A precise landslide zoning control method based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and pressure reduction

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for precise landslide zoning control based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and decompression, which is used to control slope instability caused by groundwater, including: S1: determining the properties of the aquifer where the sliding surface of the landslide is located based on geological exploration data; S2: clarifying the type classification principles of dewatering wells and decompression wells based on the properties of the aquifer; S3: clarifying the zoning of the front, rear and middle parts of the landslide based on the geological exploration data; S4: selecting the types of dewatering wells and decompression wells and the coordination plan based on the properties of the aquifer where the sliding surface is located and the landslide zoning; S5: completing the precise landslide zoning control with the synergistic effect of dewatering and decompression.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster prevention and control, and in particular to a landslide zoning and precise control method based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and pressure reduction. Background Art

[0002] Landslides are a common type of geological disaster, posing a serious threat to human life and property. Among landslide control measures, decompression and drainage are crucial for controlling pore water pressure on the sliding surface and improving slope stability. Existing landslide control projects typically employ methods such as blind drains and intercepting drainage ditches to drain groundwater, reducing head and pore pressure. However, in actual projects, the types of groundwater within landslides vary significantly, with common types including phreatic layers, aquitards, and confined aquifers.

[0003] Existing technologies often rely on empirical drainage arrangements, failing to accurately assess and target specific treatment measures based on the aquifer type within the sliding surface. This can easily lead to drainage system failure, high pore water pressure within the sliding mass, and even secondary hazards such as sudden surges and instability. Furthermore, existing technologies lack systematic zoning and targeted treatment of landslides. The leading, middle, and trailing edges of landslides exhibit significant differences in topography, deformation characteristics, and hydrogeological conditions. However, traditional treatment methods typically employ uniform engineering measures, failing to fully leverage zoning characteristics to optimize treatment solutions, resulting in wasted resources or insufficient localized treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention addresses the aforementioned issues, aiming to provide a method for precise landslide zoning management based on the synergistic effects of dewatering and decompression. Geological surveys clarify the zoning characteristics of the landslide's front, middle, and rear edges. Based on the properties of the aquifer in which the sliding surface lies and the landslide's zoning, the collaborative arrangement of dewatering and decompression wells is innovatively introduced for the first time into landslide management. Dewatering wells are used to drain groundwater from phreatic aquifers, while decompression wells are used to release pressure from confined aquifers. Their combination enables precise control of groundwater levels in landslides.

[0005] A landslide zoning precision management method based on the synergistic effect of drainage and decompression, which is used to manage slope instability caused by groundwater, has the following characteristics, including: S1: determining the properties of the aquifer where the sliding surface of the landslide is located based on geological exploration data; S2: clarifying the type classification principles of drainage wells and decompression wells based on the properties of the aquifer; S3: clarifying the zoning of the front, rear and middle parts of the landslide based on geological exploration data; S4: selecting the types of drainage wells and decompression wells and the coordination scheme based on the properties of the aquifer where the sliding surface is located and the landslide zoning; S5: completing the precise zoning of landslides with the synergistic effect of drainage and decompression, wherein in S1, the aquifer properties include: phreatic aquifer, aquiclude and confined aquifer, in S2, the drainage well is the gravity release of the phreatic aquifer, and the decompression well is the elastic release of the confined aquifer, and in S3, based on geological exploration data, the terrain, geological structure and deformation characteristics are comprehensively judged to present a gentle slope, The front edge of the landslide is characterized by compression bulges and radial cracks; the middle edge of the landslide is characterized by shear cracks, sliding zone scratches and horizontal displacement; the rear edge of the landslide is characterized by steep slopes, tensile cracks and vertical displacement. In S4, when the sliding surface is located in a phreatic aquifer, dewatering wells are arranged at the front and rear edges of the landslide to achieve coordinated drainage of the front and rear edges of the landslide without disturbing the middle of the landslide body and maintaining the integrity of the geological structure; when the sliding surface is located in an impermeable layer, dewatering wells are arranged at the front and rear edges of the landslide, anti-surge verification is carried out at the location affected by pressurized water, and pressure relief wells are arranged to reduce pressure, and then the stability of the landslide is verified; when the sliding surface is located in a pressurized aquifer, dewatering wells and pressure relief wells are arranged at the front edge of the landslide, and a dewatering well is arranged at the rear edge of the landslide. The dewatering well is used to drain groundwater to form a stable drainage channel, and the pressure relief well is used to reduce high water level pressure to prevent sudden surge damage or softening of the sliding zone soil, and then the stability of the landslide is verified.

