Solder mask painting device for circuit board

Abstract

The invention discloses a circuit board solder mask smearing device, and relates to the technical field of integrated circuit manufacturing, the circuit board solder mask smearing device comprises a circuit board painting assembly, and the top of the circuit board painting assembly is provided with a detection leveling assembly and a limiting assembly. When the circuit board flattening device is used, the industrial camera is started to shoot images of the circuit board and the horizontal reference strip, and when the PLC recognizes that the circuit board is not flat, the leveling motor is started to drive the silica gel flattening ball to make flexible contact with the side edge of the circuit board and generate downward force to flatten the circuit board. The industrial camera detects again, and when the circuit board is horizontal at the moment, the limiting assembly and the circuit board painting assembly are started in sequence to spray solder mask paint; and if the circuit board is still uneven, the circuit board has the problems of warping and deformation, and a warning lamp is triggered. The horizontal state of the circuit board is intelligently detected, different operations are adopted according to the detection result, and the circuit board with the problem is timely found through leveling operation detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of integrated circuit manufacturing, in particular to a device for applying solder mask paint to a circuit board. Background Art

[0002] An integrated circuit board, also known as a printed circuit board, is an electronic component composed of an insulating substrate, copper foil traces, vias, and pads, providing electrical connections and physical support for electronic devices. During the manufacturing process, solder mask is applied to the surface of the circuit board, creating a continuous protective film that isolates the metal traces from the outside world, protecting them from oxidation and corrosion and improving insulation performance.

[0003] Traditionally, solder mask coating on circuit boards is usually done manually, but manual coating is prone to uneven coating. Using spraying equipment can more evenly coat solder mask on the circuit board, improving the coating quality of the circuit board.

[0004] In the prior art, when spraying solder mask on a circuit board, workers generally manually place the circuit board into the sliding groove of a spray paint station. When the circuit board is not placed horizontally, the workers cannot discover and adjust the circuit board in time, resulting in the circuit board being tilted or unevenly tilted at one end when the solder mask is applied. In this case, it is easy to cause uneven spraying, reduce the effect of solder mask application, and affect the subsequent installation and welding of electronic components on the circuit board.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a circuit board solder mask coating device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a circuit board solder mask coating device to solve the problem proposed in the above background technology that when applying solder mask to a circuit board, when the circuit board is not placed horizontally, the staff cannot discover it in time, resulting in the circuit board being coated with solder mask in an uneven state, causing uneven paint spraying and reducing the effect of solder mask coating.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a circuit board solder mask coating device, comprising a circuit board coating assembly, wherein a detection and leveling assembly and a limit assembly are provided on the top of the circuit board coating assembly;

[0008] The detection and leveling assembly includes two industrial cameras and two horizontal reference bars. A rotating sleeve is provided at the bottom of the two horizontal reference bars. Three hook rods are fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of the two rotating sleeves. Three hook rods of each vertically distributed six hook rods form a group. One end of the two groups of hook rods is fixedly installed with a flattening bar. The outer surfaces of the two flattening bars are fixedly connected with a plurality of silicone flattening balls. The industrial camera is responsible for capturing images of the edges of the circuit board and the edges of the horizontal reference bars. The rotating sleeve mainly drives the hook rods and the flattening bars to rotate and provides rotational force for the flattening bars. The flattening bars and silicone flattening balls are responsible for flexible contact with the edges of the circuit board and provide flattening force to the edges of the circuit board to make the circuit board placed horizontally.

[0009] Preferably, a painting table is provided between opposite sides of the two industrial cameras, a rotating shaft is fixedly installed inside the two rotating sleeves, a driven wheel is fixedly installed at one end of the two rotating shafts, the outer surfaces of the two driven wheels are meshed and connected with chains, the inner surfaces of the two chains are meshed and connected with driving wheels, the outer surfaces of the two driving wheels are meshed and connected, a leveling motor is installed on the rear surface of the painting table through an auxiliary plate, and a support rod is fixedly installed inside the two driving wheels.

[0010] Preferably, two embedded grooves are provided inside the painting table, two circuit board slides are provided on the top of the painting table, three first rotation holes are provided on the outer surfaces of both sides of the painting table, second rotation holes are provided on the front surfaces of the outer surfaces of both sides of the painting table, and limiting holes are provided on the bottom surfaces of the two circuit board slides.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting assembly includes two electromagnets and two permanent magnets, the tops of the two permanent magnets are fixedly mounted with movable plates, the tops of the two movable plates are fixedly mounted with hollow limiting cylinders, the tops of the two hollow limiting cylinders are movably embedded in the inside of the two limiting holes, and the same magnetism between the permanent magnets and the electromagnets generates an upward thrust on the permanent magnets, and the hollow limiting cylinders are forced to be ejected from the limiting holes to position the front side of the circuit board, and the bottoms of the two electromagnets are fixedly mounted with mounting shells, and two connecting rods are fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the other end of the two rotating shafts, and one end of each of the two connecting rods is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the two mounting shells.

