Electrolytic water hydrogen production system with dynamically adjustable electrolytic bath runner structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic bath flow channel structure, and relates to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production. One end of the heat exchanger communicates with the pump body, the other end of the heat exchanger communicates with one side of an electrolysis assembly, the other side of the electrolysis assembly is connected with a hydrogen mixing bin, and the hydrogen mixing bin communicates with the water storage bin; the power supply equipment is electrically connected with the electrolysis assembly and is controlled by a controller; the water-vapor separation equipment is communicated with the hydrogen mixing bin; and the hydrogen collecting bin is communicated with the water vapor separation equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, and in particular to a hydrogen production system by electrolysis of water with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure. Background Art

[0002] Proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis to produce hydrogen is a highly efficient technology that uses a proton exchange membrane (PEM) to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen under the action of direct current. It has the characteristics of fast response, high efficiency, high purity, and adaptability to renewable energy. It is one of the most environmentally friendly technical routes for producing hydrogen.

[0003] The electrolyzer of the existing PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device consists of a membrane electrode assembly, a gas diffusion layer and a bipolar plate, wherein the bipolar plate is provided with an electrolyzer flow channel. However, the existing flow channel is relatively fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the conditions during electrolysis. As a result, the gas-liquid flow resistance needs to be adjusted according to the actual situation, affecting the electrolysis efficiency.

[0004] In response to the above problems, the present invention provides a water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure, characterized in that it comprises:

[0006] A water storage tank, one end of which is connected to a pump body;

[0007] A heat exchanger, one end of which is connected to the pump body, and the other end of which is connected to one side of the electrolysis component, the other side of the electrolysis component is connected to the hydrogen mixing tank, and the hydrogen mixing tank is connected to the water storage tank;

[0008] a power supply device electrically connected to the electrolytic assembly and controlled by a controller;

[0009] a water vapor separation device, connected to the hydrogen mixing chamber;

[0010] The hydrogen collection chamber is connected to the water vapor separation equipment.

[0011] Further, preferably, the electrolytic assembly includes:

[0012] The end plates are configured in two pieces and are arranged in parallel using multiple threaded columns;

[0013] a water inlet, provided on one of the end plates;

[0014] There are two air outlets, which are respectively opened on the two end plates and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the water inlet;

[0015] a fixed plate, fixed to a side of the end plates close to each other;

[0016] The plate assembly is fixed on the side of the fixed plates close to each other, and the plate assembly close to the end plate with the water inlet is the positive plate assembly;

[0017] The membrane electrode assembly is arranged in the middle position of the two end plates.

[0018] Furthermore, preferably, a sealing gasket is provided between the membrane electrode assembly and the electrode plate assembly, a diffusion layer is provided in the middle of the sealing gasket, and the diffusion layer is adhered to the electrode plate assembly.

[0019] Furthermore, preferably, the electrode plate assembly includes:

[0020] a conductive plate fixed to the fixing plate;

[0021] an adjustment component, mounted in the conductive plate;

[0022] a telescopic tube, one end of which is fixed to the water inlet and the air outlet, and the other end of which is fixed to the regulating assembly;

[0023] The adjusting column and the converting column have one end fixed on the adjusting assembly and the other end slidably arranged on the end plate;

[0024] The regulating cylinders are configured in two and are fixed on the end plate, and the output ends thereof are connected to the regulating column and the conversion column respectively.

[0025] Furthermore, preferably, the adjustment component includes:

[0026] a plurality of fixing bars, arranged to be fixed to the fixing plate at equal intervals;

[0027] a sliding plate, slidably disposed in the conductive plate and connected to the adjusting column;

[0028] The conversion blocks are configured in multiple numbers and are staggeredly arranged at the upper and lower ends of the fixing bar;

[0029] The connecting rod is fixed on the plurality of conversion blocks and connected to the conversion column, and drives the plurality of conversion blocks to slide synchronously.

[0030] Furthermore, preferably, a connection port is provided on the sliding plate at a position corresponding to the telescopic tube.

[0031] Further, preferably, the sliding plate, fixing bar, conversion block and diffusion layer together constitute a flow channel. When the conversion block is away from the diffusion layer, the flow channel is a horizontal flow channel. When the conversion block is attached to the diffusion layer, the flow channel is a serpentine flow channel.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] In the present invention, the flow channel can be dynamically switched between the horizontal flow channel and the serpentine flow channel by adjusting the conversion block of the component. The horizontal flow channel reduces the fluid resistance at low load and reduces the energy consumption of the pump; the serpentine flow channel extends the reaction path at high load, increases the contact time between the electrolyte and the electrode, and significantly improves the reaction efficiency. The power supply equipment is dynamically regulated by the controller, combined with the change of the flow channel morphology, to match the optimal current density and voltage, reduce energy loss, and the depth of the flow channel can be adjusted by the sliding plate. Increasing the flow channel depth under high load conditions can expand the electrolyte flux, enhance the material transfer on the electrode surface, avoid concentration polarization, and increase the hydrogen production rate. Reducing the flow channel depth under low load conditions can limit the circulation of excessive electrolyte, reduce pumping energy consumption, and avoid waste of resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolyzer flow channel structure;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the electrolytic component structure of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure;