[0006] The method for precise landslide zoning control based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and decompression provided by the present invention may also have the following characteristics: when the sliding surface is located in a submerged aquifer, the bottom of the dewatering well is 2 to 5 meters higher than the sliding surface to prevent disturbance of the sliding zone of the landslide itself.

[0007] The method for precise landslide zoning control based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and decompression provided by the present invention may also have the following characteristics: when the sliding surface is located in the submerged aquifer, the part of the well pipe of the dewatering well located in the submerged aquifer is provided with a filter tube, and the filter tube is provided with evenly distributed filter holes with a diameter of 5 to 15 mm. The well pipe is wrapped with a permeable geotextile to prevent fine particles from clogging the holes. An anti-filter layer is provided on the periphery of the permeable geotextile to form an anti-blocking and water-conducting channel.

[0008] The method for precise landslide zoning control based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and pressure reduction provided by the present invention may also have the following features: wherein, the method for anti-surge verification is to perform anti-surge verification at the location affected by pressurized water based on the thickness of the aquiclude, the pressurized water head and the hydrogeological parameters.

[0009] The method for precise landslide zoning control based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and decompression provided by the present invention may also have the following characteristics: wherein, the method for stability verification is: determining a representative geological profile, obtaining the sliding surface inclination, sliding zone thickness, cohesion, internal friction angle, sliding body weight and water pressure distribution, and then using the limit equilibrium method or the strip method to calculate the safety factor of the sliding body.

[0010] The method for precise landslide zoning control based on the synergistic effect of drainage and decompression provided by the present invention may also have the following characteristics: when the sliding surface is located in the aquiclude, the bottom of the drainage well penetrates to 1 to 2 meters above the top of the aquiclude without penetrating the aquiclude, and the part of the well pipe of the drainage well located in the submerged aquifer is provided with a filter pipe, and the filter pipe is provided with evenly distributed filter holes with a diameter of 5 to 15 mm. The well pipe is wrapped with a permeable geotextile, and an anti-filter layer is provided on the periphery of the geotextile.

[0011] The method for precise landslide zoning control based on the synergistic effect of drainage and decompression provided by the present invention may also have the following characteristics: when the sliding surface is located in the aquiclude, the bottom of the decompression well is deep enough to 2 to 5 meters below the sliding surface, and a filter layer is provided on the periphery of the well pipe of the decompression well. The part of the filter layer located in the submerged aquifer is sealed with clay balls, and the part located below the submerged aquifer is filled with permeable filter material. The part of the well pipe of the decompression well located below the submerged aquifer is provided with a filter tube.

[0012] The method for precise landslide zoning control based on the synergistic effect of drainage and decompression provided by the present invention may also have the following characteristics: when the sliding surface is located in the pressurized aquifer, the bottom of the drainage well penetrates to 1~2m above the top of the impermeable layer without penetrating the impermeable layer, and is used to drain the shallow groundwater of the landslide. The part of the well pipe of the drainage well located in the submerged aquifer is provided with a filter pipe, and the filter pipe is provided with evenly distributed filter holes with a diameter of 5~15mm. The well pipe is wrapped with a permeable geotextile, and an anti-filter layer is provided on the periphery of the geotextile.

[0013] The method for precise landslide zoning control based on the synergistic effect of drainage and decompression provided by the present invention may also have the following characteristics: when the sliding surface is located in the pressurized aquifer, the bottom of the decompression well is deep enough to 5 to 10 meters below the sliding surface, and a filter layer is provided on the periphery of the well pipe of the decompression well. The part of the filter layer located in the submerged aquifer and the aquiclude is sealed with clay balls, and the part located under the aquiclude is filled with permeable filter material. The part of the well pipe of the decompression well located under the aquiclude is provided with a filter pipe.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] According to the method for precise landslide zoning control based on the synergistic effect of drainage and pressure reduction involved in the present invention, the zoning characteristics of the front, middle and rear edges of the landslide are clarified through geological exploration, and based on the properties of the aquifer where the sliding surface is located and the landslide zoning, the coordinated arrangement of drainage wells and pressure relief wells is innovatively introduced into landslide control for the first time. Drainage wells are used to drain groundwater from the phreatic aquifer, and pressure relief wells are used to release the pressure of the confined aquifer. The combination of the two can achieve precise control of groundwater in the landslide. The present invention fills the gap in the existing technology of precise zoning control and coordinated drainage and pressure reduction, and provides a new, efficient and economical method for landslide disaster prevention and control.

