No-tillage air suction precision seeder

Abstract

The application discloses a no-tillage air suction type precision seeder and relates to the conveying field of agricultural machinery. The seeder is provided with a plurality of fertilizer application units. The fertilizer application unit comprises a fertilizer box, a fertilizer distributor, an adapter pipe and a fertilizer application pipe. The fertilizer distributor comprises a shell, a fertilizer discharge groove wheel and a fertilizer discharge tongue. The adapter pipe is internally provided with a driving ring. The discharge port is internally rotatably provided with a driven ring. A plurality of first ropes are connected between the driving ring and the driven ring. A plurality of second ropes are connected between the driven ring and the internal side wall of the fertilizer distributor. The driving ring is self-rotated to rotate and wind the first ropes, thereby driving the driven ring to rotate. The rotation of the driven ring rotates and winds the second ropes, thereby crushing the clogged fertilizer at the connection between the fertilizer distributor and the adapter pipe. The application can monitor the fertilizer flow state in real time. The driving ring drives the first ropes and the second ropes to drive the driven ring to rotate, thereby crushing the caked fertilizer at the connection between the fertilizer distributor and the adapter pipe in real time, and reducing the risk of blockage.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, in particular to a no-tillage air-suction precision seeder. BACKGROUND

[0002] The no-tillage air-suction precision seeder is a commonly used agricultural machinery device, which can be used in combination with a tractor, is suitable for sowing of various crops such as corn, soybean and sorghum, uses an air-suction seed metering device to adsorb seeds by negative pressure, has high sowing precision, low rates of over-sowing and missing-sowing, and can effectively reduce seed cost. The seeder can operate on uncultivated land, and can complete multiple functions such as stubble breaking, fertilization, furrowing, sowing, soil covering and soil pressing at one time, thereby saving land preparation cost and having good soil conservation effect.

[0003] In terms of fertilization function implementation, the seeder precisely controls fertilization depth by means of a large-diameter fertilization furrowing disc or a shovel furrow opener, and flexibly adjusts fertilization amount by means of a fertilizer distributor. However, the connection part of the fertilizer distributor and the fertilizer pipe is often blocked, and the fertilizer distributor needs to be disassembled for cleaning. The main reasons for the blockage are as follows: firstly, the connection part of the fertilizer distributor and the fertilizer pipe is a reduced-diameter structure, which is easy to cause retention of fertilizer; and secondly, strong hygroscopicity of the fertilizer (such as urea) is easy to cause caking after being damp, and the caked fertilizer is accumulated at the discharge port of the fertilizer distributor to form blockage. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application is proposed to solve the problems in the background art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The no-tillage air-suction precision seeder comprises a seeder, a plurality of fertilization units are arranged on the seeder, each fertilization unit comprises a fertilizer box, a fertilizer distributor, an adapter pipe and a fertilizer pipe, the fertilizer box is fixedly installed on the seeder, the fertilizer distributor comprises a shell and a fertilizer slot wheel and a fertilizer tongue arranged in the shell, the shell is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fertilizer box, a feeding port is arranged at the top of the shell and communicates with the fertilizer box, and a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the shell and is fixedly connected with the adapter pipe;

[0007] The lower end of the adapter pipe is fixedly connected with the fertilizer pipe, a driving ring is coaxially installed in the adapter pipe, the driving ring is driven to rotate by a motor, the discharge port is rotatably installed with a driven ring, a plurality of first ropes are connected between the driving ring and the driven ring, a plurality of second ropes are connected between the driven ring and the inner side wall of the fertilizer distributor, the rotation of the driving ring drives the first ropes to rotate and wind, thereby driving the driven ring to rotate, the rotation of the driven ring drives the second ropes to rotate and wind, and the caked fertilizer at the connection part of the fertilizer distributor and the adapter pipe is stirred and broken by the rotation and winding of the first ropes and the second ropes.