[0012] Preferably, the limit assembly also includes two limit frames, the bottoms of the two limit frames are fixedly connected with anti-collision sponges, the tops of the two electromagnets are respectively in contact with the bottoms of the two anti-collision sponges, the outer surfaces of the two movable plates are respectively movably embedded in the interior of the two limit frames, the top surfaces of the interior of the two limit frames are fixedly connected with springs, one end of the two springs are respectively fixedly installed on the bottom surfaces of the interior of the two movable plates, and the two limit frames are respectively fixedly installed in the interior of the two embedded grooves.

[0013] Preferably, the circuit board painting assembly includes a stand, a longitudinal feeding mechanism and a paint box are respectively arranged on the top of the stand, a transverse feeding mechanism and a vertical moving mechanism are arranged inside the paint box, a spray gun system is arranged on the front surface of the vertical moving mechanism, a PLC controller is fixedly installed on the front surface of the top of the stand, and a warning light is arranged on the edge of the front surface of the paint box.

[0014] Preferably, two mounting plates are installed on the top of the stand near the longitudinal feed mechanism by bolts, the two industrial cameras are respectively installed on the outer surface of one side of the two mounting plates by screws, the bottom of the painting table is installed on the top of the longitudinal feed mechanism, the outer surfaces of the six bent hook rods are respectively movably embedded in the inside of the six first rotating holes, and the outer surfaces of the two rotating sleeves are respectively movably embedded in the inside of the two embedded grooves.

[0015] Preferably, the other ends of the two rotating shafts are movably embedded in the front surface walls inside the two embedded grooves, and one ends of the two rotating shafts are movably penetrated to the rear surface of the painting platform. The output end of the leveling motor is fixedly connected to one end of one of the support rods, and one end of the other support rod is movably sleeved with a support frame. The other ends of the two support rods are movably embedded in the rear surface of the painting platform, and the front surface of the support frame is fixedly installed on the rear surface of the painting platform. The bottoms of the two horizontal reference bars are respectively fixedly installed on the top of the painting platform near the two circuit board slides.

[0016] A circuit board solder mask coating and leveling system, comprising: an image acquisition module, a visual analysis and processing module, a main control module, a leveling module, an information display and warning module, and an auxiliary positioning module;

[0017] The image acquisition module is responsible for acquiring image information of the circuit board and providing data support for subsequent analysis and processing;

[0018] The visual analysis and processing module is responsible for processing and analyzing the image acquired by the image acquisition module, determining whether the circuit board is in a horizontal state, and extracting relevant position information;

[0019] The main control module is responsible for coordinating the work between the various modules of the system and issuing corresponding control instructions based on the results of the visual analysis and processing module;

[0020] The leveling module mainly adjusts the uneven circuit board to a horizontal position according to the instructions of the main control module;

[0021] The information display and warning module displays the system's working status and detection results to the operator, and issues an alarm signal in a timely manner when an abnormal situation occurs;

[0022] The auxiliary positioning module is mainly used to limit and fix the horizontally placed circuit board.

[0023] Preferably, the visual analysis and processing module includes an information preprocessing unit, an edge contour extraction unit and a feature extraction and calculation unit;

[0024] The information preprocessing unit is responsible for performing preliminary processing on the collected original image to improve the image quality;

[0025] The edge contour extraction unit is responsible for detecting the edge information of the target object in the image, extracting the features that can represent its contour, and determining the edge by calculating the magnitude and direction of the gradient:

[0026]

[0027]

[0028] Where (x, y) is each pixel in the image, Gx(x, y) is the gradient approximation in the x direction, and Gy(x, y) is the gradient approximation in the y direction;

[0029] The feature extraction and calculation unit mainly extracts features related to the horizontal state of the circuit board from the results obtained by the edge contour extraction unit, performs calculation and analysis to determine whether the circuit board is horizontal, and feeds the result information back to the main control module.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. When the present invention is used, the industrial camera is started to capture images of the circuit board and the horizontal reference bar. When the PLC controller recognizes that the circuit board is uneven, the leveling motor is started, the rotating sleeve is driven to rotate the hook rod upward, and the two flattening bars are rotated toward the top of the circuit board, so that the silicone flattening ball flexibly contacts the side of the circuit board and generates a downward force to flatten the circuit board, and then the flattening bars return to their initial state. The industrial camera detects again, and when the circuit board is horizontal, the limit assembly and the circuit board painting assembly are started in sequence to spray solder mask paint; if the circuit board is still uneven, it indicates that the circuit board has warping or deformation problems, and the warning light is triggered. The horizontal state of the circuit board is intelligently detected by the horizontal reference bar, and different response operations are taken according to the detection results. The circuit board is detected through the leveling operation to detect whether there are warping or deformation problems, and the problem circuit board is discovered in time. The circuit board is always kept in a horizontal state for movement and solder mask spraying, which is conducive to improving the uniformity of the paint spraying.

