Orchard air supply spraying system and multi-mode pesticide application control device

Abstract

The invention discloses an orchard air-conveying spraying system and a multi-mode pesticide application control device, and relates to the technical field of orchard air-conveying pesticide application, the orchard air-conveying spraying system comprises a driving box and a fan installed at the top of the driving box, the air outlet end of the fan is connected with a straight-barrel-shaped stainless steel air-conveying pipeline, an air-conveying cavity is formed in the pipeline, and a plurality of air outlet pipes are distributed along the axis at equal intervals; along the axial direction of the air conveying pipeline, a water inlet pipeline of each atomizing nozzle is provided with an electric control valve, and the opening degree of each electric control valve is gradually increased in a gradient mode from the near end to the far end. The problems that in the prior art, although the range of the axial multiple-air-outlet-pipe design is expanded, nonlinear air pressure attenuation from the near end to the far end is formed due to fluid friction and shunting loss, and consequently axial pesticide spraying is not uniform enough are solved. The device has the advantages of realizing anti-interference compensation and axial pesticide spraying uniformity control through the synergistic effect of a physical compensation mechanism of the gradient air ring and pressure sensing closed-loop control, and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of orchard air-conveying pesticide application, and in particular to an orchard air-conveying spray system and a multi-mode pesticide application control device. Background Art

[0002] Orchard air-assisted spraying technology, as a core method of modern plant protection operations, uses airflow to transport droplets through the canopy of fruit trees, improving the efficiency of liquid pesticide deposition. However, the existing system uses a single tube and a single air outlet, and the airflow at the single tube outlet diffuses in a semicircular pattern, resulting in a short effective range. Although the range can be extended by increasing the fan power, it will aggravate the drift of near-end droplets. Due to the short spray stroke, there are problems with poor coverage and insufficient penetration when applying pesticides to a larger area.

[0003] In the existing technology, in order to break through the range limitation of the single-tube system, multiple air outlet pipes are gradiently arranged on the axis of the single air duct, and the effective range is extended through physical diversion to solve the pain point of insufficient coverage of the single-tube system. However, in the traditional single-tube air delivery system, when the air flow flows from the inlet end to the far end, it is affected by the friction resistance of the pipe and the porous diversion, forming an obvious axial pressure gradient. In the long air duct, the wind speed at the far end is more attenuated than that at the near end, resulting in differences in the amount of medicine discharged from the spray hole and the penetration gradient, causing the spraying amount in each area of the orchard to be uneven.

[0004] In response to the above technical problems, the present invention discloses an orchard air-assisted spraying system and a multi-modal pesticide application control device. The present invention has the advantages of achieving anti-disturbance compensation and axial spraying uniformity control through the synergistic effect of the physical compensation mechanism of the gradient wind ring and the pressure sensing closed-loop control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an orchard air-transported spray system and a multi-modal pesticide application control device to solve the technical problems in the existing technology that although the axial multi-outlet air duct design extends the range, it is affected by fluid friction and shunt loss, resulting in nonlinear wind pressure attenuation from the proximal end to the distal end, resulting in uneven axial spraying. The present invention has the advantages of achieving anti-disturbance compensation and axial spraying uniformity control through the synergistic effect of the physical compensation mechanism of the gradient wind ring and the pressure sensing closed-loop control.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: The present invention discloses an orchard air-supply spray system, comprising a drive box and a fan installed on the top thereof, the air outlet end of the fan is connected to a straight-cylinder stainless steel air-supply pipe, an air-supply cavity is provided in the pipe, and a plurality of air outlet pipes are distributed equidistantly along the axis, an atomizing nozzle is installed at the air outlet at the end of each air outlet pipe, and an electric-controlled valve is provided in the water inlet pipe of each atomizing nozzle along the axial direction of the air-supply pipe, and the opening of the electric-controlled valve increases gradually from the proximal end to the distal end.

[0007] Furthermore, a drive assembly is built into the drive box, and its output shaft is connected to a vertical connecting frame through a flange, and the fan is rigidly fixed to the top of the connecting frame.

[0008] Furthermore, a permanent magnet synchronous generator is integrated in the lower layer of the drive box, which drives the shaft through a belt and outputs electricity directly to the fan motor.

[0009] Furthermore, the end of the air delivery pipe is closed, and the liquid medicine is delivered to each atomizing nozzle through the axial water distributor.

[0010] Furthermore, the water distributor arranges multiple branch pipes at equal intervals along the axis of the main pipe, and the ends of each branch pipe are connected to the atomizing nozzles at each air outlet pipe. The branch pipes include pipe one and pipe two, and pipe one and pipe two are connected through an electrically controlled valve.

