Surface limiting gradient filament spreading device capable of controlling multifilament spreading as well as use method and application of surface limiting gradient filament spreading device

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifilament unfolding controllable surface limiting gradient filament unfolding device, a using method and application. The surface limiting gradient filament spreading device capable of controlling multifilament spreading comprises a base frame; the first tension mechanism is arranged on the base frame and is used for adjusting the tension of the multifilament entering the first tension mechanism; the first filament spreading mechanism is arranged on the base frame, and the first filament spreading mechanism is used for carrying out filament spreading operation on the multifilament located on the first filament spreading mechanism; the first limiting mechanism is arranged on the base frame and used for adjusting the wrap angle between the multifilament and the filament spreading mechanism. According to the invention, multifilament separation and dispersion effects based on the binary tree model can be realized through the herringbone dotted projection structures, and wide-range adjustment and fixed-width control of the spreading width can be obtained by combining the gradient angle of the gradient filament spreading roller and the maximum wrap angle of the gradient filament spreading roller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical multifilament spreading, and in particular to a surface-limiting gradient spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading, and a method for using and application of the surface-limiting gradient spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading. Background Art

[0002] With the diversification and diversification of people's clothing needs, the textile industry has developed rapidly, and the application and methods of spinning equipment are also constantly updated. At the same time, with the advent of synthetic fibers, the consumption of textile material resources has become increasingly prominent. The concepts of "green, development and environmental protection" have penetrated into the minds of textile entrepreneurs. The amount of natural fiber noil, noil, kapok, hemp and other short and weak fibers in the textile processing process has also increased. In addition, the fibers with inferior length and strength compared to the original fibers in recycled textiles with sustainable development benefits cannot be reasonably utilized. These short and weak natural fibers are almost impossible to spin into yarns alone. The yarns obtained by blending are low in strength and have high hairiness. These natural fibers are discarded or sent to recycled fiber companies, resulting in these short and weak fibers being unable to be redistributed and utilized, or causing unnecessary waste of resources. Due to its large volume, cumbersome and not necessarily efficient spinning, ring spinning is the most common spinning method. Combining the application of yarn spreading technology in the field of ring-spun composite yarn is one of the main ways to solve such production problems.

[0003] The existing spinning methods for solving the above problems are to add a wire spreading device to the ring spinning machine or to partially modify the spinning frame. For example, the domestic Yu Weidong (TMT-FSM) team added a mechanical wire spreading device as a coaxial bundle net composite yarn with unequal root number, spinning method and application (patent publication number CN102747486A) and a two-axis wire spreading and bundling composite wire spreading device, method and application (patent publication number CN102704077A). Both of them are multifilaments that are first split and then spread through a wire spreading roller to spread the multifilaments, which can enhance the composite yarn. However, the surface of the wire spreading roller is not a point groove and the differential speed of the wire spreading roller cannot be effectively controlled, and thus the width of the wire cannot be effectively controlled. This is a simplest mechanism in principle and does not have a specific mechanical mechanism, especially a mechanism that can be directly used in production with controllable and adjustable functions and performance. Amest MS (Patent No. JP53122829) proposed a method for spinning composite yarns using an electrode fiber-spreading device after the front rollers. This method achieved good spreading results, but its device, which separates fibers using an electrostatic field, is constrained by the polarity of the fiber molecules. Furthermore, it is costly, presents significant safety risks, and is affected by fiber conductivity and spinning waste. Philip N. Smith (Patent No. US3739566) employed a mechanical yarn spreading method consisting of multiple mechanical rollers and a motor. The multifilaments are rubbed and squeezed against multiple rollers, and finally spread out by a motor-driven diamond roller. However, this method requires extensive equipment, has low flattening and spreading efficiency, and lacks strong independence of the mechanical rollers. Spreading mechanisms also exist abroad that can spread the filament bundle to a desired width, but these are not suitable for spinning systems. For example, Hayward (Patent No. US2822582) employed seven mechanical rollers to separate the fiber bundles. The rollers have different structures, and the complex mechanism is not suitable for general spinning applications. Joseph Lee Lifke (patent number: US6049956) consists of several dispersion drums. The fiber bundles are dispersed by changing the angles of the discs at both ends of the dispersion drums. This method has many mechanical parts and requires high mechanical coordination. The controllability and stability of the unfolding width are poor.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art provide a surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading, the surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading comprising:

[0008] base frame;

[0009] a first tension mechanism, the first tension mechanism being disposed on the base frame and being used to adjust the tension of the multifilament entering the first tension mechanism;

[0010] a first yarn spreading mechanism, the first yarn spreading mechanism being arranged on the base frame and being used for spreading the multifilament yarn located on the first yarn spreading mechanism;

[0011] A first limiting mechanism is provided on the base frame, and is used for adjusting an enclosing angle between the multifilament and the first yarn spreading mechanism.

[0012] Optionally, the first tension mechanism includes a threaded tension rod, a nut, a pressure nut, a tension spring, and a tension disk; wherein,

[0013] The base frame is provided with a tension mechanism mounting hole;

[0014] One end of the threaded tension rod is passed through the tension mechanism mounting hole;

[0015] The nut is provided at one end of the threaded tension rod, and the end is located on one side of the tension mechanism mounting hole;

[0016] The tension disc is mounted on the threaded tension rod and is arranged on the other side of the tension mechanism mounting hole;

[0017] The pressure nut is mounted on the threaded tension rod and is located on the same side of the tension mechanism mounting hole as the tension disk;

[0018] A tension spring is disposed on the threaded tension rod and between the tension disk and the pressure nut.

[0019] Optionally, the first wire spreading mechanism includes a gradient wire spreading roller, a gradient wire spreading fixing rod, and a speed reducer; wherein,

[0020] The gradient wire fixing rod is installed on the base frame;

[0021] The gradient wire spreading roller is mounted on the gradient wire spreading fixed rod and can rotate relative to the gradient wire spreading fixed rod;

[0022] The speed reducer is mounted on the gradient wire spreading fixing rod and is used to adjust the rotation speed of the gradient wire spreading roller.

[0023] Optionally, the base frame is provided with a limiter I strip mounting hole and a limiter II strip mounting hole; the first limiting mechanism includes limiter I and limiter II;

[0024] The stopper I is arranged on the bar-shaped mounting hole of the stopper I and can adjust its position in the bar-shaped mounting hole of the stopper I;

[0025] The stopper II is arranged on the bar-shaped mounting hole of the stopper II and can adjust its position in the bar-shaped mounting hole of the stopper II.

[0026] Optionally, the limiter I includes:

[0027] A limiter I limit rod, the limiter I limit rod comprises a limit portion and a threaded portion, the limit portion is provided with a limit groove, and the limit groove is used to limit the multifilament;

[0028] The limiter I nut is used to cooperate with the threaded portion of the limiter I limit rod passing through the limiter I bar-shaped mounting hole to fix the relative position of the limiter I limit rod and the limiter I bar-shaped mounting hole.

[0029] Optionally, the stopper II includes:

[0030] A limiter II limit rod, the limiter II limit rod comprising a limit portion and a threaded portion;

[0031] The limiter II nut is used to cooperate with the threaded portion of the limiter II limit rod passing through the limiter II bar-shaped mounting hole to fix the relative position of the limiter II limit rod and the limiter II bar-shaped mounting hole.

[0032] Optionally, the first driving mechanism includes a driving roller, a connecting shaft, a bearing, and a pressure spring; wherein,

[0033] The connecting shaft is connected to the base frame;

[0034] The inner ring of the bearing is connected to the connecting shaft;

[0035] The inner ring of the driving roller is connected to the outer ring of the bearing;

[0036] One end of the pressure spring is connected to the connecting shaft, and the other end is installed on the base frame.

