A shallow-seeding drip irrigation technology for Leymus chinensis cultivation

Abstract

This invention discloses a shallow-sowing drip irrigation process for Leymus chinensis cultivation, belonging to the field of seedling cultivation. The invention first determines the drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup by observing the growth status of Leymus chinensis and using this growth status as a constraint. Based on the drip irrigation coefficient, the growth status of Leymus chinensis in the current seedling cup is determined. When the drip irrigation coefficient of the seedling cup is greater than the target drip irrigation coefficient, the Leymus chinensis is considered to be growing vigorously; otherwise, the growth is considered abnormal. If abnormal growth is detected, drip irrigation is first performed at a baseline water supply, and then the drip irrigation coefficient is continuously assessed. If the drip irrigation coefficient of the next cycle is less than or equal to the current drip irrigation coefficient, drip irrigation is stopped to avoid water waste. Furthermore, when the Leymus chinensis in the seedling cup is determined to be growing vigorously, the water supply coefficient of the seedling cup is determined based on the soil moisture and the temperature and humidity of the seedling room. The water supply coefficient and the drip irrigation coefficient of the seedling cup are used as control factors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to seedling cultivation, and more particularly to a shallow-sowing drip irrigation process for planting Leymus chinensis. Background Technology

[0002] Sheepgrass has abundant leaves, high nutritional value, and good palatability, making it a popular forage for various poultry year-round, and an excellent grazing pasture crop. However, the inherent characteristics of sheepgrass seeds result in a low germination rate. Insufficient or no rain after sowing further reduces the germination rate. Therefore, to improve germination and emergence, sheepgrass seedlings are typically transplanted. During seedling cultivation, the seedlings are usually raised in a nursery using drip irrigation to promote emergence. However, current drip irrigation methods for sheepgrass seedlings often employ a "unified control and irrigation" approach, which can lead to the irrigating of some dead or underdeveloped seedlings, resulting in water waste. Furthermore, different seedlings have different growth rates, and the "unified control and irrigation" method can cause uneven water distribution. Some vigorous seedlings may not receive sufficient water, hindering their growth, while weaker seedlings may receive excessive water, leading to root rot. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a shallow sowing drip irrigation process for planting sheepgrass, in order to solve the problem of uneven water supply that is easily caused by the current "unified control and irrigation" method.

[0004] Technical solution: A shallow-seeding drip irrigation process for Leymus chinensis cultivation, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Sprinkle a certain amount of sheepgrass seeds into the seedling cups, place the seedling cups with sheepgrass seeds on the seedling bed, and then install drip irrigation equipment on the seedling cups;

[0006] S2. Install humidity sensors on the seedling cups to detect soil moisture, and install temperature and humidity sensors in the seedling room to detect the temperature and humidity in the seedling room.

[0007] S3. The growth of sheepgrass in the seedling cups is photographed by the monitoring equipment in the seedling room, and the germination rate of each seedling cup and the growth height change of sheepgrass in each seedling cup in each growth cycle are identified by the CNN recognition algorithm.

[0008] S4. Using germination rate and growth height variation parameters in each growth cycle as analytical factors and normalizing them, the drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup can be obtained.

[0009] S5. Then compare the drip irrigation coefficient of each seedling cup with the target drip irrigation coefficient. If the drip irrigation coefficient of the seedling cup is greater than the target drip irrigation coefficient, it is judged that the sheep grass in the seedling cup is growing well; otherwise, it is judged that the sheep grass in the seedling cup is growing abnormally.

[0010] S6. When it is determined that the sheepgrass in the seedling cup is growing well, the parameters obtained in step S2 are used as analysis factors and normalized to determine the drip irrigation coefficient of each seedling cup.

[0011] S7. Using the drip irrigation coefficient obtained in step S4 and the drip irrigation water supply coefficient obtained in step S6 as control factors, the drip irrigation water supply of each seedling cup is determined by the control factors and the baseline water supply, and the sheep grass in the seedling cup is drip irrigated by the determined drip irrigation water supply.

[0012] Preferably, the seedbed is divided into three layers, with each layer containing seedling cups of different sizes, which are 8×8cm, 10×18cm, or 15×15cm.

[0013] Preferably, in obtaining the drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup, the germination rate of Leymus chinensis seeds in each seedling cup and the height change in each growth cycle after germination are used as key analytical factors. After normalizing the key analytical factors, the drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup can be obtained. K d for:

[0014] ;

[0015] in, α These are the weighting coefficients. G r The current germination rate, β This is the growth sensitivity coefficient. H t This is the current plant height. H t-1 This represents the plant height from the previous cycle.

