Water diversion structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, in particular to a water diversion structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering, which comprises a water diversion unit, a volute water tank, a water suction pump arranged at the water inlet end of the volute water tank, a water outlet valve arranged at the water outlet end of the volute water tank, a filtering unit and a filtering assembly arranged in the volute water tank, when the filter plate is blocked to cause front and back water pressure unbalance and the water pressure and water level in a volute water tank area suddenly rise, the floating ball rises along with the water pressure, so that the trigger assembly is linked with the alarm control assembly, a water suction pump power supply is automatically cut off, equipment overload or pipeline pressure abnormity is prevented, meanwhile, an audible and visual alarm is triggered to prompt maintenance, and a complex electric control system is not needed. Manual intervention can be reduced, the operation and maintenance cost and the operation difficulty are reduced, and the method is particularly suitable for water diversion operation of high-sand-content rivers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and in particular to a water diversion structure used in water conservancy and hydropower projects. Background Art

[0002] In the water diversion systems of water conservancy and hydropower projects, fixed filters are currently commonly used to filter sediment in the water flow. For example, traditional water diversion structures use metal filter plates to intercept impurities in the water. However, after long-term operation, sediment easily clogs the filter holes, resulting in increased water flow resistance and reduced water diversion efficiency. If not cleaned in time, it may cause water pressure imbalance before and after the filter. The water pressure and water level in the water diversion pipeline or water diversion tank area near the water inlet of the filter will rise rapidly, causing idling overload of the pumping equipment, abnormal pipeline pressure, and bursting, which are safety hazards. For example, during the flood season of rivers or in environments with high sediment content, the clogging problem of traditional filters is particularly prominent, which will also affect the actual efficiency of water diversion operations. In view of this, we propose a water diversion structure for water conservancy and hydropower projects. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a water diversion structure for water conservancy and hydropower projects, which can effectively solve the problem that in the water diversion system of the prior art water conservancy and hydropower projects, if the filter is not cleaned in time, the water pressure and water level near the water inlet end of the filter will increase, leading to safety hazards such as overload of pumping equipment and burst of pipelines.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a water diversion structure for water conservancy and hydropower projects, comprising a water diversion unit, a vortex water tank, a water pump arranged at the water inlet end of the vortex water tank, and a water outlet valve arranged at the water outlet end of the vortex water tank; The filter unit includes a filter assembly disposed inside the vortex water tank and a fixing assembly for mounting and positioning the filter assembly; In addition, the control unit includes a silo assembly arranged on the vortex water tank, an alarm control assembly arranged on the silo assembly, and a trigger assembly arranged on the silo assembly. When the water flow rate of the filter assembly decreases, the alarm control assembly is triggered to sound and light alarm and control the water pump to stop.

[0005] Furthermore, the bin assembly includes a floating water level bin arranged on the side of the filter assembly close to the water inlet end of the vortex water tank and fixedly connected to the top of the vortex water tank, and a cover plate on the top of the floating water level bin.

[0006] Furthermore, the alarm control component includes an audible and visual alarm fixedly connected to the top of the cover plate, an output end of the audible and visual alarm is electrically connected to an alarm pressure switch, and the alarm pressure switch is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cover plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the alarm control component also includes a water pump switch fixedly connected to one side of the floating water level tank, the output end of the water pump switch is electrically connected to the input end of the water pump, the water pump switch is fixedly connected to the switch push rod through the internal conductive contact, the end of the switch push rod away from the conductive contact is rotatably connected to the telescopic rod, and the end of the telescopic rod away from the switch push rod is fixedly connected to the gear by rotating through the connecting shaft of the floating water level tank.

[0008] Furthermore, the trigger component includes a limit frame fixedly connected to the inner wall of the floating water level tank, a three-pronged top rod is arranged inside the limit frame, and the three-pronged top rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limit frame through a limit strip on the surface, and a float ball is fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-pronged top rod and is sleeved on the inner wall of the floating water level tank.

[0009] Furthermore, a rubber pad for pressing the alarm pressure switch is fixedly connected to the top of the three-pronged top rod, and magnetic plates fixedly connected to the top of the three-pronged top rod are provided on both sides of the rubber pad. An electromagnetic block fixedly connected to the bottom of the cover plate is correspondingly provided above the magnetic plates, and a rack that meshes with the gear for transmission is also fixedly connected to one side of the three-pronged top rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixing component includes a strip-shaped slot opened on the inner wall of the vortex water tank and a rectangular slot opened on one side of the vortex water tank.

