Medicine composition for preventing and treating corn diseases and insect pests as well as application and prevention and treatment method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a medicine composition for preventing and treating corn diseases and insect pests and application and a prevention and treatment method thereof, and particularly belongs to the technical field of disease and insect pest prevention and treatment. The invention provides a medicine composition for preventing and treating corn diseases and insect pests. The medicine composition comprises a first prevention and control medicine, a second prevention and control medicine, a third prevention and control medicine and a fourth prevention and control medicine, the first prevention and control drug is prepared from a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer, compound sodium nitrophenolate, emamectin benzoate and chlorantraniliprole; the second prevention and control drug is prepared from ethephon, brassinolide, a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer, emamectin benzoate and chlorantraniliprole; the third prevention and control drug is prepared from tebuconazole, pyraclostrobin, etoxazole, abamectin, a phosphate fertilizer and a nitrogen fertilizer; the fourth prevention and control medicine is prepared from pyraclostrobin, epoxiconazole, etoxazole, abamectin, bifenthrin, clothianidin, compound sodium nitrophenolate, phosphate fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer. The medicine composition has the effects of increasing yield, preventing diseases, preventing insect pests and preventing lodging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of pest control, and in particular relates to a drug combination for controlling corn pests and diseases, and an application and control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Corn (Zeamays L.), as the grain crop with the largest production area and the highest total output in my country, is an important source of food, cash, and feed crops. As corn planting density and planting area gradually expand, the incidence of diseases and insect pests is becoming increasingly severe. Pests such as armyworms, corn borers, aphids, and red spider mites often occur in the fields, seriously affecting corn yields; diseases such as large and small leaf spot, gray leaf spot, and sheath blight seriously affect corn quality. In order to reduce the impact of diseases and insect pests on corn yield, the use of chemical agents such as disease and pest control is necessary. Chemical agents are currently commonly used in production, and long-term use will inevitably have adverse effects on the environment. Studies have also shown that the large-scale use of chemical agents has a certain impact on corn yields. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a drug that can reduce production while preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests, or even achieve a certain increase in production. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a drug combination for preventing and controlling corn diseases and insect pests, and its application and prevention method. The drug combination of the present invention has the effects of increasing yield, preventing diseases and insect pests, and preventing lodging.

[0004] The present invention provides a drug combination for preventing and controlling corn diseases and insect pests, the drug combination comprising a first prevention and control drug, a second prevention and control drug, a third prevention and control drug and a fourth prevention and control drug;

[0005] The first control drug comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 to 6 parts of a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer, 1 to 3 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 0.026 to 0.078 parts of emamectin and 0.09 to 0.27 parts of chlorantraniliprole;

[0006] The second control drug comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.9-1.2 parts of ethephon, 0.00001-0.0014 parts of brassinolide, 4-6 parts of macronutrient water-soluble fertilizer, 0.026-0.078 parts of emamectin, and 0.09-0.27 parts of chlorantraniliprole;

[0007] The third control drug comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.8-1.2 parts of tebuconazole, 0.4-0.6 parts of pyraclostrobin, 0.4-0.8 parts of etoxazole, 0.06-0.12 parts of abamectin, 4.698-5.742 parts of phosphate fertilizer, and 4.667-14.009 parts of nitrogen fertilizer;

[0008] The fourth control drug includes the following components in parts by weight: 0.738-0.984 parts of pyraclostrobin, 0.282-0.376 parts of fluphenazine, 0.4-0.8 parts of etoxazole, 0.06-0.12 parts of abamectin, 0.1-0.2 parts of bifenthrin, 0.1-0.2 parts of clothianidin, 4-6 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 4.698-5.742 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 9.334-18.668 parts of nitrogen fertilizer;

[0009] In the macro-element water-soluble fertilizer, the mass ratio of N, P2O5 and K2O is 1:1:1 based on the mass of N, P2O5 and K2O;

[0010] The weight parts of the phosphate fertilizer are calculated based on the mass of P2O5, and the weight parts of the nitrogen fertilizer are calculated based on the mass of N.

[0011] The present invention also provides the use of the drug combination described in the above technical solution in the effects described in any one of items ① to ④ above:

[0012] ①Prevent and control crop diseases; ②Prevent and control crop insect pests; ③Increase crop resistance to lodging; ④Increase crop yield.

[0013] Preferably, the crops include densely planted crops.

[0014] Preferably, the densely planted crops include corn.

[0015] Preferably, the diseases include any one or more of purple seedlings, albino seedlings, large leaf spot, small leaf spot, gray leaf spot, ear rot, sheath blight and rust.

[0016] Preferably, the insect pests include insect pests caused by any one of armyworms, grass borers, corn borers, two-spotted leaf beetles, thrips, red spiders and aphids.

[0017] Preferably, the increasing the lodging resistance of crops includes increasing the lodging resistance of crops by increasing the number of aerial roots, increasing the stem thickness or more.

