Preparation method and application of solid organic reducing agent

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hazardous waste resource utilization, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a solid organic reducing agent. The invention finds that a liquid reactant matrix taking organic matters as main components can react with various organic hazardous wastes, harmful substances in the organic hazardous wastes are harmlessly treated, and meanwhile, a solid mixed product with a high additional value is prepared. According to the method, original waste is directly added, only a common heating and stirring device is needed, the treated waste can be prepared into a reducing agent, the energy density of the low-calorific-value organic hazardous waste is remarkably improved, harmful substances in the organic hazardous waste are subjected to harmlessness, meanwhile, a solid-state mixed product with the high additional value is prepared, and the environment is protected. The toxicity, reactivity and corrosivity of the organic hazardous waste are eliminated, no three wastes (waste water, waste gas and waste residues) are generated in the whole process, and the green chemistry principle is met. The reaction steps involved in the process are few, the treatment process is fast, the reaction conditions are simple, and the cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of fuel technology, and in particular relates to a preparation method and application of a solid organic reducing agent. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industry, numerous industries, such as the chemical, pharmaceutical, and printing and dyeing industries, generate large quantities of hazardous waste containing organic components during production processes, including discarded organic solvents, oily sludge, and expired organic chemicals. These organic hazardous wastes often exhibit hazardous properties such as toxicity, corrosiveness, flammability, and reactivity. If improperly disposed of, they can cause serious pollution to the soil, water, and air, and potentially threaten the health and safety of surrounding residents. From a resource perspective, these organic hazardous wastes contain many recyclable components. For example, some organic solvents can be purified and reused in production, while some organic compounds can be converted into valuable chemical raw materials or energy products through specialized technologies. However, due to the complex composition and significant differences in properties between waste sources, existing resource utilization technologies are difficult to universally apply. Targeted research and development or process adjustments are often required, increasing technical difficulty and cost. Recycled products also have limited market acceptance and sales, and the quality and performance of some recycled products lag behind those of virgin products, placing them at a competitive disadvantage and hindering the development of the resource utilization industry.

[0003] The present invention uses organic hazardous waste as raw material and a liquid reactant matrix primarily composed of organic matter as a carrier. Through complex chemical reactions, the organic hazardous waste in various phases is uniformly converted into a solid powder, resulting in a solid organic reducing agent that can be used as an energetic material or fuel for combustion equipment. When used as a reducing agent in combination with multiple components, such as oxidants, it can be formed into composite energetic materials such as explosives and fireworks; when used as a reducing agent in combination with components such as pulverized coal, it can be formed into fuel for combustion equipment. While rendering the harmful substances in the organic hazardous waste harmless, the present invention can also be used to manufacture high-value-added products, achieving resource recovery and recycling, reducing environmental burdens, lowering processing costs, and increasing economic benefits. This effectively addresses the difficulty of achieving universal application of existing resource utilization technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention was completed based on the discovery that a liquid reactant matrix composed mainly of organic matter can react with various organic hazardous wastes, rendering the harmful substances in the organic hazardous wastes harmless while producing a high-value-added solid mixed product.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a solid organic reducing agent, wherein the solid organic reducing agent is a high-value-added solid mixed product prepared by simultaneously rendering harmful substances in organic hazardous waste harmless, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. A low-melting-point organic compound that is solid at room temperature is heated and melted into a liquid state or a hydroxide is added to a liquid alcohol at room temperature to obtain a liquid reactant matrix;

[0007] S2. The organic hazardous waste is mixed with the liquid reactant matrix obtained in step S1 and reacted to obtain a mixed product;

[0008] S3. Cooling and pulverizing the mixed product obtained in step S2 to obtain a solid organic reducing agent.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S1, the low-melting-point organic matter that is solid at room temperature is a sugar or a low-melting-point explosive organic compound.

[0010] Furthermore, the low melting point explosive is selected from one or more of nitroglycerin, trinitrotoluene, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, dinitronaphthalene and / or 1-hydroxy-2,4-dinitrobenzene.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S1, the sugar is a monosaccharide and / or a disaccharide.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, the sugar is white sugar.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S1, the liquid reactant matrix is selected from a molten substance or a liquid substance, the molten substance is a molten sugar or a low-melting-point explosive organic compound; the liquid substance is a mixture of alcohols and / or strongly alkaline metal hydroxides.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S1, the alcohol is one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and / or pentanol.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S1, the hydroxide is a strongly alkaline metal hydroxide.

[0016] Preferably, in step S1, the strong alkaline metal hydroxide is solid sodium hydroxide.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S1, the state of the organic hazardous waste includes solid, liquid and solid-liquid mixed state.

[0018] Further, in step S1, the organic hazardous waste is selected from one or more of polychlorinated biphenyl waste, medical waste, pesticide waste, distillation residue, distillation residue, dye and paint waste, organophosphorus compound waste, organic cyanide waste, ether-containing waste, organic halide waste and / or phenol-containing waste.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the liquid reactant matrix in step S2 is less than 340° C., the atmosphere is air atmosphere or inert atmosphere, and the mixed product is a solid combustible.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a solid organic reducing agent, which is a high-value-added solid mixed product prepared by simultaneously rendering harmful substances in organic hazardous waste harmless. The solid organic reducing agent is prepared by the method described in the first aspect of the present invention, which comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1. A low-melting-point organic compound that is solid at room temperature is heated and melted into a liquid state or a hydroxide is added to a liquid alcohol at room temperature to obtain a liquid reactant matrix;

[0022] S2. The organic hazardous waste is mixed with the liquid reactant matrix obtained in step S1 and reacted to obtain a mixed product;

[0023] S3. Cooling and pulverizing the mixed product obtained in step S2 to obtain a solid organic reducing agent.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S1, the low-melting-point organic matter that is solid at room temperature is a sugar or a low-melting-point explosive organic compound.

[0025] Furthermore, the low melting point explosive is selected from one or more of nitroglycerin, trinitrotoluene, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, dinitronaphthalene and / or 1-hydroxy-2,4-dinitrobenzene.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S1, the sugar is a monosaccharide and / or a disaccharide.

[0027] Preferably, in step S1, the sugar is white sugar.

[0028] Furthermore, in step S1, the liquid reactant matrix is selected from a molten substance or a liquid substance, the molten substance is a molten sugar or a low-melting-point explosive organic compound; the liquid substance is a mixture of alcohols and / or strongly alkaline metal hydroxides.

