Method for promoting yield increase and quality improvement of peony seeds

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for promoting yield increase and quality improvement of peony seeds, which comprises the following steps: after pollination of peony is completed, spraying an exogenous hormone gibberellin GA3 solution or brassinolide BR solution to fruit pods of peony plants, and spraying to the fruit pods to enable liquid beads to drip. By means of the method, generation and growth of peony seeds are promoted, the number of normal peony seeds is greatly increased, the number of abortive seeds is reduced, and after gibberellin GA3 or brassinolide BR is sprayed for treatment, the number of the normal seeds is increased by 50% or above and can reach 2-3 times; the number of abortive seeds is reduced by more than 20%; the size of the peony seeds is increased, the length and width of the seeds are obviously increased, the problem of environmental pollution easily caused by massive fertilization is effectively avoided, the production cost is reduced, and the method is easy to operate and popularize and has important significance for promoting the industrialization development of the peony.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of peony cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for promoting yield increase and quality improvement of peony seeds. Background Art

[0002] The tree peony, a deciduous shrub of the Paeoniaceae family and subgenus Moutan, is a traditional Chinese flower known as the "King of Flowers." It possesses significant medicinal, edible, horticultural, and cultural value. Its roots are used as the traditional Chinese medicinal herb "Danpi," while paeonol and paeoniflorin can also be extracted from its stems, leaves, and flowers.

[0003] In recent years, my country has placed significant emphasis on and is vigorously developing the cultivation and planting of oil-bearing peonies. As a new resource plant, peony seeds are rich in essential polyunsaturated fatty acids, including linoleic acid (C18:2) and α-linolenic acid (C18:3). They can be used as high-quality cooking oil and dietary supplements, with diverse applications.

[0004] To date, the national oil-bearing peony planting area has exceeded millions of mu, but the long-standing problems of low seed yield, high abortion rate and low quality in peony planting have become an important factor seriously hindering the sustainable development of the oil-bearing peony industrialization.

[0005] Currently, the main measures to increase peony yield include fertilization and optimizing pollination methods. For example, Chinese patent application CN108218503A discloses a peony-specific fertilizer and production method. The method comprises mixing urea, monoammonium phosphate, superphosphate, potassium chloride, and zinc sulfate in a certain proportion, grinding the mixture, and stirring the mixture in a blender to form a powder. The powder is then dried at 60-80°C and then fed into a granulator to produce granular peony-specific fertilizer, thereby increasing the quality and yield of peonies. Another example is a method disclosed in Chinese patent CN114208662A for increasing the yield of 'Fengdan' peony through artificial pollination. The method comprises manually harvesting 'Fengdan' peony pollen and placing it in a sulfuric acid paper bag; spreading the pollen flat and placing it in a cool place at a temperature of ≤20°C to air-dry; sieving the pollen and anther shells, and storing the sieved pollen at an environment of ≤4°C; mixing the stored pollen with a pollen filler, and pollinating with an artificial pollination gun to improve efficiency, save pollen resources, and increase peony yield.

[0006] However, measures to increase yields through large-scale fertilization can easily aggravate environmental pollution, and while artificial pollination can increase yields under certain circumstances, it requires a lot of manpower and significantly increases production costs; and the effectiveness of pollination depends on the environment and technology.

[0007] Li Wanru et al. (Effects of exogenous gibberellins on seed germination of peony 'Purple Spot', Journal of Northwest Botany, 2019, 39(10): 1819-182), Si Yuqian et al. (Effects of gibberellic acid treatment on seed germination of oil-bearing peony 'Purple Spot', Qinghai Agricultural and Forestry Science and Technology, 2018, (01): 24-26+34), and Lu Sen et al. (Effects of different hormones on epicotyl germination of oil-bearing peony, Northern Horticulture, 2019, (02): 89-94) all promoted the germination of peony seeds and epicotyls by applying different exogenous hormones. It can be seen that their purpose is to break the dormancy of peony seeds early by applying exogenous hormones, which has nothing to do with increasing the number of seeds. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to provide a method for increasing the yield and improving the quality of peony seeds. By spraying exogenous hormones during the peony growth process, the seed setting rate of the peony seeds is increased, significantly improving seed yield. Furthermore, after spraying with exogenous hormones, the peony seeds are significantly larger, the abortion rate during growth is significantly reduced, and the seed yield and quality are improved.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A method for increasing the yield and improving the quality of peony seeds comprises the following steps:

[0011] After the peony is pollinated, spray the fruit pods of the peony plant with exogenous hormone gibberellin GA3 solution or brassinolide BR solution until liquid droplets drip off.