[0011] Furthermore, the filter assembly includes a T-shaped frame that is clamped in the strip slot, a fixing hole is opened on one side of the T-shaped frame, the T-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rectangular slot through bolts inside the fixing hole, and a metal filter plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped frame.

[0012] Furthermore, a power generation assembly is provided inside the vortex water tank, including a conical guide scoop fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vortex water tank, turbine blades coaxially arranged with the conical guide scoop, and a generator fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vortex water tank. The inner wall of the turbine blade is fixedly connected to a fixed shaft, the bottom of the fixed shaft is connected to the rotor input end inside the generator, and the top of the fixed shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the vortex water tank.

[0013] Furthermore, a flap rotatably connected to the inner wall of the vortex water tank is provided on the side of the filter assembly away from the water inlet end of the vortex water tank, and the flap is flipped upward by the impact of the water flow when the water flow rate of the filter assembly is normal.

[0014] Compared with the known public technologies, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention intercepts sediment in the water flow through a metal filter plate. When the filter plate is severely clogged, resulting in a decrease in water flow, as the water pump continues to pump water, the water level pressure near the water inlet end of the filter component continues to rise until the water enters the floating water level tank. As the water level in the floating water level tank continues to rise, the float will trigger an alarm as the water level continues to rise, thereby avoiding normal pumping of the water pump. At the moment of water inlet, the water pressure fluctuation causes the alarm control component to be accidentally touched, and the trigger component and the alarm control component are linked to automatically cut off the power supply of the water pump, thereby preventing equipment overload or abnormal pipeline pressure due to continuous pumping, and synchronously triggering an audible and visual alarm to prompt staff to perform maintenance in real time, avoiding safety hazards and ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the water diversion system. The trigger component and the alarm control component realize automatic shutdown and alarm in case of faults, without the need for a complex electronic control system, reducing the frequency of manual intervention, and reducing operation and maintenance costs and operational difficulty. It is particularly suitable for water diversion operations in river environments with high sand content. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention from a first perspective; Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vortex water tank and the float displacement chamber of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the alarm control component of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the trigger component structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly structure of the fixing component and the filtering component of the present invention.