[0016] Preferably, when it is determined that the sheepgrass in the seedling cup is developing abnormally, watering is continued at the benchmark watering rate. Then, the drip irrigation coefficient of the seedling cup obtained in the next cycle is compared with the drip irrigation coefficient of the current seedling cup. If the drip irrigation coefficient of the seedling cup in the next cycle is less than or equal to the drip irrigation coefficient of the current seedling cup, watering of the seedling cup is stopped.

[0017] Preferably, in determining the drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup, the soil moisture in the seedling cup, and the temperature and humidity of the seedling room environment are used as key analytical factors. After normalizing the key analytical factors, the drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup can be determined. Kw for:

[0018] ;

[0019] in, γ The temperature and humidity coupling coefficient is... RH For ambient relative humidity, T For ambient temperature, T opt The optimal temperature for crop growth. δ Soil moisture weighting coefficient θ soil This refers to the volumetric water content of the soil in the seedling cup.

[0020] Preferably, when determining the final drip irrigation water volume in each seedling cup, the following applies:

[0021] ;

[0022] in, Q The final determined drip irrigation water volume for each seedling cup. Q base This is the baseline water supply for drip irrigation. K w This is the drip irrigation water supply coefficient. K d The drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup is determined; after determining the final drip irrigation water volume for each seedling cup, the seedling cup is drip-irrigated with water according to a preset timer program, or automatically drip-irrigated with water when the soil moisture detected by the humidity sensor on the seedling cup is lower than the threshold.

[0023] Preferably, the process also includes a remote connection module that can connect to the terminal device of the management personnel to realize human-computer interaction. Specifically, it can feed back the temperature and humidity information of the seedling room and the soil moisture information of the seedling cups to the terminal device of the management personnel, and the management personnel can control the drip irrigation equipment through the terminal device.

[0024] Beneficial effects: This invention first determines the drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup by observing the growth of Leymus chinensis and using this growth as a constraint. Based on the drip irrigation coefficient, the growth status of Leymus chinensis in the current seedling cup is determined. When the drip irrigation coefficient of the seedling cup is greater than the target drip irrigation coefficient, it is judged that the Leymus chinensis is growing vigorously; otherwise, it is judged that the Leymus chinensis is growing abnormally. After the Leymus chinensis grows abnormally, drip irrigation is first carried out at the benchmark water supply, and then the drip irrigation coefficient is judged again. When the drip irrigation coefficient of the next cycle is less than or equal to the current drip irrigation coefficient, drip irrigation is stopped to avoid water waste. In addition, once it is determined that the sheepgrass in the seedling cups is growing vigorously, the water supply coefficient of the seedling cups is determined based on the soil moisture and the temperature and humidity in the seedling room. The water supply coefficient and the drip irrigation coefficient of the seedling cups are used as control factors to adjust the baseline water supply, thereby determining the final drip irrigation water supply of the seedling cups. This allows for dynamic determination of the drip irrigation water supply based on the condition of each seedling cup, avoiding uneven water supply caused by "unified control and irrigation", which could affect the normal growth of sheepgrass. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the relationship between the drip irrigation coefficient and the analytical factors;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the relationship between the drip irrigation water supply coefficient and the analytical factors. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Example:

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a shallow-seeding drip irrigation process for Leymus chinensis includes:

[0031] First, a certain amount of Leymus chinensis seeds are sown into seedling cups with dimensions of 8×8cm, 10×18cm, or 15×15cm. These seedling cups are then placed on a three-tiered fish fry bed. Drip irrigation equipment and humidity sensors are installed on the seedling cups, with the sensor probes inserted into the soil to detect soil moisture. Simultaneously, temperature and humidity sensors are installed in the seedling room to monitor temperature and humidity. Furthermore, monitoring equipment is installed in the seedling room to photograph the growth of Leymus chinensis in each seedling cup. A CNN (Conceptual Recognition) algorithm is used to identify germinating seeds in each seedling cup (CNN is a mature technology, and its techniques are well-known to those skilled in the art; therefore, the specific identification techniques will not be elaborated here). The germination rate of each seedling cup can be obtained by analyzing the number of seeds sown and the number of identified germinated seeds. The system also tracks the growth height changes of Leymus chinensis in each seedling cup during each growth cycle (set by the administrator).

[0032] Then, using the germination rate of sheepgrass seeds in each seedling cup and the height change in each growth cycle after germination as key analytical factors, and after normalizing the key analytical factors, the drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup can be obtained. K d for:

[0033] ;

[0034] in, α The weighting coefficient is used to adjust the weight of the germination rate on water demand. This coefficient is calibrated through experiments. G r This represents the current germination rate (number of germinated seeds / total number of seeds). β The growth sensitivity coefficient is the sensitivity of plant height to water requirement, and this coefficient was calibrated experimentally. H t This represents the current plant height. H t-1 Plant height from the previous cycle. Drip irrigation coefficient. K d The relationship between plant height changes and germination rate is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in (a), after the Leymus chinensis in the seedling cups germinated, the water demand increased with the increase of germination rate and plant height change rate, indicating that the more vigorous the growth of Leymus chinensis, the higher its water requirement. Furthermore, according to... Figure 2 As shown in (b), the higher the germination rate, the greater the change in the drip irrigation coefficient with the increase in the rate of change of plant height, which further indicates that the more vigorous the growth of Leymus chinensis, the higher its water demand.

