Irrigation system for adjusting soil moisture by means of meteorological data

Abstract

The application discloses an irrigation system for adjusting soil moisture by means of meteorological data information, and relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation. The system comprises a historical meteorological data processing module, a crop water requirement model optimization module, a soil moisture balance model optimization module, an irrigation decision model optimization module, a multi-modal fusion model optimization module, an execution control module and an irrigation device. The system calculates the ET0 value by the Penman-Monteith formula, optimizes the soil moisture model in combination with the precipitation intensity duration correction factor, dynamically correlates the crop coefficient and meteorological elements, constructs the irrigation water function based on the meteorological forecast and real-time monitoring data, introduces the disaster early warning mechanism to adjust the irrigation timing, adopts the historical meteorological feature fusion neural network, reduces the prediction error through cross validation, and realizes the accurate matching of soil moisture and crop water requirement. The application integrates multiple source meteorological parameters, optimizes the simulation precision of water cycle, improves the irrigation efficiency, and improves the efficiency of maintenance of the sprinkler equipment by replacing the sprinkler equipment without shutdown.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural irrigation technology, specifically to an irrigation system that uses meteorological data to regulate soil moisture. Background Technology

[0002] Meteorological data describes the physical state and phenomena of the atmosphere, including elements such as temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind speed, wind direction, and air pressure. These data are characterized by complex structure and wide range of sources, and are widely used in weather forecasting, climate research, and agricultural production. They are of great significance for improving forecast accuracy and preventing natural disasters. Soil moisture refers to the soil's water content, which is crucial for crop growth. Regulating soil moisture can meet the water needs of crops, improve water resource utilization efficiency, prevent natural disasters, promote soil health, and guide agricultural production decisions, thereby achieving sustainable agricultural development.

[0003] Existing irrigation systems that utilize meteorological data to regulate soil moisture typically consist of a weather station, a soil moisture meter, and sprinkler irrigation equipment. This allows for quantitative irrigation of different areas based on meteorological data and soil moisture conditions. However, during use, the sprinkler irrigation equipment is susceptible to wear, aging, or blockages due to various environmental factors, necessitating regular maintenance and replacement. Since sprinkler systems installed in different areas are generally connected by flexible hoses, irrigation water must pass through one sprinkler before being delivered to the next. When maintaining a sprinkler, water delivery must be stopped before maintenance can begin, resulting in inefficient maintenance. To further improve the efficiency of sprinkler maintenance and replacement, an irrigation system that utilizes meteorological data to regulate soil moisture is proposed, eliminating the drawbacks of existing systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an irrigation system that uses meteorological data to regulate soil moisture, thereby solving the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] Irrigation systems that utilize meteorological data to regulate soil moisture include:

[0007] The historical meteorological data processing module integrates local meteorological data from the past 10 years, filters and removes data, classifies and statistically analyzes the mean and extreme values ​​of meteorological elements for each season and month, and constructs a standardized database.

[0008] The crop water requirement model optimization module uses the locally calibrated Penman-Monteith formula to calculate the ET0 value and combines historical crop growth data to establish a dynamic crop coefficient Kc model, which adjusts the crop water requirement in real time according to changes in temperature and precipitation.

[0009] The soil moisture balance model optimization module introduces a precipitation intensity correction factor into the traditional equation, distinguishes the weight of heavy precipitation runoff, and constructs a soil evaporation multiple regression model E=ab×RH+c×u+d×S based on historical humidity, wind speed and sunshine data.

[0010] The irrigation decision model optimization module integrates soil moisture, crop water requirements, and future rainfall forecasts, using the formula Ireq = max(0, ETc - ΔS - P). forecast ×f) Determine the irrigation water volume, dynamically adjust the irrigation time based on meteorological disaster records, and delay or stop irrigation when there is a risk of frost;

[0011] The multimodal fusion model optimization module uses historical meteorological averages and trends as input features for the neural network, trains the prediction model using data such as soil moisture and irrigation records, and reduces the root mean square error through parameter tuning;

[0012] The execution control module, based on the decision results of the irrigation decision model optimization module, drives the irrigation equipment to perform zoned irrigation operations.

