Movable straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization device, which comprises: a mobile vehicle on which a plurality of solar photovoltaic panels are arranged, the solar photovoltaic panels being used for supplying power to the straw pyrolysis carbonization device; the crushing and granulating unit is used for crushing the straws; a spiral conveying device is arranged in the pyrolysis carbonization furnace, the spiral conveying device is used for conveying smashed straw in the pyrolysis carbonization furnace from the input end to the output end, and the pyrolysis carbonization furnace conducts pyrolysis on the smashed straw at the high temperature in the smashed straw conveying process to form biochar; and the combustion chamber is used for heating the pyrolysis carbonization furnace. According to the method, recycling, harmlessness and large-scale treatment of the straw can be achieved, low-value straw waste is prepared into the straw biochar with the higher additional value, greenhouse gas emission in the pyrolytic reaction process can be reduced, and energy consumption of equipment is reduced; meanwhile, the straw treatment efficiency of the equipment can be guaranteed through the good terrain adaptive capacity, and the problem that straw cannot be effectively treated in time due to the fact that the number of the straw is large and distribution is scattered is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a mobile straw pyrolysis and carbonization device. Background Art

[0002] Straw itself is rich in cellulose and lignin, and is a good carbon source for preparing biochar. Other heteroatoms are not easily introduced during the preparation process, making it an ideal material that can meet the urgent needs of large-scale synthesis of biochar and promote the development of sustainable applications.

[0003] Straw biochar has high application value in rice disease prevention and control, agricultural carbon sequestration, energy conservation and emission reduction, and soil improvement. Straw biochar can significantly improve soil properties and increase agricultural productivity. Furthermore, straw biochar contains a large amount of nutrients, which, when decomposed, release these nutrients into crops, reducing the need for chemical fertilizers. Therefore, using straw to produce high-quality biochar for crop growth promotion and reducing fertilizer use is a key contribution to the continued development of green agriculture and the modernization of agricultural production.

[0004] However, the straw processing process in the prior art has the following problems:

[0005] Existing recycling equipment not only requires energy at a high overall cost but also faces three major industry challenges: coking, clogging, and high-temperature sealing. Furthermore, most equipment is fixed, requiring large footprints and difficult to operate. The pyrolysis carbonization process is prone to high greenhouse gas emissions and high energy consumption. Due to complex terrain, traditional fixed carbonization equipment cannot maintain high efficiency, and the straw collection process also increases straw processing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problems in the existing technology that the straw biochar device is mainly a fixed carbonization equipment. In addition to the industry problems such as coking, blockage, high-temperature sealing, it also has high energy consumption, large emissions, low safety performance, high use cost, and poor terrain adaptability of the device, and cannot work effectively in complex terrain.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment, including: a mobile vehicle with a carriage on it, and a plurality of solar photovoltaic panels are provided on the top plate outside the carriage, the mobile vehicle is used for the movement of the straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment, and the solar photovoltaic panels are used for powering the straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment; a crushing and granulation unit, which is installed in the carriage, and the crushing and granulation unit is used to crush the straw; a pyrolysis carbonization furnace, which is installed in the carriage, and the output end of the crushing and granulation unit is connected to the input end of the pyrolysis carbonization furnace, and a spiral conveying device is provided in the pyrolysis carbonization furnace, and the spiral conveying device is used to transport the crushed straw in the pyrolysis carbonization furnace from the input end to the output end, and the pyrolysis carbonization furnace performs high-temperature pyrolysis on the crushed straw and forms biochar during the transportation of the crushed straw; a combustion chamber, which is installed in the carriage, and the heat generated by combustion in the combustion chamber is used to supply heating to the pyrolysis carbonization furnace. The mobile straw pyrolysis and carbonization equipment of the present invention is designed to promote the effective treatment of straw, optimize the existing straw treatment process, realize the resource utilization of straw, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions during the treatment process. A mobile straw pyrolysis and carbonization equipment with low energy consumption, low emissions, and strong terrain adaptability is designed. The mobile straw pyrolysis and carbonization equipment of the present invention can not only realize the resource utilization, harmless treatment, and large-scale treatment of straw, and prepare low-value straw waste into higher-value straw biochar, but also reduce greenhouse gas emissions during the pyrolysis reaction and reduce equipment energy consumption; at the same time, the good terrain adaptability can ensure the efficiency of the equipment's straw treatment, solving the problem that straw cannot be treated in a timely and effective manner due to its huge quantity and scattered distribution.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment also includes a conveyor belt and a temporary storage bin, the starting end of the conveyor belt is located at the output end of the pyrolysis carbonization furnace, and the end of the conveyor belt is located above the temporary storage bin, the conveyor belt is used to transport the biochar carbonized by the pyrolysis carbonization furnace to the temporary storage bin, and the temporary storage bin is used to store the biochar.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the crushing and granulating unit is cylindrical, and a plurality of toothed discs are provided on the inner wall of the cylinder of the crushing and granulating unit. The toothed discs are disc knives and are used for cutting and crushing the straw.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, a straw feed port is provided at the input end of the crushing and granulation unit, and the straw feed port is connected to the cylindrical inner cavity of the crushing and granulation unit. A feed port is provided on the straw feed port, and the feed port is a circular opening, and the feed port is connected to the straw feed port.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pyrolysis carbonization furnace includes a feed barrel, a carbonization furnace body, a discharge barrel and a support base. The carbonization furnace body is fixedly installed on the support base. The carbonization furnace body is cylindrical with openings at both ends. The feed barrel and the discharge barrel are respectively arranged at the two ends of the carbonization furnace body. The feed barrel is connected to the output end of the crushing and granulation unit, and the spiral conveying device is arranged in the carbonization furnace body.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the screw conveying device includes a rotary drive motor, a driving wheel, an outer ring gear, a rotating body, a rotating shaft and a spiral conveying plate, the output end of the rotary drive motor is connected to the driving wheel, the driving wheel and the outer ring gear are engaged, the outer ring gear is fixedly mounted on the outer circumference of the rotating body, the rotating shaft and the rotating body are connected, and the spiral conveying plate is spirally mounted on the rotating shaft along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, one end of the combustion chamber is connected to a first fan, the first fan is connected to a first pipe, and the first pipe is connected to a discharge barrel.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the combustion chamber is connected to a second pipe, and the second pipe is connected to an end of the carbonization furnace body close to the discharge barrel.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, an air purifier is provided on the second pipe.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the combustion chamber is connected to a third pipe and a fourth pipe, the third pipe is connected to the feed barrel, and the fourth pipe is connected to an end of the carbonization furnace body close to the feed barrel.