[0037] The present application also provides a method for using a surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading, and the method for using the surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading includes:

[0038] Obtaining basic multifilament information of the multifilament material to be stretched;

[0039] The surrounding angle in the controllable surface limiting gradient spreading device for multifilament spreading as described above is adjusted according to the basic information of the multifilament, so that the maximum single-filament separation rate can be obtained when the multifilament material to be spread is spread.

[0040] Optionally, the value of the enclosing angle is adjusted by the following formula:

[0041]

[0042] in,

[0043] S is the expected single-filament separation rate, α is the wrap angle, n is the rotational speed of the gradient spreading roller, N is the number of fine point structures, ρ is the density of the point-like protrusion structures, and k1, k2, k3, and k4 are proportional coefficients determined experimentally. The surface-limited gradient spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading of the present invention has the following benefits and advantages:

[0044] The present application also provides a method for using the above-mentioned surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading, which is used for spinning composite structures of natural fibers and recycled fibers.

[0045] (a) The wire spreading device is an integrated modular device that is plug-and-play, has a simple structure, a large adjustment range, ample adjustment space, and is easy to operate;

[0046] (b) The yarn spreading effect can not only achieve the multifilament separation and dispersion based on the binary tree model through the herringbone dot protrusion structure, but also achieve a wide range of adjustment and fixed width control of the spread width by combining the gradient angle of the gradient spread roller and the maximum wrap angle of the gradient spread roller;

[0047] (c) The fiber materials used can be all known natural fibers, chemical fibers, and recycled fibers, including those that are relatively short or weak. This has significant ecological significance for the redistribution and utilization of such fibers and the reduction of fiber resource waste. Furthermore, it can also enable the formation and processing of high-branched, functionalized, and high-grade composite yarns from such low-grade and waste fibers, as well as their high-quality upgrading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the surface structure of a gradient spreading roller of a surface-limited gradient spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of composite yarn formation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Legend:

[0052] 1-first tension mechanism; 11-threaded tension rod; 12-pressure nut; 13-tension spring; 14-tension disk; 2-first wire spreading mechanism; 21-gradient wire spreading roller; 22-gradient wire spreading fixing rod; 23-speed reducer; 3-first limiting mechanism; 31-limiter I; 311-limiter I nut; 312-limiter I limiting rod; 32-limiter II; 321-limiter II nut; 322-limiter II limiting rod; 4-first driving mechanism; 41-driving roller; 42-pressure spring; 5-base frame; 51-bridge plate; 52-left base frame; 53-right base frame; 54-fixing screw; 6-multifilament; 61-wire spreading mesh; 7-front roller jaws; 8-short fiber strands. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to be exhaustive. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that the terms used herein are intended solely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. For ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to scale. Technologies, methods, and devices known to persons of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such technologies, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely illustrative and not limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0054] like Figure 1 The multifilament spreading device with controllable surface position limiting gradient comprises a base frame, a first tension mechanism, a first spreading mechanism and a first position limiting mechanism, wherein:

[0055] A first tension mechanism is provided on the base frame, and is used to adjust the tension of the multifilament entering the first tension mechanism;

[0056] A first wire spreading mechanism is provided on the base frame, and the first wire spreading mechanism is used to perform a wire spreading operation on the multifilament located on the first wire spreading mechanism;

[0057] The first limiting mechanism is arranged on the base frame, and the first limiting mechanism is used to adjust the surrounding angle between the multifilament and the first yarn spreading mechanism.

[0058] In this embodiment, the base frame 5 includes a bridging piece 51, a left base frame 52 and a right base frame 53, wherein the first tensioning mechanism, the first wire spreading mechanism and the first limiting mechanism are arranged on the right base frame 53, and the left base frame 52 is provided with a second tensioning mechanism, the second wire spreading mechanism and the second limiting mechanism are arranged on the right base frame 53, wherein the first tensioning mechanism and the second tensioning mechanism have the same structure, the second wire spreading mechanism and the first wire spreading mechanism have the same structure, and the first limiting mechanism and the second limiting mechanism have the same structure. Therefore, in the following description, only the first tensioning mechanism, the first wire spreading mechanism and the first limiting mechanism are taken as examples.