[0035] The drip irrigation coefficient of each seedling cup is compared with the target drip irrigation coefficient (which is determined by the manager based on planting management experience). If the drip irrigation coefficient of the seedling cup is greater than the target drip irrigation coefficient, it is judged that the Leymus chinensis in the seedling cup is growing well; otherwise, it is judged that the Leymus chinensis in the seedling cup is growing abnormally. When it is judged that the Leymus chinensis in the seedling cup is growing abnormally, watering is continued at the baseline watering rate. Then, the drip irrigation coefficient of the seedling cup obtained in the next cycle is compared with the drip irrigation coefficient of the current seedling cup. If the drip irrigation coefficient of the seedling cup in the next cycle is less than or equal to the drip irrigation coefficient of the current seedling cup, watering of the seedling cup is stopped.

[0036] Once it is determined that the Leymus chinensis in the seedling cups is growing well, the soil moisture in the seedling cups, and the temperature and humidity of the seedling room environment are used as key analytical factors. After normalizing the key analytical factors, the drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup can be determined. K w for:

[0037] ;

[0038] in, γ This is the temperature-humidity coupling coefficient, representing the combined effect of air dryness and temperature on transpiration. This coefficient was calibrated experimentally, with a default value of 0.4. RH This refers to the relative humidity of the environment. T The ambient temperature. T opt This is the optimal temperature for crop growth. δ This is the soil moisture weighting coefficient, which represents the urgency of irrigation in relation to soil water shortage. This coefficient is obtained through simulation using a soil hydraulics model. θ soil This refers to the volumetric water content of the soil in the seedling cup. (Drip irrigation water supply coefficient) K w The relationship between soil moisture and environmental temperature and humidity is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 (a) indicates that under constant environmental humidity, the drip irrigation water supply coefficient gradually increases as soil moisture decreases and environmental temperature increases. This indicates that when soil moisture is insufficient and environmental temperature rises, more water evaporates from the soil, so it is necessary to increase the drip irrigation water supply coefficient to increase the drip irrigation water supply and ensure the growth and development of Leymus chinensis. Conversely, when soil moisture is sufficient and temperature is low, soil moisture evaporation is low, so it is not necessary to increase the drip irrigation water supply coefficient to increase the drip irrigation water supply. Figure 3 (b) shows that, at a constant ambient temperature, the drip irrigation water supply coefficient gradually increases as soil moisture and ambient humidity decrease, indicating that soil moisture and ambient humidity jointly affect the drip irrigation water supply coefficient. Furthermore, at a constant ambient humidity, the relationship between soil moisture changes and the drip irrigation water supply coefficient at different temperatures is as follows: Figure 3 As shown in (c). Under constant soil moisture, the changes in ambient temperature and drip irrigation coefficient under different ambient humidity levels are as follows: Figure 3 As shown in (d).

[0039] The above α, β, δ Different values ​​were taken at different growth stages of Leymus chinensis in the seedling cups, as detailed below:

[0040]

[0041] Finally, using the drip irrigation coefficient and drip irrigation water supply coefficient as control factors, the drip irrigation water supply for each seedling cup was determined by comparing the control factors with the baseline water supply. Q :

[0042] ;

[0043] in, Q base This serves as the baseline water supply for drip irrigation. By coordinating the drip irrigation coefficient and the drip irrigation water supply coefficient, a single factor can be avoided from dominating the process. For example, even when growth is vigorous but the soil is moist, the drip irrigation water supply will not increase dramatically. Then, according to a preset timer program, drip irrigation can be performed on the sheepgrass in the seedling cups at regular intervals, or automatically when the soil moisture detected by the humidity sensor on the seedling cups falls below a threshold.

[0044] Taking the growth of Leymus chinensis in a 10×18cm seedling cup on a seedbed as an example, the monitoring data of Leymus chinensis in the seedling cup on the 10th day (seedling stage) is as follows: G r =85%、H t =12cm, H t-1 =10cm, RH=45%, T=28℃, θ soil =70%、T opt = 25℃、Q base =50ml .