[0011] Furthermore, a multi-modal spraying mechanism is provided in the air outlet pipe, and the multi-modal spraying mechanism includes an air ring installed in the air outlet pipe for axial sliding and a coaxially fixed air cylinder. The air ring and the air cylinder are provided with the same inner diameter, and the inner diameter thereof increases gradually from the proximal end to the distal end. The bottom of the air ring forms an elastic displacement system through a sliding rod and a fixed ring, and a pressure sensor is integrated between the air ring and the fixed ring. The pressure sensor and the electronically controlled valve are connected to a central controller, and the controller dynamically adjusts the opening of the corresponding electronically controlled valve according to the pressure data.

[0012] Furthermore, a sealing ring is embedded in the outer wall of the air ring and slides and seals with the wall of the air outlet pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic displacement system includes a helical compression spring sleeved on the outside of the slide rod, the fixing ring is fixed to the air outlet pipe, the spring is located between the air ring and the fixing ring, and the slide rod slides through the fixing ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the effective cross-sectional area of the air ring decreases from near to far along the axial direction of the air delivery duct.

[0015] Furthermore, the control strategy of the central controller is configured such that the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor is negatively correlated with the valve opening of the corresponding electronically controlled valve.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages: (1) The present invention uses the physical compensation mechanism of the gradient air ring in synergy with the pressure sensing closed-loop control. The incremental design of the air ring inner diameter increases the far-end air volume, and cooperates with the reverse adjustment of the valve opening by the controller to significantly improve the axial spray uniformity.

[0017] (2) In the present invention, when the filter is clogged or the fan is aged, causing the air volume to decrease, the pressure sensor captures the wind pressure attenuation signal in real time, and the controller dynamically increases the opening of the proximal and distal valve ports to maintain the kinetic energy of the terminal droplets. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air delivery duct of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A local enlarged structural diagram of point A; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure at point B; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point C.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Drive box; 2. Fan; 3. Connecting frame; 4. Energy system; 5. Air delivery duct; 6. Air delivery cavity; 7. Air outlet pipe; 8. Atomizing nozzle; 9. Water tank; 10. Main pipeline; 11. Water distributor; 12. Multi-modal spraying mechanism; 13. Sliding rod; 14. Spring; 15. Pressure sensor; 16. Fixed ring; 111. Main pipeline; 112. Branch pipeline; 1121. Pipeline 1; 1122. Pipeline 2; 1123. Electric control valve; 121. Air ring; 122. Air duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment. In the description of the present invention, words indicating directions or positional relationships such as "front", "rear", "left", and "right" are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0021] The embodiment discloses an orchard air-transport spray system, such as Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, it includes a drive box 1 and a fan 2 installed above the drive box 1. The drive box 1 has a built-in high-torque worm gear drive assembly. The output shaft is connected to a vertical connecting frame 3 through a flange, and the fan 2 is rigidly mounted on the top of the vertical connecting frame by bolts. The drive assembly consists of a servo motor and a planetary reducer (not shown in the figure). The horizontal plane is adjusted without dead angles through the gear group and the slewing bearing. The connecting frame 3 is additionally provided with a triangular reinforcing rib plate to improve torsional rigidity. like Figure 1As shown, the energy system 4 integrates a permanent magnet synchronous generator in the lower layer of the drive box 1, and outputs electricity directly to the fan 2 motor through a belt-driven drive shaft. A lithium battery pack can also be provided to store redundant electricity in the lithium battery pack. The air outlet end of the fan 2 is fixedly connected to an air delivery duct 5. The air delivery duct 5 adopts a straight stainless steel structure with a closed end. An air delivery cavity 6 is provided inside the air delivery duct 5. In this embodiment, in order to break through the range limitation of the single-tube system, the range extension core is achieved by arranging multiple air outlet pipes 7 at equal distances on the axis of the air delivery pipe 5, and installing an atomizing nozzle 8 at the end of each air outlet pipe 7 to form a continuous spray belt to extend the effective range, thereby expanding the spray coverage range.

[0022] More specifically, the spray system achieves efficient atomization and transportation through the coordinated operation of the air and water systems. The atomizing nozzle 8 is rigidly fixed at the terminal outlet of each air outlet pipe 7. When the fan 2 is started, a high-speed airflow is generated, which is axially transported through a single air pipe and then discharged from each air outlet. At the same time, the atomizing nozzle 8 initially atomizes the liquid medicine into a group of small-particle droplets, which are then sheared and crushed by the high-speed airflow for a second time, further refining the droplet size, and relying on the kinetic energy of the airflow to transport the atomized liquid medicine to increase the range.