[0059] In this embodiment, the bridge piece 51 is used to connect the left base frame 52 and the right base frame 53 .

[0060] In this embodiment, the first tension mechanism includes a threaded tension rod 11, a nut, a pressure nut 12, a tension spring 13, and a tension disk 14; wherein,

[0061] The base frame is provided with a tension mechanism mounting hole;

[0062] One end of the threaded tension rod 11 is passed through the tension mechanism mounting hole;

[0063] The nut is provided at one end of the threaded tension rod 11, which is located on one side of the mounting hole of the tension mechanism;

[0064] The tension disc 14 is mounted on the threaded tension rod 11 and is arranged on the other side of the tension mechanism mounting hole;

[0065] The pressure nut 12 is mounted on the threaded tension rod 11 and is located on the same side of the tension mechanism mounting hole as the tension disk 14;

[0066] The tension spring 13 is provided on the threaded tension rod 11 and between the tension disc 14 and the pressure nut 12 .

[0067] In this embodiment, the first tension mechanism is used to control the feeding tension of the multifilament. The pressure of the tension spring on the tension disk is regulated by rotating the pressure nut inward or outward on the threaded tension rod, thereby changing the contact surface with the multifilament and realizing controllable adjustment of the tension.

[0068] In this embodiment, the first wire spreading mechanism includes a gradient wire spreading roller 21, a gradient wire spreading fixing rod 22, and a speed reducer 23; wherein,

[0069] The gradient wire fixing rod 22 is installed on the base frame;

[0070] The gradient wire spreading roller 21 is mounted on the gradient wire spreading fixed rod 22 and can rotate relative to the gradient wire spreading fixed rod 22;

[0071] The speed reducer 23 is mounted on the gradient yarn spreading fixing rod 22 and is used to adjust the rotation speed of the gradient yarn spreading roller 21 .

[0072] See also Figure 2 In this embodiment, the surface of the gradient spreader roller is etched with symmetrical, fine-dot structures and herringbone-shaped grooves. The roller's rotational speed and the dot-shaped raised structures on its surface enable rapid separation of the multifilaments. A speed reducer regulates the friction of the gradient spreader roller, thereby controlling its rotational speed.

[0073] In this embodiment, the base frame is provided with a limiter I strip-shaped mounting hole and a limiter II strip-shaped mounting hole; the first limiting mechanism includes a limiter I 31 and a limiter II 32;

[0074] The stopper I is arranged on the bar-shaped mounting hole of the stopper I and can adjust its position in the bar-shaped mounting hole of the stopper I;

[0075] The stopper II is arranged on the bar-shaped mounting hole of the stopper II and can adjust its position in the bar-shaped mounting hole of the stopper II.

[0076] In this embodiment, the limiter I 31 includes a limiter I limit rod 312 and a limiter I nut 311, wherein:

[0077] The limiter I limit rod 312 includes a limit portion and a threaded portion, and the limit portion is provided with a limit groove, and the limit groove is used to limit the multifilament;

[0078] The limiter I nut 311 is used to cooperate with the threaded portion of the limiter I limit rod passing through the limiter I bar-shaped mounting hole to fix the relative position of the limiter I limit rod and the limiter I bar-shaped mounting hole.

[0079] In this embodiment, the limiter II 32 includes a limiter II limit rod 322 and a limiter II nut 321, wherein:

[0080] The limiter II limit rod 322 includes a limit portion and a threaded portion;

[0081] The limiter II nut 321 is used to cooperate with the threaded portion of the limiter II limit rod passing through the limiter II bar-shaped mounting hole to fix the relative position of the limiter II limit rod and the limiter II bar-shaped mounting hole.

[0082] Limiters I and II consist of a nut and a coaxially fixed limit rod, mounted on a base frame for adjustable displacement. By moving left and right to achieve maximum displacement, they regulate the angle between the multifilament and the gradient spread roller, thereby controlling the duration, effect, and width of the spread.