[0008] As a further scheme of the present application, the driven ring is coaxially arranged with the driving ring, two groups of rope winding devices are fixed on the inner wall of the driven ring in a circumferential direction, one group of the rope winding devices faces the driving ring and corresponds in number to the first rope, and is used for winding one end of the first rope, and the other end of the first rope is fixedly connected with the driving ring;

[0009] The other group of the rope winding devices faces the fertilizer distributor and corresponds in number to the second rope, and is used for winding one end of the second rope, and the other end of the second rope is fixed on the inner wall of the fertilizer distributor.

[0010] As a further scheme of the present application, a central shaft is rotatably arranged in the rope winding device, the first rope and the second rope are wound on the central shaft and fixedly connected with the central shaft at the ends, and a winding spring is arranged in the central shaft, the rotation of the central shaft is controlled by the winding spring, and the winding and unwinding of the first rope and the second rope are realized.

[0011] As a further scheme of the present application, the rope is a steel wire rope, and a tension sensor is arranged on the central shaft of the rope winding device.

[0012] As a further scheme of the present application, the driving ring is provided with an impeller on the side facing the fertilizer pipe, the impeller is arranged at the central position of the driving ring, and the impeller is fixedly connected with the driving ring through a connecting rod;

[0013] The connecting rod is provided with a photoelectric sensor.

[0014] As a further scheme of the present application, a first groove is arranged on the inner wall of the adapter pipe, and the driving ring is embeddedly arranged in the first groove.

[0015] The inner diameter of the driving ring is the same as the inner diameter of the adapter pipe and the inner diameter of the fertilizer pipe.

[0016] As a further scheme of the present application, the circumferential outer wall of the driving ring is provided with meshing teeth, the meshing teeth are engaged with a driving gear, the driving gear is connected with a motor, the motor controls the rotation of the driving gear, thereby driving the driving ring to rotate.

[0017] As a further scheme of the present application, the shell is composed of an upper shell and a lower shell, the upper shell is fixedly connected with the fertilizer box, and the lower shell is connected with the adapter pipe.

[0018] The upper shell and the lower shell are rotatably hinged at the lower parts and are integrally formed by being fixed by bolts at the upper parts, and the fertilizer distributing groove and the fertilizer distributing tongue are located in the upper shell.

[0019] As a further scheme of the present application, the upper shell and the lower shell are both fixedly connected with two symmetrical split shells.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages that the application can monitor the fertilizer flow state in real time, drive the driven ring to rotate through the first rope and the second rope driven by the driving ring, real-time crush the caked fertilizer at the connection between the fertilizer discharger and the adapter pipe, reduce the risk of blockage, avoid the risk of shutdown cleaning, improve the operation continuity, and the shell adopts the modular design of hinged and bolted connection, and the split shell structure facilitates disassembly and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application;

[0022] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at A in the application;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fertilizer application unit of the application;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the fertilizer discharger, the adapter pipe and the fertilizer application pipe of the application;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fertilizer discharger and the adapter pipe of the application;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first rope and the second rope of the application;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the driving ring of the application;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the driven ring of the application;

[0029] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rope winding device of the application;

[0030] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rope winding device of the application.

[0031] In the figure: 100, seeder; 101, fertilizer application unit; 102, fertilizer tank; 103, fertilizer discharger; 104, adapter pipe; 105, fertilizer application pipe; 106, shell; 107, fertilizer discharge groove wheel; 108, fertilizer discharge tongue; 109, feeding port; 110, discharging port; 111, driving ring; 112, motor; 113, driven ring; 114, first rope; 115, second rope; 116, rope winding device; 117, central shaft; 118, coil spring; 119, impeller; 120, connecting rod; 121, first ring groove; 122, second ring groove; 123, meshing tooth; 124, driving gear; 125, upper shell; 126, lower shell; 127, split shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] With reference to Figures 1 to 10 The no-tillage air suction precision seeder comprises a seeder 100, a plurality of fertilizer application units 101 are installed on the seeder 100, each fertilizer application unit 101 comprises a fertilizer box 102, a fertilizer discharger 103, an adapter pipe 104 and a fertilizer application pipe 105, wherein the fertilizer box 102 is stably installed on the seeder 100 by welding or bolt connection, and is used for storing fertilizer.