[0018] Preferably, the increasing crop yield comprises increasing crop yield by any one or more of increasing ear diameter, increasing grain depth and increasing the number of grain rows.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling corn diseases and insect pests, improving corn lodging resistance and increasing corn yield based on the drug combination described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0020] Apply the first control drug at the corn seedling stage for the first control;

[0021] Apply the second prevention and control drug for the second prevention and control during the corn jointing stage;

[0022] Apply the third prevention and control drug at the end of the corn trumpeting stage for the third prevention and control;

[0023] The fourth prevention and control drug is applied during the corn filling period for the fourth prevention and control.

[0024] Preferably, the application method includes spraying; when the application method is spraying, the first prevention and control drug, the second prevention and control drug, the third prevention and control drug and the fourth prevention and control drug are mixed with water for dilution; the mass ratio of the first prevention and control drug to water is 1: (0.4~10); the mass ratio of the second prevention and control drug to water is 1: (0.4~10); the mass ratio of the third prevention and control drug to water is 1: (0.4~10); the mass ratio of the fourth prevention and control drug to water is 1: (0.4~10).

[0025] The present invention provides a drug combination for controlling corn diseases and insect pests. The drug combination has the effects of increasing yield, preventing diseases and pests, and preventing lodging. Control during the corn seedling stage can prevent armyworms, grass borers, purple seedlings, and albino seedlings. Control during the jointing stage can prevent seedling lodging, albino seedlings, increase aerial rooting, thicken leaves, increase stem thickness, and increase ear thickness. Control during the late tolling stage can prevent pests such as corn borers, two-spotted leaf beetles, thrips, and red spider mites, prevent diseases such as large and small leaf spot, gray leaf spot, and rust, and promote the thickening of young ears. Control during the grain-filling stage can prevent second-generation armyworms, second-generation corn borers, aphids, and red spider mites, prevent large and small leaf spot, gray leaf spot, sheath blight, and rust, prevent premature aging, promote early maturity, and increase test weight.

[0026] Test results showed that, compared to controls containing both water and conventional pesticides, the drug combination of the present invention significantly increased stem diameter and aerial root count, improving corn's resistance to lodging; significantly reduced corn disease and insect infestation rates; and significantly increased ear diameter, kernel depth, and number of rows, boosting yield. Furthermore, the combined use of the drug combination of the present invention offers significant advantages over strategies that lack a single control strategy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the anti-lodging results of corn after application of four pest control drugs and water provided in Example 2 of the present invention; wherein A is the stem diameter result graph, and B is the aerial root number result graph;

[0029] Figure 2Result graphs of disease and insect infestation rates of corn after application of four pest control drugs and clean water provided in Example 2 of the present invention; wherein A is a result graph of the prevalence of corn leaf blight, B is a result graph of the prevalence of corn leaf blight; C is a result graph of the prevalence of corn gray leaf spot, D is a result graph of the prevalence of corn ear rot, E is a result graph of the probability of the presence of corn borers, F is a result graph of the probability of the presence of first-generation armyworms; G is a result graph of the probability of the presence of two-spotted leaf beetles, H is a result graph of the probability of the presence of second-generation armyworms, I is a result graph of the probability of aphid production, and J is a result graph of the probability of the presence of red spider mites;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the yield of corn after application of four pest control drugs and water according to Example 2 of the present invention; wherein A is the graph showing the ear diameter, B is the graph showing the kernel depth, and C is the graph showing the number of kernel rows.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the lodging resistance of corn after application of four pest control drugs, common pesticides, and clean water, provided in Example 3 of the present invention; wherein A is the stem diameter result graph, and B is the aerial root number result graph;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the morbidity of corn after application of four pest control drugs, common pesticides, and clean water, as provided in Example 3 of the present invention; wherein A is a graph showing the morbidity of corn leaf blight, B is a graph showing the morbidity of corn leaf blight, C is a graph showing the morbidity of corn gray leaf spot, and D is a graph showing the morbidity of corn ear rot;

[0033] Figure 6 Graphs showing the insect infestation rate of corn after application of four pest control drugs, common pesticides, and clean water, provided in Example 3 of the present invention; wherein A represents the probability of corn borer presence, B represents the probability of first-generation armyworm presence, C represents the probability of two-spotted leaf beetle presence, D represents the probability of second-generation armyworm presence, E represents the probability of aphid production, and F represents the probability of red spider presence.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the yield results of corn after application of four pest control drugs, common pesticides, and clean water, provided in Example 3 of the present invention. A is the graph showing the ear diameter, B is the graph showing the kernel depth, and C is the graph showing the number of kernel rows.