[0083] In this embodiment, the first driving mechanism 4 includes a driving roller 41, a connecting shaft, a bearing, and a pressure spring 42; wherein,

[0084] The connecting shaft is connected to the base frame;

[0085] The inner ring of the bearing is connected to the connecting shaft;

[0086] The inner ring of the driving roller 41 is connected to the outer ring of the bearing;

[0087] One end of the pressure spring is connected to the connecting shaft, and the other end is installed on the base frame.

[0088] In this embodiment, the pressure spring applies pressure to the driving roller, causing it to engage with the upper front roller, thereby pulling and controlling the movement of the wire mesh.

[0089] In this embodiment, the first tension mechanism 1 is used to control the feeding tension of the multifilament 6; the first yarn spreading mechanism is used to unfold the multifilament; the first limiting mechanism 3 is used to adjust the size of the encircling angle; the first driving mechanism 4 is used to pull and control the movement of the multifilament 6; the base frame 5 is fixed on the spinning frame.

[0090] The yarn spreading method of the present application uses the dot-shaped protrusion structure etched on the surface of the gradient yarn spreading roller 21 to control the collision and angle gradient slip of the single yarn and its rotation speed, so that the multifilament 6 is separated and spread out step by step; the maximum encirclement angle is the contact surface between the multifilament 6 and the gradient yarn spreading roller 21 through the limiter I 31 and the contact surface between the limiter II 32 and the gradient yarn spreading roller 21; the gradient angle and the dot-shaped protrusions cause the multifilament 6 to separate and spread out step by step to achieve the maximum spreading width.

[0091] In this embodiment, the first tension mechanism 1 is composed of a threaded tension rod 11 mounted on the base frame 5 and a pressure nut 12, a tension spring 13, and a tension disk 14 for providing controllable tension to the multifilament 6. The tension is controlled by rotating the pressure nut 12 inwardly or outwardly on the threaded tension rod 11 to apply pressure to the tension spring 13 on the tension disk 14, thereby increasing or decreasing the contact surface with the feeding multifilament 6. The surrounding angle tension F ranges from 3 to 20 cN.

[0092] The first limiting mechanism 3 is composed of a limiter I 31 and a limiter II 32; the limiter I 31 includes a limiter I nut 311 and a coaxially fixed limiter I limit rod 312, and the surface of the coaxially fixed limiter I limit rod is engraved with a 1mm limit groove corresponding to the center line position of the gradient wire spreading roller 21; the limiter II 32 includes a limiter II nut and a coaxially fixed limiter II limit rod; the limiter I 31 and the limiter II 32 are installed on the base frame 5 and can be adjusted in displacement, and the maximum limit is achieved by left and right displacement; the displacement control range is 3 to 60 mm.

[0093] The first yarn spreading mechanism 2 comprises a gradient yarn spreading roller 21 mounted on a base frame 5, a gradient yarn spreading fixing rod 22, and a speed reducer 23 for providing controllable friction to the gradient yarn spreading roller 21. The surface of the gradient yarn spreading roller 21 is photoetched with symmetrical fine dot structures and herringbone stripes at a certain angle, which can quickly separate the multifilaments 6. The center line to the edge of the gradient yarn spreading roller 21 presents a descending gradient angle of 1° to 10°.

[0094] By moving the stopper I 31 and the stopper II 32 leftward and rightward, the enveloping angle α between the multifilament 6 and the gradient spreading roller 21 is adjusted to achieve control of the spreading time, effect and spreading width of the multifilament 6; the stopper I 31 and the stopper II 32 achieve a maximum enveloping angle with the gradient spreading roller 21 having surface dot-shaped protrusions and an angle gradient, and the value range of the enveloping angle α is 60° to 330°;

[0095] The edge height of the gradient spreading roller 21 is consistent with the height of the center line of the gradient spreading roller 21; the edge width of the gradient spreading roller 21 is 0.5-1 mm.

[0096] The speed control of the gradient spreading roller 21 can be achieved by rotating the speed reducer 23 inward or outward with the coaxial fixed fixing nut 24, so that the friction of the speed reducer 23 on the gradient spreading roller 21 increases or decreases; the speed range of the gradient spreading roller 21 is 0r / min to 150r / min.