[0023] To ensure continuous liquid supply to the atomizing nozzle 8, the system is equipped with a liquid medicine tank 9 and a built-in corrosion-resistant submersible pump (not shown in the figure). The liquid medicine is transported to the axial water distributor 11 through the main pipeline 10. The water distributor 11 is made of stainless steel. Specifically, multiple branch pipelines 112 are arranged equidistantly along the axis of the main pipeline 111. The ends of each branch pipeline 112 are respectively connected to the atomizing nozzle 8 at each outlet pipe 7. When the airflow and the droplets meet at the air outlet, the high-speed airflow causes the droplets to be broken up for a second time.

[0024] In actual operation, the air delivery duct 5 inputs high-speed airflow through a single air inlet. During the axial delivery process, the airflow is affected by the friction resistance of the pipe wall and the diversion of multiple air outlets, resulting in a significant static pressure gradient attenuation. In the long-stroke duct, the wind speed attenuation rate at the far-end air outlet is significantly increased. This attenuation can cause the far-end air outlet to fail. For example, the wind speed decreases, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of the secondary shearing and fragmentation of the droplets, and the droplets cannot be fully refined to the target particle size. At the same time, the lack of kinetic energy causes the droplet velocity to decrease, resulting in a decrease in its canopy penetration rate. At the same time, there will be proximal overload. For example, the proximal high-speed airflow intensifies the secondary breakage of droplets, generating smaller particles, causing their drift rate to increase, and the evaporation rate to increase in high-temperature environments, resulting in a decrease in the effective deposition rate of the proximal liquid. At the same time, excessive kinetic energy will cause the proximal liquid to have excess kinetic energy and penetrate the canopy, resulting in a loss of deposition.

[0025] In order to systematically solve the above-mentioned axial non-uniformity contradiction, the key breakthrough path is to set up a gradient collaborative design. Through the gradient setting, the droplet size of each atomizing nozzle 8 decreases from the proximal end to the distal end according to the wheelbase, resisting the imbalance of particle size and wind speed coupling caused by airflow attenuation. At the same time, the injection kinetic energy of each atomizing nozzle 8 increases according to the wheelbase, specifically to enhance the initial kinetic energy of the distal droplets, compensate for the insufficient momentum of the airflow transport, ensure the consistency of canopy penetration, and reduce the proximal kinetic energy at the same time, and make limited decreasing compensation for the excessive proximal kinetic energy.

[0026] To achieve the above purpose, the axial droplet characteristics are regulated to compensate for the airflow attenuation. The specific implementation method is as follows: Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the branch pipeline 112 system is configured to include pipeline 1 1121, pipeline 2 1122, and electric-controlled valve 1123. Pipeline 1 1121 is connected to the main pipeline 111, while pipeline 2 1122 is connected to the atomizing nozzle 8. Pipeline 1 1121 and pipeline 2 1122 are connected via electric-controlled valve 1123. In addition, the opening of each electric-controlled valve 1123 is set in an increasing gradient along the axial direction of the air delivery pipeline 5 (from the proximal end to the distal end); The opening of the proximal electric control valve 1123 is set to a relatively small value, specifically 30% to 40%, to limit the water inlet of the second pipe 1122, thereby increasing the size of the droplets generated by the atomizing nozzle 8 and reducing the initial velocity, thereby attenuating their kinetic energy. This design increases the particle size to resist secondary breakage of the high-speed airflow, while reducing the kinetic energy to prevent over-penetration. The opening of the remote electric control valve 1123 is increased, specifically to 70 to 80%, thereby increasing the water inlet of pipeline 2 1122, reducing the droplet size, increasing the initial velocity, and thereby increasing its kinetic energy. Through this design, the crushing efficiency is enhanced in low wind speed areas, and the lack of kinetic energy caused by airflow attenuation is compensated, thereby ensuring the kinetic energy of droplet injection.

[0027] Through the above design, through the purely mechanical coordination of the gradient of water inlet opening and the reverse regulation of particle size and kinetic energy, the dynamic balance of axial spraying kinetic energy is successfully achieved, which reduces the risk of over-breakage at the proximal end and improves the penetration at the distal end, ultimately improving the uniformity of deposition over the entire range and the coverage rate of the lower canopy layer.