[0035] Figure 8 Graphs showing the prevalence rates of different control methods provided in Example 4 of the present invention; A is a graph showing the prevalence rate of corn leaf blight, B is a graph showing the prevalence rate of corn leaf blight, C is a graph showing the prevalence rate of corn gray leaf spot, and D is a graph showing the prevalence rate of corn ear rot;

[0036] Figure 9Result graphs of insect infestation rates for different control methods provided in Example 4 of the present invention; wherein, A is a result graph of the probability of corn borer presence, B is a result graph of the probability of first-generation armyworm presence; C is a result graph of the probability of two-spotted leaf beetle presence, D is a result graph of the probability of second-generation armyworm presence, E is a result graph of the probability of aphid production, and F is a result graph of the probability of red spider presence. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention provides a drug combination for preventing and controlling corn diseases and insect pests (referred to as four-pest control drugs), the drug combination comprising a first control drug, a second control drug, a third control drug and a fourth control drug;

[0038] The first control drug comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 to 6 parts of a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer, 1 to 3 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 0.026 to 0.078 parts of emamectin and 0.09 to 0.27 parts of chlorantraniliprole;

[0039] The second control drug comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.9-1.2 parts of ethephon, 0.00001-0.0014 parts of brassinolide, 4-6 parts of macronutrient water-soluble fertilizer, 0.026-0.078 parts of emamectin, and 0.09-0.27 parts of chlorantraniliprole;

[0040] The third control drug comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.8-1.2 parts of tebuconazole, 0.4-0.6 parts of pyraclostrobin, 0.4-0.8 parts of etoxazole, 0.06-0.12 parts of abamectin, 4.698-5.742 parts of phosphate fertilizer, and 4.667-14.009 parts of nitrogen fertilizer;

[0041] The fourth control drug includes the following components in parts by weight: 0.738-0.984 parts of pyraclostrobin, 0.282-0.376 parts of fluphenazine, 0.4-0.8 parts of etoxazole, 0.06-0.12 parts of abamectin, 0.1-0.2 parts of bifenthrin, 0.1-0.2 parts of clothianidin, 4-6 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 4.698-5.742 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 9.334-18.668 parts of nitrogen fertilizer;

[0042] In the macro-element water-soluble fertilizer, the mass ratio of N, P2O5 and K2O is 1:1:1 based on the mass of N, P2O5 and K2O;

[0043] The weight parts of the phosphate fertilizer are calculated based on the mass of P2O5, and the weight parts of the nitrogen fertilizer are calculated based on the mass of N.

[0044] In the present invention, 4 to 6 parts of a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer of a certain number of elements, 1 to 3 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 0.026 to 0.078 parts of emamectin and 0.09 to 0.27 parts of chlorantraniliprole are included. In a specific embodiment, the weight portion of the water-soluble fertilizer of a certain number of elements can be 4 parts, 5 parts or 6 parts. In a specific embodiment, the weight portion of sodium nitrophenolate can be 1 part, 2 parts or 3 parts. In a specific embodiment, the weight portion of emamectin can be 0.026 parts, 0.052 parts or 0.078 parts. In a specific embodiment, the weight portion of chlorantraniliprole can be 0.08 parts, 0.16 parts or 0.27 parts. The present invention does not specifically limit the sources of the above-mentioned components, and conventional commercial products can be used. In a specific embodiment, the above-mentioned components can be individual components or commercially available mixed products, such as a mixed product of chlorantraniliprole and emamectin, such as chlorantraniliprole (Afrin). The commercial information is detailed in Table 1. In a specific embodiment, the total nutrient content of the macronutrient water-soluble fertilizer is greater than 60%, with N-P2O5-K2O being 20-20-20. Pests such as armyworms and grass borers are common during the corn seedling stage. Furthermore, phosphorus deficiency often occurs during the seedling stage due to low available zinc in the soil and low temperatures, resulting in purple and albino seedlings. Therefore, the first control agent is implemented during this period. The first control agent of the present invention can prevent armyworms, grass borers, and purple and albino seedlings.

[0045] In the present invention, the second control drug comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.9-1.2 parts of ethephon, 0.00001-0.0014 parts of brassinolide, 4-6 parts of a macronutrient water-soluble fertilizer, 0.026-0.078 parts of emamectin, and 0.09-0.27 parts of chlorantraniliprole. In specific embodiments, the ethephon content can be 0.9, 1.0, or 1.2 parts. In specific embodiments, the brassinolide content can be 0.000012, 0.000013, or 0.000014 parts. In specific embodiments, the macronutrient water-soluble fertilizer content can be 4, 5, or 6 parts. In specific embodiments, the emamectin content can be 0.026, 0.052, or 0.078 parts. In a specific embodiment, the weight portion of the chlorantraniliprole can be 0.08 part, 0.16 part or 0.27 part. The present invention is not particularly limited to the source of the above-mentioned components, and conventional commercial products can be used. In a specific embodiment, the above-mentioned components can be independent components, or they can be commercially available mixed products, such as mixed products of ethephon and brassinolide, such as Brassica · ethephon (Kanto tumbler); or mixed products of chlorantraniliprole and avermectin, such as chlorantraniliprole (Afbell), and commercial information is shown in Table 1. The main differentiation of aerial roots, stem nodes and leaves in the jointing stage of corn is mainly carried out, and the main focus and regulation are on the root system and stem thickness of corn during this period. In addition, pests such as thrips, corn borers and the first generation of armyworms often occur during this period, so the second control is carried out based on the above. The second control drug of the present invention can prevent seedlings from falling, prevent albino seedlings, increase aerial roots, increase leaf thickness, increase stem thickness and increase ear thickness.