[0097] The first driving mechanism 4 is composed of a driving roller 41 and a pressure spring 42. The pressure spring 42 applies pressure to the driving roller 41 to cause it to engage with the upper front roller, and the silk spreading mesh is pulled and controlled by the driving roller 41; the base frame 5 is composed of a bridge piece 51, a left base frame 52, and a right base frame 53. The base frame 5 fixes the silk spreading device as a whole stably and safely on the spinning frame.

[0098] The multifilament 6 is fed by the tension mechanism 1 for adjusting the tension; the multifilament 6 is formed by the maximum enveloping angle realized by the first limiting mechanism 3 and the multifilament at the center line is separated and dispersed by the spreading angle and the dot-shaped groove on the surface of the gradient spreading roller 21 in a binary tree model, and the multifilament is spread to the maximum spread width; finally, the spreading mesh is pulled and controlled by the first driving mechanism 4 to feed the front roller jaw 7 from the rear side and is combined with the short fiber strands 8 to form a mesh covering and wrapping the strands to form a sheath-core composite structure yarn of the spread multifilament and the short fiber strands.

[0099] The present application also provides a method for using a surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading, and the method for using the surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading includes:

[0100] Obtaining basic multifilament information of the multifilament material to be stretched;

[0101] The surrounding angle in the controllable surface limiting gradient spreading device for multifilament spreading as described above is adjusted according to the basic information of the multifilament, so that the maximum single-filament separation rate can be obtained when the multifilament material to be spread is spread.

[0102] In this embodiment, the value of the enclosing angle is adjusted by the following formula:

[0103]

[0104] in,

[0105] S is the expected single-filament separation rate, α is the surrounding angle, n is the rotation speed of the gradient yarn spreading roller, N is the number of fine point structures, ρ is the density of the point-like protrusion structure, k1, k2, k3, and k4 are proportional coefficients determined by experiments, among which k1 represents the nonlinear influence of the surrounding angle on the single-filament separation rate, k2 represents the logarithmic influence of the rotation speed on the single-filament separation rate, k3 represents the square root influence of the number of fine point structures on the single-filament separation rate, and k4 represents the square influence of the density of fine point structures on the single-filament separation rate.

[0106] In this embodiment, k1, k2, k3, and k4 can be obtained by experimental methods, for example:

[0107] Take the acquisition method of k1 as an example:

[0108] Experimental design: Using the device of the present application, the value of the encirclement angle is changed respectively, while keeping other parameters (such as rotation speed, number and density of point structures) unchanged, the single-filament separation rate under different encirclement angles is measured (the test method of the single-filament separation rate is existing technology and will not be repeated here), and the data is recorded.

[0109] The coefficient k1 was determined by nonlinear regression analysis.

[0110] The present application also provides a method for using the above-mentioned surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading, which is used for spinning composite structures of natural fibers and recycled fibers.

[0111] The following further illustrates the determination of the enclosing angle value of the present application by way of examples. It should be understood that this example does not constitute any limitation to the present application.

[0112] Known conditions:

[0113] S expects a single-filament separation rate of 85%; n (speed of the gradient spreading roller) is 1200 rpm; N (number of fine dot structures) is 500; ρ (density of fine dot structures) is 2.5 / cm 2 ; Proportional coefficients k1 = 0.002, k2 = 0.5, k3 = 1.2, k4 = 0.3, k5 = 0.001 (these coefficients are determined by experiments and are assumed to be known here).