[0034] The fertilizer discharger 103 is composed of a shell 106, a fertilizer discharge groove wheel 107 and a fertilizer discharge tongue 108. The shell 106 is fixed to the bottom of the fertilizer box 102, an inlet 109 is formed in the top of the shell 106 and is in communication with the inside of the fertilizer box 102, so that the fertilizer can smoothly enter the fertilizer discharger 103; and a discharge port 110 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 106 and is connected with the adapter pipe 104 by flange or thread fixing.

[0035] With reference to Figures 1 to 6 The shell 106 adopts a split design and is composed of an upper shell 125 and a lower shell 126. The lower parts of the upper shell 125 and the lower shell 126 are connected by a rotary hinged structure, so that the lower shell 126 can rotate around the hinged point. The upper parts of the upper shell 125 and the lower shell 126 are fixed by bolts and are integrated. When it is necessary to clean the inside of the fertilizer discharger 103, the bolts at the upper fixing parts of the upper shell 125 and the lower shell 126 can be directly screwed, and then the lower shell 126 is rotated downward to be opened, so that the inside of the upper shell 125 and the lower shell 126 is exposed, and the operator can clean conveniently.

[0036] Meanwhile, the upper shell 125 and the lower shell 126 are respectively fixed and connected by two symmetrical split shells 127. This modular design facilitates quick disassembly of the shell 106 when necessary, and facilitates maintenance and cleaning of the fertilizer discharge groove wheel 107 and the fertilizer discharge tongue 108 in the inside of the shell 106, and also facilitates production.

[0037] The fertilizer discharge groove wheel 107 and the fertilizer discharge tongue 108 are arranged in the inside of the upper shell 125. The fertilizer discharge groove wheel 107 rotates under the driving of power to convey the fertilizer from the inlet 109 to the discharge port 110. The fertilizer discharge tongue 108 plays a role in controlling the flow and direction of the fertilizer.

[0038] With reference to Figures 1 to 10The lower end of the adapter pipe 104 is fixedly connected with the fertilizer pipe 105, and the inside of the adapter pipe 104 is coaxially provided with a driving ring 111. Specifically, a first ring groove 121 is pre-formed on the inner wall of the adapter pipe 104, and the driving ring 111 is embeddedly arranged in the first ring groove 121. The inner diameter of the driving ring 111 is the same as the inner diameter of the adapter pipe 104 and the fertilizer pipe 105, so as to form a smooth fertilizer conveying channel, thereby avoiding the occurrence of a reduced section to hinder the flow of fertilizer (the fertilizer pipe 105 is a flexible hose, and during the driving of the seeding machine 100, the internal materials are conveyed to the furrowing disc of the seeding machine 100 by means of gravity and mechanical shaking).

[0039] The driving ring 111 is driven to rotate by a motor 112. The outer circumferential side wall of the driving ring 111 is provided with a meshing tooth 123, which is engaged with a driving gear 124. The driving gear 124 is arranged on the output shaft of the motor 112. When the motor 112 operates, the driving gear 124 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the driving ring 111 to rotate.

[0040] A impeller 119 is fixedly arranged on the center position of the side of the driving ring 111 facing the fertilizer pipe 105 through a connecting rod 120. During the rotation of the driving ring 111, the impeller 119 is driven to rotate, so as to crush the fertilizer before the fertilizer enters the fertilizer pipe 105, thereby facilitating the flow of the fertilizer through the fertilizer pipe 105. An optical sensor is further arranged on the connecting rod 120. When the fertilizer flows normally, the optical sensor is blocked, and a change signal of the light of the optical sensor is generated. If the fertilizer is blocked and stops flowing, the signal of the optical sensor does not change. At this time, the system can determine that the blockage occurs, and the driving ring 111 is started to process (in addition, the fertilizer passing through the impeller 119 can generate pressure on the impeller 119, and therefore, a pressure sensor is arranged on the impeller 119, which can also be used to detect the flow of the fertilizer).