[0046] In the present invention, the third control drug includes the following components in parts by weight: 0.8-1.2 parts of tebuconazole, 0.4-0.6 parts of pyraclostrobin, 0.4-0.8 parts of etoxazole, 0.06-0.12 parts of abamectin, 4.698-5.742 parts of phosphate fertilizer, and 4.667-14.009 parts of nitrogen fertilizer. In a specific embodiment, the weight of tebuconazole can be 0.8 parts, 1.0 parts, or 1.2 parts. In a specific embodiment, the weight of pyraclostrobin can be 0.4 parts, 0.5 parts, or 0.6 parts. In a specific embodiment, the weight of etoxazole can be 0.4 parts, 0.6 parts, or 0.8 parts. In a specific embodiment, the weight of abamectin can be 0.06 parts, 0.10 parts, or 0.12 parts. In a specific embodiment, the phosphate fertilizer can be potassium dihydrogen phosphate. When the phosphate fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the phosphate fertilizer is calculated as 4.698 to 5.742 parts in terms of P2O5 quality. After conversion, the weight portion of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 9 to 11 parts, specifically 9 parts, 10 parts or 11 parts. In a specific embodiment, the nitrogenous fertilizer can be urea. When the nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, the nitrogenous fertilizer is calculated as 4.667 to 14.009 parts in terms of N quality. After conversion, the weight portion of urea can be 10 to 30 parts, specifically 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, 25 parts or 30 parts. The present invention is not particularly limited to the source of the above-mentioned components, and conventional commercial products can be used. In a specific embodiment, the above-mentioned components can be a separate component or a commercially available mixed product, such as a mixed product of tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin, such as azole tebuconazole (Kanto Yuqing);Or a mixed product of etoxazole and abamectin, such as abamectin (Juwairen), commercial information is shown in Table 1. The final stage of corn's flare phase is a phase in which both vegetative and reproductive growth proceed in parallel, with an increased demand for water and fertilizer. This is the primary period for the formation of corn kernel count. During this period, corn is susceptible to pests and diseases, often resulting in the development of various pests such as corn borers, thrips, two-spotted leaf beetles, and red spider mites. Furthermore, due to rising temperatures and high humidity during this period, the reproductive capacity of pathogens is enhanced, often leading to the development of various diseases such as large leaf spot, small leaf spot, and gray leaf spot. Therefore, this period is a critical period for field management. This is how the third control method is implemented. In a specific embodiment, the third control agent can protect against pests such as corn borers, two-spotted leaf beetles, thrips, and red spider mites, as well as against diseases such as large leaf spot, gray leaf spot, and rust, and promote the thickening of young ears.

[0047] In the present invention, the fourth control agent includes the following components in parts by weight: 0.738-0.984 parts of pyraclostrobin, 0.282-0.376 parts of epoxiconazole, 0.4-0.8 parts of etoxazole, 0.06-0.12 parts of abamectin, 0.1-0.2 parts of bifenthrin, 0.1-0.2 parts of clothianidin, 4-6 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 4.698-5.742 parts of phosphate fertilizer, and 9.334-18.668 parts of nitrogen fertilizer. It also includes 6-8 parts of Guandong Yujing, 2-4 parts of Juwairen, 2-4 parts of Banganfeng, 9-11 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 4-6 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 20-40 parts of urea, and 200-400 parts of water. In specific embodiments, the weight of pyraclostrobin can be 0.738 parts, 0.8 parts, or 0.984 parts. In a specific embodiment, the weight portion of the fluphenazine can be 0.282 parts, 0.3 parts or 0.376 parts. In a specific embodiment, the weight portion of the etoxazole can be 0.4 parts, 0.6 parts or 0.8 parts. In a specific embodiment, the weight portion of the abamectin can be 0.06 parts, 0.08 parts or 0.12 parts. In a specific embodiment, the weight portion of the bifenthrin can be 0.1 parts or 0.2 parts. In a specific embodiment, the weight portion of the clothianidin can be 0.1 parts or 0.2 parts. In a specific embodiment, the weight portion of the sodium nitrophenolate can be 4 parts, 5 parts or 6 parts. In a specific embodiment, the phosphate fertilizer can be potassium dihydrogen phosphate. When the phosphate fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the weight portion of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 9 to 11 parts, specifically 9 parts, 10 parts or 11 parts. In a specific embodiment, the nitrogen fertilizer can be urea. When the nitrogen fertilizer is urea, the weight portion of urea can be 20 to 40 parts, specifically 20 parts, 30 parts or 40 parts. The present invention is not particularly limited to the source of the above-mentioned components, and conventional commercial products can be used. In a specific embodiment, the above-mentioned components can be separate components, or they can be commercially available mixed products, such as a mixed product of pyraclostrobin and fluopicolide, such as pyraclostrobin·fluopicolide (Kanto Yujing); or a mixed product of etoxazole and abamectin, such as abamectin·etoxazole (Juwairen), or a mixed product of bifenthrin and clothianidin, such as biphenyl·clothianidin (Banganfeng), and commercial information is shown in Table 1. The corn filling period is an important period for grain formation and organic matter accumulation, so premature aging of leaves should be avoided, and the number of ears and grain weight should be increased. In addition, if the early disease prevention is not timely and thorough, there will often be the production of second-generation armyworms, second-generation corn borers, large and small spot diseases and gray spot diseases and other pests and diseases, so the fourth prevention and control is carried out. The fourth control drug of the present invention can prevent the second generation of armyworms, the second generation of corn borers, aphids and red spiders, prevent large and small leaf spot diseases, gray leaf spot disease, sheath blight and rust diseases, prevent premature aging, promote early maturity and increase bulk density.