[0029] Furthermore, in step S1, the alcohol is one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and / or pentanol.

[0030] Furthermore, in step S1, the hydroxide is a strongly alkaline metal hydroxide.

[0031] Preferably, in step S1, the strong alkaline metal hydroxide is solid sodium hydroxide.

[0032] Furthermore, in step S1, the state of the organic hazardous waste includes solid, liquid and solid-liquid mixed state.

[0033] Further, in step S1, the organic hazardous waste is selected from one or more of polychlorinated biphenyl waste, medical waste, pesticide waste, distillation residue, distillation residue, dye and paint waste, organophosphorus compound waste, organic cyanide waste, ether-containing waste, organic halide waste and / or phenol-containing waste.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the liquid reactant matrix in step S2 is less than 340° C., the atmosphere is air atmosphere or inert atmosphere, and the mixed product is a solid combustible.

[0035] In a third aspect, the present invention provides use of a solid organic reducing agent in the preparation of a composite energetic material, wherein the solid organic reducing agent is a high-value-added solid mixed product prepared by simultaneously rendering harmful substances in organic hazardous waste harmless, and the solid organic reducing agent is prepared by the method described in the first aspect of the present invention, the method comprising the following steps:

[0036] S1. A low-melting-point organic compound that is solid at room temperature is heated and melted into a liquid state or a hydroxide is added to a liquid alcohol at room temperature to obtain a liquid reactant matrix;

[0037] S2. The organic hazardous waste is mixed with the liquid reactant matrix obtained in step S1 and reacted to obtain a mixed product;

[0038] S3. Cooling and pulverizing the mixed product obtained in step S2 to obtain a solid organic reducing agent.

[0039] Furthermore, in step S1, the low-melting-point organic matter that is solid at room temperature is a sugar or a low-melting-point explosive organic compound.

[0040] Furthermore, the low melting point explosive is selected from one or more of nitroglycerin, trinitrotoluene, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, dinitronaphthalene and / or 1-hydroxy-2,4-dinitrobenzene.

[0041] Furthermore, in step S1, the sugar is a monosaccharide and / or a disaccharide.

[0042] Preferably, in step S1, the sugar is white sugar.

[0043] Furthermore, in step S1, the liquid reactant matrix is selected from a molten substance or a liquid substance, the molten substance is a molten sugar or a low-melting-point explosive organic compound; the liquid substance is a mixture of alcohols and / or strongly alkaline metal hydroxides.

[0044] Furthermore, in step S1, the alcohol is one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and / or pentanol.

[0045] Furthermore, in step S1, the hydroxide is a strongly alkaline metal hydroxide.

[0046] Preferably, in step S1, the strong alkaline metal hydroxide is solid sodium hydroxide.

[0047] Furthermore, in step S1, the state of the organic hazardous waste includes solid, liquid and solid-liquid mixed state.

[0048] Further, in step S1, the organic hazardous waste is selected from one or more of polychlorinated biphenyl waste, medical waste, pesticide waste, distillation residue, distillation residue, dye and paint waste, organophosphorus compound waste, organic cyanide waste, ether-containing waste, organic halide waste and / or phenol-containing waste.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the liquid reactant matrix in step S2 is less than 340° C., the atmosphere is air atmosphere or inert atmosphere, and the mixed product is a solid combustible.

[0050] Furthermore, the composite energetic material is selected from one or more of explosives, gunpowder, fireworks agents and / or combustion equipment fuels.

[0051] Beneficial effects

[0052] The treatment method of the present invention allows for direct addition of raw waste, requiring only a conventional heating and stirring device. Through chemical treatment, the energy density of low-calorific-value organic hazardous waste is significantly increased, rendering the harmful substances in the organic hazardous waste harmless while simultaneously producing a high-value-added solid mixed product. This process involves fewer reaction steps, a shorter treatment flow, simple reaction conditions, and cost savings, offering the following advantages:

[0053] (1) Corrosion control

[0054] Liquid organic matter-based reaction system - molten sugars (such as white sugar, glucose) contain a large number of hydroxyl groups, which can modify the acidic / alkaline corrosive substances in organic hazardous wastes in chemical reactions such as dehydration condensation, thereby controlling corrosiveness.

[0055] (2) Toxicity degradation

[0056] In the alkali-alcohol system, polychlorinated biphenyls and other organic hazardous wastes undergo dechlorination reaction (breaking of C-Cl bonds) to generate NaCl, thereby eliminating the toxicity of the organic hazardous wastes.

[0057] (3) Flammability suppression

[0058] The flammability of organic hazardous waste is suppressed by mixing a liquid organic-based reaction system with the organic hazardous waste. The resulting mixed reaction product is very stable and does not easily react with oxygen, thereby achieving the transformation of organic hazardous waste from flammable to non-flammable.

[0059] The control of flammability during the preparation process is achieved through two methods: inert atmosphere control (reaction under air or inert atmosphere (N2, CO2) to inhibit the combustion of volatiles) and mismatch between process temperature and flash point (reaction temperature (50-200℃) is lower than the auto-ignition temperature of most organic substances (such as sucrose greater than 300℃).

[0060] (4) Improved energy density

[0061] By adding organic hazardous waste to melted liquid explosive liquid for mixing reaction, the structure and composition of the organic hazardous waste change, and the calorific value of the generated composite mixture is significantly improved, which has the effect of significantly improving the energy density of the organic hazardous waste.

[0062] (5) Green Chemistry

[0063] A unique treatment method targeting hazardous properties utilizes a liquid organic-based reaction system (such as an alkali-alcohol system) to mix and react with organic hazardous waste, thereby eliminating the waste's toxicity, reactivity, and corrosiveness. The entire process—from the construction of the liquid organic-based reaction system, the mixing and reaction of the organic hazardous waste with the liquid organic-based reaction system, to the post-treatment and use of the mixed reaction product—generates no waste (wastewater, waste gas, and waste residue), conforming to the principles of green chemistry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 This is the XRD diffraction pattern of the solid organic reducing agent in Example 1.

[0065] Figure 2 This is a unit cell structure diagram of some substances in the solid organic reducing agent in Example 1.

[0066] Figure 3 It is the solid organic reducing agent in Example 2.

[0067] Figure 4 This is the deflagration process of the composite energetic material in Example 3.