[0012] Preferably, the concentration of the gibberellin GA3 solution is 5-15 mg / L, preferably 10-15 mg / L.

[0013] Furthermore, the concentration of the brassinolide BR solution is 0.15-0.3 mg / L, preferably 0.2-0.3 mg / L.

[0014] Furthermore, during the preparation of the gibberellin GA3 solution or brassinolide BR solution, the required gibberellin GA3 or brassinolide BR is weighed, the solute is first dissolved in ethanol, and then water is added to make up the volume.

[0015] Furthermore, the frequency of spraying the exogenous hormones onto the fruit pods of the peony plants is once a day for two consecutive days.

[0016] Furthermore, the timing for spraying the exogenous hormones on the fruit pods of the peony plants is from the next day to seven days after the peony plants complete pollination.

[0017] Preferably, the peony is a wild peony or a cultivated peony.

[0018] Furthermore, the wild peony is selected from Paeonia ostii, P. jishanensis, P. qiui, P. rockii, P. decomposita, P. cathayana, P. ludlowii and P. delavayi.

[0019] Preferably, the cultivated peony is selected from the Central Plains peony variety group, the Northwest peony variety group, the Jiangnan peony variety group, the Southwest peony variety group, the French peony variety group, the American peony variety group and the Japanese peony variety group.

[0020] Furthermore, the cultivated peony is selected from the Central Plains peony variety group's 'Luoyang Red' or 'Xiangyu', the Northwest peony variety group's 'Shusheng Pengmo' or 'Zihelian', the Jiangnan peony variety group's 'Quehao' or 'Fengdanbai', the Southwest peony variety group's 'Taipinghong' or 'Pengzhouzi', the French peony variety group's 'Jin Ge' or 'Jin Huang', the American peony variety group's 'Hai Huang' or 'China Dragon', and the Japanese peony variety group's 'Hua Wang' or 'Lianhe'.

[0021] The inventors unexpectedly discovered that by spraying specific types of exogenous hormones on peony pods, the yield and quality of peony seeds can be increased and improved. The number of seeds in the obtained peony pods is greatly increased, and the peony seeds are significantly enlarged. This may be because the application of exogenous hormones can effectively regulate the balance of endogenous hormones, increase the number of seeds per peony plant, and improve the plumpness of the seeds, thereby improving the overall yield and quality of peony seeds.

[0022] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The invention promotes the production and growth of peony seeds by spraying specific exogenous hormones, gibberellins or brassinolide, on peony pods after pollination, greatly increases the number of normal peony seeds, reduces the number of aborted seeds, and improves the plumpness of seeds. After treatment with spraying gibberellins GA3 or brassinolide BR, the number of normal seeds increases by more than 50%, and the number of normal seeds can be several times that of a blank control group; the number of aborted seeds is reduced by more than 20%, thereby promoting the increase of peony seed yield.

[0024] The method of the present invention increases the size of peony seeds, significantly increases the length and width of the seeds, and improves the plumpness of the seeds, thereby improving the quality of the peony seeds.

[0025] The present invention is simple to operate and easy to promote. It changes the original method of promoting yield increase by requiring concentrated large-scale fertilization and consuming manpower into an exogenous hormone spraying treatment method that is more cost-effective and easy to operate and promote. It effectively avoids the environmental pollution problem easily caused by large-scale fertilization and reduces production costs, which is of great significance to promoting the industrialization development of peony. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of the number of mature peonies seeds in Examples 1-3 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1-3 119 days after spraying with different concentrations of GA3.

[0027] Figure 2 The figure is a comparison of the number of mature peonies seeds in Examples 4-6 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1-3 119 days after spraying different concentrations of BR. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these descriptions are merely exemplary and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of the present invention. Various obvious modifications and changes to the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention.