[0048] The drug combination of the present invention is used in four times, and is referred to as the four-prevention drug for short. Different diseases occur at different times. If they are not prevented and controlled in time, their yield will be seriously affected. Therefore, the present invention controls them in four times according to the characteristics of the generation of diseases and insect pests and the different demands of corn for nutrients at different stages. The four-prevention drug of the present invention has the effects of increasing production, preventing diseases and insect pests, and preventing lodging. The four-prevention drug of the present invention is suitable for crops with dense planting patterns. Specifically, the four-prevention drug of the present invention can make full use of the occurrence rules of diseases and insect pests in different periods of corn and the demand for fertilizers in the growth and development cycle of corn to prevent and control diseases and insect pests, reduce the generation of diseases and insect pests, and reduce the impact of the agent on corn yield, further achieving the purpose of increasing density and increasing production.

[0049] The source information of some components of the present invention is shown in Table 1, and the other components are conventional commercial products:

[0050] Table 1 Commercial information

[0051] Product Name factory Item No. Sodium nitrophenolate Shandong Luobang Biological Pesticide Co., Ltd. Pesticide registration number: PD20096523 Aframin (Carbapenem and Chlorfenapyr) Jiangxi Bambo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Pesticide registration number: PD20230202 Kanto Tumbler (Brassica oleracea, Ethephon) Jilin Jijiu Agricultural Science and Pesticide Co., Ltd. Pesticide registration number: PD20093001 Guandong Yuqing (tebuconazole and tebuconazole) Shandong Dongyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Pesticide registration number: PD20211403 Guandong Yujing (Azofenazol and Fluoxepiconazole) Hebei Chengyue Chemical Co., Ltd. Pesticide registration number: PD20212013 Orange Outsider (Avimethoxazole) Qingdao Holite Biological Pesticide Co., Ltd. Pesticide registration number: PD20172412 Banganfeng (biphenyl·clothianidin) Shandong Shangnong Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. Pesticide registration number: PD20211783

[0052] The present invention also provides the use of the drug combination described in the above technical solution for the effects described in any one of items ① to ④ above: ① controlling crop diseases; ② controlling crop insect pests; ③ increasing crop lodging resistance; and ④ increasing crop yield. In specific embodiments, the crops include densely planted crops. In specific embodiments, the densely planted crops include corn. In specific embodiments, the diseases include any one or more of purple seedlings, albino seedlings, large leaf spot, small leaf spot, gray leaf spot, ear rot, sheath blight, and rust. In specific embodiments, the insect pests include pests caused by any one or more of armyworms, grass borers, corn borers, two-spotted leaf beetles, thrips, red spider mites, and aphids. In specific embodiments, increasing crop lodging resistance includes increasing crop lodging resistance by increasing the number of aerial roots or increasing stem thickness. In specific embodiments, increasing crop yield includes increasing crop yield by increasing ear diameter, increasing kernel depth, and increasing the number of kernel rows.

[0053] The present invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling corn diseases and insect pests, improving corn lodging resistance and increasing corn yield based on the drug combination described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Apply the first control drug at the corn seedling stage for the first control;

[0055] Apply the second prevention and control drug for the second prevention and control during the corn jointing stage;

[0056] Apply the third prevention and control drug at the end of the corn trumpeting stage for the third prevention and control;

[0057] The fourth prevention and control drug is applied during the corn filling period for the fourth prevention and control.

[0058] In a specific embodiment, the application method includes spraying. When spraying is used, the first, second, third, and fourth control drugs are diluted with water. The mass ratio of the first control drug to water is 1:(0.4-10); the mass ratio of the second control drug to water is 1:(0.4-10); the mass ratio of the third control drug to water is 1:(0.4-10); and the mass ratio of the fourth control drug to water is 1:(0.4-10). In a specific embodiment, the spraying method includes drone spraying and manual spraying. When the spraying method is drone spraying, the mass ratio of the first control drug to water can be 1:(0.4-1); the mass ratio of the second control drug to water is 1:(0.4-1); the mass ratio of the third control drug to water is 1:(0.4-1); and the mass ratio of the fourth control drug to water is 1:(0.4-1). When spraying is performed manually, the mass ratio of the first control drug to water can be 1:(5-10); the mass ratio of the second control drug to water can be 1:(5-10); the mass ratio of the third control drug to water can be 1:(5-10); and the mass ratio of the fourth control drug to water can be 1:(5-10). In a specific embodiment, the spraying amount is 3 L / mu.

