EN1 pin of the MCU outputs a high level to drive the second driver chip to work, while the EN2 pin remains at a low level of 0V.

[0095] Step 308: The bidirectional flyback power supply circuit now enters a mode where the second power supply side discharges and the cell side charges, and the cell side maintains no-load output.

[0096] Step 310: The MCU collects the voltage value of the M_cell_Voltage port through the first voltage collection module;

[0097] Step 312, determining whether the voltage value of the M_cell_Voltage port meets the cell-side output voltage range set by the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit. If so, proceed to step 314; if not, proceed to step 324;

[0098] Step 314: The MCU drives the CB pin to output a high level, driving the digital isolation optocoupler corresponding to cell2 to turn on, thereby driving the switch of the cell2 channel to turn on and close;

[0099] Step 316: The second power supply side charges cell 2 using a bidirectional flyback power supply circuit according to a set rated current value.

[0100] Step 318: The MCU collects the current value of the M_cell_balance_current port through the current collection module;

[0101] Step 320, determining whether the current value of the M_cell_balance_current port meets the cell-side charging balance current range set by the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit. If so, execute step 322; if not, execute step 330;

[0102] Step 322 , charge and balance the cell 2 and detect the cell voltage until the voltage reaches the equalization shutdown threshold.

[0103] Step 324, the MCU determines that the cell-side output is overvoltage or undervoltage abnormal fault;

[0104] Step 326: The MCU drives the EN1 pin to output a low level, the EN2 pin maintains a low level, and the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit stops working;

[0105] Step 328: The MCU controls the first switch module to disconnect the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit from the second power supply.

[0106] Step 330: The MCU determines that the charging balancing current on the cell 2 side is abnormal.

[0107] Step 332: The MCU drives the EN1 pin to output a low level, the EN2 pin maintains a low level, and the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit stops working;

[0108] Step 334: The MCU drives the CB pin to output a low level, driving the digital isolation optocoupler corresponding to cell2 to disconnect, thereby driving the switch element of the cell2 channel to disconnect;

[0109] In step 336 , the MCU controls the first switch module to disconnect the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit from the second power supply.

[0110] For example, Figure 6 As shown in the figure, when the voltage of any single cell is too high, the voltage active balancing process is as follows:

[0111] Step 402: The MCU recognizes that the voltage of cell 3 is too high and triggers the active charge balancing condition threshold.

[0112] Step 404: The MCU drives the CB pin to output a high level, turning on the corresponding digital isolation optocoupler of cell 3, thereby driving the switch of the cell 3 channel to turn on and off.

[0113] Step 406: The EN2 pin of the MCU outputs a high level to drive the first driver chip to work, while the EN1 pin remains at a low level of 0V.

[0114] Step 408: The bidirectional flyback power supply circuit enters a mode where the cell side discharges and the second power side charges, and the second power side maintains a no-load output.

[0115] Step 410: The MCU collects the voltage value of the M_BAT1_AD port through the second voltage collection module;

[0116] Step 412, determining whether the voltage value of the M_BAT1_AD port meets the second power side no-load output voltage range set by the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit. If so, proceed to step 414; if not, proceed to step 424;

[0117] Step 414: The MCU controls the first switch module to connect the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit to the second power supply.

[0118] Step 416: Cell 3 is discharged to the second power supply side through the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit at a set rated current value.

[0119] Step 418: The MCU collects the current value of the M_cell_balance_current port through the current collection module;

[0120] Step 420 , determining whether the current value of the M_cell_balance_current port meets the cell-side charge balancing current range set by the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit. If so, execute step 422 ; if not, execute step 430 ;

[0121] Step 422 , performing discharge balancing on cell 3 and detecting the cell voltage of cell 3 until the balancing shutdown threshold is met;

[0122] Step 424: The MCU determines that the second power supply side has an output overvoltage or undervoltage abnormality fault;

[0123] Step 426 , the MCU drives the EN2 pin to output a low level, the EN1 pin maintains a low level, and the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit stops working;

[0124] Step 428: The MCU drives the CB pin to output a low level, and the digital isolation optocoupler corresponding to cell 3 is turned off, thereby driving the switch element of the cell 3 channel to be disconnected.

[0125] Step 430: The MCU determines that the discharge balancing current on the cell 3 side is abnormal.

[0126] Step 432: The MCU drives the EN2 pin to output a low level, the EN1 pin maintains a low level, and the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit stops working;

[0127] Step 434: the MCU controls the first switch module to disconnect the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit from the second power supply.

[0128] In step 436 , the MCU drives the CB pin to output a low level, driving the digital isolation optocoupler corresponding to cell 3 to be disconnected, thereby driving the switch element of the cell 3 channel to be disconnected.

[0129] Some embodiments of the present invention provide an energy storage system 200, such as Figure 7 As shown, the energy storage system 200 includes: a power supply circuit 100 as any one of the above technical solutions.