[0017] The reference numerals in the figure represent: 100, water diversion unit; 101, vortex water tank; 102, water pump; 103, water outlet valve; 104. Power generation assembly; 1041. Conical guide scoop; 1042. Fixed shaft; 1043. Turbine blades; 1044. Generator; 105. Flip board; 200, control unit; 201, silo assembly; 2011, floating water level silo; 2012, cover plate; 202, alarm control assembly; 2021, sound and light alarm; 2022, alarm pressure switch; 2023, water pump switch; 2024, connecting shaft; 2025, telescopic rod; 2026, gear; 2027, switch push rod; 203, trigger assembly; 2031, limit frame; 2032, three-pronged push rod; 20321, limit bar; 2033, float; 2034, magnetic sheet; 2035, rubber pad; 2036, electromagnetic block; 2037, rack; 300, filter unit; 301, filter assembly; 3011, T-shaped frame; 3012, metal filter plate; 3013, fixing hole; 3014, bolt; 302, fixing component; 3021, bar-shaped slot; 3022, rectangular slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0020] A water diversion structure for a water conservancy and hydropower project includes a water diversion unit 100, including a vortex water tank 101, a water pump 102 provided at the water inlet end of the vortex water tank 101, and a water outlet valve 103 provided at the water outlet end of the vortex water tank 101; a filter unit 300, including a filter assembly 301 provided inside the vortex water tank 101, and a fixing assembly 302 for mounting and positioning the filter assembly 301; and a control unit 200, including a bin assembly 201 provided on the vortex water tank 101, an alarm control assembly 202 provided on the bin assembly 201, and a trigger assembly 203 provided on the bin assembly 201. When the water flow rate of the filter assembly 301 decreases, the alarm control assembly 202 is triggered to sound and light alarms and control the water pump 102 to stop. It should be noted that, through the water inlet end of the water pump 102, an external water pipe can be connected for water pumping and diversion. By starting the water pump 102, water can be pumped into the vortex water tank 101 and discharged through the water outlet valve 103 at the water outlet end of the vortex water tank 101. The water outlet end of the water outlet valve 103 can be connected to an external water pipe for guiding the water to a designated location. Specifically, the tank assembly 201 includes a floating water level tank 2011 disposed on the side of the filter assembly 301 close to the water inlet end of the vortex water tank 101 and fixedly connected to the top of the vortex water tank 101, and a cover plate 2012 on the top of the floating water level tank 2011; It should be noted that, during normal operation, the water inlet of the water pump 102 and the water outlet of the filter assembly 301 maintain a dynamic balance. At this time, the water level and water pressure inside the vortex water tank 101 are stable, and the water level on the side of the filter assembly 301 near the water pump 102 in the vortex water tank 101 is lower than the floating water level tank 2011. Only when the filter assembly 301 is seriously clogged with sediment, the water flow that can pass through the filter assembly 301 is reduced. Since the water pump 102 is still working at this time, the filter assembly 301 is close to the water level tank 2011. The water level on the side of the water inlet end near the vortex water tank 101 continues to rise until the water enters the floating water level tank 2011 on the top of the vortex water tank 101. Only when the water level in the floating water level tank 2011 continues to rise to a corresponding height, the trigger component 203 can trigger the alarm control component 202 to sound and light alarm and control the water pump 102 to stop. This can effectively prevent the water pump 102 from accidentally triggering the alarm control component 202 due to water pressure fluctuations at the moment of water inflow when the water output of the filter component 301 is pumping water normally. Furthermore, a power generation assembly 104 is provided inside the vortex water tank 101, comprising a conical guide scoop 1041 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vortex water tank 101, a turbine blade 1043 coaxially arranged with the conical guide scoop 1041, and a generator 1044 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vortex water tank 101. The inner wall of the turbine blade 1043 is fixedly connected to a fixed shaft 1042, the bottom of the fixed shaft 1042 is connected to the input end of the rotor inside the generator 1044, and the top of the fixed shaft 1042 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the vortex water tank 101. A flap 105 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the vortex water tank 101 is provided on the side of the filter assembly 301 away from the water inlet end of the vortex water tank 101, and the flap 105 is flipped upward by the impact of the water flow when the water flow rate of the filter assembly 301 is normal; It should be noted that when the water pump 102 is operating normally and the filter assembly 301 is not seriously