[0045] The drip irrigation coefficient of this seedling cup K d for:

[0046] ;

[0047] The seedling cup K d =0.605 The target drip irrigation coefficient is 0.45, indicating that the Leymus chinensis in the seedling cup is growing well and vigorously. Then, the drip irrigation coefficient for this seedling cup is determined. Kw for:

[0048] ;

[0049] Finally, using the drip irrigation coefficient K d and drip irrigation water supply coefficient K w Combined with the benchmark water supply Q base The final drip irrigation volume Q of the controlled seedling cup is: Q = 0.605 × 0.426 × 50 ≈ 12.9 ml. This drip irrigation volume of 12.9 ml represents a 74.2% reduction compared to the baseline value. This reflects water-saving optimization under conditions of sufficient environmental humidity and soil moisture content, avoiding water waste caused by centralized irrigation. Furthermore, it ensures even water distribution, preventing excessive watering of the seedling cups containing less water, which can lead to poor root respiration and root rot.

[0050] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A shallow-sowing drip irrigation process for planting Leymus chinensis, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Sprinkle a certain amount of sheepgrass seeds into the seedling cups, place the seedling cups with sheepgrass seeds on the seedling bed, and then install drip irrigation equipment on the seedling cups; S2. Install humidity sensors on the seedling cups to detect soil moisture, and install temperature and humidity sensors in the seedling room to detect the temperature and humidity in the seedling room. S3. The growth of sheepgrass in the seedling cups is photographed by the monitoring equipment in the seedling room, and the germination rate of each seedling cup and the growth height change of sheepgrass in each seedling cup in each growth cycle are identified by the CNN recognition algorithm. S4. Using germination rate and height variation in each growth cycle as analytical factors and normalizing them, the drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup can be obtained. In obtaining the drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup, the germination rate of the sheepgrass seeds and the height variation in each growth cycle after germination are used as key analytical factors. After normalizing these key analytical factors, the drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup can be obtained. K d for: ； in, α These are the weighting coefficients. G r The current germination rate, β This is the growth sensitivity coefficient. H t This is the current plant height. H t-1 This represents the plant height from the previous cycle; S5. Then compare the drip irrigation coefficient of each seedling cup with the target drip irrigation coefficient. If the drip irrigation coefficient of the seedling cup is greater than the target drip irrigation coefficient, it is judged that the sheep grass in the seedling cup is growing well; otherwise, it is judged that the sheep grass in the seedling cup is growing abnormally. S6. When it is determined that the *Leymus chinensis* in the seedling cups is growing well, the parameters obtained in step S2 are used as analytical factors and normalized to determine the drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup. In determining the drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup, the soil moisture in the seedling cup, and the temperature and humidity of the seedling room are used as key analytical factors. After normalizing these key analytical factors, the drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup can be determined. K w for: ； in, γ The temperature and humidity coupling coefficient is... RH For ambient relative humidity, T For ambient temperature, T opt The optimal temperature for crop growth. δ Soil moisture weighting coefficient θ soil This refers to the volumetric water content of the soil in the seedling cup; S7. Using the drip irrigation coefficient obtained in step S4 and the drip irrigation water supply coefficient obtained in step S6 as control factors, determine the drip irrigation water supply for each seedling cup through the control factors and the baseline water supply, and drip irrigate the sheepgrass in the seedling cups according to the determined drip irrigation water supply; when determining the final drip irrigation water supply in each seedling cup, we have: ； in, Q The final determined drip irrigation water volume for each seedling cup. Q base This is the baseline water supply for drip irrigation. K w This is the drip irrigation water supply coefficient. K d The drip irrigation coefficient for each seedling cup is determined; after determining the final drip irrigation water volume for each seedling cup, the seedling cup is drip-irrigated with water according to a preset timer program, or automatically drip-irrigated with water when the soil moisture detected by the humidity sensor on the seedling cup is lower than the threshold.

2. The shallow-seeding drip irrigation process for planting Leymus chinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seedbed consists of three layers, with each layer containing seedling cups of different sizes, which are 8×8cm, 10×18cm, or 15×15cm.

3. The shallow-seeding drip irrigation process for planting Leymus chinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that, If abnormal growth of sheepgrass in the seedling cup is detected, watering should continue at the baseline watering rate. Then, the drip irrigation coefficient of the seedling cup obtained in the next cycle should be compared with the drip irrigation coefficient of the current seedling cup. If the drip irrigation coefficient of the seedling cup in the next cycle is less than or equal to the drip irrigation coefficient of the current seedling cup, watering of the seedling cup should be stopped.

4. The shallow-seeding drip irrigation process for planting Leymus chinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process also includes a remote connection module that can connect to the terminal device of the management personnel to realize human-computer interaction. Specifically, it can feed back the temperature and humidity information of the seedling room and the soil moisture information of the seedling cups to the terminal device of the management personnel, and the management personnel can control the drip irrigation equipment through the terminal device.

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