[0013] Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention also provides the following optional technical solutions:

[0014] In one alternative: the irrigation equipment includes a sprinkler irrigation device, a base is provided on the lower surface of the sprinkler irrigation device, a ground nail is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the base, a water delivery channel is provided inside the base, two connecting ends are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the base, the inner cavities of the two connecting ends are interconnected with the inner cavity of the water delivery channel, and a replacement mechanism for replacing the sprinkler irrigation device without shutting down the machine is provided on the base.

[0015] The replacement mechanism includes:

[0016] A docking sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sprinkler irrigation equipment. The inner cavity of the docking sleeve is in communication with the inner cavity of the sprinkler irrigation equipment. The base is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the docking sleeve. A lifting slide is provided inside the docking sleeve. The top outer wall of the lifting slide is truncated cone-shaped. The lifting slide is slidably connected to the sprinkler irrigation equipment and the docking sleeve.

[0017] The sprinkler equipment is equipped with a filtration mechanism for efficient water filtration.

[0018] In one alternative embodiment, the replacement mechanism further includes:

[0019] A limit component installed on the lifting slide;

[0020] The limiting component includes:

[0021] A fixed stop is installed inside the lifting slide. The bottom outer wall of the fixed stop is shaped like a frustum. Multiple drainage grooves are equidistantly opened on the outer wall of the fixed stop. The inner cavities of the multiple drainage grooves are interconnected. A fixed pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed stop. The fixed pipe is fixedly connected to the base. The lifting slide is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed pipe. The inner cavity of the fixed pipe is interconnected with the water supply tank and the inner cavities of the multiple drainage grooves.

[0022] The lifting slide is equipped with a sealing component for sealing the port of the drainage channel;

[0023] The fixed tube is provided with a first reset component for pushing the lifting slide cylinder to reset;

[0024] The base is provided with a locking component for fixing and locking the docking sleeve.

[0025] The base is provided with a guide component for limiting and guiding the docking sleeve;

[0026] The base is equipped with a positioning component for engaging and positioning the sprinkler irrigation equipment.

[0027] In one alternative: the sealing assembly is a sealing collar that is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed pipe, the sealing collar is fixedly connected to the lifting slide, and the inner wall of the sealing collar matches the outer wall of the fixed stop.

[0028] In one alternative: the first reset component is a first spring sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed tube, one end of the first spring is in contact with the inner wall of the base, and the other end of the first spring is in contact with the outer wall of the lifting slide.

[0029] In one alternative: the locking assembly is a knurled bolt disposed on the outside of the base, the knurled bolt passing through the base to the interior of the mating sleeve, and the knurled bolt being threadedly connected to the base.

[0030] In one alternative embodiment, the guiding component includes:

[0031] Two limiting guide blocks are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the base. The outer walls of the two limiting guide blocks are hemispherical. A guide groove for sliding of the limiting guide blocks is opened at the position where the docking sleeve connects with the limiting guide blocks. The inner wall of the guide groove is L-shaped.

[0032] In one alternative embodiment, the positioning component includes:

[0033] A positioning block is set inside the base. The top outer wall of the positioning block is hemispherical. A positioning groove that matches the outer wall of the positioning block is opened at the position where the irrigation equipment connects with the positioning block. The positioning block passes through the base to the interior of the irrigation equipment. A limit baffle is fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning block. The positioning block and the limit baffle are slidably connected to the base.

[0034] A second reset component is provided on the limiting baffle.

[0035] In one alternative: the second reset component is a second spring disposed below the limiting baffle, one end of the second spring is in contact with the outer wall of the limiting baffle, and the other end of the second spring is in contact with the inner wall of the base.

[0036] In one alternative embodiment, the filtering mechanism includes:

[0037] A bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sprinkler irrigation equipment. A filter screen cylinder is installed below the bracket and is located above the docking sleeve. A connecting rotating rod is fixedly connected to the top of the filter screen cylinder. A spiral fan is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rotating rod and is located above the bracket. The bracket is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rotating rod.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0039] 1. This invention enables convenient docking and fixing of the sprinkler irrigation equipment and the base through a replacement mechanism, and allows for non-stop replacement of the sprinkler irrigation equipment during water delivery, thereby further improving the efficiency of sprinkler irrigation equipment maintenance and replacement.

[0040] 2. This invention uses a filtration mechanism to filter impurities in water and effectively improves the filtration effect through the centrifugal force generated by rotation, thereby reducing the damage caused by impurities in the water to the sprinkler irrigation equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the module collaboration structure of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sprinkler irrigation equipment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the base of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the docking sleeve of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lifting slide of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the guide groove structure of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the filtration mechanism of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the diagram.