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the expanded structure of an electrolytic component of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure;

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustment component of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure;

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the flow channel structure of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure;

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the first state structure of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure;

[0040] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the second state structure of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolyzer flow channel structure;

[0041] In the figure: 1. Water storage tank; 2. Pump body; 3. Heat exchanger; 4. Hydrogen mixing tank; 5. Controller; 6. Power supply equipment; 7. Electrolysis assembly; 8. Water-gas separation equipment; 9. Hydrogen collection tank; 71. End plate; 72. Threaded column; 73. Water inlet; 74. Gas outlet; 75. Fixed plate; 76. Plate assembly; 77. Membrane electrode assembly; 78. Adjustment cylinder; 79. Sealing gasket; 791. Diffusion layer; 761. Conductive plate; 762. Telescopic tube; 763. Adjustment assembly; 764. Adjustment column; 765. Conversion column; 7631. Fixed bar; 7632. Sliding plate; 7633. Conversion block; 7634. Connecting rod; 7635. Connecting port; 7636. Flow channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Reference Figure 1-Figure 7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure, comprising:

[0043] A water storage tank 1, one end of which is connected to a pump body 2;

[0044] A heat exchanger 3, one end of which is connected to the pump body 2, and the other end of which is connected to one side of the electrolysis component 7. The other side of the electrolysis component 7 is connected to the hydrogen mixing chamber 4, and the hydrogen mixing chamber 4 is connected to the water storage tank 1;

[0045] A power supply device 6 is electrically connected to the electrolytic assembly 7 and is controlled by a controller 5;

[0046] a water vapor separation device 8, connected to the hydrogen mixing chamber 4;

[0047] The hydrogen collection chamber 9 is connected to the water vapor separation device 8.

[0048] Among them, the water storage tank 1 and the hydrogen mixing tank 4 form a closed water circuit to reduce water resource consumption. The heat exchanger 3 regulates the electrolyte temperature to avoid overheating and damage to the membrane electrode. The controller 5 adjusts the power of the power supply equipment in real time to match the hydrogen production demand.

[0049] In this embodiment, the electrolytic assembly 7 includes:

[0050] The end plate 71 is configured as two and is arranged in parallel with a plurality of threaded columns 72;

[0051] A water inlet 73 is provided on one of the end plates 71;

[0052] There are two air outlets 74 , which are respectively opened on the two end plates 71 and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the water inlet 73 ;

[0053] A fixing plate 75 is fixed to the side of the end plates 71 that are close to each other;

[0054] The plate assembly 76 is fixed to the side of the fixing plate 75 close to each other, and the plate assembly 76 close to the end plate 71 with the water inlet 73 is the positive plate assembly;

[0055] The membrane electrode assembly 77 is arranged in the middle of the two end plates 71 .

[0056] The membrane electrode assembly 77 at least includes a proton exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst and an anode catalyst, wherein the proton exchange membrane only allows hydrogen ions to pass through.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, a sealing gasket 79 is provided between the membrane electrode assembly 77 and the electrode plate assembly 76 , a diffusion layer 791 is provided in the middle of the sealing gasket 79 , and the diffusion layer 791 is attached to the electrode plate assembly 76 .

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, the plate assembly 76 includes:

[0059] A conductive plate 761 is fixed on the fixing plate 75;

[0060] An adjustment component 763 is installed in the conductive plate 761;

[0061] The telescopic tube 762 has one end fixed to the water inlet 73 and the air outlet 74 and the other end fixed to the adjustment assembly 763;

[0062] The adjusting column 764 and the switching column 765 have one end fixed on the adjusting assembly 763 and the other end slidably disposed on the end plate 71;

[0063] The regulating cylinders 78 are configured in two and fixed on the end plate 71 , and the output ends thereof are connected to the regulating column 764 and the conversion column 765 respectively.

[0064] That is, the telescopic tube 762 can ensure that the electrolyte can enter between the conductive plate 761 and the diffusion layer 791 when the adjustment cylinder 78 adjusts the adjustment component 763 .

[0065] As a preferred embodiment, the adjustment component 763 includes:

[0066] The fixing bars 7631 are configured as a plurality and fixed on the fixing plate 75 at equal intervals;

[0067] a sliding plate 7632 slidably disposed within the conductive plate 761 and connected to the adjustment column 764 ;

[0068] The conversion blocks 7633 are configured in multiple numbers and are staggeredly arranged at the upper and lower ends of the fixing bar 7631;

[0069] The connecting rod 7634 is fixed on the multiple conversion blocks 7633 and connected to the conversion column 765, and drives the multiple conversion blocks 7633 to slide synchronously.

[0070] As a preferred embodiment, the feature is that a connecting port 7635 is opened on the sliding plate 7632 at a position corresponding to the telescopic tube 762 .