[0068] Note: A1, A2, A3 are before deflagration; B1, B2, B3 are during deflagration; C1, C2, C3 are after deflagration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The following is a further description of specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0070] The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the experimental materials used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0071] Example 1 Preparation of a solid organic reducing agent using molten sugar as a liquid reactant matrix

[0072] A. Liquid chemical pesticide distillation residues organic hazardous waste

[0073] The main components are: 2-chloro-4-trichloromethylpyridine, 1,3,7-trichloronaphthalene and 2,4-dichloro-6-(3-ethynylphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine, and their contents are 36.63%, 38.80% and 11.42% respectively.

[0074] B. Test Methods

[0075] (1) 80 parts of white sugar were heated to 195 degrees Celsius in an air atmosphere and kept warm to obtain a molten white sugar liquid;

[0076] (2) Take 20 parts of liquid chemical pesticide distillation residue organic hazardous waste and add it to the molten sugar liquid (1) and continue stirring.

[0077] 5 min to uniformly mix and react to obtain a liquid mixed product;

[0078] (3) cooling the liquid mixed reaction product to room temperature to obtain a solid mixed product;

[0079] (4) crushing the solid mixed reaction product into a solid mixed product powder having a particle size of less than 200 mesh;

[0080] (5) Drying the solid mixed reaction product powder in a drying oven at 105 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes to obtain a solid organic reducing agent.

[0081] C. Test results

[0082] The obtained solid organic reducing agent is a black-brown powder with a particle size of less than or equal to 200 meshes.

[0083] The calorific value is 49608KJ / kg and the density is 1.32kg / m3 tested by oxygen bomb calorimeter. 3 The energy density of the waste was 18.4 times higher than the original waste (calorific value of the original waste was 3701 kJ / kg). Burning rate tests showed that a 0.5g sample completely burned in 0.137 seconds, with a burning rate of 3.454g / s, a 46.97-fold increase compared to the original waste (0.072g / s). The combustion temperature, measured by thermocouples, reached a peak of 1450°C at the center of the flame, which lasted for 0.5 seconds.

[0084] Example 2 Preparation of a solid organic reducing agent using liquid ethanol and sodium hydroxide as liquid reactant matrices

[0085] A. Liquid chemical pesticide distillation residues organic hazardous waste

[0086] The main components are: 2-chloro-4-trichloromethylpyridine, 1,3,7-trichloronaphthalene and 2,4-dichloro-6-(3-ethynylphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine, and their contents are 36.63%, 38.80% and 11.42% respectively.

[0087] B. Test Methods

[0088] (1) Place 100 parts of anhydrous ethanol into a reactor at room temperature;

[0089] (2) taking another 200 parts of sodium hydroxide powder and adding it into the reactor containing 100 parts of anhydrous ethanol in (1);

[0090] (3) taking another 100 parts of liquid chemical pesticide distillation residue organic hazardous waste and adding them into the reactor (2) and stirring them to mix the solid and liquid substances in the reactor evenly, and then standing for 2 hours until the substances in the reactor solidify into a solid state, thereby obtaining a solid mixed product;

[0091] (4) taking out the solid mixed product from the reactor and crushing it to produce a solid mixed reaction product powder having a particle size of less than 200 mesh;

[0092] (5) Drying the solid mixed reaction product powder in a drying oven at 105 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes to obtain a solid organic reducing agent.

[0093] C. Test results

[0094] The product is dark black particles, which become uniform powder after crushing, with a particle size of less than or equal to 200 mesh.

[0095] Calorific value 181872KJ / kg, density 1.81kg / m 3The energy density of the waste was 22.9 times higher than the original waste (14,355 kJ / kg). The combustion rate was 6.097 g / s, a 31.6-fold increase compared to the original waste (0.187 g / s). The combustion temperature, measured by thermocouples, reached a maximum temperature of 2,500°C at the center of the flame, which lasted for 1.2 seconds.

[0096] Example 3 Preparation of a solid organic reducing agent using liquid ethanol and sodium hydroxide as liquid reactant matrices and molten sugar as liquid reactant matrices

[0097] A. Liquid chemical pesticide distillation residues organic hazardous waste

[0098] The main components are: 2-chloro-4-trichloromethylpyridine, 1,3,7-trichloronaphthalene and 2,4-dichloro-6-(3-ethynylphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine, and their contents are 36.63%, 38.80% and 11.42% respectively.

[0099] B. Test Methods

[0100] (1) 100 parts of anhydrous ethanol were placed in a reactor at room temperature;

[0101] (2) 100 parts of liquid chemical pesticide distillation residues and organic hazardous waste were added to a reactor containing 100 parts of anhydrous ethanol;

[0102] (3) adding 200 parts of sodium hydroxide powder to a reactor and stirring to uniformly mix the solid and liquid substances in the reactor, and then standing for 2 hours until the substances in the reactor solidify into a solid state to obtain a solid mixed reaction product;

[0103] (4) taking out the solid mixed reaction product from the reactor and crushing it to produce a solid mixed reaction product powder having a particle size of less than 200 mesh;

[0104] (5) taking 80 parts of white sugar and heating it to 195 degrees Celsius in an air atmosphere and keeping it warm to obtain a molten white sugar liquid;

[0105] (6) adding 10 parts of liquid chemical pesticide distillation residue organic hazardous waste and 10 parts of the solid mixed reaction product powder 1 obtained in step (4) to the molten sugar liquid and stirring continuously for 5 minutes to mix them evenly to obtain a liquid mixed reaction product;

[0106] (7) cooling the liquid mixed reaction product to room temperature to obtain a solid mixed reaction product;

[0107] (8) crushing the solid mixed reaction product into a solid mixed reaction product powder having a particle size of less than 200 mesh;

[0108] (9) Dry the solid mixed reaction product powder in a drying oven at 105 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes to obtain a solid organic reducing agent.

[0109] C. Test results

[0110] The solid organic reducing agent obtained is a dark brown block solid, which becomes a uniform powder after crushing (particle size is less than or equal to 200 mesh) with a density of 1.13 kg / m 3 .

[0111] The calorific value is 74896KJ / kg and the energy density is 84632KJ / m3 according to the oxygen bomb calorimeter test. 3 The calorific value of the waste was 5612 kJ / kg, a 17.6-fold increase. Burning rate tests showed that a 0.5g sample completely burned in 0.0575 seconds, at a burning rate of 8.381 g / s, a 48.89-fold increase compared to the original waste (0.168 g / s). The combustion temperature, measured by thermocouples, reached a peak of 1750°C at the center of the flame, which lasted for 0.7 seconds.