[0130] The energy storage system 200 provided by the present invention includes the power supply circuit 100 of any one of the above technical solutions. Therefore, the energy storage system 200 includes all the beneficial effects of the power supply circuit 100, which will not be repeated here.

[0131] In the description of the present invention, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two. Unless otherwise expressly defined, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper" and "lower" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "connect," "install," and "fix" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0132] Throughout this specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," and "specific embodiments" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0133] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that: include: Bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; A first power supply is connected to a first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit, wherein the first power supply includes a plurality of single cells; a second power supply connected to a second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; a first voltage detection module, connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit, and configured to detect a first voltage value of the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit before actively balancing the voltage of any of the single cells; a second voltage detection module, connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit, and configured to detect a second voltage value on the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit before actively balancing the voltage of any of the single cells; The current detection module is connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit and is used to detect the first current value of the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit during the process of active voltage balancing of any of the single cells.

2. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, wherein: Also includes: a control circuit connected to the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit, the first voltage detection module, the second voltage detection module, and the current detection module; In which, the control circuit is used to control the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit to actively balance the voltage of any of the single battery cells, and when any one of the first voltage value, the second voltage value and the first current value is not within the corresponding numerical range, control the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit to stop actively balancing the voltage of the single battery cells.

3. The power supply circuit according to claim 2, wherein: The first voltage detection module includes: a first voltage-dividing resistor, one end of which is connected to the first power supply; a second voltage-dividing resistor, one end of the second voltage-dividing resistor being connected to the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor, and the other end of the second voltage-dividing resistor being grounded; a first isolation amplifier, wherein an input end of the first isolation amplifier is connected to the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor; A first differential amplifier, wherein an input terminal of the first differential amplifier is connected to an output terminal of the first isolation amplifier, and an output terminal of the first differential amplifier is connected to the control circuit.

4. The power supply circuit according to claim 2, wherein: The second voltage detection module includes: a third voltage-dividing resistor, one end of which is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; a fourth voltage-dividing resistor, one end of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor being connected to the other end of the third voltage-dividing resistor; a first transistor, wherein a first terminal of the first transistor is connected to the other terminal of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor, a second terminal of the first transistor is grounded, and a control terminal of the first transistor is connected to the control circuit; a second transistor, wherein a first end of the second transistor is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit, and a control end of the second transistor is connected to the other end of the third voltage-dividing resistor; a fifth voltage-dividing resistor, one end of the fifth voltage-dividing resistor being connected to the second end of the second transistor, and the other end of the fifth voltage-dividing resistor being connected to the control circuit; a sixth voltage-dividing resistor, one end of the sixth voltage-dividing resistor being connected to the other end of the fifth voltage-dividing resistor, and the other end of the sixth voltage-dividing resistor being grounded.

5. The power supply circuit according to claim 2, wherein: The current detection module includes: a sampling resistor, one end of which is connected to the first power supply, and the other end of which is connected to the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; a second isolation amplifier, wherein an input end of the second isolation amplifier is connected to two ends of the sampling resistor; A second differential amplifier, wherein an input terminal of the second differential amplifier is connected to the second isolation amplifier, and an output terminal of the second differential amplifier is connected to the control circuit.

6. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes: a first switch module, the first switch module being connected between the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit and the second power supply, and the first switch module being further connected to the control circuit; The control circuit is used to control the on and off of the first switch module.

7. The power supply circuit according to claim 6, wherein: The first switch module includes: a third transistor, wherein a control terminal of the third transistor is connected to the control circuit, and a first terminal of the third transistor is grounded; a fourth transistor, wherein a control terminal of the fourth transistor is connected to the second terminal of the third transistor, and a first terminal of the fourth transistor is connected to the second side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; a fifth transistor, wherein a control terminal of the fifth transistor is connected to the second terminal of the third transistor, a first terminal of the fifth transistor is connected to the second terminal of the fourth transistor, and a second terminal of the fifth transistor is connected to the second power supply.

8. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes: a power supply module, the power supply module being connected to the control circuit, the first voltage detection module and the current detection module; The control circuit is used to control the power supply module to supply power to the first voltage detection module and the current detection module.

9. The power supply circuit according to claim 8, wherein: The power supply module includes: a transformer, wherein a first side of the transformer is connected to the first voltage detection module and the current detection module, and a second side of the transformer is connected to the second power supply; A driving chip is connected to the second side of the transformer and the control circuit, and is used to drive the transformer to transmit the electric energy of the second power supply to the first voltage detection module and the current detection module.

10. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes: a second switch module, the second switch module comprising a plurality of switch elements, the plurality of switch elements being connected to the plurality of single cells in a one-to-one correspondence, the switch elements being located between the single cells and the first side of the bidirectional flyback power supply circuit; The switch element is connected to the control circuit, and the control circuit is used to control the on and off of the switch element.

11. An energy storage system, characterized in that: include: The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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