[0032] 2. When the present invention is used, after the electromagnet is started, magnetism is generated, which pushes the permanent magnet to move upward, and the hollow limiting cylinder is pushed upward out of the limiting hole through the movable plate, and contacts the front side of the circuit board. With the cooperation of the painting table, the circuit board is limited to prevent the circuit board from sliding forward in the circuit board slide due to inertia during subsequent movement, causing the circuit board to deviate, resulting in uneven spraying of the solder mask paint, and affecting the subsequent overall spraying effect.

[0033] 3. When the present invention is used, the image acquisition module obtains a clear and accurate comparison image of the edge of the circuit board and the top edge of the horizontal reference bar. The information preprocessing unit performs preliminary processing on the original image collected by the image acquisition module. The edge contour extraction unit detects the edge information of the circuit board and the horizontal reference bar in the image and extracts features that can represent their contours. The feature extraction and calculation unit extracts features related to the horizontal state of the circuit board from the results detected by the edge contour extraction unit, calculates feature parameters such as the angle or distance difference between the edge of the circuit board and the edge of the horizontal reference bar, and compares the calculated feature parameters with a preset threshold to determine whether the circuit board is in a horizontal state. The main control module triggers the leveling module or the auxiliary positioning module based on the received result information. The leveling module adjusts the uneven circuit board according to the instructions of the main control module. The auxiliary positioning module adjusts the circuit board according to the instructions of the main control module after the circuit board is leveled. The information display and warning module displays the system's working status and detection results to the operator, and promptly issues an alarm signal when an abnormal situation occurs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a front perspective view of a circuit board solder mask coating device according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2This is a perspective view of the structure of a circuit board solder mask coating device for workers of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the structure of a detection and leveling component in a circuit board solder mask coating device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the structure of a paint station in a circuit board solder mask coating device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the structure of the paint station in the circuit board solder mask coating device of the present invention from another angle;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of an embedded groove in a circuit board solder mask coating device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the structure of a transfer sleeve in a circuit board solder mask coating device according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the structure of a limiter assembly in a circuit board solder mask coating device according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the structure of a permanent magnet in a circuit board solder mask coating device according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a diagram of a leveling system for a circuit board solder mask coating device according to the present invention.

[0044] In the picture:

[0045] 1. Circuit board painting assembly; 101. Stand; 102. Longitudinal feed mechanism; 103. PLC controller; 104. Painting box; 105. Warning light; 106. Horizontal feed mechanism; 107. Vertical movement mechanism; 108. Spray gun system; 2. Detection and leveling assembly; 201. Industrial camera; 202. Painting table; 203. Mounting plate; 204. Circuit board slide; 205. First rotary hole; 206. Second rotary hole; 207. Limit hole; 208. Horizontal reference bar; 209. Rotating sleeve; 210. Hook rod; 211. Flattening bar; 212. Silicone flattening ball; 213. Rotating shaft; 214. Driven wheel; 215 , chain; 216, driving wheel; 217, support rod; 218, leveling motor; 219, support frame; 220, embedded groove; 3, limit assembly; 301, connecting rod; 302, mounting shell; 303, electromagnet; 304, limit frame; 305, movable plate; 306, spring; 307, hollow limit cylinder; 308, permanent magnet; 309, anti-collision sponge; 4, image acquisition module; 5, visual analysis and processing module; 51, information preprocessing unit; 52, edge contour extraction unit; 53, feature extraction and calculation unit; 6, main control module; 7, leveling module; 8, information display and warning module; 9, auxiliary positioning module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-10As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a circuit board solder mask coating device, comprising a circuit board coating component 1, a detection and leveling component 2 and a limit component 3 are arranged on the top of the circuit board coating component 1; the detection and leveling component 2 comprises two industrial cameras 201 and two horizontal reference bars 208, a rotating sleeve 209 is arranged at the bottom of the two horizontal reference bars 208, three hook rods 210 are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the two rotating sleeves 209, and the six hook rods 210 are vertically distributed in each group of three hook rods 210, one end of the two groups of hook rods 210 are fixedly installed with a flattening bar 211, and the outer surfaces of the two flattening bars 211 are fixedly connected with a plurality of silicone flattening balls 212, and the industrial camera 201 is responsible for the edge of the circuit board and the horizontal reference bar 208 The edge of the circuit board is used for image acquisition. The rotating sleeve 209 mainly drives the hook rod 210 and the flattening bar 211 to rotate, providing rotational force for the flattening bar 211. The flattening bar 211 and the silicone flattening ball 212 are responsible for flexible contact with the edge of the circuit board and provide flattening force on the edge of the circuit board so that the circuit board is placed horizontally. A painting table 202 is set between the opposite sides of the two industrial cameras 201. The interiors of the two rotating sleeves 209 are fixedly installed with rotating shafts 213, and one end of the two rotating shafts 213 is fixedly installed with driven wheels 214. The outer surfaces of the two driven wheels 214 are meshed with chains 215. The interiors of the two chains 215 are meshed with driving wheels 216. The outer surfaces of the two driving wheels 216 are meshed and connected. The rear surface of the painting table 202 is connected by The auxiliary plate is equipped with a leveling motor 218, and the interiors of the two driving wheels 216 are fixedly equipped with support rods 217. The interior of the painting platform 202 is provided with two embedded grooves 220, and the top of the painting platform 202 is provided with two circuit board slides 204. The outer surfaces of both sides of the painting platform 202 are provided with three first rotation holes 205, and the front surfaces of the outer surfaces of both sides of the painting platform 202 are provided with second rotation holes 206. The bottom surfaces of the two circuit board slides 204 are provided with limiting holes 207. The circuit board painting assembly 1 includes a stand 101, and a longitudinal feeding mechanism 102 and a paint box 104 are respectively provided on the top of the stand 101. A transverse feeding mechanism 106 and a vertical moving mechanism 107 are provided inside the paint box 104. The front surface of the vertical moving mechanism 107 A spray gun system 108 is provided on the surface, a PLC controller 103 is fixedly installed on the front surface of the top of the platform 101, a warning light 105 is provided on the edge of the front surface of the paint box 104, two mounting plates 203 are installed by bolts near the top of the platform 101 near the longitudinal feeding mechanism 102, two industrial cameras 201 are respectively mounted on the outer surface of one side of the two mounting plates 203 by screws, the bottom of the paint table 202 is mounted on the top of the longitudinal feeding mechanism 102, the outer surfaces of the six hook rods 210 are respectively movably embedded in the inside of the six first rotating holes 205, the outer surfaces of the two rotating sleeves 209 are respectively movably embedded in the inside of the two embedded grooves 220, and the other ends of the two rotating shafts 213 are respectively movably embedded in the front surface walls inside the two embedded grooves 220.One end of each of the two rotating shafts 213 movably extends through the rear surface of the painting platform 202. The output end of the leveling motor 218 is fixedly connected to one end of one of the support rods 217. One end of the other support rod 217 movably sleeves a support frame 219. The other ends of both support rods 217 are movably embedded in the rear surface of the painting platform 202. The front surface of the support frame 219 is fixedly mounted on the rear surface of the painting platform 202. The bottoms of the two horizontal reference bars 208 are fixedly mounted on the top of the painting platform 202 near the two circuit board slides 204.