[0059] To further illustrate the present invention, a drug combination for controlling corn diseases and insect pests provided by the present invention, as well as its application and control method are described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] First prevention and control (Green Leaf combination):

[0062] Period: During the seedling stage, corn has 3 to 6 visible leaves.

[0063] Dosage: Dissolve 500g of water-soluble fertilizer (macroelements), 200mL of sodium nitrophenolate and 200g of chlorfenapyr (carbamyl and chlorfenapyr) in 3L of water and spray by drone.

[0064] Effect: Reduce the probability of occurrence of pests such as armyworms and grass borers, and prevent the occurrence of purple seedlings and albino seedlings.

[0065] Second prevention and control (Kanto tumbler combination):

[0066] Period: During the jointing stage, spray when corn has 9 to 13 visible leaves; spray when strong seedlings have 10 leaves; spray when weak seedlings have 13 leaves.

[0067] Dosage: Mix 350mL of Kanto Tumbler (Brassica rapa·Ethephon), 500g of water-soluble fertilizer (macroelements) and 200g of Aframin (Carbapenem·Chlorantraniliprole) and dissolve them in 3L of water, and spray them by drone.

[0068] Effect: Prevent seedlings from falling over, prevent albinism, increase aerial rooting, increase leaf thickness, increase stem thickness and increase ear thickness.

[0069] The third prevention and control (Kanto Yuqing combination):

[0070] Period: The end of corn belling stage (before tasseling).

[0071] Dosage: Mix 500g of Guandong Yuqing (tebuconazole·propiconazole), 300g of Juwairen (avemectin·etoxazole), 1000g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 3kg of urea and dissolve them in 3L of water, and spray them by drone.

[0072] Effect: Reduce the probability of corn borer, two-spotted leaf beetle, thrips, and red spider pests, reduce the probability of large and small spot disease, gray spot disease, and rust disease, and promote the thickening of young ears.

[0073] The fourth round of prevention and control (Kanto Yujing combination):

[0074] Period: Grain filling period (around the beginning of autumn in early August).

[0075] Dosage: Mix 700g of Guandong Yujing (oxaflutazole·fluepiconazole), 300g of Juwairen (Abam·Ethiazole), 300g of Banganfeng (biphenyl·clothianidin), 1000g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 500g of sodium nitrophenolate and 3kg of urea and dissolve them in 3L of water, and spray them by drone.

[0076] Effect: Reduce the probability of the second generation of armyworms, second generation of corn borers, aphids and red spider pests, reduce the probability of the occurrence of large and small leaf spot, gray leaf spot, sheath blight and rust, prevent premature aging, promote early maturity and increase bulk density.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] The experimental site is located in Xinglong Village, Yitong Town, Yitong Manchu Autonomous County, Jilin Province. A randomized block experimental design is adopted, and the area of each plot is about 10 mu.

[0079] CK: All other aspects are the same except the reagent used; the reagent used is water;

[0080] SF: Apply the four-pesticide, the application method is the same as Example 1;

[0081] There were 2 treatments, 3 replicates for each treatment, and 6 plots in total.

[0082] According to the different periods of occurrence of different insect pests, a quantitative survey was conducted on them at the corresponding period. A five-point sampling method was used, and a total of 50 corn plants were sampled.

[0083] pass Figure 1 It can be found that compared with the control group (CK), the stem diameter ( Figure 1 A) and the number of aerial roots ( Figure 1 The results of the study showed a significant increase in B). The stem diameter increased by approximately 0.27 cm, an increase of approximately 11.1%, while the number of aerial roots increased by approximately 26, double the number of roots in the control group. This indicates that the four-pest control agent of the present invention can enhance corn's lodging resistance by increasing stem diameter and aerial root number (Note: Stem diameter and aerial root measurements were conducted before maturity, while the corresponding pest and disease surveys were conducted after four treatments).

[0084] Through the investigation of the disease rate of every 100 corn plants during the cultivation process, it was found that ( Figure 2 ), compared with not applying the four-pesticide, the application of the four-pesticide significantly reduced the incidence of corn. For example, under the premise of applying the four-pesticide, the incidence of corn leaf blight was reduced by 41.7% ( Figure 2 A), the prevalence of small spot disease decreased by 29.7% ( Figure 2 B), the incidence of gray spot disease was reduced by 34% ( Figure 2 C), the incidence of ear rot was reduced by 14.4% ( Figure 2 D in). It can be seen that the four-pesticide of the present invention plays an important role in reducing the incidence of corn.