[0114] Substituting the known values into the formula, we get:

[0115] 85=0.002·(α-60)2+0.5·ln(1200+1)+1.2·500+0.3·2.52+0.001·(α-60)·ln(1200+1);

[0116] After simplification:

[0117] 85=0.002·(α-60)2+0.5·ln(1201)+1.2·22.36+0.3·6.25+0.001·(α-60)·ln(1201);

[0118] Further calculation of various values:

[0119] 0.5·ln(1201)≈0.5·7.08=3.54;

[0120] 1.2·22.36≈26.83;

[0121] 0.3·6.25=1.875;

[0122] ln(1201)≈7.08;

[0123] Substituting into the formula:

[0124] 85=0.002·(α-60)2+3.54+26.83+1.875+0.001·(α-60)·7.08;

[0125] 85=0.002·(α-60)2+32.245+0.00708·(α-60);

[0126] The Newton-Raphson method is used to solve the nonlinear equations mentioned above, and finally the enclosing angle α = 150° is obtained. The solution process is a known technique and will not be described in detail here.

[0127] By using the surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament unfolding of the present application, when actually using the device of the present application, the angle of the encirclement angle that needs to be adjusted can be obtained according to the expected single-filament separation rate required, and then the adjustment of the encirclement angle can be achieved through the angle of the encirclement angle obtained by the above formula.

[0128] The formula of this application fully considers the complex relationship between various parameters. By introducing nonlinear terms and interaction terms, the formula can more finely describe the influence of factors such as the enveloping angle, rotation speed, number and density of point structures on the single-filament separation rate.

[0129] See also Figure 3 The net-wrapped composite structure yarn refers to a two-layer composite structure yarn with staple fiber strands in the core and the silk screen wrapping the staple fiber strands, such as Figure 3 As shown;

[0130] The following specific examples 1 and 2 are examples of spinning methods for composite structures using the tow spread feeding method of the present invention, using different fibers and their linear densities, i.e., different multifilament yarns, different wrap angles, different spread roller speeds, different fiber composite ratios, and different composite spinning process parameters, i.e., multifilament yarn tension, spindle speed, front roller speed, spinning twist, and composite angle. The spinning methods were used to produce smooth composite structure yarns.

[0131] The hairiness of the composite yarn was measured using the YG172A yarn hairiness test. The hairiness index (F) of the smooth composite structure yarn obtained is the cumulative number of hairs extending beyond a certain set length on a single side of the yarn per unit length (pieces / m). F = A + Be -Cl , l is the set extension length of the hairiness (mm), A, B, and C are test constants; breaking strength (P), taking into account the different fiber thicknesses, is an indicator of the fiber's ability to resist external force damage, and the unit is (cN / tex); breaking elongation ε=(L-L0) / L0=ΔL / L0, where L0 is the original length, L is the sample length at tensile fracture, ΔL is the absolute elongation value, and the breaking elongation indicates the magnitude of the material's ability to stretch and deform when it breaks. Specific embodiment 1

[0133] The surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading of the present invention is used to spread the polyester multifilament through a tensioner and the above-mentioned path, and the speed and encirclement angle of the yarn spreading roller. After being wrapped with a cotton fiber web, the yarn is spun in a composite structure at the front roller jaws to form a smooth two-axis composite yarn. The specific process parameters and quality indicators are shown in Table 1 below. Specific embodiment 2

[0135] The surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading of the present invention is used to spread the aramid multifilament through a tensioner and the above-mentioned path, in coordination with the speed and encirclement angle of the yarn spreading roller. After being wrapped with a cotton fiber web, the yarn is spun in a composite structure at the front roller jaws to form a smooth two-axis composite yarn. The specific process parameters and quality indicators are shown in Table 1 below.

[0136] Table 1 Process parameters and measured quality indicators of the surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device and method for spinning multifilaments with controllable spreading

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading, characterized in that: The surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading comprises: Base frame (5); A first tension mechanism (1), the first tension mechanism (1) being arranged on the base frame (5) and being used for adjusting the tension of the multifilament entering the first tension mechanism; a first yarn spreading mechanism (2), the first yarn spreading mechanism (2) being arranged on the base frame (5), and the first yarn spreading mechanism being used for performing a yarn spreading operation on the multifilament located on the first yarn spreading mechanism; A first limiting mechanism (3), the first limiting mechanism (3) is arranged on the base frame (5), and the first limiting mechanism (3) is used to adjust the surrounding angle between the multifilament and the first yarn spreading mechanism (2).