[0016] A systematic approach combining layered identification, zoned well placement, and stability verification has been proposed, overcoming the limitations of traditional landslide control methods, which often rely on a single well placement method and extensive control. The introduction of surge resistance and landslide stability verification validates control measures, enhancing the scientific nature and safety of engineering design. This method is applicable to landslide control under a variety of complex hydrogeological conditions, demonstrating broad adaptability and potential for widespread adoption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a landslide zoning and precise control method based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and pressure reduction in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections, electrical connections, or mutual communication; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they can refer to internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0019] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments and drawings specifically illustrate the landslide zoning precision control method based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and pressure reduction of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a landslide zoning and precise control method based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and pressure reduction in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, the landslide zoning precise control method based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and pressure reduction in this embodiment is used to control landslide groundwater, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0022] Step S1: Determine the properties of the aquifer where the sliding surface of the landslide is located based on geological survey data.

[0023] Based on geological exploration drilling data, geophysical data, groundwater level monitoring data, and in-situ testing results, the nature of the aquifer where the sliding surface is located is determined. Aquifer properties include: unconfined aquifer, aquitard, and confined aquifer.

[0024] Step S2: Clarify the classification principles of dewatering wells and relief wells based on the properties of the aquifer.

[0025] Dewatering wells are gravity-released water from unconfined aquifers, while relief wells are elastic-release water from confined aquifers.

[0026] Step S3: Determine the front, rear and middle sections of the landslide based on geological survey data.

[0027] Based on geological survey data, the landform, geological structure and deformation characteristics are comprehensively judged. The front edge of the landslide is characterized by a gentle slope, compression uplift and radial cracks; the middle edge of the landslide is characterized by shear cracks, sliding zone scratches and horizontal displacement; and the rear edge of the landslide is characterized by steep slopes, tension cracks and vertical displacement.

[0028] S4: Select the type of dewatering wells and relief wells and the coordination scheme based on the properties of the aquifer where the sliding surface is located and the landslide zoning.

[0029] When the sliding surface lies within a phreatic aquifer, drainage wells are deployed at the leading and trailing edges of the landslide, employing a layout approach that prioritizes well placement at the leading and trailing edges while protecting the central portion to achieve stable drainage and groundwater level control. This allows the leading and trailing edges of the landslide to coordinately drain shallow groundwater without disturbing the central portion of the landslide, maintaining the integrity of the geological structure and minimizing human influence on landslide stability.

[0030] The bottom of the drainage well is elevated 2–5 m above the sliding surface to prevent disturbance of the landslide's sliding zone. The portion of the well pipe located within the submerged aquifer is equipped with a filter tube. These filter tubes are uniformly distributed with pores of 5–15 mm in diameter, with a density determined by water discharge requirements and particle size screening. The well pipe is wrapped with a permeable geotextile to prevent fine particles from clogging the openings. A filter layer is placed around the permeable geotextile to create a blockage-preventing and water-conducting channel. The filter media used in this filter layer is sized based on water discharge requirements and pore diameter.

[0031] When the sliding surface lies within an aquiclude, drainage wells are deployed at the leading and trailing edges of the landslide to drain the accumulated water from the upper phreatic aquifer. Anti-surge calculations are performed at locations affected by confined water. If a surge risk exists, relief wells are installed at the leading edge of the landslide to mitigate the uplift of the underlying confined water on the aquiclude. The placement of relief wells must take into account the thickness of the aquiclude and hydrogeological parameters, using a groundwater model for parameter inversion analysis. The landslide is then subjected to stability calculations.

[0032] Specifically, the method for anti-surge calculation is: at the location affected by the pressurized water, anti-surge calculation is performed based on the thickness of the aquiclude, the pressurized water head and the hydrogeological parameters.

[0033] The method for stability verification is: determine the representative geological profile, obtain the sliding surface inclination, sliding zone thickness, cohesion, internal friction angle, sliding body weight and water pressure distribution, and then use the limit equilibrium method or strip method to calculate the safety factor of the sliding body to verify the rationality of the control measures.