[0017] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: The mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment described in the present invention can timely process straw scattered in farmlands with complex terrain and prepare it into high-value-added straw biochar, and can achieve zero greenhouse gas emissions in the whole process, actively promoting environmental protection and energy conservation, and promoting the sustainable development of green agriculture. It has great social and economic benefits for realizing the resource utilization and harmless utilization of straw, as well as energy conservation, emission reduction, cost reduction and efficiency improvement, and solves the problems of backward straw processing technology and untimely processing; the main purposes achieved are: 1. Solving the problem of straw resource utilization; 2. Reducing equipment energy consumption and reducing process greenhouse gas emissions; 3. Good terrain adaptability can ensure that the equipment can work in the entire area, breaking through the limitation of poor maneuverability of traditional pyrolysis carbonization equipment, and realizing timely and effective straw processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of a mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A partial perspective view of a mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an outline diagram of a crushing and granulating unit in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a straw feed port in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a pyrolysis carbonization furnace in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral conveying device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of a pyrolysis carbonization furnace in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings in the specification: mobile vehicle 1, carriage 11, solar photovoltaic panel 2, crushing and granulation unit 3, straw feeding port 32, feeding port 321, pyrolysis carbonization furnace 4, feeding barrel 41, carbonization furnace body 42, discharging barrel 43, supporting base 44, screw conveying device 5, rotary drive motor 51, driving wheel 52, outer ring gear 53, rotating body 54, rotating shaft 55, screw conveying plate 56, combustion chamber 6, first fan 61, first pipeline 62, second pipeline 63, air purifier 631, third pipeline 64, fourth pipeline 65, conveyor belt 7, temporary storage bin 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Reference Figure 1-3As shown, the mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment of the present invention includes: a mobile vehicle 1, which is provided with a carriage 11, and a plurality of solar photovoltaic panels 2 are provided on the top plate outside the carriage 11, the mobile vehicle 1 is used for the movement of the straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment, and the solar photovoltaic panels 2 are used to power the straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment; a crushing and granulation unit 3, which is installed in the carriage 11, and the crushing and granulation unit 3 is used to crush the straw; a pyrolysis carbonization furnace 4, which is installed in the carriage 11, and the output end of the crushing and granulation unit 3 is connected to the input end of the pyrolysis carbonization furnace 4, and a spiral conveying device 5 is provided in the pyrolysis carbonization furnace 4, and the spiral conveying device 5 is used to transport the crushed straw in the pyrolysis carbonization furnace 4 from the input end to the output end, and the pyrolysis carbonization furnace 4 performs high-temperature pyrolysis on the crushed straw and forms biochar during the transportation process of the crushed straw; a combustion chamber 6, which is installed in the carriage 11, and the heat generated by combustion in the combustion chamber 6 is used to supply heating to the pyrolysis carbonization furnace 4.

[0022] The mobile vehicle 1 greatly improves the terrain adaptability of the equipment and can adapt to complex terrain areas with a slope of ≤25°.