[0029] The experiment was conducted in the peony nursery of Chenshan Botanical Garden, Songjiang, Shanghai, China.

[0030] Examples and Comparative Examples

[0031] A method for increasing peony seed yield and quality includes spraying the pods of the entire peony plant with different exogenous hormone solutions or a control solution for two consecutive days from the day after pollination to seven days after pollination. Spraying is continued until droplets of liquid drip from the pods. The spraying is repeated once daily for two consecutive days. The control groups are distilled water, chlormequat chloride (CCC), and brassinolide (BRZ), respectively.

[0032] Specific information on the types and concentrations of exogenous hormones is shown in Table 1. Five plants with basically the same growth characteristics were selected for each treatment, and other management measures were consistent among the treatment groups.

[0033] Table 1: Types and concentrations of exogenous hormones

[0034] serial number Types of exogenous hormones Exogenous hormone solution concentration Example 1 Gibberellic acid GA3 5mg / L Example 2 Gibberellic acid GA3 10mg / L Example 3 Gibberellic acid GA3 15mg / L Example 4 Brassinosteroid BR 0.15mg / L Example 5 Brassinosteroid BR 0.2mg / L Example 6 Brassinosteroid BR 0.3mg / L Comparative Example 1 Blank control / Comparative Example 2 Chlormequat CCC 10mg / L Comparative Example 3 Brassinolide BRZ 0.2mg / L

[0035] Among them, the preparation method of exogenous hormone solution is:

[0036] Preparation of 5 mg / L, 10 mg / L or 15 mg / L gibberellin GA3 solution: weigh 5 mg, 10 mg or 15 mg of GA3 powder respectively, add 5 mL, 10 mL or 15 mL of ethanol to dissolve, and add water to make up to 1 L, shake well and use.

[0037] Preparation of 0.15 mg / L, 0.2 mg / L or 0.3 mg / L brassinolide BR solution: weigh 0.15 mg, 0.2 mg or 0.3 mg of BR powder respectively, dissolve in 10 mL of ethanol, add water to 1 L, shake well and use.

[0038] Preparation of 10 mg / L chlormequat CCC solution: weigh 10 mg of CCC powder, add 1 L of pure water, and stir until transparent before use.

[0039] Preparation of 0.2 mg / L brassinolide BRZ solution: weigh 0.2 mg of BRZ powder, dissolve it in 1 mL of ethanol, and add water to make up to 1 L. Shake well before use.

[0040] Experimental analysis:

[0041] 1. Effects of exogenous hormones on peony seed quantity

[0042] On the 119th day after spraying, mature fruits and seeds of peony were collected. Figure 1-2 , 5 pods of similar size were selected for each treatment, and the number of normal and aborted seeds was counted. The results are shown in Table 2:

[0043] Table 2: Effects of exogenous hormone treatment on the number of tree peony seeds

[0044]

[0045] As shown in Table 2, the exogenous hormone treatments in Examples 1-6 of the present invention were significantly different from those in Comparative Examples 1-3. After spraying 10-15 mg / L of gibberellin GA3, the number of normal seeds harvested was 1.5-4 times that of the blank control group, and the number of aborted seeds decreased by 20%-40%. After spraying 0.2-0.3 mg / L of brassinolide BR, the number of normal seeds harvested was 1.5-3.5 times that of the blank control group, and the number of aborted seeds decreased by 10%-30%. The best results were achieved with either 10 mg / L of gibberellin GA3 or 0.2 mg / L of brassinolide BR alone. The number of normal seeds after spraying 10 mg / L of gibberellin GA3 was 4 times that of the blank control group, and the number of aborted seeds decreased by 41%. The number of normal seeds after spraying 0.2 mg / L of brassinolide BR was 3.5 times that of the blank control group, and the number of aborted seeds decreased by 32%.

[0046] The results showed that spraying gibberellin GA3 or brassinolide BR could increase the number of normal seeds and reduce seed abortion, thereby improving the yield of peony seeds. The optimal concentrations were 10 mg / L gibberellin GA3 solution and 0.2 mg / L brassinolide BR solution.