[0085] At the same time, the insect infestation rate of every 100 corn plants was investigated during the cultivation process ( Figure 2 ) and found that the application of the four pest control drugs significantly reduced the probability of insect pests compared to not applying the four pest control drugs. For example, under the premise of applying the four pest control drugs, the probability of corn borers per 100 corn plants was reduced by 31% ( Figure 2 E), the probability of the first generation of sticky insects is reduced by 21.7% ( Figure 2 F in the , the probability of the two-spotted firefly leaf beetle's presence is reduced by 78.6% ( Figure 2 The probability of the second generation of sticky insects is reduced by 12.7% ( Figure 2 The probability of aphids spawning is reduced by 32% ( Figure 2 I), the probability of the presence of red spiders is reduced by 33.3% ( Figure 2 J) in the figure shows the important role of the four-pest control drugs in reducing the insect infestation rate of corn.

[0086] Further tracking and observation of yield showed that under the planting mode of applying four-pesticide (SF), the ear diameter increased by 11.6%, Figure 3A in the figure), grain depth (increase by 30%, Figure 3 B in the figure), and the number of rows (increased by 17.4%, Figure 3 The C) in the experiment was significantly higher than the common planting pattern (CK). The yield per mu of 6 experimental plots was measured (the moisture content of corn kernels was 14%, Figure 3 In D), the yield under the application of the four-pesticide was significantly different from that of the control group, with an increase of about 100 kg per mu, an increase of 14.8% compared with the control group.

[0087] Example 3

[0088] The experimental site is located in Xinglong Village, Yitong Town, Yitong Manchu Autonomous County, Jilin Province. A randomized block experimental design is adopted, and the area of each plot is about 10 mu.

[0089] CK1: clean water; except for the different reagents (clean water), all other conditions are the same;

[0090] CK2: Zhiqingsong (for 6-8 leaves, 30 ml diluted 100 times, sprayed once by drone), registration number: PD20173186;

[0091] SF: Apply the four-pesticide, the application method is the same as Example 1;

[0092] There were 3 treatments in total, 3 replicates for each treatment, and 9 plots in total.

[0093] According to the different periods of occurrence of different insect pests, a quantitative survey was conducted on them at the corresponding period. A five-point sampling method was used, and a total of 50 corn plants were sampled.

[0094] pass Figure 4 It can be found that compared with the two control groups, the stem diameter ( Figure 4 A) and the number of aerial roots ( Figure 4 The results of the study showed that the stem diameter of the two control groups increased by 8-10%, and the number of aerial roots increased by about 20-25. This indicates that the four-pesticide can increase corn's lodging resistance by increasing stem diameter and the number of aerial roots, thereby increasing yield.

[0095] Through the investigation of the disease rate of every 100 corn plants during the cultivation process, it was found that ( Figure 5 ), compared with the two control groups, the application of four pest control drugs significantly reduced the incidence of corn. For example, under the premise of applying four pest control drugs, the incidence of corn leaf blight was reduced by 41.7% and 28% respectively ( Figure 5 A), the prevalence of small spot disease decreased by 29.7% and 24% ( Figure 5 B), the incidence of gray spot disease decreased by 34.3% and 27% ( Figure 5The incidence of ear rot was reduced by 14.6% and 11.6% ( Figure 5 D in). It can be seen that the four-pesticide of the present invention plays an important role in reducing the incidence of corn.

[0096] At the same time, the insect infestation rate of every 100 corn plants was investigated during the cultivation process ( Figure 6 ) and found that compared with the two control groups, the application of the four pest control drugs significantly reduced the probability of insect pests. For example, under the premise of applying the four pest control drugs, the probability of corn borers per 100 corn plants decreased by 31% and 16% ( Figure 6 A), the probability of the existence of the first generation of sticky insects decreased by 21.4% and 10.7% ( Figure 6 B), the probability of the presence of the two-spotted firefly leaf beetle decreased by 78% and 45% ( Figure 6 C), the probability of the second generation of sticky insects decreased by 12.7% and 5.4% ( Figure 6 D), the probability of aphids generation decreased by 32% and 24.4% ( Figure 6 E), the probability of the presence of red spiders is reduced by 33.3% and 25% ( Figure 6 F) in the figure shows the important role of the four-pest control drugs in reducing the insect infestation rate of corn.

[0097] Further tracking and observation of yield revealed that under the planting pattern of applying four-proof drugs (SF), the ear diameter increased by 9-10%, Figure 7 A in the figure), particle depth (increase of 30-40%, Figure 7 B in the figure), and the number of rows (increase of 6 to 17%, Figure 7 C) in the experiment were significantly higher than those in the common planting patterns (CK1 and CK2). The yield per mu (grain moisture content 14%) was measured in 6 experimental plots. The yield under the application of the four-pesticide was significantly different from that under the control group, with an increase of about 90 to 120 kg per mu, an increase of 10 to 15% compared with the control group. Figure 7 D in.

[0098] Example 4

[0099] The experiment was conducted in Xinglong Village, Yitong Town, Yitong Manchu Autonomous County, Jilin Province. A randomized block experimental design was adopted, with each plot covering an area of approximately 1 mu.

[0100] SF-1: The first prevention and control is missing, and the other steps are the same as Example 1;

[0101] SF-2: lacks the second prevention and control, and other steps are the same as Example 1;

[0102] SF-3: lacks the third prevention and control, and other steps are the same as Example 1;

[0103] SF-4: lack of the fourth prevention and control, other steps are the same as Example 1;

[0104] SF: Four-prevention normal treatment, same as Example 1.