blocked, and the water flow through the filter assembly 301 is normal, the normal water flow impact force can impact the flap 105, causing the flap 105 to flip upward and open, allowing water to enter the conical guide bucket 1041. The vortex design of the vortex water tank 101 and the setting of the conical guide bucket 1041 can increase the centrifugal force of the water entering the conical guide bucket 1041, so that the water entering the conical guide bucket 1041 can form a strong vortex at the center of the conical guide bucket 1041, thereby increasing the force of the water, thereby driving the turbine blades 1043 to rotate rapidly. While the turbine blades 1043 are rotating, the internal rotor of the generator 1044 can be driven to rotate through the fixed shaft 1042, thereby realizing hydroelectric power generation, and the electrical energy can be used to power the alarm control assembly 202 and related electrical components such as the water pump 102; Specifically, the fixing assembly 302 includes a strip-shaped slot 3021 formed on the inner wall of the vortex water tank 101 and a rectangular slot 3022 formed on one side of the vortex water tank 101. The filter assembly 301 includes a T-shaped frame 3011 that is engaged with the strip-shaped slot 3021. A fixing hole 3013 is formed on one side of the T-shaped frame 3011. The T-shaped frame 3011 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rectangular slot 3022 via a bolt 3014 in the fixing hole 3013. A metal filter plate 3012 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped frame 3011. It should be noted that the T-shaped frame 3011 can be clamped and positioned by the strip-shaped clamping groove 3021 in the vortex water tank 101, and the T-shaped frame 3011 can be fixed to the rectangular groove 3022 on one side of the vortex water tank 101 by using the bolt 3014 in the fixing hole 3013 of the T-shaped frame 3011, thereby ensuring the stability of the metal filter plate 3012 on the T-shaped frame 3011 during use, and the metal filter plate 3012 can be used to filter the sediment in the water during normal drainage and water diversion operations; Specifically, the alarm control assembly 202 includes an audible and visual alarm 2021 fixedly connected to the top of the cover plate 2012, the output end of the audible and visual alarm 2021 is electrically connected to the alarm pressure switch 2022, and the alarm pressure switch 2022 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cover plate 2012. The alarm control assembly 202 also includes a water pump switch 2023 fixedly connected to one side of the floating water level tank 2011, the output end of the water pump switch 2023 is electrically connected to the input end of the water pump 102, and the water pump switch 2023 is fixedly connected to a switch push rod 2027 through an internal conductive contact. The end of the switch push rod 2027 away from the conductive contact is rotatably connected to a telescopic rod 2025, and the end of the telescopic rod 2025 away from the switch push rod 2027 is fixedly connected to a gear 2026 by rotating through a connecting shaft 2024 of the floating water level tank 2011. Furthermore, the trigger assembly 203 includes a limit frame 2031 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the floating water level tank 2011, a three-pronged mandrel 2032 is provided inside the limit frame 2031, and the three-pronged mandrel 2032 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limit frame 2031 through a limit strip 20321 on the surface, a float 2033 fixedly connected to the bottom of the floating water level tank 2011 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-pronged mandrel 2032, a rubber pad 2035 for pressing the alarm pressure switch 2022 is fixedly connected to the top of the three-pronged mandrel 2032, magnetic pieces 2034 fixedly connected to the top of the three-pronged mandrel 2032 are provided on both sides of the rubber pad 2035, an electromagnetic block 2036 fixedly connected to the bottom of the cover plate 2012 is correspondingly provided above the magnetic piece 2034, and a rack 2037 meshing with the gear 2026 is also fixedly connected to one side of the three-pronged mandrel 2032; It should be noted that, as the water pumping and diversion operation proceeds, more and more water enters the vortex water tank 101, and the sediment adhered to and accumulated on the metal filter plate 3012 may become more and more. At this time, the blockage of the filter holes of the metal filter plate 3012 will be more serious, so that the water flow through the metal filter plate 3012 will also become smaller. When the water flow is relatively small, the smaller water flow is not enough to impact the flap 105 to open. At this time, the flap 105 flips downward and resets due to its own gravity. Only a small amount of water can overflow from the flap 105 and flow to the conical guide bucket 1041. At this time, the turbine blades 1043 and other power generation components 104 can stop rotating due to the lack of sufficient water flow impact. At this time, the metal filter plate 3012 is close to the water pump 1 On