[0023] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment also includes a conveyor belt 7 and a temporary storage bin 8. The starting end of the conveyor belt 7 is located at the output end of the pyrolysis carbonization furnace 4, and the end of the conveyor belt 7 is located above the temporary storage bin 8. The conveyor belt 7 is used to transport the biochar carbonized by the pyrolysis carbonization furnace 4 to the temporary storage bin 8, which is used to store the biochar. The biochar carbonized by the pyrolysis carbonization furnace 4 falls from the output end of the pyrolysis carbonization furnace 4 to the starting end of the conveyor belt 7. The conveyor belt 7 transports the biochar into the temporary storage bin 8 for storage.

[0024] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the crushing and granulation unit 3 is cylindrical and feeds straw into the feed port at an oblique angle. A rotating fork disperses the straw evenly, and the stalks are then fed into the toothed disc crushing device via a screw conveyor. A motor drives the movable and fixed toothed discs to move at high speed relative to each other, causing the straw to undergo frictional crushing. The crushed straw debris is then conveyed into the straw pelletizing bin. A motor-driven ring die rotating device squeezes the material through the die holes using friction between the rollers and the die, forcing it through the die holes to form highly irregular straw pellets with large surface area, low bulk density, and high air permeability. The entire process operates under negative pressure, making dust and exhaust gas easy to collect and process, reducing costs by over 30%, lowering decomposition activation energy by 32%, and shortening reaction time by 40%. The crushed and granulated straw pellets are then conveyed via a screw conveyor into the pyrolysis carbonization furnace, where they undergo anaerobic pyrolysis under strictly controlled temperature and complete vacuum conditions, producing high-performance biochar.

[0025] Reference Figure 5As shown, the input end of the crushing and granulating unit 3 is provided with a straw feed port 32, which is connected to the cylindrical inner cavity of the crushing and granulating unit 3. The straw feed port 32 is provided with a feed port 321, which is a circular opening and is connected to the straw feed port 32. The straw feed port 32 is cylindrical in shape as a whole, and the straw feed port 32 is connected to the feed port 321 in a gradually decreasing conical arrangement. The straw feed port 32 is also connected to the cylinder of the crushing and granulating unit 3 in a gradually decreasing conical arrangement.

[0026] Reference Figure 6-8 As shown, the pyrolysis carbonization furnace 4 includes a feed tube 41, a carbonization furnace body 42, a discharge tube 43, and a support base 44. The carbonization furnace body 42 is fixedly mounted on the support base 44 and is cylindrical with two open ends. The feed tube 41 and the discharge tube 43 are respectively disposed at each end of the carbonization furnace body 42. The feed tube 41 is connected to the output end of the crushing and granulation unit 3. The screw conveyor 5 is disposed within the carbonization furnace body 42. After passing through the multi-stage crushing and granulation system, the straw is transported into the pyrolysis carbonization furnace 4 via the screw conveyor 5. Under strictly controlled temperature conditions and a pre-set complete vacuum, the straw is pyrolyzed in an oxygen-free environment, ultimately producing high-performance biochar. Guide plates are installed at both ends of the pyrolysis carbonization furnace 4 to create turbulent hot air as it passes through the furnace body, ensuring a stable gas flow rate, increasing the heat exchange area and time, ensuring uniform heating of the furnace body during the heating process, preventing metal deformation, and increasing the service life of the equipment.

[0027] Reference Figure 7 As shown, the screw conveying device 5 includes a rotary drive motor 51, a driving wheel 52, an outer ring gear 53, a rotating body 54, a rotating shaft 55 and a spiral conveying plate 56. The output end of the rotary drive motor 51 is connected to the driving wheel 52, the driving wheel 52 is engaged with the outer ring gear 53, the outer ring gear 53 is fixedly mounted on the outer circumference of the rotating body 54, the rotating shaft 55 is connected to the rotating body 54, and the spiral conveying plate 56 is spirally mounted on the rotating shaft 55 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 55.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 As shown, one end of the combustion chamber 6 is connected to a first fan 61, which is connected to a first pipe 62, which is connected to the discharge barrel 43. The combustion chamber 6 is connected to a second pipe 63, which is connected to the end of the carbonization furnace body 42 near the discharge barrel 43. The second pipe 63 is provided with an air purifier 631. The combustion chamber 6 is connected to a third pipe 64 and a fourth pipe 65, the third pipe 64 is connected to the feed barrel 41, and the fourth pipe 65 is connected to the end of the carbonization furnace body 42 near the feed barrel 41.

[0029] In addition, the combustion chamber 6 also includes an energy recovery chamber 66, which is connected to the combustion chamber 6. The pyrolysis gas generated by the carbonization furnace body 42 is passed into the combustion chamber 6 for combustion, and the heat generated passes through the energy recovery chamber 66 to provide heat for the pyrolysis carbonization equipment.