[0041] A driven ring 113 is rotatably arranged in the discharge port 110. A second ring groove 122 is formed on the inner wall of the discharge port 110, and the driven ring 113 is embeddedly arranged in the second ring groove 122. The driving ring 111 and the driven ring 113 are connected by a plurality of first ropes 114, and the driven ring 113 and the inner side wall of the fertilizer distributor 103 are connected by a plurality of second ropes 115. Two groups of rope winding devices 116 are fixedly arranged on the inner circumferential side wall of the driven ring 113. One group of the rope winding devices 116 faces the driving ring 111, and the number of the rope winding devices 116 matches the number of the first ropes 114, so as to wind one end of the first ropes 114. The other end of the first ropes 114 is fixed to the driving ring 111.

[0042] The other group of the rope winding devices 116 faces the fertilizer distributor 103, and the number of the rope winding devices 116 corresponds to the number of the second ropes 115, so as to wind one end of the second ropes 115. The other end of the second ropes 115 is fixed to the inner side wall of the fertilizer distributor 103.

[0043] The center shaft 117 is rotatably installed in the rope winding device 116, the first winding rope 114 and the second winding rope 115 are wound on the center shaft 117 and the ends thereof are fixedly connected with the center shaft 117, the center shaft 117 is internally provided with a winding spring 118, in a normal state, the winding spring 118 maintains a certain pre-tightening force, so that the first winding rope 114 and the second winding rope 115 are in a taut state and do not affect the flow of the fertilizer; when a blockage occurs, the driving ring 111 rotates, the first winding rope 114 rotates and winds, the driven ring 113 rotates, the second winding rope 115 rotates and winds, and then the caked fertilizer that may occur at the connection between the fertilizer discharger 103 and the adapter pipe 104 is crushed (in the process of rotating and winding of the first winding rope 114 and the second winding rope 115, the rope winding device 116 gradually releases a certain length of the first winding rope 114 and the second winding rope 115).

[0044] The tension sensor installed on the center shaft 117 of the rope winding device 116 monitors the tension state of the first winding rope 114 and the second winding rope 115 in real time, when the tension exceeds the set threshold, it indicates that the released length of the first winding rope 114 and the second winding rope 115 reaches the limit, then the driving ring 111 can be driven to rotate reversely, the driving ring 111 continuously rotates forward and reversely to crush the fertilizer until the fertilizer flows normally, finally the driving ring 111 is reset, under the action of the winding spring 118, the rope winding device 116 automatically winds the first winding rope 114 and the second winding rope 115, and the first winding rope 114 and the second winding rope 115 return to the initial state (as shown in Figure 5 The first winding rope 114 and the second winding rope 115 adopt steel wire ropes, which have high strength and good wear resistance and can withstand large tension and friction.

[0045] In summary, in the actual working process, the fertilizer enters the fertilizer discharger 103 from the fertilizer tank 102 through the feed inlet 109, is discharged from the discharge port 110 into the adapter pipe 104 through the action of the fertilizer discharge groove wheel 107 and the fertilizer discharge tongue 108, and is then applied to the soil through the fertilizer application pipe 105, in this process, the photoelectric sensor monitors the fertilizer flow state in real time, if a blockage occurs, the motor 112 is started to drive the driving ring 111 to rotate, the first winding rope 114 and the second winding rope 115 drive the driven ring 113 to rotate, and the fertilizer at the blockage is crushed, at the same time, the tension sensor feeds back the tension condition to ensure that the crushing process is stable and efficient; since the driving ring 111 and the driven ring 113 are embeddedly installed in the pipe wall, they do not occupy the fertilizer flow space in the pipe, and the fertilizer conveying channel is always kept unobstructed.