the 02 side, the local water level of the vortex water tank 101 rises rapidly. After the local water level of the vortex water tank 101 rises to a certain height, water can enter the floating water level tank 2011. As the water level in the floating water level tank 2011 continues to rise, it can drive the float 2033 to rise. When the float 2033 rises to a certain height, the rack 2037 on one side of the three-pronged top rod 2032 is about to contact the gear 2026. Since the magnetic piece 2034 is provided on the three-pronged top rod 2032 and the electromagnetic block 2036 at the bottom of the cover plate 2012, magnetic adsorption is generated, causing the three-pronged top rod 2032 to rise faster at this time. When the electromagnetic block 2036 and the magnetic piece 2034 produce adsorption, the rack 2037 begins to engage with the gear 2026 for transmission, thereby bringing The movable gear 2026 rotates, and the connecting shaft 2024 connected by the gear 2026 can drive the telescopic rod 2025 at one end to rotate. The rotation of the telescopic rod 2025 can drive the switch push rod 2027 in the water pump switch 2023 to rotate, and the water pump 102 is shut down to prevent the water from not being able to pass through the metal filter plate 3012 quickly. If the water is pumped continuously, the local pressure of the vortex water tank 101 may be too high, causing the vortex water tank 101 to burst, and the water pump 102 and related components to be damaged. At the same time, after the electromagnetic block 2036 and the magnetic sheet 2034 are adsorbed, the rubber pad 2035 normally presses the alarm pressure switch 2022 above, thereby turning on the sound and light alarm 2021, and the light can flash through the sound and light alarm 2021. The whistle-type alarm can remind the staff that the metal filter plate 3012 needs to be cleaned or replaced. By unscrewing the bolts 3014 fixing the T-shaped frame 3011 and the vortex water tank 101, the T-shaped frame 3011 and the metal filter plate 3012 can be taken out through the handle of the T-shaped frame 3011. Since the water pump 102 has been shut down at this time, and the distance from the metal filter plate 3012 to the water inlet end of the vortex water tank 101 is not long, there is not much water in the vortex water tank 101 at this time. When the metal filter plate 3012 is taken out, the water in this section can be allowed to flow out. The rubber pad 2035 on the three-pronged top rod 2032 is made of rubber. When the electromagnetic block 2036 and the magnetic sheet 2034 are adsorbed, the alarm pressure switch 2022 is quickly pressed.It has a certain buffering elasticity, which can prevent excessive impact on the alarm pressure switch 2022 and damage to the internal components of the switch. The alarm pressure switch 2022 adopts an elastic material, such as a silicone rubber buffer structure, and a high-strength shell, such as stainless steel. The internal pressure transmission rod is connected to the elastic contact or piezoresistive sensor. When pressure is applied, the contact is triggered to open and close or the sensor signal changes, turning on the sound and light alarm 2021. A sealing ring, such as a fluororubber O-ring, is provided between the shell and the transmission component to ensure sealing and waterproofness. The float 2033 is sheathed with the inner wall of the floating water level tank 2011, which can prevent water from overflowing above the float 2033 and affecting the movement of related components such as the trigger component 203 above the float 2033; After the metal filter plate 3012 is cleaned and replaced, it can be inserted into the bar slot 3021 and the rectangular slot 3022 through the T-shaped frame 3011 and fixed with the bolts 3014 to complete the installation of the metal filter plate 3012. After the installation is completed, the staff can use the external control of the switch of the electromagnetic block 2036 to cut off the power of the electromagnetic block 2036, thereby releasing the adsorption of the magnetic sheet 2034. At this time, due to the gravity of the three-pronged top rod 2032 on the float 2033 and the related components on the float 2033, the float 2033 and the related components can fall and reset. While falling, the gear 2037 can be driven by the rack 2037 to move. 26 slowly rotates in the opposite direction, thereby pushing the switch push rod 2027 in the opposite direction, using the water pump switch 2023 to open the water pump 102, and re-starting water diversion and pumping. When the rubber pad 2035 moves down with the three-pronged top rod 2032, the alarm pressure switch 2022 is not squeezed, and the sound and light alarm 2021 can be turned off. When the normal water diversion operation is restored, the rack 2037 and the gear 2023 are completely disengaged and out of contact. The distance between the magnetic piece 2034 and the electromagnetic block 2036 at this time exceeds the distance that can generate magnetic attraction between the two. At this time, the staff can re-energize the electromagnetic block 2036 through the external switch for use in subsequent operations.