[0071] As a preferred embodiment, the sliding plate 7632, the fixing bar 7631, the conversion block 7633 and the diffusion layer 791 together constitute a flow channel 7636. When the conversion block 7633 is away from the diffusion layer 791, the flow channel 7636 is a horizontal flow channel. When the conversion block 7633 is attached to the diffusion layer 791, the flow channel 7636 is a serpentine flow channel.

[0072] That is, when the depth of the flow channel 7636 needs to be adjusted, the adjustment cylinder 78 drives the adjustment column 764 to slide, so that the sliding plate 7632 moves closer to or away from the diffusion layer 791, thereby changing the depth of the flow channel 7636. In high-load conditions, the flow channel depth is increased to expand the electrolyte flux, enhance the material transfer on the electrode surface, avoid concentration polarization, and increase the hydrogen production rate. In low-load conditions, the flow channel depth is reduced to limit excessive electrolyte circulation, reduce pumping energy consumption, and avoid resource waste.

[0073] In addition, the sliding of the conversion block 7633 can dynamically switch the flow channel 7636 between the horizontal flow channel and the serpentine flow channel. The horizontal flow channel reduces the fluid resistance at low load and reduces the energy consumption of the pump; the serpentine flow channel extends the reaction path at high load, increases the contact time between the electrolyte and the electrode, and significantly improves the reaction efficiency.

[0074] Specifically, first, the water in the water storage tank 1 is sent to the heat exchanger 3 through the pump body 2 for temperature adjustment, and then enters the electrolysis component 7. At the same time, the power supply equipment 6 supplies power to make the water electrolyzed in the electrolysis component 7. The oxygen mixture after electrolysis enters the water storage tank 1 for collection, and the hydrogen mixture enters the hydrogen mixing tank 4 for collection. The water that has not been electrolyzed enters the electrolysis component 7 again for electrolysis, and the hydrogen mixture enters the water-gas separation equipment 8 for separation. Finally, the hydrogen is collected through the hydrogen collection tank 9.

[0075] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure, characterized by: include: A water storage tank (1), one end of which is connected to a pump body (2); A heat exchanger (3) is connected to the pump body (2) at one end and to one side of an electrolysis assembly (7) at the other end. The other side of the electrolysis assembly (7) is connected to a hydrogen mixing chamber (4), and the hydrogen mixing chamber (4) is connected to a water storage chamber (1). A power supply device (6) is electrically connected to the electrolytic component (7) and is controlled by a controller (5); a water vapor separation device (8) in communication with the hydrogen mixing chamber (4); The hydrogen collecting chamber (9) is in communication with the water vapor separation device (8).

2. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic assembly (7) comprises: The end plate (71) is configured as two and is arranged in parallel with a plurality of threaded columns (72); a water inlet (73) provided on one of the end plates (71); There are two air outlets (74), which are respectively opened on the two end plates (71) and are arranged symmetrically with the water inlet (73); A fixing plate (75) fixed to a side of the end plates (71) close to each other; A plate assembly (76) is fixed on a side of the fixing plate (75) close to each other, and the plate assembly (76) close to the end plate (71) provided with the water inlet (73) is a positive plate assembly; The membrane electrode assembly (77) is arranged in the middle of the two end plates (71).

3. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing gasket (79) is provided between the membrane electrode assembly (77) and the electrode plate assembly (76), a diffusion layer (791) is provided in the middle of the sealing gasket (79), and the diffusion layer (791) is attached to the electrode plate assembly (76).

4. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plate assembly (76) includes: A conductive plate (761) fixed on the fixing plate (75); An adjustment assembly (763) is installed in the conductive plate (761); A telescopic tube (762), one end of which is fixed to the water inlet (73) and the air outlet (74), and the other end of which is fixed to the regulating assembly (763); An adjusting column (764) and a conversion column (765), one end of which is fixed on the adjusting assembly (763) and the other end of which is slidably arranged on the end plate (71); The regulating cylinders (78) are configured in two pieces and are fixed on the end plate (71), and the output ends thereof are connected to the regulating column (764) and the conversion column (765) respectively.

5. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (763) includes: A plurality of fixing bars (7631) are arranged and fixed on the fixing plate (75) at equal intervals; a sliding plate (7632) slidably disposed in the conductive plate (761) and connected to the adjusting column (764); The conversion blocks (7633) are configured in multiple numbers and are staggeredly arranged at the upper and lower ends of the fixing bar (7631); The connecting rod (7634) is fixed on the multiple conversion blocks (7633) and connected to the conversion column (765), and drives the multiple conversion blocks (7633) to slide synchronously.

6. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A connection port (7635) is provided on the sliding plate (7632) at a position corresponding to the telescopic tube (762).

7. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a dynamically adjustable electrolytic cell flow channel structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sliding plate (7632), the fixing bar (7631), the conversion block (7633) and the diffusion layer (791) together constitute a flow channel (7636). When the conversion block (7633) is away from the diffusion layer (791), the flow channel (7636) is a horizontal flow channel. When the conversion block (7633) is in contact with the diffusion layer (791), the flow channel (7636) is a serpentine flow channel.

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