[0048] In this embodiment, during use, the longitudinal feed mechanism 102, warning light 105, lateral feed mechanism 106, vertical movement mechanism 107, spray gun system 108, industrial camera 201, leveling motor 218, electromagnet 303, and PLC controller 103 are electrically connected. The longitudinal feed mechanism 102, warning light 105, lateral feed mechanism 106, vertical movement mechanism 107, and spray gun system 108 are all existing, mature technologies and will not be described in detail here. The spray gun system 108 is connected to an external solder mask supply device via a pipe. A circuit board is placed in the two circuit board slides 204, with the rear side of the board contacting the rear side of the interior of the painting station 202. At this point, two horizontal reference bars 208 are located on either side of the circuit board. Start two industrial cameras 201 to capture images of the two side surfaces of the circuit board and the two horizontal reference bars 208 respectively, and transmit the captured image information to the PLC controller 103 for identification and analysis. By judging whether the top edge of the side surface of the circuit board is flush with the horizontal top edge of the horizontal reference bar 208, it is judged whether the circuit board is placed horizontally. When the PLC controller 103 recognizes that the top edge of the side surface of the circuit board is flush with the horizontal top edge of the horizontal reference bar 208, it will start the limit component 3 to limit the front side surface of the circuit board so that the circuit board is fixed in the painting table 202, and then start the longitudinal feeding mechanism 102 to drive the painting table 202 to move backward, so that the circuit board moves to the bottom of the spray gun system 108. Then start the vertical moving mechanism 107, drive the spray gun system 108 to move downward, maintain a suitable spraying distance between it and the circuit board, and then start the external solder mask supply equipment to transport the solder mask to the spray gun system 108. The nozzle of the spray gun system 108 sprays the solder mask onto the circuit board. With the cooperation of the horizontal feeding mechanism 106 and the longitudinal feeding mechanism 102, the solder mask is applied to the surface of the circuit board. When the PLC controller 103 recognizes that the top edge of the side of the circuit board is misaligned with the horizontal top edge of the horizontal reference bar 208, it indicates that the circuit board is not placed flat. Then the PLC controller 103 will start the leveling motor 218, and its output end drives the two driving wheels 216 to rotate in opposite directions, which in turn drives the two driven wheels 214 to rotate in opposite directions through the corresponding chains 215, and drives the two rotating shafts 213 to rotate in opposite directions, while generating a rotational force on the two rotating sleeves 209. Through the rotation of the two rotating sleeves 209, the hook rod 210 is driven to rotate upward in the first rotating hole 205, thereby driving the two flattening bars 211 to rotate simultaneously toward the two sides of the top of the circuit board. At this time, the silicone flattening balls 212 first flexibly contact the top side of the circuit board to prevent wear of the circuit board surface due to mechanical contact. At the same time, the flattening bars 211 and the silicone flattening balls 212 generate a downward thrust on the two sides of the circuit board surface, so that the circuit board is flattened in the two circuit board slides 204, thereby maintaining a horizontal placement state.The output end of the leveling motor 218 then rotates in the opposite direction, driving the two flattening bars 211 to rotate from the surface of the circuit board back to the side of the painting table 202, restoring the initial state. The industrial camera 201 then again captures the flattened side edges of the circuit board and the top edge of the horizontal reference bar 208, retesting the circuit board's condition. If the top edge of the circuit board is flush with the horizontal edge of the horizontal reference bar 208 after retesting, the limit assembly 3 and the circuit board painting assembly 1 are activated to spray solder mask. If, during retesting, the top edge of the circuit board is found to be misaligned with the horizontal edge of the horizontal reference bar 208 again, this indicates that the circuit board is not placed unevenly, but rather warped or deformed. At this point, the PLC controller 103 will control the warning light 105 to illuminate, alerting the operator that the circuit board has a quality problem and needs to be removed immediately to reduce further resource waste and production delays caused by the problem circuit board entering the next process. Under the action of the detection and leveling component 2, the horizontal state of the circuit board is intelligently detected through the horizontal reference bar 208, and different response operations are taken according to the detection results. The circuit board is detected through the leveling operation to see if there are warping and deformation problems, and the problem circuit board is discovered in time. Under the action of the limiting component 3, the circuit board is always kept in a horizontal state for movement and solder mask spraying, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of painting and solves the problem that when the circuit board is applied with solder mask, when the circuit board is not placed horizontally, the staff cannot discover it in time, resulting in the circuit board being applied with solder mask in an uneven state, causing uneven painting and reducing the effect of solder mask application.

[0049] Example 2: Figure 6-Figure 9As shown, the interior of the two rotating sleeves 209 is fixedly installed with a rotating shaft 213, one end of the two rotating shafts 213 is fixedly installed with a driven wheel 214, the outer surfaces of the two driven wheels 214 are meshed with a chain 215, the interior of the two chains 215 is meshed with a driving wheel 216, the outer surfaces of the two driving wheels 216 are meshed and connected, and a leveling motor 218 is installed on the rear surface of the painting platform 202 through an auxiliary plate, and the interior of the two driving wheels 216 is fixedly installed with a support rod 217, and the output end of the leveling motor 218 is fixedly connected to one end of one of the support rods 217, and the limiting component 3 includes two electromagnets 303 and two permanent magnets 308, and the top of the two permanent magnets 308 is fixedly installed with a movable plate 305, and the top of the two movable plates 305 is fixedly installed with a hollow limiting cylinder 307, and the tops of the two hollow limiting cylinders 307 are respectively movably embedded in the interior of the two limiting holes 207, and the same magnetic field between the permanent magnet 308 and the electromagnet 303 The permanent magnet 308 generates an upward thrust, and the hollow limiting cylinder 307 is forced to be ejected from the limiting hole 207 to position the front side of the circuit board. The bottom of the two electromagnets 303 are fixedly installed with a mounting shell 302, and two connecting rods 301 are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the other end of the two rotating shafts 213. One end of each of the two connecting rods 301 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the two mounting shells 302. The limiting assembly 3 also includes two limiting frames 304, and the bottoms of the two limiting frames 304 are fixedly connected with anti-collision sponges 309. The tops of the two electromagnets 303 are in contact with the bottoms of the two anti-collision sponges 309 respectively. The outer surfaces of the two movable plates 305 are respectively movably embedded in the interior of the two limiting frames 304, and the top surfaces of the interior of the two limiting frames 304 are fixedly connected with springs 306. One end of the two springs 306 is respectively fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the interior of the two movable plates 305, and the two limiting frames 304 are respectively fixedly installed in the interior of the two embedded grooves 220.