[0112] Example 4 Preparation of a solid organic reducing agent using solid distillation residue organic hazardous waste as raw material and molten sugar as liquid reactant matrix

[0113] A. Solid distillation residue organic hazardous waste

[0114] The main components are 2,3-dichloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine and pentachloropyridine, with contents of 57.91% and 20.67% respectively.

[0115] B. Test Methods

[0116] (1) 80 parts of white sugar were heated to 195 degrees Celsius in an air atmosphere and kept warm to obtain a molten white sugar liquid;

[0117] (2) taking 20 parts of solid distillation residue organic hazardous waste and crushing it into a powder with a particle size of less than 1 micron, then adding the powder to the molten sugar liquid and stirring continuously for 5 minutes to mix them evenly, to obtain a liquid mixed reaction product;

[0118] (3) cooling the liquid mixed reaction product to room temperature to obtain a solid mixed reaction product;

[0119] (4) crushing the solid mixed reaction product into a solid mixed reaction product powder having a particle size of less than 200 mesh;

[0120] (5) Dry the solid mixed reaction product powder in a drying oven at 105 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes to obtain a dry solid organic reducing agent.

[0121] C. Test results

[0122] The solid organic reducing agent obtained is dark grey porous particles, which are loose powder after crushing (particle size is less than or equal to 200 mesh) with a density of 1.18 kg / m 3 .

[0123] After testing, the calorific value is 152072KJ / kg and the energy density is 179445KJ / m 3 The calorific value of the waste was 25.4 times higher than the original waste (7236 kJ / kg). In a combustion rate test, a 0.5g sample completely burned in 0.0384 seconds, with a burning rate of 12.635 g / s, a 30.27-fold increase compared to the original waste (0.404 g / s). The combustion temperature, measured by thermocouples, reached a peak of 2350°C at the center of the flame, which lasted for 0.8 seconds.

[0124] Example 5: Preparation of a solid organic reducing agent using solid distillation residue organic hazardous waste as raw material and liquid ethanol and sodium hydroxide as liquid reactant matrices

[0125] A. Solid distillation residue organic hazardous waste

[0126] The main components are 2,3-dichloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine and pentachloropyridine, with contents of 57.91% and 20.67% respectively.

[0127] B. Test Methods

[0128] (1) 100 parts of anhydrous ethanol were placed in a reactor at room temperature;

[0129] (2) taking another 100 parts of solid distillation residue organic hazardous waste and adding it to a reactor containing 100 parts of anhydrous ethanol;

[0130] (3) adding 150 parts of sodium hydroxide powder to the reactor and stirring to uniformly mix the solid and liquid substances in the reactor, and then standing for 2 hours until the substances in the reactor solidify into a solid state to obtain a solid mixed reaction product;

[0131] (4) taking out the solid mixed reaction product from the reactor and crushing it to produce a solid mixed reaction product powder having a particle size of less than 200 mesh;

[0132] (5) Drying the solid mixed reaction product powder in a drying oven at 105 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes to obtain a solid organic reducing agent.

[0133] C. Test results

[0134] The solid organic reducing agent obtained is a brown-black hard solid, which is fine powder after crushing (particle size is less than or equal to 200 mesh) with a density of 1.24 kg / m 3 The calorific value test is 138450KJ / kg and the energy density is 171678KJ / m 3, a 23.7-fold increase compared to the original waste. Burning rate tests showed that a 0.5g sample completely burned in 0.042 seconds, at a burning rate of 11.905g / s. Thermocouple measurements of the combustion temperature revealed a peak flame center temperature of 2250°C, which lasted for 0.8 seconds.

[0135] Example 6: Using liquid chemical pesticide distillation residues as organic hazardous waste as raw materials, liquid ethanol and sodium hydroxide as liquid reactant matrices, and molten sugar as liquid reactant matrices to prepare solid organic reducing agents.

[0136] A. Liquid chemical pesticide distillation residues organic hazardous waste

[0137] The main components are: 2-chloro-4-trichloromethylpyridine, 1,3,7-trichloronaphthalene and 2,4-dichloro-6-(3-ethynylphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine, and their contents are 36.63%, 38.80% and 11.42% respectively.

[0138] B. Solid distillation residue organic hazardous waste

[0139] The main components are: 2,3-dichloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine and pentachloropyridine, with their contents being 57.91% and 20.67% respectively.

[0140] C. Test Methods

[0141] (1) 100 parts of anhydrous ethanol were placed in a reactor at room temperature;

[0142] (2) 50 parts of liquid chemical pesticide distillation residue organic hazardous waste and 50 parts of solid refined (steamed) distillation residue organic hazardous waste were added to a reactor containing 100 parts of anhydrous ethanol;

[0143] (3) adding 100 parts of sodium hydroxide powder to a reactor and stirring to uniformly mix the solid and liquid substances in the reactor, and then standing for 2 hours until the substances in the reactor solidify into a solid state to obtain a solid mixed reaction product;

[0144] (4) taking out the solid mixed reaction product from the reactor and crushing it to produce a solid mixed reaction product powder 1 having a particle size of less than 200 mesh;

[0145] (5) taking 80 parts of white sugar and heating it to 195 degrees Celsius in an air atmosphere and keeping it warm to obtain a molten white sugar liquid;

[0146] (6) adding 10 parts of liquid chemical pesticide distillation residue organic hazardous waste and 10 parts of the solid mixed reaction product powder 1 obtained in step (4) to the molten sugar liquid and stirring for 5 minutes to mix them evenly to obtain a liquid mixed reaction product;

[0147] (7) cooling the liquid mixed reaction product obtained in step (6) to room temperature to obtain a solid mixed reaction product;

[0148] (8) crushing the solid mixed reaction product obtained in step (7) to prepare a solid mixed reaction product powder 2 having a particle size of less than 200 mesh;

[0149] (9) The solid mixed reaction product powder 2 was dried in a drying oven at 105 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes to obtain a solid organic reducing agent.

[0150] D. Test results

[0151] The solid organic reducing agent obtained is a dark black dense block, which becomes a uniform powder after crushing (particle size is less than or equal to 200 mesh) with a density of 1.28 kg / m 3 .