[0028] During the operation of the air-delivered spray system, the filter blockage or aging of the fan 2 may cause the air volume at the air outlet to attenuate. In this embodiment, dynamic compensation is achieved by integrating the multi-modal spraying mechanism 12.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the core of the mechanism includes an air ring 121 and an air tube 122. An air ring 121 and an air tube 122 assembly that can slide axially along the air outlet pipe 7 are installed in each air outlet pipe 7. A rubber sealing ring is embedded in the outer wall of the air ring 121, which is sealed by sliding with the pipe wall through the rubber sealing ring. The air tube 122 is coaxially fixed below and the inner diameters of the two are consistent. Along the axial direction of the air supply pipe 5 from the proximal end to the distal end, the inner diameter of the air ring 121 and the inner diameter of the air tube 122 increase gradually, such as 60 mm at the proximal end and 85 mm at the distal end. The design actively compensates for the axial air volume attenuation through physical structural adjustment. When the air flow flows through the air outlet pipe 7, the small-diameter port at the proximal end limits the excess air volume, and the large-diameter port at the distal end improves the flow efficiency in the low wind pressure area, so that the coefficient of variation of the air volume at each air outlet is reduced, thereby achieving axial wind energy rebalancing.

[0030] In this air-transported spray system, the air outlet pipes 7 along the axial direction of the air-transporting pipe 5 are all set with the same diameter, and the air rings 121 inside the air outlet pipes 7 with the same diameter along the axial direction are correspondingly set with the same outer diameter. Since the inner diameter of the air ring 121 increases gradually from the proximal end to the distal end, this design will cause the effective cross-sectional area of the air ring 121 to decrease along the axial direction, resulting in the air flow impact force decreasing in direct proportion to the ring body area. For example, the proximal ring body area is larger, while the distal ring body area is smaller, the proximal end is subjected to a greater air flow impact force, while the distal end is subjected to a smaller air flow impact force. When the air flow drives the air ring 121 downward; In this embodiment, the downward pressure of the air ring 121 is monitored by the pressure sensor 15. Specifically, a stainless steel slide bar 13 is fixed to the bottom of the air ring 121, and a fixed ring 16 is provided below the air ring 121. The two are coaxially arranged, and the inner diameter of the fixed ring 16 is larger than the inner diameter of the air ring 121. The fixed ring 16 is fixed to the inner wall of the air outlet pipe 7, and the slide bar 13 passes through the lower end fixed ring 16 and fits each other with a clearance. A spiral compression spring 14 is assembled between the two, and the spring 14 is sleeved on the outside of the slide bar 13. The slide bar 13 The fixed ring 16 and the air ring 121 that pass through are supported by the coil spring 14 to form an elastic displacement system. When the air flow hits the air ring 121, the downward pressure stroke of the ring body is linearly related to the wind pressure, and a micro pressure sensor 15 is integrated between the air ring 121 and the fixed ring 16. The downward movement of the air ring 121 is monitored by the pressure sensor 15. When the air flow hits the ring body of the air ring 121, the downward force of the air ring 121 will be transmitted to the pressure sensor 15, and the pressure sensor 15 will collect the downward pressure data of the air ring 121 in real time.

[0031] In addition, a central controller is also provided, and the pressure sensor 15 and the electric-controlled valve 1123 are both connected to the central controller. The central controller dynamically adjusts the valve opening of each branch electric-controlled valve 1123 according to the pressure data, and the specific adjustment strategy is that the larger the pressure data, the smaller the valve opening setting of the corresponding electric-controlled valve 1123, and conversely, the smaller the pressure data, the larger the corresponding valve opening. For example, under the baseline working condition, such as when the fan 2 is at full speed and the filter is clean, the proximal pressure value is high, and the corresponding electric-controlled valve 1123 opening is reduced, while the distal pressure value is low, and the corresponding electric-controlled valve 1123 opening is large, forming an axial opening gradient to compensate for the air volume attenuation. When the filter is clogged or the fan 2 ages, causing the air volume to decrease, the pressure sensor 15 detects the proximal pressure drop, and the central controller automatically increases the opening, the distal pressure drops, and the opening increases to maintain the kinetic energy of the droplets at the end of the range.