[0049] Figure reference numerals: 1. Sprinkler equipment; 201. Knurled bolt; 202. First spring; 203. Positioning block; 204. Fixing block; 205. Lifting slide; 206. Fixing pipe; 207. Limiting guide block; 208. Drainage channel; 209. Sealing collar; 2010. Connecting sleeve; 2011. Guide slide; 2012. Limiting baffle; 2013. Second spring; 301. Bracket; 302. Spiral fan; 303. Filter screen cylinder; 304. Connecting rod; 4. Base; 5. Ground nail; 6. Water delivery channel; 7. Connecting end. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0051] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-8 As shown, an irrigation system that uses meteorological data to regulate soil moisture includes:

[0052] The historical meteorological data processing module is used to obtain daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature, average temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, sunshine duration, wind speed and wind direction data from the local meteorological department for at least the past 10 years. The module filters the data, removes seriously erroneous or missing records, and classifies and statistically analyzes the average, maximum, minimum and standard deviation of each meteorological element at different time periods by season and month.

[0053] The crop water requirement model optimization module references the crop evapotranspiration (ET0) calculation unit and is based on the Penman-Monteith formula. Among them, the slope of the saturated water vapor pressure curve Net radiation R n =(1-α)R s -R l The surface albedo α was determined based on local historical radiation data and surface vegetation type, taking values ​​of [0.15, 0.3] for different seasons, and solar shortwave radiation. R so For solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere, a s =0.25, b s=0.5, Earth's surface longwave radiation σ = 5.67 × 10 -8 Wm -2 K -4 T k =T+273.15, soil heat flux G, take G=0.078R during the day. n At night, take G = 0.05R n wet and dry constants c p =1.013×10 3 Jkg - 1 K -1 P is the daily average atmospheric pressure, and λ = 2.45 × 10⁻⁶. 6 Jkg -1 T is the air temperature (°C), and u2 is the wind speed at a height of 2 meters (m / s). -1 Actual water vapor pressure e rh The relative humidity (%) was calculated using local long-term radiation and temperature data, and the above parameters were calibrated locally. The dynamic crop coefficient (Kc) was determined for different crops at different growth stages. Calculate Kc, where Kc base The basic crop coefficient is obtained from the local crop growth database based on crop type and growth stage, with an adjustment ΔKc for temperature changes. T =k T ×ΔT, ΔT=T avg -T avg0 T avg T represents the average temperature during this growth stage. avg0 The average temperature for the same period in previous years, k T The temperature influence coefficient is obtained by fitting multi-year local crop growth data with meteorological data, and the adjustment ΔKc is the amount of precipitation change. P =k P ×ΔP, ΔP=P total -P total0 P total P represents the precipitation during this growth stage. total0 This represents the average annual precipitation for the same period, k P The precipitation impact coefficient is used to accurately calculate crop water requirements using ETc = Kc × ET0;

[0054] The soil moisture balance model optimization module considers the influence of precipitation characteristics. Based on local historical precipitation data, it introduces precipitation intensity and duration correction factors into the soil moisture balance equation. When the precipitation intensity exceeds the threshold and the duration is short, the calculation weight of surface runoff (R) is increased. The soil evaporation (E) refinement calculation unit simulates soil evaporation through the multiple regression relationship E=ab×RH+c×u+d×S, where RH is relative humidity, u is wind speed, S is sunshine duration, and a, b, c, and d are coefficients obtained by fitting historical data.

[0055] The irrigation decision model optimization module, specifically the irrigation water volume decision adjustment unit, uses Ireq = max(0, ETc - ΔS - P). forecast ×f) Determine the irrigation water volume, P forecast The expected rainfall is denoted as f, which is a correction coefficient determined based on the probability and reliability of rainfall. The irrigation time decision improvement unit, based on local crop growth characteristics and historical meteorological disaster records, combined with real-time meteorological monitoring data, postpones irrigation when there is a risk of meteorological disaster and the soil moisture content is suitable, and stops irrigation when the temperature is close to the critical temperature for crop freezing.