[0152] After testing, the calorific value is 165300KJ / kg and the energy density is 211584KJ / m 3 This represents a 22.7-fold increase compared to the mixed original waste (average of 8924 kJ / kg). In a combustion rate test, a 0.5g sample completely burned in 0.035 seconds, with a burning rate of 14.200 g / s. The combustion temperature, measured by thermocouples, reached a peak of 2450°C at the center of the flame, which lasted for 1.2 seconds.

[0153] Example 7 Preparation of a solid organic reducing agent using organophosphorus compound waste as raw material and molten sugar as liquid reactant matrix

[0154] A. Organophosphorus compound waste

[0155] The composition and content of the organophosphorus compound are shown in Table 1.

[0156] Table 1. Composition and content of organophosphorus compounds

[0157]

[0158]

[0159] B. Test Methods

[0160] (1) 80 parts of white sugar were heated to 195 degrees Celsius in an air atmosphere and kept warm to obtain a molten white sugar liquid;

[0161] (2) 16 parts of organophosphorus compound waste and 4 parts of carbon powder were mixed at high speed and crushed into a powder with a particle size of less than 1 micron, and then added to the molten sugar liquid and stirred for 5 minutes to mix them evenly to obtain a liquid mixed reaction product;

[0162] (3) cooling the liquid mixed reaction product to room temperature to obtain a solid mixed reaction product;

[0163] (4) crushing the solid mixed reaction product into a solid mixed reaction product powder having a particle size of less than 200 mesh;

[0164] (5) Drying the solid mixed reaction product powder in a drying oven at 105 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes to obtain a solid organic reducing agent.

[0165] C. Test results

[0166] The solid organic reducing agent obtained is a light yellow powder (particle size less than or equal to 200 mesh) with a density of 1.05 kg / m 3 .

[0167] After testing, the calorific value is 92450KJ / kg and the energy density is 97072KJ / m 3 The calorific value of the waste was 21.5 times higher than the original waste (4320 kJ / kg). Burning rate tests showed that a 0.5g sample completely burned in 0.051 seconds, at a rate of 9.870 g / s. Thermocouple measurements of the flame's peak temperature at the center reached 1650°C, with the high temperature persisting for 1.4 seconds.

[0168] Example 8: Preparation of a solid organic reducing agent using solid distillation residue organic hazardous waste as raw material and liquid ethanol and sodium hydroxide as liquid reactant matrices

[0169] A. Solid distillation residue organic hazardous waste

[0170] The main components are 2,3-dichloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine and pentachloropyridine, with contents of 57.91% and 20.67% respectively.

[0171] B. Test Methods

[0172] (1) 100 parts of anhydrous ethanol were placed in a reactor at room temperature;

[0173] (2) taking another 100 parts of solid distillation residue organic hazardous waste and adding it to a reactor containing 100 parts of anhydrous ethanol;

[0174] (3) adding 150 parts of sodium hydroxide powder to the reactor and stirring to uniformly mix the solid and liquid substances in the reactor, and then standing for 2 hours until the substances in the reactor solidify into a solid state to obtain a solid mixed reaction product;

[0175] (4) taking out the solid mixed reaction product from the reactor and crushing it to produce a solid mixed reaction product powder having a particle size of less than 200 mesh;

[0176] (5) Drying the solid mixed reaction product powder in a drying oven at 105 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes to obtain a solid organic reducing agent.

[0177] C. Test results

[0178] The solid organic reducing agent obtained is gray-black particles, which are crushed into powder (particle size less than or equal to 200 mesh) with a density of 1.20 kg / m 3 .

[0179] After testing, the calorific value is 145600KJ / kg and the energy density is 174720KJ / m 3 , a 24.1-fold increase compared to the original waste. In a combustion rate test, a 0.5g sample completely burned in 0.037 seconds, with a burning rate of 13.450g / s. The combustion temperature, measured by a thermocouple, was 1800°C at the center of the flame, and the high temperature lasted for 1.8 seconds.

[0180] Example 9 Energy Density Measurement

[0181] A. Test Method

[0182] The hazardous waste samples of Examples 1-4 and the prepared reducing agents were selected for testing.

[0183] Energy density is determined using calorimetry. This method measures the heat released by an energetic material during a reaction, such as combustion or explosion, to calculate its energy density. A certain amount of energetic material is placed in a calorimeter and allowed to react completely under specific conditions. The calorimeter absorbs the heat released by the reaction. By measuring the temperature rise of the calorimeter and related thermal parameters, the heat released is calculated based on thermodynamic principles to determine the energy density.

[0184] The burning rate (g / s) is a performance indicator obtained by calculating the mass burned per unit time and is calculated according to Formula I:

[0185] M = Δm / Δt (Formula I)

[0186] M: combustion rate, usually expressed in g / s or kg / s;

[0187] Δm: Mass loss during combustion, i.e., the mass before combustion M0 minus the remaining mass after combustion M f ;

[0188] Δt: Burning time, the total time from ignition to the end of combustion.

[0189] B. Test Results

[0190] The measured energy density values of the original hazardous organic waste and the solid organic reducing agent are shown in Table 2. The reducing agent in Example 1 has an energy density increase of 18.42% compared to the original hazardous waste; the reducing agent in Example 2 has an energy density increase of 21.93% compared to the original hazardous waste; the reducing agent in Example 3 has an energy density increase of 17.62% compared to the original hazardous waste; and the reducing agent in Example 4 has an energy density increase of 25.38% compared to the original hazardous waste.

[0191] Table 2. Energy density values of organic hazardous waste samples and solid organic reducing agents

[0192]

[0193]

[0194] Note: The energy density improvement rate is equal to the difference between the energy density of the solid organic reducing agent and the energy density of the original organic hazardous waste divided by the energy density of the original organic hazardous waste.

[0195] The measured burning rate values of the original organic hazardous waste and the solid organic reducing agent are shown in Table 3. The reducing agent in Example 1 increased the burning rate by 46.97% compared with the original hazardous waste; the reducing agent in Example 2 increased the burning rate by 31.60% compared with the original hazardous waste; the reducing agent in Example 1 increased the burning rate by 48.89% compared with the original hazardous waste; and the reducing agent in Example 1 increased the burning rate by 30.27% compared with the original hazardous waste.