[0046] Further, the fixed connection should be understood in a broad sense unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, for example, it can be welding, or gluing, or integrally formed, and the like common means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0047] The working steps of the present application are as follows:

[0048] S1: The fertilizer is stored in the fertilizer box 102. When the seeding machine 100 is working, the fertilizer groove wheel 107 rotates under the power drive, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 102 is transported to the discharge port 110 of the fertilizer distributor 103 through the feeding port 109. The fertilizer flow and direction are controlled by the fertilizer tongue 108, so that the fertilizer is orderly discharged.

[0049] S2: After the fertilizer is discharged from the discharge port 110, it enters the adapter pipe 104. Since the driving ring 111 is embeddedly installed in the first ring groove 121 on the inner wall of the adapter pipe 104, and the inner diameter is the same as that of the adapter pipe 104 and the fertilizer application pipe 105, the fertilizer can flow smoothly in the smooth channel, and then is applied to the soil through the fertilizer application pipe 105.

[0050] S3: During the fertilizer transportation process, the photoelectric sensor on the connecting rod 120 monitors the fertilizer flow state in real time. When the fertilizer flows normally, it will block the light of the photoelectric sensor, so that it generates a change signal. If the fertilizer stops flowing, the signal no longer changes, and the system judges that a blockage occurs, and the motor 112 is started.

[0051] S4: The motor 112 operates to drive the driving gear 124 to rotate, and then the driving ring 111 starts to rotate. When the driving ring 111 rotates, the first twisted rope 114 rotates to drive the driven ring 113 to rotate, and the driven ring 113 rotates to make the second twisted rope 115 rotate, so as to crush the caked fertilizer at the connection between the fertilizer distributor 103 and the adapter pipe 104. In this process, the rope winder 116 releases a certain length of the first twisted rope 114 and the second twisted rope 115.

[0052] S5: The tension sensor on the center shaft 117 of the rope winder 116 monitors the tension state of the first twisted rope 114 and the second twisted rope 115 in real time. When the tension exceeds the set threshold value, it indicates that the length of the first twisted rope 114 and the second twisted rope 115 released reaches the limit. At this time, the driving driving ring 111 reverses rotation, and continuously crushes the fertilizer by constantly reversing, until the fertilizer flow recovers to normal.

[0053] S6: After the fertilizer flow recovers to normal, the driving ring 111 resets, and under the action of the coil spring 118, the rope winder 116 automatically winds the first twisted rope 114 and the second twisted rope 115, so as to return to the initial state, and complete the blockage processing process.

[0054] S7: Periodically clean and maintain the inside of the fertilizer distributor 103. Rotate the bolts on the upper fixed part of the upper shell 125 and the lower shell 126 downward to open the lower shell 126 and expose the internal structure. At the same time, the fertilizer groove wheel 107 and the fertilizer tongue 108 can be deeply maintained and cleaned by disassembling the split shell 127. After maintenance is completed, reassemble according to the original steps.