[0056] The multimodal fusion model optimization module uses historical meteorological data as input feature unit to add local historical meteorological data and the mean and trend of meteorological data over a period of time as new input features to the neural network model. The model training and validation unit uses local historical meteorological data, soil moisture data, crop growth parameters and irrigation records as training samples, and uses cross-validation method to train the model, adjust parameters such as the number of neurons in the hidden layer and the learning rate, and reduce the root mean square error of soil moisture and crop water requirement prediction.

[0057] The execution control module, based on the decision results of the irrigation decision model optimization module, drives the irrigation equipment to perform zoned irrigation operations;

[0058] The irrigation equipment includes a sprinkler irrigation device 1, a base 4 is provided on the lower surface of the sprinkler irrigation device 1, a ground nail 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the base 4, a water delivery channel 6 is provided inside the base 4, and two connecting ends 7 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the base 4. The inner cavities of the two connecting ends 7 are interconnected with the inner cavity of the water delivery channel 6. A replacement mechanism for replacing the sprinkler irrigation device 1 without stopping the machine is provided on the base 4.

[0059] The replacement mechanism includes: a docking sleeve 2010 fixedly connected to the bottom of the irrigation equipment 1, the inner cavity of the docking sleeve 2010 communicating with the inner cavity of the irrigation equipment 1, a base 4 slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the docking sleeve 2010, and a lifting slide 205 provided inside the docking sleeve 2010. The top outer wall of the lifting slide 205 is frustum-shaped, and the lifting slide 205 is slidably connected to the irrigation equipment 1 and the docking sleeve 2010.

[0060] The sprinkler irrigation equipment 1 is equipped with a filtration mechanism for efficient water filtration;

[0061] The filtration mechanism includes: a bracket 301 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the irrigation equipment 1; a filter screen cylinder 303 is provided below the bracket 301; the filter screen cylinder 303 is located above the docking sleeve 2010; a connecting rotating rod 304 is fixedly connected to the top of the filter screen cylinder 303; a spiral fan 302 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rotating rod 304; the spiral fan 302 is located above the bracket 301; and the bracket 301 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rotating rod 304.

[0062] In this embodiment, it should be noted that: the outer walls of both connecting ends 7 are fitted with connecting sleeves, the connecting sleeves are threaded to the connecting ends 7, and a water supply hose is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting sleeve away from the connecting ends 7.

[0063] When in use, move the base 4 to the designated position. At this time, the ground nail 5 is driven into the ground through the base 4. Then, push the sprinkler equipment 1 to drive the docking sleeve 2010 to engage with the outer wall of the lifting slide 205 until the sprinkler equipment 1 contacts the outer wall of the base 4. At this time, the sprinkler equipment 1 can be locked and positioned by the replacement mechanism to facilitate the easy docking and fixing of the sprinkler equipment 1 and the base 4.

[0064] When sprinkler irrigation is needed, water is delivered to the inner cavity of the sprinkler equipment 1 through the water delivery hose, water delivery tank 6, and connecting end 7. At this time, impurities in the water can be filtered through the filtration mechanism, and the centrifugal force generated by rotation can effectively improve the filtration effect.

[0065] When maintenance or replacement of the sprinkler irrigation equipment 1 is required, the above operation is reversed. The sprinkler irrigation equipment 1 can be easily disassembled. At the same time, the replacement mechanism can prevent the continuous flow of water into the sprinkler irrigation equipment 1, so that the sprinkler irrigation equipment 1 can be replaced without stopping the machine, thereby further improving the efficiency of maintenance and replacement of the sprinkler irrigation equipment 1.

[0066] In one embodiment, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, the replacement mechanism also includes a limiting component disposed on the lifting slide 205;

[0067] The limiting component includes: a fixed stop 204 disposed inside the lifting slide 205, the bottom outer wall of the fixed stop 204 being frustoconical, and multiple drainage grooves 208 being equidistantly provided on the outer wall of the fixed stop 204, the inner cavities of the multiple drainage grooves 208 being interconnected, a fixed pipe 206 being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed stop 204, the fixed pipe 206 being fixedly connected to the base 4, the lifting slide 205 being slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed pipe 206, and the inner cavity of the fixed pipe 206 being interconnected with the water supply tank 6 and the inner cavities of the multiple drainage grooves 208 respectively;

[0068] The lifting slide 205 is equipped with a sealing component for sealing the port of the drainage channel 208;