[0030] The gas purifier 631 performs multi-stage separation on the mixed gas (primarily containing combustible components such as CH₄, CO, and H₂) produced during the pyrolysis and carbonization process, removing tar, dust, and acidic substances (such as H₂S). This ensures that the gas entering the combustion chamber meets industrial combustion standards (tar content <50 mg / m³, particulate matter concentration <10 mg / m³). Subsequently, within the combustion chamber, the purified gas is thoroughly mixed with excess air (excess coefficient α = 1.2-1.4) through a high-pressure atomizing nozzle. Complete combustion (combustion efficiency ≥ 98%) is achieved through laminar premixed combustion technology. The released heat energy is transferred to the thermal oil circulation system via a radiant heat exchanger, providing a stable heat source for key equipment such as the oxygen-free pyrolysis and carbonization activation system.

[0031] The mobile vehicle 1 of the present invention utilizes crawler tracks for locomotion, reducing its own weight while increasing the device's actual ground grip. Furthermore, the chassis is equipped with an active damping and vibration reduction structure to protect the device's precision instruments from damage caused by bumps, enhancing the device's stability and making it suitable for nationwide deployment. Furthermore, by combining the synergistic effect of drive gears and road wheels, the mobile vehicle 1 significantly enhances the device's strong grip and traction in complex road conditions such as mud and sand. This ensures that the tracks adhere closely to the ground, enhancing the device's maneuverability and terrain adaptability, enabling the device to operate on both flat terrain and complex terrain with slopes of ≤25°.

[0032] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment, characterized in that: include: A mobile vehicle is provided with a carriage, and a plurality of solar photovoltaic panels are provided on the top plate outside the carriage. The mobile vehicle is used to move the straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment, and the solar photovoltaic panels are used to power the equipment motor; A crushing and granulating unit is installed in the carriage and is used to crush the straw; A pyrolysis carbonization furnace is installed in the carriage, wherein the output end of the crushing and granulating unit is connected to the input end of the pyrolysis carbonization furnace, and a screw conveying device is provided in the pyrolysis carbonization furnace. The screw conveying device is used to convey the crushed straw in the pyrolysis carbonization furnace from the input end to the output end. During the conveying process of the crushed straw, the pyrolysis carbonization furnace pyrolyzes the crushed straw at high temperature and forms biochar; The combustion chamber is installed in the vehicle compartment, and the heat generated by combustion in the combustion chamber is used to supply heat to the pyrolysis carbonization furnace.

2. The mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment also includes a conveyor belt and a temporary storage bin. The starting end of the conveyor belt is located at the output end of the pyrolysis carbonization furnace, and the end of the conveyor belt is located above the temporary storage bin. The conveyor belt is used to transport the biochar carbonized by the pyrolysis carbonization furnace to the temporary storage bin, and the temporary storage bin is used to store the biochar.

3. The mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing and granulating unit is cylindrical, and a plurality of toothed discs are provided on the inner wall of the cylinder of the crushing and granulating unit. The toothed discs are disc knives and are used for cutting and crushing the straw.

4. The mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The input end of the crushing and granulating unit is provided with a straw feeding port, which is connected to the cylindrical inner cavity of the crushing and granulating unit. The straw feeding port is provided with a feeding port, which is a circular opening, and the feeding port is connected to the straw feeding port.

5. The mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis carbonization furnace includes a feed barrel, a carbonization furnace body, a discharge barrel and a support base. The carbonization furnace body is fixedly installed on the support base. The carbonization furnace body is cylindrical with openings at both ends. The feed barrel and the discharge barrel are respectively arranged at both ends of the carbonization furnace body. The feed barrel is connected to the output end of the crushing and granulation unit, and the spiral conveying device is arranged in the carbonization furnace body.

6. The mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The screw conveying device includes a rotary drive motor, a driving wheel, an outer gear ring, a rotating body, a rotating shaft and a spiral conveying plate. The output end of the rotary drive motor is connected to the driving wheel, the driving wheel and the outer gear ring are engaged, the outer gear ring is fixedly installed on the outer circumference of the rotating body, the rotating shaft is connected to the rotating body, and the spiral conveying plate is spirally installed on the rotating shaft along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

7. The mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the combustion chamber is connected to a first fan, the first fan is connected to a first pipeline, and the first pipeline is connected to a discharge barrel.

8. The mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The combustion chamber is connected to a second pipe, and the second pipe is communicated with one end of the carbonization furnace body close to the discharge cylinder.

9. The mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: An air purifier is provided on the second pipeline.

10. The mobile straw pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The combustion chamber is connected to a third pipe and a fourth pipe, the third pipe is connected to the feed cylinder, and the fourth pipe is connected to one end of the carbonization furnace body close to the feed cylinder.

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