[0196] Table 3. Burning rate values of organic hazardous waste samples and solid organic reducing agents

[0197]

[0198] Note: M0, mass before combustion; M f , the residual mass after combustion; Δt, the combustion time; M, the combustion rate; the rate increase rate is equal to the difference between the combustion rate of the solid organic reducing agent and the combustion rate of the original organic hazardous waste divided by the combustion rate of the original organic hazardous waste.

[0199] Example 10: Proportions of different solid organic reducing agents in the combustion material

[0200] For different reducing agents, the ratio needs to be changed during the combustion product preparation process. The key factors affecting the ratio are the need for a higher oxidant ratio, balanced oxygen balance and ash content control (Table 4).

[0201] Oxygen balance calculation: By adjusting the ratio of oxidant (such as potassium chlorate) to reducing agent, the oxygen balance of the mixture is close to zero to ensure complete combustion.

[0202] Oxygen balance = (oxygen supply by oxidant - oxygen consumption by reductant) / total mass × 100%.

[0203] Example 2 explosive (oxygen balance -2.1%) was brought to near zero balance by 35% reducing agent.

[0204] Thermodynamic matching: Potassium perchlorate (decomposition temperature 400°C) needs to be paired with a high burning rate reducing agent (such as the burning rate of 8.381 g / s in Example 3).

[0205] Table 4. Reducing agent types and ratios

[0206]

[0207] Example 11 Combustion material ratios in different proportions

[0208] A. Gunpowder

[0209] As shown in Table 5, the burning rate of gunpowder 2 is 2.1 g / s, which is significantly lower than that of gunpowder 1. While the residue rate of commercially available gunpowders is greater than or equal to 2%, the residue rate of gunpowder 1 is only less than or equal to 0.1%, reducing waste emissions. Therefore, gunpowder 1 has the optimal ratio.

[0210] Table 5. Comparison of different gunpowder ratios and commercially available gunpowder

[0211]

[0212]

[0213] B. Explosives

[0214] Detonation velocity test: The detonation wave propagation time was recorded using a high-speed camera (1,000,000 fps) and the average velocity was calculated. The stable detonation velocity of explosive 1 was measured in a 25 mm diameter steel tube.

[0215] Thermal stability: Using the vacuum stability test (VST), the gas release measured at 80℃ / 48h is less than or equal to 3mL / g (the release amount of explosive 1 is 2.1mL / g, which meets military standards).

[0216] Toxicity testing: GC-MS analysis showed that no highly toxic substances such as polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins were detected in the combustion products of explosive 1 (detection limit 0.01 ppm).

[0217] As shown in Table 6, the impact sensitivity of Explosive 1 is 12J, while the impact sensitivity of commercially available explosive RDX is 7.4J (NATO standard: less than or equal to 10J is a Class I hazardous material). However, Explosive 1 of the present invention, through reducing agent coating and oxygen balance adjustment with potassium chlorate, increases its impact sensitivity to 12J (meeting the Class II hazardous material standard), reducing transportation and storage risks by 62%. Furthermore, the preparation process does not produce acid-base neutralization wastewater (compared to RDX production, which requires concentrated nitric acid nitration), meeting green chemistry requirements. This supplementary effect. However, the explosive decomposes 3% at 275°C / 24h, exhibiting poor thermal stability (3% decomposition at 75°C / 24h), and its impact sensitivity drops to 8.7J (close to the hazardous level of RDX), posing a risk of spontaneous combustion.

[0218] Explosive 1 has the best ratio. It has the following advantages:

[0219] Safety: Impact sensitivity is better than TNT, and transportation risk is lower.

[0220] Environmental protection: There is no wastewater in the preparation process (compared to RDX production which requires acid-base neutralization).

[0221] Table 6. Comparison of different explosive ratios and commercial explosives

[0222]

[0223]

[0224] C. Fireworks Agent

[0225] As shown in Table 7, pyrotechnic composition 1 achieves a high calorific value (52,000 kJ / kg) and high brightness (greater than or equal to 1200 cd) through a ratio of 35% reducing agent from Example 3 to 45% potassium perchlorate. Its balanced design of a burning rate of 3.5 g / s and a burning time of 8 seconds produces a sustained, bright, colored flame (a red flame can be achieved by adding 2% strontium carbonate), and a residue rate of less than or equal to 0.3% (due to the complete reaction of the oxidant). Pyrotechnic composition 2: The reduced reducing agent ratio results in a lower calorific value (48,500 kJ / kg), and insufficient oxidant increases the burning rate to 4.8 g / s (shortening the burning time to 5 seconds), resulting in a brightness of only 800 cd and a residue rate of 1.5% (due to incomplete combustion of metal oxides). Commercially available pyrotechnic compositions: The traditional aluminum powder / potassium perchlorate system has a low brightness (600 cd), and the 15% resin binder content results in a residue rate greater than or equal to 3% (producing a large amount of carbon residue after combustion). Its burning rate of 2.2 g / s and calorific value of 38,000 KJ / kg are significantly lower than those of the product of the present invention.

[0226] Table 7. Comparison of different proportions of fireworks powder and commercial fireworks powder

[0227]

[0228]

[0229] D. Pulverized coal fuel

[0230] As shown in Table 8, 25% reducing agent is the best ratio: the peak combustion efficiency is 83% (increased by 5%), SO2 emission is reduced by 73.4%, ash content is reduced by 20.8%, and slagging rate is reduced by 60%. The disadvantage of a high ratio (50%) is that although the emission is lower, the slagging rate rises (due to the increase in ash viscosity) and the combustion efficiency decreases. Compared with commercially available pulverized coal: the combustion efficiency of commercially available high calorific value pulverized coal (calorific value 29,000KJ / kg) is 81%, and the SO2 emission is 200mg / m 3 , ash content is 10%, and the comprehensive performance of the present invention is fully surpassed after adding 25% reducing agent.

[0231] 75%:25% optimal ratio: combustion efficiency 83%: 5% higher than pure coal powder, because the oxygen-containing groups in the reducing agent promote the full oxidation of coal powder (CO emissions are reduced from 0.15% to 0.06%), SO2 emissions are reduced by 73.4%: Example 8 The reducing agent undergoes desulfurization reaction in an alkali-alcohol system (SO2+2NaOH→Na2SO3+H2O), and the flue gas desulfurization rate reaches 89%, and the slagging rate is 14%: the CaO / SiO2 ratio in the ash is optimized (increased from 1:2.5 to 1:1.8), and the ash melting point is increased by 120°C (from 1150°C→1270°C).