[0021] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: after the water pump 102 is powered on, water is pumped through the external water pipe at the water inlet end, and the water flows into the interior through the water inlet end of the vortex water tank 101. Since the water pump 102 has a large power, the water flow generates a strong impact force, pushing the flap 105. The flap 105 is made of polypropylene with a density of 0.9-0.91g / cm³ and a thickness of 3-5mm. Its dead weight is matched with the water flow impact force threshold through mechanical calculation to ensure that it is opened only when the filter component 301 is flowing normally and can be reliably reset when blocked. When the flap 105 is normally flipped upward and opened, the water flow must first pass through the metal filter plate 3012, and the sediment in the water is intercepted by the filter plate. The filtered water flows through the flap 105 into the conical guide bucket 1041 and is finally discharged to the designated water diversion position by the water outlet valve 103; After the water flows into the conical guide bucket 1041, the volute-shaped design of the vortex water tank 101 and the diversion effect of the conical guide bucket 1041 form a high-speed rotating vortex, driving the turbine blades 1043 to rotate at high speed around the fixed shaft 1042. The bottom of the fixed shaft 1042 is rigidly connected to the rotor of the generator 1044. The stator of the generator 1044 is fixed inside the generator 1044. The rotor is coaxially connected to the turbine blades 1043 through the fixed shaft 1042. When the turbine blades 1043 rotate, the permanent magnets on the rotor cut the stator windings, generating an induced current. The electric energy output by the generator 1044 is directly used to power the sound and light alarm 2021 through the wires. At the same time, the electric energy can be stored in the built-in battery or connected to the external power grid to provide part of the working power for the water pump 102. In combination with the external circuit system, the energy conversion and recycling of "hydraulic kinetic energy into mechanical energy and then to electrical energy" is realized. When the metal filter plate 3012 is severely clogged due to sediment accumulation, the water flow rate is greatly reduced and is insufficient to keep the flap 105 open. The flap 105 resets to a horizontal position, and only a small amount of water overflows from the edge. The vortex in the conical guide scoop 1041 disappears, the turbine blades 1043 stop rotating, and the power generation function stops simultaneously. In the vortex water tank 101, the water pressure level on the side of the filter assembly 301 close to the water pump 102 continues to rise due to water stagnation, allowing water to enter the floating water level tank 2011 above the vortex water tank 101. The water level in the floating water level tank 2011 continues to rise as the water pump 103 continues to pump water, thereby driving the float 2033 to rise. The float 2033 is sleeved on the inner wall of the floating water level tank 2011 to prevent water from overflowing. Through the limiting and guiding effect of the limiting strip 20321 and the limiting frame 2031, the three-pronged top rod 2032 can be vertically raised along the limiting frame 2031. The float 2033 drives the top rubber pad 2035 and the magnetic sheet 2034 to move upward synchronously through the three-pronged top rod 2032. When the magnetic sheet 2034 rises close to the electromagnetic block 2036 and is normally energized to generate a constant magnetic field, the magnetic attraction accelerates the upward movement of the tripod push rod 2032. At this time, the rack 2037 on one side of the tripod push rod 2032 engages with the gear 2026, driving the connecting shaft 2024 on the gear 2026 to rotate, and the switch push rod 2027 is pushed to rotate through the shaft end telescopic rod 2025; When the switch push rod 2027 rotates, it drives the internal moving contact of the water pump switch 2023 to move and separate from the static contact, cutting off the power supply circuit of the water pump 102 and shutting it down, thus preventing the vortex water tank 101 from being overloaded due to continuous pumping. The rubber pad 2035 is made of rubber and has a cushioning effect. It rises to press the alarm pressure switch 2022. The alarm pressure switch 2022 has an elastic silicone rubber structure inside. When pressurized, the contacts close, connecting the circuit of the sound and light alarm 2021, causing it to flash and sound an alarm, prompting the staff to clean or replace the metal filter plate 3012. After the staff has finished cleaning or replacing the metal filter plate 3012, they disconnect the power supply of the electromagnetic block 2036 through the external control switch, the magnetic force disappears, and the components such as the tripod top rod 2032 and the float 2033 fall back to their original position due to their own weight. During the falling process, the rack 2037 drives the gear 2026 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the switch push rod 2027 is pushed to reset through the telescopic rod 2025, so that the moving contact piece and the static contact piece of the water pump switch 2023 are reclosed, and the water pump 102 is powered on again. The rubber pad 2035 is separated from the alarm pressure switch 2022, the elastic structure inside the switch is reset, the contacts are disconnected, the sound and light alarm 2021 stops working, the staff reconnects the power supply of the electromagnetic block 2036, and the system returns to the initial standby state, ready for the next operation; The unidirectional conductivity of the flap 105 will only open when the impact force of the water flow is greater than its own gravity, ensuring that the filtered water flow enters the conical diversion bucket 1041 first. When the metal filter plate 3012 is seriously clogged, it will automatically close to block the water flow, so that the water level of the floating water level tank 2011 can rise rapidly, triggering the shutdown logic. The guide seal of the limit frame 2031 and the float 2033, the limit frame 2031 and the limit bar 20321 ensure that the float 2033 rises and falls vertically, and the socket design of the float 2033 and the inner wall of the floating water level tank 2011 prevents water from seeping into the upper mechanical structure and affecting the linkage accuracy. Especially in river flood season or high-sand water flow environment, the water diversion structure can continuously filter the diverted water, and ensure water diversion efficiency and equipment safety through automatic cleaning and intelligent control.