[0032] The principle of the present invention is as follows: When the fan 2 is started, a high-speed airflow is input from the air inlet of the air delivery duct 5, and impacts the gradient air ring 121 structure coaxially arranged in each air outlet pipe 7 during the axial flow. Since the inner diameter of the air ring 121 is continuously increasing from the proximal end to the distal end of the duct (from the proximal small aperture to the distal large aperture), the physical design directly compensates for the axial air volume attenuation, the proximal small-diameter opening limits the excess airflow, and the distal large-diameter opening improves the flow efficiency in the low-pressure area. When the airflow acts on the air ring 121, the gradient difference in the effective cross-sectional area of the ring body leads to a pressure transmission effect. The large cross-sectional area of the proximal air ring 121 enhances the impact force, drives the air ring 121 to move axially downward and compresses the external spring 14 of the slide rod 13, while the small cross-sectional area of the distal air ring 121 weakens the downward displacement, and the axial displacement of the air ring 121 is converted into a pressure signal The pressure sensor 15 fixed in the air outlet pipe 7 captures the changes in the extrusion pressure between the air ring 121 and the fixed ring 16 in real time. The pressure data is transmitted to the central controller via a cable. The controller executes a preset negative feedback algorithm to convert the high-pressure signal into a reduction opening instruction of the electric-controlled valve 1123, and the low-pressure signal into an increase opening instruction. The electric-controlled valve 1123 of each branch of the water distributor 11 dynamically adjusts the flow rate accordingly. The low opening at the proximal end reduces the flow rate of the liquid medicine and increases the droplet size to resist the tearing of high-speed airflow. The high opening at the distal end increases the flow rate, reduces the droplet size and enhances the initial velocity to compensate for the attenuation of airflow kinetic energy. When external interference (such as filter blockage or aging of fan 2) causes a sudden drop in air volume, the pressure sensor 15 detects the overall pressure attenuation, and the controller immediately responds by adjusting the valve opening to enable the spray system to maintain axial droplet kinetic energy balance.

[0033] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. An orchard air-assisted spraying system, comprising a drive box (1) and a fan (2) mounted on the top thereof, characterized in that: The air outlet end of the fan (2) is connected to a straight stainless steel air delivery pipe (5), an air delivery cavity (6) is provided in the pipe, and a plurality of air outlet pipes (7) are distributed equidistantly along the axis. An atomizing nozzle (8) is installed at the air outlet at the end of each air outlet pipe (7). An electric control valve (1123) is provided in the water inlet pipe of each atomizing nozzle (8) along the axial direction of the air delivery pipe (5), and the opening of the electric control valve (1123) increases gradually from the proximal end to the distal end.

2. The orchard air-assisted spray system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive box (1) has a built-in drive assembly, and its output shaft is connected to a vertical connecting frame (3) via a flange, and the fan (2) is rigidly fixed to the top of the connecting frame (3).

3. The orchard air-assisted spraying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower layer of the drive box (1) is integrated with a permanent magnet synchronous generator, which is driven by a belt and drives the shaft to output power directly to supply the fan (2) motor.

4. The orchard air-assisted spraying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the air delivery pipe (5) is closed, and the liquid medicine is delivered to each atomizing nozzle (8) through an axial water distributor (11).

5. The orchard air-assisted spraying system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water distributor (11) has multiple branch pipes (112) arranged equidistantly along the axis of the main pipe (10), and the ends of the branch pipes (112) are respectively connected to the atomizing nozzles (8) at the outlet pipes (7). The branch pipes (112) include a first pipe (1121) and a second pipe (1122), and the first pipe (1121) and the second pipe (1122) are connected via an electric control valve (1123).

6. The orchard air-assisted spraying system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A multi-modal spraying mechanism (12) is provided in the air outlet pipe (7), and the multi-modal spraying mechanism (12) includes an air ring (121) installed in the air outlet pipe (7) for axial sliding and a coaxially fixed air cylinder (122), the air ring (121) and the air cylinder (122) having the same inner diameter, and the inner diameter thereof increases gradually from the proximal end to the distal end, the bottom of the air ring (121) forms an elastic displacement system through a sliding rod (13) and a fixing ring (16), and a pressure sensor (15) is integrated between the air ring (121) and the fixing ring (16); The pressure sensor (15) and the electrically controlled valve (1123) are connected to a central controller, and the controller dynamically adjusts the opening of the corresponding electrically controlled valve (1123) based on the pressure data.

7. The orchard air-assisted spraying system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sealing ring embedded in the outer wall of the air ring (121) is slidably sealed with the wall of the air outlet pipe (7).

8. The orchard air-assisted spraying system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic displacement system comprises a helical compression spring (14) sleeved on the outside of the slide rod (13); the fixing ring (16) is fixed to the air outlet pipe (7); the spring (14) is located between the air ring (121) and the fixing ring (16); and the slide rod (13) slides through the fixing ring (16).

9. The orchard air-assisted spraying system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The effective cross-sectional area of the air ring (121) decreases from near to far along the axial direction of the air delivery pipe (5).

10. The orchard air-assisted spraying system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control strategy of the central controller is configured such that the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor (15) is negatively correlated with the valve opening of the corresponding electronically controlled valve (1123).

Images