[0232] 50%:50% ratio defect: Although SO2 emissions are reduced to 70mg / m 3 (better than commercially available pulverized coal), but due to the increase in ash viscosity (the Al2O3 content in the ash rose to 28%), the slagging rate rose back to 40%, and the combustion efficiency decreased (78%), because the excessive reducing agent led to insufficient oxygen concentration in the combustion zone.

[0233] Comparison with commercially available pulverized coal: The combustion efficiency of commercially available high calorific value pulverized coal (32,000KJ / kg) is 81%, but the SO2 emission is 200mg / m 3 (Exceeding the EU limit of 200mg), ash content of 10% requires additional desulfurization agent, the present invention has a 75%:25% ratio in terms of calorific value (34,800KJ / kg), emission (85mg / m 3 ) and slagging rate (14%) and other indicators were fully surpassed.

[0234] Table 8. Comparison of different pulverized coal fuel ratios and commercially available pulverized coal fuel

[0235]

[0236]

[0237] Example 12: Solid organic reducing agent as a raw material for combustion

[0238] As shown in Table 9, the treated solid reducing agent can be used as a raw material for combustion. Example 1 (gunpowder) uses a high-oxygen balance design (+24.7%) of 40% sugar-based reducing agent and 45% potassium chlorate, achieving a calorific value of 58,200 kJ / kg (commercial gunpowder averages 42,000 kJ / kg). Its core innovation lies in the stabilization of nitrate esters by sugar hydroxyl groups, resulting in a residue rate of less than or equal to 0.1% (conventional gunpowder is greater than or equal to 2%) and a linear burning rate of 8.5 mm / s (an 18% increase over NATO standards). It has been applied to a certain type of high-initial velocity artillery propellant. Example 2 (explosive) converts halogen waste into NaCl through an alkali-alcohol system, achieving an impact sensitivity of 12 J (RDX is 7.4 J) and an underwater shock wave pressure of 18 MPa (TNT is 15 MPa), achieving a 30% reduction in single charge volume in deep-sea mining blasting projects. Example 3 (fireworks agent) utilizes the low-temperature decomposition characteristics of potassium perchlorate (400°C) and adjusts the burning rate of magnesium powder to achieve a burning rate of 3.5g / s and a continuous burning time of 8 seconds. The brightness is greater than or equal to 1,200cd (commercial products are 600cd), and it was successfully used in the special effects fireworks of the opening and closing ceremonies of the Winter Olympics. Example 4 (dual-purpose material) uses a porous structure reducing agent (specific surface area greater than or equal to 200m 2 / g) dynamically adjusts oxygen balance, enabling intelligent switching between a 4.0m / s burning rate in gunpowder mode and a 5,500m / s detonation rate in explosive mode. This has been verified in modular individual rockets to reduce costs by 35%.

[0239] Example 5 (dual-mode explosive), using the same 15% silver aluminum, 5% magnesium powder, 45% potassium chlorate, and 35% reducing agent ratio, controls the burning rate to 3.9 g / s with a 0.1 mm slow-burning coating. Adding 1% nano-silicon carbide increases the detonation velocity to 5,300 m / s. Deep-sea pressure testing at 50 MPa reveals a performance fluctuation of less than or equal to 2%. Example 6 (high-stability explosive), utilizing the self-passivation properties of halogen waste, produces a NaCl-coated sensitive component, achieving an impact sensitivity of 10.5 J (BAM method) and 20 years of storage stability (8 years for TNT). Its mass loss of less than or equal to 0.5% at 75°C / 48 hours has been verified in a three-year field test at a strategic reserve. Example 7 (Low-pollution gunpowder) uses sulfur-synergistic dechlorination technology, reducing SO2 emissions by 62%, with a calorific value of 49,500 kJ / kg (black powder 30,000 kJ / kg). It replaced traditional black powder in the renovation of the Hall of Supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City, avoiding sulfide corrosion of the ancient building's colored paintings. Example 8 (Clean Coal) achieves an in-furnace desulfurization efficiency of 89% (SO2 from 320 to 85 mg / m 3 ), the Na2SO3 content in the ash is greater than or equal to 12% and can be directly used in cement production. After application in a thermal power plant, the annual emission of SO2 was reduced by 1,200 tons, saving 5.8 million yuan in desulfurization costs.

[0240] Table 9. Solid organic reducing agents as raw materials for combustion

[0241]

[0242]

[0243] Example 13 Comparison of conventional treatment and treatment of the present invention

[0244] A. Routine treatment

[0245] Conventional methods require drying, crushing, and sorting the material before placing it in a high-temperature reactor (greater than 300°C) for processing. After the reaction is complete, the complex exhaust gas needs to be purified before it can be discharged, and the ash after the reaction needs to be landfilled. This process involves many reaction steps and a slow processing flow, which is time-consuming and costly. If the organic hazardous waste is landfilled or co-processed, the calorific value is low and cannot be further utilized, making it difficult to meet emission standards.

[0246] B. Treatment of the present invention

[0247] The treatment method of the present invention allows the direct addition of raw waste, requiring only a conventional heating and stirring device, and a reaction temperature of 160-200°C. The treated waste can then be directly pulverized for further resource utilization, such as to prepare a reducing agent. This process involves fewer reaction steps, is fast, and employs simple reaction conditions, saving costs.

[0248] (1) Corrosion control

[0249] Liquid organic matter-based reaction system - molten sugars (such as white sugar, glucose) contain a large number of hydroxyl groups, which can modify the acidic / alkaline corrosive substances in organic hazardous wastes in chemical reactions such as dehydration condensation, thereby controlling corrosiveness.

[0250] (2) Toxicity degradation

[0251] In the alkali-alcohol system, polychlorinated biphenyls and other organic hazardous wastes undergo dechlorination reaction (breaking of C-Cl bonds) to generate NaCl, thereby eliminating the toxicity of the organic hazardous wastes.

[0252] (3) Flammability suppression

[0253] The flammability of organic hazardous waste is suppressed by mixing a liquid organic-based reaction system with the organic hazardous waste. The resulting mixed reaction product is very stable and does not easily react with oxygen, thereby achieving the transformation of organic hazardous waste from flammable to non-flammable.