[0022] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water diversion structure for water conservancy and hydropower projects, characterized by: include, A water diversion unit (100) comprises a vortex water tank (101), a water pump (102) provided at the water inlet end of the vortex water tank (101), and a water outlet valve (103) provided at the water outlet end of the vortex water tank (101); The filter unit (300) comprises a filter assembly (301) disposed inside the vortex-shaped water tank (101), and a fixing assembly (302) for mounting and positioning the filter assembly (301); Furthermore, the control unit (200) comprises a silo assembly (201) arranged on the vortex water tank (101), an alarm control assembly (202) arranged on the silo assembly (201), and a trigger assembly (203) arranged on the silo assembly (201). When the water flow rate of the filter assembly (301) decreases, the alarm control assembly (202) is triggered to sound and light alarm and control the water pump (102) to stop.

2. A water diversion structure for water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bin assembly (201) comprises a floating water level bin (2011) arranged on one side of the filter assembly (301) close to the water inlet end of the vortex water tank (101) and fixedly connected to the top of the vortex water tank (101), and a cover plate (2012) on the top of the floating water level bin (2011).

3. A water diversion structure for water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alarm control component (202) comprises an audible and visual alarm (2021) fixedly connected to the top of the cover plate (212); an output end of the audible and visual alarm (2021) is electrically connected to an alarm pressure switch (2022); and the alarm pressure switch (2022) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cover plate (2012).

4. A water diversion structure for water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: The alarm control component (202) further comprises a water pump switch (2023) fixedly connected to one side of the floating water level tank (211); the output end of the water pump switch (2023) is electrically connected to the input end of the water pump (102); the water pump switch (2023) is fixedly connected to a switch push rod (2027) via an internal conductive contact; the end of the switch push rod (2027) away from the conductive contact is rotatably connected to a telescopic rod (2025); the end of the telescopic rod (2025) away from the switch push rod (2027) is fixedly connected to a gear (226) via a connecting shaft (224) that rotates and passes through the floating water level tank (211).

5. A water diversion structure for water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 4, characterized in that: The trigger assembly (203) comprises a limit frame (2031) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the floating water level bin (2011); a three-pronged top rod (2032) is provided inside the limit frame (2031); the three-pronged top rod (2032) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limit frame (2031) via a limit strip (20321) on the surface; and a floating ball (2033) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-pronged top rod (2032) and is sleeved on the inner wall of the floating water level bin (2011).

6. A water diversion structure for water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rubber pad (2035) for pressing the alarm pressure switch (2022) is fixedly connected to the top of the three-pronged mandrel (2032); magnetic plates (2034) fixedly connected to the top of the three-pronged mandrel (2032) are provided on both sides of the rubber pad (2035); an electromagnetic block (2036) fixedly connected to the bottom of the cover plate (2012) is correspondingly provided above the magnetic plates (2034); and a rack (2037) meshing with the gear (2026) for transmission is also fixedly connected to one side of the three-pronged mandrel (2032).

7. A water diversion structure for water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixing assembly (302) comprises a strip-shaped slot (3021) provided on the inner wall of the vortex-shaped water tank (101), and a rectangular slot (3022) provided on one side of the vortex-shaped water tank (101).

8. A water diversion structure for water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 7, characterized in that: The filter assembly (301) comprises a T-shaped frame (3011) that is clamped to the bar-shaped clamping groove (3021); a fixing hole (3013) is provided on one side of the T-shaped frame (3011); the T-shaped frame (3011) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rectangular groove (3022) via a bolt (3014) inside the fixing hole (3013); and a metal filter plate (3012) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped frame (3011).

9. A water diversion structure for water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 8, characterized in that: A power generation assembly (104) is provided inside the vortex water tank (101), comprising a conical guide scoop (1041) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vortex water tank (101), turbine blades (1043) coaxially arranged with the conical guide scoop (1041), and a generator (1044) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vortex water tank (101). The inner wall of the turbine blades (1043) is fixedly connected to a fixed shaft (1042), the bottom of the fixed shaft (1042) is connected to the input end of the rotor inside the generator (1044), and the top of the fixed shaft (1042) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the vortex water tank (101).

10. A water diversion structure for water conservancy and hydropower projects according to claim 9, characterized in that: A flap (105) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the vortex water tank (101) is provided on one side of the filter assembly (301) away from the water inlet end of the vortex water tank (101), and the flap (105) flips upward due to the impact of the water flow when the water flow rate of the filter assembly (301) is normal.

Images