[0050] In this embodiment, when in use, the magnetism of the electromagnet 303 and the permanent magnet 308 on the opposite side is the same. After the two electromagnets 303 are started, magnetism is generated. According to the principle of like charges repel each other, the repelling magnetism pushes the permanent magnet 308 upward through the anti-collision sponge 309 and the square hole at the bottom of the limit frame 304, and pushes the movable plate 305 upward. While squeezing the spring 306, the hollow limit cylinder 307 is pushed upward out of the limit hole 207 and contacts the front side of the circuit board. With the cooperation of the painting table 202, the circuit board is limited to prevent the circuit board from sliding forward in the circuit board slide 204 due to inertia during subsequent movement, causing the circuit board to deviate, resulting in uneven spraying of the solder mask paint, and affecting the subsequent overall spraying effect.

[0051] Example 3: Figure 10As shown, a circuit board solder mask coating and leveling system includes: an image acquisition module 4, a visual analysis and processing module 5, a main control module 6, a leveling module 7, an information display and warning module 8 and an auxiliary positioning module 9; the image acquisition module 4 is responsible for acquiring the image information of the circuit board and providing data support for subsequent analysis and processing; the visual analysis and processing module 5 is responsible for processing and analyzing the image acquired by the image acquisition module 4, judging whether the circuit board is in a horizontal state, and extracting relevant position information; the main control module 6 is responsible for coordinating the work between the various modules of the system, and issuing corresponding control instructions according to the results of the visual analysis and processing module 5; the leveling module 7 mainly adjusts the circuit board according to the instructions of the main control module 6. The horizontal circuit board is adjusted to a horizontal state; the information display and warning module 8 displays the system's working status and detection results to the operator, and issues an alarm signal in time when an abnormal situation occurs; the auxiliary positioning module 9 mainly limits and fixes the horizontally placed circuit board. The visual analysis and processing module 5 includes an information preprocessing unit 51, an edge contour extraction unit 52, and a feature extraction and calculation unit 53; the information preprocessing unit 51 is responsible for performing preliminary processing on the collected original image to improve the image quality; the edge contour extraction unit 52 is responsible for detecting the edge information of the target object in the image, extracting the features that can represent its contour, and determining the edge by calculating the amplitude and direction of the gradient: Among them, (x, y) is each pixel point in the image, Gx(x, y) is the gradient approximation in the x direction, and Gy(x, y) is the gradient approximation in the y direction; the feature extraction and calculation unit 53 mainly extracts features related to the horizontal state of the circuit board from the results obtained by the edge contour extraction unit 52, and performs calculation and analysis to determine whether the circuit board is horizontal, and feeds back the result information to the main control module 6.

[0052] In this embodiment, during use, the image acquisition module 4 is primarily responsible for acquiring a clear and accurate comparison image of the edge of the circuit board and the top edge of the horizontal reference bar 208, displaying the circuit board's details and its relative positional relationship with the horizontal reference bar 208, providing data support for subsequent analysis and processing. The information preprocessing unit 51 within the visual analysis and processing module 5 then performs preliminary processing on the original image captured by the image acquisition module 4, including image filtering, grayscale processing, and image enhancement. This highlights useful information in the image, making the edges of the circuit board and the horizontal reference bar 208 clearer, improving image quality, and providing a better foundation for subsequent analysis and processing. The edge contour extraction unit 52 then detects edge information of the circuit board and the horizontal reference bar 208 in the image, extracting features that represent their contours. Using an edge detection algorithm, the edges of the circuit board and the horizontal reference bar 208 are extracted as pixels. The edges are determined by calculating the gradient amplitude and direction, forming edge contours that provide a basis for subsequent angle and distance calculations. Finally, the feature extraction and calculation unit 53 extracts features related to the horizontal state of the circuit board from the results detected by the edge contour extraction unit 52. Based on the edge contour, it calculates characteristic parameters such as the angle or distance difference between the edge of the circuit board and the edge of the horizontal reference bar 208. The calculated characteristic parameters are compared with preset thresholds to determine whether the circuit board is horizontal. The judgment result is then fed back to the main control module 6. The main control module 6 triggers the leveling module 7 or the auxiliary positioning module 9 based on the received result information. The leveling module 7 adjusts the uneven circuit board to a horizontal position according to the instructions of the main control module 6. The auxiliary positioning module 9, according to the instructions of the main control module 6, limits and fixes the circuit board after it is leveled to prevent it from sliding or deviating during the movement of the spray booth. At the same time, the information display and warning module 8 displays the system's operating status and detection results to the operator, and promptly issues an alarm signal when an abnormality occurs.