[0069] The fixed tube 206 is provided with a first reset component for pushing the lifting slide 205 to reset;

[0070] The base 4 is provided with a locking component for fixing and locking the docking sleeve 2010;

[0071] The base 4 is provided with a guide assembly for limiting and guiding the docking sleeve 2010;

[0072] The base 4 is equipped with a positioning component for engaging and positioning the sprinkler equipment 1;

[0073] The first reset component is a first spring 202 sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed tube 206. One end of the first spring 202 contacts the inner wall of the base 4, and the other end of the first spring 202 contacts the outer wall of the lifting slide 205. Through the cooperation of the limiting component and the first reset component, the lifting slide 205 can be conveniently connected with the irrigation equipment 1 and the docking sleeve 2010.

[0074] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the sealing assembly is a sealing collar 209 that is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed pipe 206. The sealing collar 209 is fixedly connected to the lifting slide 205. The inner wall of the sealing collar 209 matches the outer wall of the fixed stop 204. A sealing rubber ring is installed on the inner wall of the sealing collar 209. Through the cooperation of the sealing collar 209 and the sealing rubber ring, the port of the drainage channel 208 can be sealed when the sprinkler irrigation equipment 1 is replaced.

[0075] In one embodiment, such as Figures 2-3 As shown, the locking component is a knurled bolt 201 located on the outside of the base 4. The knurled bolt 201 passes through the base 4 to the inside of the docking sleeve 2010. The knurled bolt 201 is threadedly connected to the base 4. By inserting the knurled bolt 201 into the docking sleeve 2010, the docking sleeve 2010 can be locked, effectively preventing the sprinkler equipment 1 from separating from the base 4 during use.

[0076] In one embodiment, such as Figures 3-8 As shown, the guide component includes:

[0077] Two limiting guide blocks 207 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the base 4. The outer walls of the two limiting guide blocks 207 are hemispherical. A guide groove 2011 is provided at the position where the connecting sleeve 2010 connects with the limiting guide block 207 to allow the limiting guide block 207 to slide. The inner wall of the guide groove 2011 is L-shaped.

[0078] The positioning component includes: a positioning block 203 disposed inside the base 4, the top outer wall of the positioning block 203 being hemispherical, a positioning groove that matches the outer wall of the positioning block 203 being provided at the contact position between the irrigation device 1 and the positioning block 203, the positioning block 203 penetrating through the base 4 to the interior of the irrigation device 1, and a limiting baffle 2012 being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the positioning block 203, both the positioning block 203 and the limiting baffle 2012 being slidably connected to the base 4;

[0079] A second reset component is provided on the limit baffle 2012;

[0080] The second reset component is a second spring 2013 located below the limiting baffle 2012. One end of the second spring 2013 contacts the outer wall of the limiting baffle 2012, and the other end of the second spring 2013 contacts the inner wall of the base 4. Through the cooperation of the guide component, the positioning component and the second reset component, the sprinkler irrigation equipment 1 and the base 4 can be easily engaged and connected.

[0081] The above embodiment discloses an irrigation system that uses meteorological data to adjust soil moisture. In use, the base 4 is moved to a designated position, and the ground nails 5 are driven into the soil through the base 4. Then, the sprinkler equipment 1 is pushed to drive the docking sleeve 2010 to engage with the outer wall of the lifting slide 205. When the docking sleeve 2010 engages with the outer wall of the limiting guide block 207 through the guide groove 2011, the lifting slide 205 contacts the bottom outer wall of the sprinkler equipment 1. Then, under the push of the sprinkler equipment 1, the lifting slide 205 drives the sealing ring 209 to descend along the outer wall of the fixed pipe 206. At this time, the lifting slide 205 retracts by moving and compressing the first spring 202, while the docking sleeve 2010 slides along the outer wall of the limiting guide block 207 through the guide groove 2011.

[0082] When the sprinkler equipment 1 comes into contact with the upper surface of the base 4, during this process, the docking sleeve 2010 comes into contact with the bottom end of the inner wall of the base 4. At the same time, the limiting baffle 2012 slides along the inner wall of the base 4 under the pressure of the sprinkler equipment 1 through the positioning block 203, and compresses the second spring 2013 to retract. At this time, the sealing ring 209 is separated from the outer wall of the fixed block 204 under the drive of the lifting slide 205, thereby releasing the sealing operation on the port of the drainage channel 208.