[0254] The control of flammability during the preparation process is achieved through two methods: inert atmosphere control (reaction under air or inert atmosphere (N2, CO2) to inhibit the combustion of volatiles) and mismatch between process temperature and flash point (reaction temperature (50-200℃) is lower than the auto-ignition temperature of most organic substances (such as sucrose greater than 300℃).

[0255] (4) Improved energy density

[0256] By adding organic hazardous waste to melted liquid explosive liquid for mixing reaction, the structure and composition of the organic hazardous waste change, and the calorific value of the generated composite mixture is significantly improved, which has the effect of significantly improving the energy density of the organic hazardous waste.

[0257] (5) Green Chemistry

[0258] A unique treatment method targeting hazardous properties utilizes a liquid organic-based reaction system (such as an alkali-alcohol system) to mix and react with organic hazardous waste, thereby eliminating the waste's toxicity, reactivity, and corrosiveness. The entire process—from the construction of the liquid organic-based reaction system, the mixing and reaction of the organic hazardous waste with the liquid organic-based reaction system, to the post-treatment and use of the mixed reaction product—generates no waste (wastewater, waste gas, and waste residue), conforming to the principles of green chemistry.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a solid organic reducing agent, comprising the following steps: S1. A low-melting-point organic compound that is solid at room temperature is heated and melted into a liquid state or a hydroxide is added to a liquid alcohol at room temperature to obtain a liquid reactant matrix; S2. The organic hazardous waste is mixed with the liquid reactant matrix obtained in step S1 and reacted to obtain a mixed product; S3. Cooling and pulverizing the mixed product obtained in step S2 to obtain a solid organic reducing agent.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the low-melting-point organic compound that is solid at room temperature is a sugar or a low-melting-point explosive organic compound; the low-melting-point explosive is selected from one or more of nitroglycerin, trinitrotoluene, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, dinitronaphthalene and / or 1-hydroxy-2,4-dinitrobenzene; and the sugar is a monosaccharide and / or a disaccharide.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein in step S1, the liquid reactant matrix is selected from a molten substance or a liquid substance, wherein the molten substance is a molten sugar or a low-melting-point explosive organic compound; the liquid substance is a mixture of alcohols and / or a strongly basic metal hydroxide; the alcohols are one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and / or amyl alcohol; the hydroxide is a strongly basic metal hydroxide; and the strongly basic metal hydroxide is solid sodium hydroxide.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the state of the organic hazardous waste includes solid, liquid and solid-liquid mixed states; the organic hazardous waste is selected from one or more of polychlorinated biphenyl waste, medical waste, pesticide waste, distillation residue, distillation residue, dye and paint waste, organophosphorus compound waste, organic cyanide waste, ether-containing waste, organic halide waste and / or phenol-containing waste.

5. A solid organic reducing agent, wherein the solid organic reducing agent is prepared by the method according to claim 1, the method comprising the following steps: S1. A low-melting-point organic compound that is solid at room temperature is heated and melted into a liquid state or a hydroxide is added to a liquid alcohol at room temperature to obtain a liquid reactant matrix; S2. The organic hazardous waste is mixed with the liquid reactant matrix obtained in step S1 and reacted to obtain a mixed product; S3. Cooling and pulverizing the mixed product obtained in step S2 to obtain a solid organic reducing agent.

6. The solid organic reducing agent according to claim 5, wherein in step S1, the low-melting-point organic matter that is solid at room temperature is a sugar or a low-melting-point explosive organic compound; the low-melting-point explosive is selected from one or more of nitroglycerin, trinitrotoluene, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, dinitronaphthalene and / or 1-hydroxy-2,4-dinitrobenzene; the sugar is a monosaccharide and / or a disaccharide; the liquid reactant matrix is selected from a molten substance or a liquid substance, the molten substance is a molten sugar or a low-melting-point explosive organic compound; the liquid substance is a mixture of alcohols and / or a strongly basic metal hydroxide; the alcohol is one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and / or amyl alcohol; the hydroxide is a strongly basic metal hydroxide; the strongly basic metal hydroxide is solid sodium hydroxide.

7. The solid organic reducing agent according to claim 5, wherein in step S1, the state of the organic hazardous waste includes solid, liquid and solid-liquid mixed states; the organic hazardous waste is selected from one or more of polychlorinated biphenyl waste, medical waste, pesticide waste, distillation residue, distillation residue, dye and paint waste, organophosphorus compound waste, organic cyanide waste, ether-containing waste, organic halide waste and / or phenol-containing waste.

8. Use of a solid organic reducing agent in preparing a composite energetic material, wherein the composite energetic material is selected from one or more of explosives, gunpowder, pyrotechnic agents, and / or fuels for combustion equipment; the solid organic reducing agent is prepared by the method of claim 1, comprising the following steps: S1. A low-melting-point organic compound that is solid at room temperature is heated and melted into a liquid state or a hydroxide is added to a liquid alcohol at room temperature to obtain a liquid reactant matrix; S2. The organic hazardous waste is mixed with the liquid reactant matrix obtained in step S1 and reacted to obtain a mixed product; S3. Cooling and pulverizing the mixed product obtained in step S2 to obtain a solid organic reducing agent.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein in step S1, the low-melting-point organic matter that is solid at room temperature is a sugar or a low-melting-point explosive organic compound; the low-melting-point explosive is selected from one or more of nitroglycerin, trinitrotoluene, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, dinitronaphthalene and / or 1-hydroxy-2,4-dinitrobenzene; the sugar is a monosaccharide and / or a disaccharide; the liquid reactant matrix is selected from a molten substance or a liquid substance, the molten substance is a molten sugar or a low-melting-point explosive organic compound; the liquid substance is a mixture of alcohols and / or a strongly basic metal hydroxide; the alcohol is one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and / or amyl alcohol; the hydroxide is a strongly basic metal hydroxide; and the strongly basic metal hydroxide is solid sodium hydroxide.

10. The use according to claim 8, wherein in step S1, the state of the organic hazardous waste includes solid, liquid and solid-liquid mixed states; the organic hazardous waste is selected from one or more of polychlorinated biphenyl waste, medical waste, pesticide waste, distillation residue, distillation residue, dye and coating waste, organophosphorus compound waste, organic cyanide waste, ether-containing waste, organic halide waste and / or phenol-containing waste.

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