[0047] 2. Effects of exogenous hormones on peony seed length and width

[0048] On the 119th day after spraying, mature peony fruits and seeds were collected and the changes in seed length and width were counted. The results are shown in Table 3:

[0049] Table 3: Effects of exogenous hormone treatment on the length and width of peony seeds

[0050]

[0051] The data in Table 3 show that treatment with Examples 1-6 of the present invention significantly increased seed length and width. After spraying with 10-15 mg / L of gibberellin GA3, normal seeds harvested increased in length by 10%-20% and in width by 20%-40% compared to the blank control group. Alternatively, after spraying with 0.2-0.3 mg / L of brassinolide BR, normal seeds harvested increased in length by 6%-20% and in width by 3%-40% compared to the blank control group. Among them, the effect of spraying 10 mg / L gibberellin GA3 or 0.2 mg / L brassinolide BR was the most obvious, that is, the length of normal seeds after spraying 10 mg / L gibberellin GA3 increased by 28% compared with the blank control group, and its width increased by 44.7% compared with the blank control group; or the length of normal seeds after spraying 0.2 mg / L brassinolide BR increased by 20.5% compared with the blank control group, and its width increased by 41% compared with the blank control group; at the same time, the seeds obtained after spraying 10 mg / L gibberellin GA3 or 0.2 mg / L brassinolide BR were fuller as a whole, and the overall seed quality was greatly improved.

[0052] It shows that through the treatment of the present invention, spraying gibberellin GA3 or brassinolide BR solution can significantly increase the length and width of seeds, obtain peony seeds with better quality, and thus improve the quality of peony seeds.

[0053] It can be seen that the present invention can further effectively promote the yield and quality of peony seeds. Therefore, the use of this technology in production can greatly improve the yield and quality of peony seeds, increase production efficiency, and help promote the industrialization development of seed (oil) peonies.

Claims

1. A method for increasing the yield and improving the quality of peony seeds, comprising the following steps: After the peony is pollinated, spray the fruit pods of the peony plant with exogenous hormone gibberellin GA3 solution or brassinolide BR solution until liquid droplets drip off.

2. The method for increasing yield and improving quality of peony seeds according to claim 1, wherein: The concentration of the gibberellin GA3 solution is 5-15 mg / L, preferably 10-15 mg / L.

3. The method for improving peony seed yield and quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the brassinolide BR solution is 0.15-0.3 mg / L, preferably 0.2-0.3 mg / L.

4. The method for increasing the yield and improving the quality of peony seeds according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: During the preparation of the gibberellin GA3 solution or brassinolide BR solution, the required gibberellin GA3 or brassinolide BR is weighed, the solute is first dissolved in ethanol, and then water is added to make up the volume.

5. The method for increasing yield and improving quality of peony seeds according to claim 1, wherein: The frequency of spraying the exogenous hormones onto the fruit pods of the peony plants is once a day for two consecutive days.

6. The method for increasing yield and improving quality of peony seeds according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The timing for spraying the exogenous hormones on the fruit pods of the peony plants is from the next day to seven days after the peony completes pollination.

7. The method for increasing the yield and improving the quality of peony seeds according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The peony is a wild peony or a cultivated peony.

8. The method for increasing the yield and improving the quality of peony seeds according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wild peony is selected from Paeonia ostii, P. jishanensis, P. qiui, purple-spotted peony P.rockii, Sichuan peony P.decomposita, Central Plains peony P. cathayana, P.ludlowii and P.delavayi.

9. The method for increasing the yield and improving the quality of peony seeds according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cultivated peony is selected from the Central Plains peony variety group, the Northwest peony variety group, the Jiangnan peony variety group, the Southwest peony variety group, the French peony variety group, the American peony variety group and the Japanese peony variety group.

10. The method for increasing the yield and improving the quality of peony seeds according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cultivated peony is selected from 'Luoyang Red' or 'Xiangyu' in the Central Plains peony variety group, 'Shusheng Pengmo' or 'Zihelian' in the Northwest peony variety group, 'Quehao' or 'Fengdanbai' in the Jiangnan peony variety group, 'Taipinghong' or 'Pengzhouzi' in the Southwest peony variety group, 'Jin Ge' or 'Jinhuang' in the French peony variety group, 'Haihuang' or 'China Dragon' in the American peony variety group, and 'Hua Wang' or 'Lianhe' in the Japanese peony variety group.

Images