[0034] The bottom of the drainage well reaches 1-2 meters above the top of the aquiclude, without penetrating the barrier. The portion of the well pipe located within the submerged aquifer is equipped with a filter tube. These filter tubes have evenly distributed pores with a diameter of 5-15 mm, with a density determined by water output requirements and particle size screening. The well pipe is wrapped with a permeable geotextile, surrounded by a filter layer. The filter media particle size in this filter layer is determined by water output requirements and the pore diameter.

[0035] The bottom of the relief well extends 2 to 5 meters below the sliding surface. A filter layer is set on the periphery of the relief well pipe. The part of the filter layer located in the submerged aquifer is sealed with clay balls, and the part located below the submerged aquifer is filled with permeable filter material. The part of the relief well pipe located below the submerged aquifer is equipped with a filter pipe to ensure that the hydraulic release path is unobstructed.

[0036] When the sliding surface lies within a confined aquifer, drainage wells and pressure relief wells are deployed simultaneously at the leading edge of the landslide to synergistically reduce the water level and pore pressure at the sliding surface. Drainage wells are deployed at the trailing edge of the landslide for auxiliary water control. Drainage wells are used to divert groundwater and create a stable drainage channel, while pressure relief wells are used to reduce high water pressure, preventing sudden surge damage or softening of the sliding zone soil. Stability calculations are then performed on the landslide under different combinations of operating conditions to verify the rationality of the control measures.

[0037] The bottom of the drainage well, extending 1-2 meters above the top of the aquiclude without penetrating the impermeable layer, is used to drain shallow groundwater from the landslide. The portion of the well pipe located within the submerged aquifer is equipped with a filter tube. These filter tubes have evenly distributed pores with a diameter of 5-15 mm, with a density determined by water discharge requirements and particle size screening. The well pipe is wrapped with a permeable geotextile, surrounded by a filter layer. The filter media particle size in this filter layer is determined based on water discharge requirements and pore diameter.

[0038] The bottom of the relief well reaches 5-10 meters below the sliding surface, penetrating the aquiclude and reaching the confined aquifer. A wellhead control valve is installed to ensure controllable water pressure release. A filter layer is installed around the well pipe. The filter layer between the submerged aquifer and the aquiclude is sealed with clay balls, while the portion below the aquiclude is filled with permeable filter material. A filter pipe is installed in the section of the relief well pipe below the aquiclude to ensure effective pressure relief.

[0039] Step S5: Complete precise landslide zoning management with the synergistic effects of drainage and pressure reduction.

[0040] Functions and Effects of the Embodiments

[0041] The landslide zoning precision control method based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and pressure reduction according to the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] Through geological surveys, the zoning characteristics of the landslide's front, middle, and rear edges were clearly defined. Based on the properties of the aquifer in which the sliding surface lies and the landslide's zoning, the coordinated arrangement of dewatering wells and pressure relief wells was innovatively introduced for the first time into landslide management. Dewatering wells are used to drain groundwater from the phreatic aquifer, while pressure relief wells are used to release pressure from the confined aquifer. Their combination enables precise control of groundwater levels in landslides. This invention addresses the gaps in the prior art in the precise zoning management and coordinated drainage and pressure relief, providing a new, efficient and economical approach to landslide disaster prevention and control.

[0043] A systematic approach combining layered identification, zoned well placement, and stability verification has been proposed, overcoming the limitations of traditional landslide control methods, which often rely on a single well placement method and extensive control. The introduction of surge resistance and landslide stability verification validates control measures, enhancing the scientific nature and safety of engineering design. This method is applicable to landslide control under a variety of complex hydrogeological conditions, demonstrating broad adaptability and potential for widespread adoption.