[0053] The overall mechanism achieves the following effects and operates as follows: a circuit board is placed into two circuit board slides 204, which abut against the rear side of the interior of a painting station 202. Two industrial cameras 201 are activated to capture images of the two sides of the circuit board and two horizontal reference bars 208, respectively. The captured image information is transmitted to the PLC controller 103 for recognition and analysis. When the circuit board is placed horizontally, the limit assembly 3 is activated to secure the circuit board in the painting station 202. The longitudinal feed mechanism 102 is then activated, driving the painting station 202 backward, allowing the circuit board to move below the spray gun system 108. The vertical movement mechanism 107 is then activated, driving the spray gun system 108 downward, maintaining an appropriate spray distance from the circuit board. An external solder mask supply device is then activated to deliver solder mask to the spray gun system 108, where the spray nozzle of the spray gun system 108 sprays the solder mask onto the circuit board. With the cooperation of the transverse feed mechanism 106 and the longitudinal feed mechanism 102, the solder mask is applied to the circuit board surface. If the circuit board is unevenly placed, the leveling motor 218 is activated. Its output drives the two driving wheels 216 to rotate in the opposite direction. This, in turn, drives the two driven wheels 214 in the opposite direction via the corresponding chain 215, and the two rotating shafts 213 in the opposite direction. The rotating sleeve 209 then drives the hook rod 210 upward, which in turn drives the two flattening bars 211 to rotate simultaneously toward the circuit board. The silicone flattening balls 212 flexibly contact the top and sides of the circuit board, generating a downward thrust that flattens the circuit board within the two circuit board slides 204, thereby maintaining its horizontal position. The output of the leveling motor 218 then rotates in the opposite direction, driving the two flattening bars 211 to return to their initial position. The industrial camera 201 then captures the circuit board and the horizontal reference bar 208 again. If the circuit board is now level, the limit assembly 3 and the circuit board painting assembly 1 are activated to spray solder mask. If the circuit board is still uneven, it indicates warping or deformation, triggering the warning light 105 to illuminate, prompting personnel to remove the circuit board with quality issues. After the two electromagnets 303 are started, magnetism is generated, and the repulsive magnetism pushes the permanent magnet 308 to move upward, pushing the hollow limiting cylinder 307 upward out of the limiting hole 207 through the movable plate 305, contacting the front side of the circuit board, and with the cooperation of the painting table 202, limiting the circuit board.

[0054] Among them, the longitudinal feeding mechanism 102, the warning light 105, the transverse feeding mechanism 106, the vertical moving mechanism 107, the spray gun system 108, the industrial camera 201, the leveling motor 218, the electromagnet 303 and the PLC controller 103 are all existing technologies, and their components and usage principles are all public technologies, so no further explanation will be given here.

[0055] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit board solder mask coating device, comprising a circuit board coating assembly (1), characterized in that: A detection and leveling component (2) and a position limiting component (3) are provided on the top of the circuit board painting component (1); The detection and leveling assembly (2) comprises two industrial cameras (201) and two horizontal reference bars (208), the bottoms of the two horizontal reference bars (208) are both provided with rotating sleeves (209), the outer surfaces of the two rotating sleeves (209) are both fixedly mounted with three hook rods (210), the six hook rods (210) are each vertically distributed with three hook rods (210) forming a group, one end of the two groups of hook rods (210) are both fixedly mounted with flattening bars (211), the two flattening bars (211) are fixedly mounted with the two flattening bars (211) ) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of a plurality of silicone flattening balls (212), the industrial camera (201) is responsible for collecting images of the edge of the circuit board and the edge of the horizontal reference bar (208), the rotating sleeve (209) mainly drives the hook rod (210) and the flattening bar (211) to rotate, and provides a rotational force for the flattening bar (211), the flattening bar (211) and the silicone flattening balls (212) are responsible for flexibly contacting the edge of the circuit board and providing a flattening force to the edge of the circuit board, so that the circuit board is placed horizontally.

2. The circuit board solder mask coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A painting platform (202) is provided between opposite sides of the two industrial cameras (201), a rotating shaft (213) is fixedly installed inside the two rotating sleeves (209), a driven wheel (214) is fixedly installed at one end of the two rotating shafts (213), the outer surfaces of the two driven wheels (214) are meshedly connected with a chain (215), the interiors of the two chains (215) are meshedly connected with a driving wheel (216), the outer surfaces of the two driving wheels (216) are meshedly connected, a leveling motor (218) is installed on the rear surface of the painting platform (202) through an auxiliary plate, and a support rod (217) is fixedly installed inside the two driving wheels (216).

3. The circuit board solder mask coating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two embedded grooves (220) are provided inside the painting platform (202), two circuit board slides (204) are provided on the top of the painting platform (202), three first rotation holes (205) are provided on the outer surfaces of both sides of the painting platform (202), second rotation holes (206) are provided on the front surfaces of the outer surfaces of both sides of the painting platform (202), and limiting holes (207) are provided on the bottom surfaces of the two circuit board slides (204).