[0105] There were 5 treatments in total, 3 replicates for each treatment, and 15 plots in total. The equidistant sampling method was used, and a total of 30 corn plants were sampled.

[0106] The study found that missing any one of the four control measures would greatly reduce the probability of controlling pests and diseases. Figure 8 and Figure 9 The probability of corn borer occurrence increased by 6-16% compared with the four-prevention group ( Figure 9 A), the probability of producing the first generation of armyworms increased by 2-9% compared with the four-prevention group ( Figure 9 B) ， The probability of the second generation of armyworms was 1-5% higher than that of the four-prevention group ( Figure 9 D) ， The probability of occurrence of two-spotted firefly leaf beetle increased by 3-29% compared with the four-prevention group ( Figure 9 C), the probability of aphids appearing increased by 7-23% compared with the four-prevention group ( Figure 9 E) ， The probability of red spider mites generation increased by 7-22% compared with the four-protection group ( Figure 9 Compared with the four-prevention group, the incidence of large leaf spot, small leaf spot, gray leaf spot and ear rot in other groups increased by 3-28% ( Figure 8 A), 5-24% ( Figure 8 B), 7-27% ( Figure 8 C), 2-10% ( Figure 8 D) in.

[0107] Although the above embodiment provides a detailed description of the present invention, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drug combination for preventing and controlling corn diseases and insect pests, characterized in that: The drug combination includes a first prevention and control drug, a second prevention and control drug, a third prevention and control drug, and a fourth prevention and control drug; The first control drug comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 to 6 parts of a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer, 1 to 3 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 0.026 to 0.078 parts of emamectin and 0.09 to 0.27 parts of chlorantraniliprole; The second control drug comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.9-1.2 parts of ethephon, 0.00001-0.0014 parts of brassinolide, 4-6 parts of macronutrient water-soluble fertilizer, 0.026-0.078 parts of emamectin, and 0.09-0.27 parts of chlorantraniliprole; The third control drug comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.8-1.2 parts of tebuconazole, 0.4-0.6 parts of pyraclostrobin, 0.4-0.8 parts of etoxazole, 0.06-0.12 parts of abamectin, 4.698-5.742 parts of phosphate fertilizer, and 4.667-14.009 parts of nitrogen fertilizer; The fourth control drug includes the following components in parts by weight: 0.738-0.984 parts of pyraclostrobin, 0.282-0.376 parts of fluphenazine, 0.4-0.8 parts of etoxazole, 0.06-0.12 parts of abamectin, 0.1-0.2 parts of bifenthrin, 0.1-0.2 parts of clothianidin, 4-6 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 4.698-5.742 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 9.334-18.668 parts of nitrogen fertilizer; In the macro-element water-soluble fertilizer, the mass ratio of N, P2O5 and K2O is 1:1:1 based on the mass of N, P2O5 and K2O; The weight parts of the phosphate fertilizer are calculated based on the mass of P2O5, and the weight parts of the nitrogen fertilizer are calculated based on the mass of N.

2. Use of the drug combination according to claim 1 for the effects described in any one of items ① to ④: ①Prevent and control crop diseases; ②Prevent and control crop insect pests; ③Increase crop resistance to lodging; ④Increase crop yield.

3. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that The crops include densely planted crops.

4. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that The densely planted crops include corn.

5. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that The diseases include any one or more of purple seedlings, albino seedlings, large leaf spot, small leaf spot, gray leaf spot, ear rot, sheath blight and rust.

6. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that The insect pests include insect pests caused by any one of the following pests: armyworm, grass borer, corn borer, two-spotted leaf beetle, thrips, red spider and aphid.

7. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that The increasing of the crop's lodging resistance includes increasing the crop's lodging resistance by increasing the number of aerial roots, increasing the stem thickness, or any one of more of the following.

8. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that The increasing of crop yield includes increasing crop yield by any one or more of increasing ear diameter, increasing grain depth and increasing the number of grain rows.

9. A method for controlling corn diseases and insect pests, improving corn lodging resistance, and increasing corn yield based on the drug combination of claim 1, comprising the following steps: Apply the first control drug at the corn seedling stage for the first control; Apply the second prevention and control drug for the second prevention and control during the corn jointing stage; Apply the third prevention and control drug at the end of the corn trumpeting stage for the third prevention and control; The fourth prevention and control drug is applied during the corn filling period for the fourth prevention and control.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The application method includes spraying; when the application method is spraying, the first prevention and control drug, the second prevention and control drug, the third prevention and control drug and the fourth prevention and control drug are mixed with water for dilution respectively; the mass ratio of the first prevention and control drug to water is 1: (0.4~10); the mass ratio of the second prevention and control drug to water is 1: (0.4~10); the mass ratio of the third prevention and control drug to water is 1: (0.4~10); the mass ratio of the fourth prevention and control drug to water is 1: (0.4~10).

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