[0055] The above merely describes preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present application, makes equivalent replacement or change within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A no-till air-assisted precision planter comprising a planter (100), characterized in that, The seeder (100) is provided with a plurality of fertilizer application units (101), the fertilizer application unit (101) comprises a fertilizer tank (102), a fertilizer distributor (103), an adapter pipe (104) and a fertilizer application pipe (105), the fertilizer tank (102) is fixedly installed on the seeder (100), the fertilizer distributor (103) comprises a shell (106), a fertilizer discharge groove wheel (107) and a fertilizer discharge tongue (108), the shell (106) is fixed to the bottom of the fertilizer tank (102), the top of the shell (106) is provided with a feeding port (109) in communication with the fertilizer tank (102), and the bottom of the shell (106) is provided with a discharge port (110) fixedly connected with the adapter pipe (104); The lower end of the adapter pipe (104) is fixedly connected with the fertilizer application pipe (105), a driving ring (111) is coaxially installed in the adapter pipe (104), the driving ring (111) is driven to rotate by a motor (112), the discharge port (110) is rotatably installed with a driven ring (113), the driving ring (111) and the driven ring (113) are connected by a plurality of first ropes (114), the driven ring (113) and the inner side wall of the fertilizer distributor (103) are connected by a plurality of second ropes (115), when the driving ring (111) rotates, the first ropes (114) rotate to drive the driven ring (113) to rotate, the rotation of the driven ring (113) makes the second ropes (115) rotate, and then the fertilizer blocked at the connection between the fertilizer distributor (103) and the adapter pipe (104) is broken up; The driven ring (113) is coaxially arranged with the driving ring (111), two groups of rope winding devices (116) are fixedly arranged on the inner circumferential side wall of the driven ring (113), one group of the rope winding devices (116) faces the driving ring (111), the number of the one group of the rope winding devices (116) matches the number of the first ropes (114), and the one group of the rope winding devices (116) are used for winding one end of the first ropes (114), and the other end of the first ropes (114) is fixed to the driving ring (111); The other group of the rope winding devices (116) faces the fertilizer distributor (103), the number of the other group of the rope winding devices (116) corresponds to the number of the second ropes (115), and the other group of the rope winding devices (116) are used for winding one end of the second ropes (115), and the other end of the second ropes (115) is fixed to the inner side wall of the fertilizer distributor (103).

2. The no-till air-assisted precision planter of claim 1, wherein, The rope winding device (116) is rotatably installed with a central shaft (117), the first ropes (114) and the second ropes (115) are wound on the central shaft (117) and fixedly connected with the central shaft (117) at the ends, and the central shaft (117) is provided with a coil spring (118), the coil spring (118) drives the central shaft (117) to rotate through the elastic force, and the first ropes (114) and the second ropes (115) are realized to be wound and unwound.

3. The no-till air-assisted precision planter of claim 2, wherein, The first ropes (114) and the second ropes (115) are steel wires, the central shaft (117) of the rope winding device (116) is provided with a tension sensor, and the tension state of the first ropes (114) and the second ropes (115) is monitored in real time.

4. The no-till air-assisted precision planter of claim 3, wherein, The driving ring (111) is provided with an impeller (119) on one side facing the fertilizer application pipe (105), the impeller (119) is arranged at the central position of the driving ring (111) and is fixedly connected with the driving ring (111) through a connecting rod (120); The connecting rod (120) is provided with a photoelectric sensor for monitoring the fertilizer flow state.

5. The no-till air-assisted precision planter of claim 4, wherein, The inner wall of the adapter pipe (104) is provided with a first groove (121), and the driving ring (111) is embeddedly installed in the first groove (121); the inner wall of the discharge port (110) is provided with a second groove (122), and the driven ring (113) is embeddedly installed in the second groove (122). The inner diameter of the driving ring (111) is the same as the inner diameter of the adapter pipe (104) and the inner diameter of the fertilization pipe (105).

6. The no-till air-assisted precision planter of claim 5, wherein, The outer circumferential side wall of the driving ring (111) is provided with engagement teeth (123), the engagement teeth (123) are engaged with a driving gear (124), the driving gear (124) is connected with the output shaft of the motor (112), the rotation of the driving gear (124) is controlled by the motor (112), and then the driving ring (111) is driven to rotate.

7. The no-till air-assisted precision planter of claim 6, wherein, The shell (106) is composed of an upper shell (125) and a lower shell (126), the upper shell (125) is fixedly connected with the fertilizer box (102), and the lower shell (126) is connected with the adapter pipe (104). The upper shell (125) and the lower shell (126) are connected through rotary hinging at the lower part and are integrally formed through bolt fixing at the upper part, and the fertilizer discharge groove wheel (107) and the fertilizer discharge tongue (108) are arranged in the upper shell (125).

8. The no-till air seeders of claim 7, wherein, The upper shell (125) and the lower shell (126) are each composed of two symmetrically arranged sub-shells (127) through fixed connection.

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