[0044] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A landslide zoning precision control method based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and decompression, used to control slope instability caused by groundwater, characterized in that: include: S1: Determine the nature of the aquifer where the sliding surface of the landslide is located based on geological survey data; S2: Clarify the classification principles of dewatering wells and relief wells based on the properties of the aquifer; S3: Determine the divisions of the front, rear and middle parts of the landslide based on geological survey data; S4: Select the type of dewatering wells and relief wells and their coordination scheme according to the nature of the aquifer where the sliding surface is located and the landslide zoning; S5: Complete the precise management of landslide zoning with the synergistic effect of drainage and pressure reduction, Wherein, in said S1, the properties of aquifer include: unconfined aquifer, aquiclude and confined aquifer, In S2, the dewatering well is for gravity release of water from the submerged aquifer, and the pressure relief well is for elastic release of water from the confined aquifer. In S3, based on geological survey data and comprehensive topography, geological structure and deformation characteristics, the landslide front is characterized by gentle slope, extrusion uplift and radial cracks; the landslide middle is characterized by shear cracks, sliding zone scratches and horizontal displacement; the landslide trailing edge is characterized by steep slopes, tensile cracks and vertical displacement. In S4, when the sliding surface is located in a phreatic aquifer, the dewatering wells are arranged at the leading and trailing edges of the landslide to enable coordinated drainage of the leading and trailing edges of the landslide without disturbing the middle of the landslide body, thereby maintaining the integrity of the geological structure; When the sliding surface is located in the aquiclude, the dewatering wells are arranged at the leading and trailing edges of the landslide, anti-surge calculations are performed at locations affected by pressurized water, pressure relief wells are arranged for pressure relief, and then stability calculations are performed on the landslide; When the sliding surface is located in a confined aquifer, the drainage well and the pressure relief well are simultaneously arranged at the leading edge of the landslide, and the drainage well is arranged at the trailing edge of the landslide. The drainage well is used to drain groundwater to form a stable drainage channel, and the pressure relief well is used to reduce high water level pressure to prevent sudden damage or softening of the sliding zone soil. Then, the stability of the landslide is verified. When the sliding surface is located at the aquiclude, the bottom of the drainage well is penetrated to 1 to 2 meters above the top of the aquiclude without penetrating the aquiclude. A filter tube is provided at the portion of the well pipe of the drainage well located at the submerged aquifer. The filter tube is provided with evenly distributed filter holes with a diameter of 5 to 15 mm. The well pipe is wrapped with a permeable geotextile, and an anti-filtration layer is provided on the periphery of the geotextile. When the sliding surface is located in the aquiclude, the bottom of the pressure relief well is extended to 2 to 5 meters below the sliding surface. A filter layer is provided on the periphery of the well pipe of the pressure relief well. The portion of the filter layer located in the submerged aquifer is sealed with clay balls, and the portion located below the submerged aquifer is filled with permeable filter material. A filter tube is provided on the portion of the well pipe of the pressure relief well located below the submerged aquifer. When the sliding surface is located in the confined aquifer, the bottom of the drainage well is penetrated to 1 to 2 meters above the top of the aquifer without penetrating the aquifer, and is used to drain shallow groundwater of the landslide. The portion of the well pipe of the drainage well located in the submerged aquifer is provided with a filter pipe, and the filter pipe is provided with evenly distributed filter holes with a diameter of 5 to 15 mm. The well pipe is wrapped with a permeable geotextile, and an anti-filtration layer is provided on the periphery of the geotextile; When the sliding surface is located in the confined aquifer, the bottom of the pressure relief well penetrates to 5 to 10 meters below the sliding surface. A filter layer is provided on the periphery of the well pipe of the pressure relief well. The part of the filter layer located in the submerged aquifer and the aquiclude is sealed with clay balls, and the part located below the aquiclude is filled with permeable filter material. The part of the well pipe of the pressure relief well located below the aquiclude is provided with a filter pipe.

2. The method for precise landslide zoning control based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and pressure reduction according to claim 1 is characterized by: in, When the sliding surface is located in the submerged aquifer, the bottom of the dewatering well is 2 to 5 meters higher than the sliding surface to prevent the sliding zone of the landslide from being disturbed.

3. The method for precise landslide control based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and pressure reduction according to claim 2 is characterized by: in, When the sliding surface is located in the submerged aquifer, a filter tube is provided on the portion of the well pipe of the dewatering well located in the submerged aquifer. The filter tube is provided with evenly distributed filter holes with a diameter of 5 to 15 mm. The well pipe is wrapped with a permeable geotextile to prevent fine particles from clogging the hole. The periphery of the permeable geotextile is provided with an inverted filter layer for forming an anti-blocking and water-conducting channel.

4. The method for precise landslide control based on synergistic effects of dewatering and pressure reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The method for anti-surge calculation is: performing anti-surge calculation at a location affected by pressurized water based on the thickness of the aquiclude, the pressurized water head, and hydrogeological parameters.

5. The method for precise landslide zoning control based on the synergistic effect of dewatering and pressure reduction according to claim 1 is characterized by: in, The method for stability verification is: determining a representative geological profile, obtaining the sliding surface inclination, sliding zone thickness, cohesion, internal friction angle, sliding body weight and water pressure distribution, and then using the limit equilibrium method or the strip method to calculate the safety factor of the sliding body.

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