2. The surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first tension mechanism comprises a threaded tension rod (11), a nut, a pressure nut (12), a tension spring (13), and a tension disk (14); wherein, The base frame is provided with a tension mechanism mounting hole; One end of the threaded tension rod (11) is passed through the tension mechanism mounting hole; A nut is arranged at one end of the threaded tension rod (11), and the end is located on one side of the tension mechanism mounting hole; The tension disk (14) is mounted on the threaded tension rod (11) and is arranged on the other side of the tension mechanism mounting hole; A pressure nut (12) is mounted on the threaded tension rod (11) and is located on the same side of the tension mechanism mounting hole as the tension disk (14); A tension spring (13) is arranged on the threaded tension rod (11) and between the tension disk (14) and the pressure nut (12).

3. The surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first wire spreading mechanism comprises a gradient wire spreading roller (21), a gradient wire spreading fixing rod (22), and a speed reducer (23); wherein, A gradient filament fixing rod (22) is mounted on the base frame; The gradient wire spreading roller (21) is mounted on the gradient wire spreading fixed rod (22) and is rotatable relative to the gradient wire spreading fixed rod (22); The speed reducer (23) is mounted on the gradient wire spreading fixed rod (22) and is used to adjust the rotation speed of the gradient wire spreading roller (21).

4. The surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base frame is provided with a limiter I strip-shaped mounting hole and a limiter II strip-shaped mounting hole; the first limiting mechanism includes a limiter I (31) and a limiter II (32); The stopper I is arranged on the bar-shaped mounting hole of the stopper I and can adjust its position in the bar-shaped mounting hole of the stopper I; The stopper II is arranged on the bar-shaped mounting hole of the stopper II and can adjust its position in the bar-shaped mounting hole of the stopper II.

5. The surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stopper I (31) comprises: A limiter I limit rod, the limiter I limit rod comprises a limit portion and a threaded portion, the limit portion is provided with a limit groove, and the limit groove is used to limit the multifilament; The limiter I nut is used to cooperate with the threaded portion of the limiter I limit rod passing through the limiter I bar-shaped mounting hole to fix the relative position of the limiter I limit rod and the limiter I bar-shaped mounting hole.

6. The surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stopper II (32) comprises: A limiter II limit rod, the limiter II limit rod comprising a limit portion and a threaded portion; The limiter II nut is used to cooperate with the threaded portion of the limiter II limit rod passing through the limiter II bar-shaped mounting hole to fix the relative position of the limiter II limit rod and the limiter II bar-shaped mounting hole.

7. The surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism (4) includes a driving roller (41), a connecting shaft, a bearing, and a pressure spring (42); wherein, The connecting shaft is connected to the base frame; The inner ring of the bearing is connected to the connecting shaft; The inner ring of the driving roller (41) is connected to the outer ring of the bearing; One end of the pressure spring is connected to the connecting shaft, and the other end is installed on the base frame.

8. A method for using a surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading, characterized in that: The method for using the surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading includes: Obtaining basic multifilament information of the multifilament material to be stretched; Obtain expected single-filament separation rate; According to the basic information of the multifilament and the expected single-filament separation rate, the enclosing angle in the controllable surface-limiting gradient spreading device for multifilament spreading as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is adjusted so that the expected single-filament separation rate can be obtained when the multifilament material to be spread is spread.

9. The method for using the surface-limited gradient yarn spreading device with controllable multifilament spreading according to claim 8, characterized in that: The value of the enclosing angle is adjusted by the following formula: in, S is the expected single-filament separation rate, α is the wrapping angle, n is the rotation speed of the gradient yarn spreading roller, N is the number of fine point structures, ρ is the density of the point-like protrusion structure, and k1, k2, k3, and k4 are proportional coefficients determined through experiments.

10. The use of the method for using the multifilament spreading controllable surface limiting gradient yarn spreading device according to claim 9, characterized in that: Used for spinning composite structures of natural fibers and recycled fibers.

Images