[0083] Then, the irrigation equipment 1 is rotated, and the docking sleeve 2010 slides along the outer wall of the limiting guide block 207 through the guide groove 2011 under the drive of the irrigation equipment 1 until the limiting guide block 207 contacts the inner wall of one end of the guide groove 2011. At this time, the positioning slot moves to the end of the positioning block 203 under the drive of the irrigation equipment 1. At the same time, the second spring 2013 pushes the limiting baffle 2012 through rebound to make the positioning block 203 insert into the inside of the positioning slot, so as to lock and position the irrigation equipment 1, so as to facilitate the docking of the irrigation equipment 1 and the base 4. Then, the knurled bolt 201 is rotated and inserted into the inside of the docking sleeve 2010 along the inner wall of the base 4, so as to lock the docking sleeve 2010, thus realizing the convenient fixation of the irrigation equipment 1.

[0084] When sprinkler irrigation is needed, water is delivered to the inner cavity of the fixed pipe 206 through the water delivery hose, water delivery trough 6, and connecting end 7. At this time, the water in the inner cavity of the fixed pipe 206 can be discharged into the inner cavity of the lifting slide 205 through the drainage trough 208. Then, the water is guided to the inside of the filter screen cylinder 303 through the lifting slide 205. At this time, the filter screen cylinder 303 can filter impurities in the water, thereby effectively extending the service life of the sprinkler irrigation equipment 1. When the filtered water comes into contact with the outer wall of the spiral fan 302, the spiral fan 302 drives the filter screen cylinder 303 to rotate through the connecting rotating rod 304 under the impact of the water flow. In this way, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation can effectively improve the filtration effect of the filter screen cylinder 303.

[0085] When maintenance or replacement of the sprinkler irrigation equipment 1 is required, the above operation is reversed to facilitate the disassembly of the sprinkler irrigation equipment 1. At the same time, by sealing the port of the drainage channel 208 with the sealing collar 209, the continuous flow of water into the sprinkler irrigation equipment 1 can be prevented, thereby enabling the sprinkler irrigation equipment 1 to be replaced without shutting down, so as to further improve the efficiency of maintenance and replacement of the sprinkler irrigation equipment 1.

[0086] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An irrigation system that uses meteorological data to regulate soil moisture, characterized in that: include: The historical meteorological data processing module integrates local meteorological data from the past 10 years, filters and removes data, classifies and statistically analyzes the mean and extreme values ​​of meteorological elements for each season and month, and constructs a standardized database. The crop water requirement model optimization module uses the locally calibrated Penman-Monteith formula to calculate the ET0 value and establishes a dynamic crop coefficient Kc model based on historical crop growth data. It adjusts crop water requirement in real time according to changes in temperature and precipitation. Accurately calculate crop water requirements ; The soil moisture balance model optimization module introduces a precipitation intensity correction factor into the traditional equation, distinguishes the weight of heavy precipitation runoff, and constructs a soil evaporation (E) multiple regression model based on historical humidity, wind speed, and sunshine data. RH is relative humidity, u is wind speed, S is sunshine duration, and a, b, c, and d are coefficients obtained by fitting historical data. The irrigation decision model optimization module integrates soil moisture, crop water requirements, and future rainfall forecasts, and adopts... Determine the amount of irrigation water. The value is the expected future rainfall, and f is a correction factor determined based on the probability and reliability of rainfall. The irrigation time is dynamically adjusted in conjunction with meteorological disaster records, and irrigation is delayed or stopped when there is a risk of frost. The multimodal fusion model optimization module uses historical meteorological averages and trends as input features for the neural network, trains the prediction model using soil moisture and irrigation records, and reduces the root mean square error through parameter tuning. The execution control module, based on the decision results of the irrigation decision model optimization module, drives the irrigation equipment to perform zoned irrigation operations; The irrigation equipment includes a sprinkler irrigation device (1), a base (4) is provided on the lower surface of the sprinkler irrigation device (1), a ground nail (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the base (4), a water conveying trough (6) is provided inside the base (4), and two connecting ends (7) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the base (4). The inner cavities of the two connecting ends (7) are interconnected with the inner cavity of the water conveying trough (6). The characteristic is that the base (4) is provided with a replacement mechanism for replacing the sprinkler irrigation device (1) without stopping the machine. The replacement mechanism includes: a docking sleeve (2010) fixedly connected to the bottom of the irrigation equipment (1), the inner cavity of the docking sleeve (2010) communicating with the inner cavity of the irrigation equipment (1), the base (4) being slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the docking sleeve (2010), a lifting slide (205) being provided inside the docking sleeve (2010), the top outer wall of the lifting slide (205) being frustoconical, and the lifting slide (205) being slidably connected to the irrigation equipment (1) and the docking sleeve (2010); The sprinkler irrigation equipment (1) is equipped with a filtration mechanism for efficient water filtration; The replacement mechanism also includes a limiting component disposed on the lifting slide (205); The limiting component includes: a fixed stop (204) disposed inside the lifting slide (205), the bottom outer wall of the fixed stop (204) is frustum-shaped, and multiple drainage grooves (208) are equidistantly provided on the outer wall of the fixed stop (204) in the circumferential direction, the inner cavities of the multiple drainage grooves (208) are interconnected, a fixed pipe (206) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed stop (204), the fixed pipe (206) is fixedly connected to the base (4), the lifting slide (205) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed pipe (206), and the inner cavity of the fixed pipe (206) is interconnected with the water supply tank (6) and the inner cavities of the multiple drainage grooves (208); The lifting slide (205) is provided with a sealing component for sealing the port of the drainage channel (208); The fixed tube (206) is provided with a first reset component for pushing the lifting slide (205) to reset; The base (4) is provided with a locking component for fixing and locking the docking sleeve (2010); The base (4) is provided with a guide component for limiting and guiding the docking sleeve (2010); The base (4) is provided with a positioning component for engaging and positioning the sprinkler irrigation equipment (1).