4. The circuit board solder mask coating device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting assembly (3) comprises two electromagnets (303) and two permanent magnets (308). A movable plate (305) is fixedly mounted on the top of each of the two permanent magnets (308). A hollow limiting cylinder (307) is fixedly mounted on the top of each of the two movable plates (305). The tops of the two hollow limiting cylinders (307) are movably embedded in the interiors of the two limiting holes (207). The same magnetic properties between the permanent magnets (308) and the electromagnets (303) generate an upward thrust on the permanent magnets (308). The hollow limiting cylinders (307) are forced to be ejected from the limiting holes (207) to position the front side of the circuit board. The bottoms of the two electromagnets (303) are fixedly mounted with a mounting shell (302). Two connecting rods (301) are fixedly mounted on the outer surfaces of the other ends of the two rotating shafts (213). One end of each of the two connecting rods (301) is fixedly mounted on the bottoms of the two mounting shells (302).

5. The circuit board solder mask coating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting assembly (3) further comprises two limiting frames (304), the bottoms of the two limiting frames (304) are fixedly connected with anti-collision sponges (309), the tops of the two electromagnets (303) are in contact with the bottoms of the two anti-collision sponges (309), the outer surfaces of the two movable plates (305) are movably embedded in the interiors of the two limiting frames (304), the top surfaces of the interiors of the two limiting frames (304) are fixedly connected with springs (306), one end of the two springs (306) is fixedly mounted on the bottom surfaces of the interiors of the two movable plates (305), and the two limiting frames (304) are fixedly mounted in the interiors of the two embedded grooves (220).

6. The circuit board solder mask coating device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The circuit board painting assembly (1) comprises a platform (101), a longitudinal feeding mechanism (102) and a paint box (104) are respectively arranged on the top of the platform (101), a transverse feeding mechanism (106) and a vertical moving mechanism (107) are arranged inside the paint box (104), a spray gun system (108) is arranged on the front surface of the vertical moving mechanism (107), a PLC controller (103) is fixedly installed on the front surface of the top of the platform (101), and a warning light (105) is arranged on the edge of the front surface of the paint box (104).

7. The circuit board solder mask coating device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two mounting plates (203) are installed on the top of the platform (101) near the longitudinal feeding mechanism (102) by means of bolts. The two industrial cameras (201) are respectively installed on the outer surface of one side of the two mounting plates (203) by means of screws. The bottom of the painting platform (202) is installed on the top of the longitudinal feeding mechanism (102). The outer surfaces of the six curved hook rods (210) are respectively movably embedded in the inside of the six first rotating holes (205), and the outer surfaces of the two rotating sleeves (209) are respectively movably embedded in the inside of the two embedded grooves (220).

8. The circuit board solder mask coating device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The other ends of the two rotating shafts (213) are movably embedded in the front surface walls inside the two embedded grooves (220), and one ends of the two rotating shafts (213) are movably penetrated to the rear surface of the painting platform (202). The output end of the leveling motor (218) is fixedly connected to one end of one of the support rods (217), and one end of the other support rod (217) is movably sleeved with a support frame (219). The other ends of the two support rods (217) are movably embedded in the rear surface of the painting platform (202), and the front surface of the support frame (219) is fixedly installed on the rear surface of the painting platform (202). The bottoms of the two horizontal reference bars (208) are fixedly installed on the top of the painting platform (202) near the two circuit board slides (204).

9. The circuit board solder mask coating device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: A circuit board solder mask coating and leveling system comprises: an image acquisition module (4), a visual analysis and processing module (5), a main control module (6), a leveling module (7), an information display and warning module (8), and an auxiliary positioning module (9); The image acquisition module (4) is responsible for acquiring image information of the circuit board and providing data support for subsequent analysis and processing; The visual analysis and processing module (5) is responsible for processing and analyzing the image acquired by the image acquisition module (4), determining whether the circuit board is in a horizontal state, and extracting relevant position information; The main control module (6) is responsible for coordinating the work between the various modules of the system and issuing corresponding control instructions based on the results of the visual analysis and processing module (5); The leveling module (7) mainly adjusts the uneven circuit board according to the instruction of the main control module (6) to make it reach a horizontal placement state; The information display and warning module (8) displays the system's operating status and detection results to the operator and issues an alarm signal in a timely manner when an abnormal situation occurs; The auxiliary positioning module (9) is mainly used to limit and fix the horizontally placed circuit board.

10. The circuit board solder mask coating device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The visual analysis and processing module (5) includes an information preprocessing unit (51), an edge contour extraction unit (52) and a feature extraction and calculation unit (53); The information pre-processing unit (51) is responsible for performing preliminary processing on the collected original image to improve the image quality; The edge contour extraction unit (52) is responsible for detecting edge information of the target object in the image and extracting features that can represent its contour. The edge is determined by calculating the magnitude G and direction θ of the gradient: Where (x, y) is each pixel in the image, Gx(x, y) is the gradient approximation in the x direction, and Gy(x, y) is the gradient approximation in the y direction; The feature extraction and calculation unit (53) mainly extracts features related to the horizontal state of the circuit board from the results obtained by the edge contour extraction unit (52), performs calculation and analysis to determine whether the circuit board is horizontal, and feeds back the result information to the main control module (6).

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