2. The irrigation system for adjusting soil moisture using meteorological data information according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing assembly is a sealing collar (209) that is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed tube (206). The sealing collar (209) is fixedly connected to the lifting slide (205), and the inner wall of the sealing collar (209) matches the outer wall of the fixed stop (204).

3. The irrigation system for adjusting soil moisture using meteorological data as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first reset component is a first spring (202) sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed tube (206). One end of the first spring (202) is in contact with the inner wall of the base (4), and the other end of the first spring (202) is in contact with the outer wall of the lifting slide (205).

4. The irrigation system for adjusting soil moisture using meteorological data information according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking assembly is a knurled bolt (201) located on the outside of the base (4). The knurled bolt (201) passes through the base (4) to the inside of the mating sleeve (2010). The knurled bolt (201) is threadedly connected to the base (4).

5. The irrigation system for adjusting soil moisture using meteorological data information according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide assembly includes two limiting guide blocks (207) symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the base (4). The outer walls of the two limiting guide blocks (207) are both hemispherical. A guide groove (2011) for sliding of the limiting guide blocks (207) is provided at the contact position between the docking sleeve (2010) and the limiting guide blocks (207). The inner wall of the guide groove (2011) is L-shaped.

6. The irrigation system for adjusting soil moisture using meteorological data information according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning component includes: a positioning block (203) disposed inside the base (4), the top outer wall of the positioning block (203) being hemispherical, a positioning slot that matches the outer wall of the positioning block (203) being provided at the junction of the irrigation device (1) and the positioning block (203), the positioning block (203) penetrating through the base (4) to the interior of the irrigation device (1), a limiting baffle (2012) being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the positioning block (203), and both the positioning block (203) and the limiting baffle (2012) being slidably connected to the base (4); The limiting baffle (2012) is provided with a second reset component.

7. The irrigation system for adjusting soil moisture using meteorological data information according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second reset component is a second spring (2013) disposed below the limiting baffle (2012). One end of the second spring (2013) is in contact with the outer wall of the limiting baffle (2012), and the other end of the second spring (2013) is in contact with the inner wall of the base (4).

8. The irrigation system for adjusting soil moisture using meteorological data information according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration mechanism includes: a bracket (301) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the irrigation equipment (1), a filter cylinder (303) provided below the bracket (301), the filter cylinder (303) being located above the docking sleeve (2010), a connecting rod (304) fixedly connected to the top of the filter cylinder (303), a spiral fan (302) fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rod (304), the spiral fan (302) being located above the bracket (301), and the bracket (301) being rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod (304).

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