System and method capable of realizing wellhead wireless data transmission

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and a method capable of realizing wellhead wireless data transmission. The system comprises a wireless transceiver module, a magnetic sensor, a data acquisition module and a master control system, the wireless transceiver module is integrally mounted outside the side wall of the wellhead blowout prevention pipe, and is used for receiving plunger storage data through the wireless signal receiver and outputting the received plunger data to the data acquisition module through the wireless signal transmitter; the magnetic sensor is fixed below the wireless transceiver module on the outer surface of the blowout prevention pipe and is used for detecting the position of the plunger in real time and feeding back a detection signal to the data acquisition module; the data acquisition module is used for receiving data acquired by the magnetic sensor and data acquired by the wireless signal transmitter, and sending the data to the main control system; the main control system is used for judging whether the plunger reaches the position where data wireless transmission can be achieved or not according to feedback signals of the magnetic sensor, and if yes, the data output by the plunger is received through the data acquisition module and stored. According to the invention, the plunger data acquisition operation efficiency can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of natural gas mining equipment and relates to a system and method for realizing wireless data transmission at a wellhead. Background Art

[0002] During natural gas production, especially in the middle and late stages of gas well development, bottomhole liquid accumulation can seriously impact production efficiency and economic returns. Drainage gas production is a common method for addressing this problem, and the plunger is the foundation of this technology. Once deployed, the plunger monitors and stores downhole dynamic data, providing a basis for subsequent analysis and resolution of the problem.

[0003] After the plunger is lowered into the well and the inspection task is completed, it needs to be salvaged to the surface to copy the collected data. During this process, the production valve is first opened to reduce the wellhead pressure. At this time, the bottomhole pressure gradually exceeds the wellhead pressure, and the plunger rises to the wellhead due to the pressure difference. To prevent the plunger from falling and prevent a blowout, the wellhead leak valve needs to be closed. Then, the pressure from the wellhead to the blowout preventer needs to be released through the pressure relief valve. The blowout preventer is then replaced with a canister. After the replacement is complete, the plunger is salvaged from the wellhead to the surface, and the stored data is copied from the plunger to the data analysis system for post-processing and solution. Because the pressure in the gas well can reach 30Mpa, in order to ensure safe operation, the plunger salvage and data collection process involves a large number of equipment replacements, leak prevention and pressure relief operations, and requires a large amount of manual participation and extremely strict operating procedures. This increases safety risks and seriously affects the efficiency of gas production operations. Therefore, how to avoid removing the plunger from the wellhead and realize wireless data transmission between the plunger at the wellhead and the external data analysis system is of great significance to improving the efficiency of drainage and gas production operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a system and method for realizing wireless data transmission at a wellhead.

[0005] One of the above-mentioned purposes of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A system capable of realizing wireless data transmission at a wellhead, comprising a wireless transceiver module, a magnetic sensor, a data acquisition module and a main control system;

[0007] The wireless transceiver module is integrally mounted on the side wall of the wellhead lubricant preventer and includes a wireless signal receiver and a wireless signal transmitter, and is used to receive plunger storage data through the wireless signal receiver and output the received plunger data to the data acquisition module through the wireless signal transmitter;

[0008] The magnetic sensor is fixed to the outer surface of the lubricator and is arranged below the installation position of the wireless transceiver module. It is used to detect the position of the plunger in real time and feed back the detection signal to the data acquisition module;

[0009] The data acquisition module is connected to the wireless signal transmitter, the magnetic sensor and the main control system, and is used to receive data collected by the magnetic sensor and the wireless signal transmitter, and send the data to the main control system;

[0010] The main control system is used to determine whether the plunger has reached a position where wireless data transmission can be achieved based on the feedback signal of the magnetic sensor. When the plunger reaches a position where wireless data transmission can be achieved, the data output by the plunger is received and stored through the data acquisition module.

[0011] Moreover, the wireless transceiver module further comprises an outer cap, a first insulating sleeve, an extension rod, a second insulating sleeve, an outer tube, a limiting pin, a large sealing ring and a small sealing ring;

[0012] The surface of the outer tube is provided with an external thread section, and a sealing ring installation groove is provided on the outside of the external thread section; the outer cap is a cylindrical structure, and its inner hole adopts a three-step stepped hole with successively decreasing diameters, which is composed of a large diameter hole section, a medium diameter hole section and a small diameter hole section; the aperture of the large diameter hole section is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer tube, and an internal thread and a radial threaded hole are provided on the large diameter hole section; the first insulating sleeve is a stepped sleeve, and the second insulating sleeve adopts a flange sleeve; the extension rod is composed of a main rod body part and an inner connector part; the sleeve part of the second insulating sleeve is plug-fitted with the inner hole of the outer tube; the outer cap sleeve is arranged on the outside of the outer tube, and a plurality of large sealing rings are installed between the two; the internal thread on the large diameter hole section of the outer cap is connected to the external thread on the outer sleeve The outer cap is connected with the outer tube by means of a threaded connection, and a limiting screw is installed in the radial threaded hole on the outer cap so that the flange part of the second insulating sleeve is pressed and contacted with the outer end of the outer tube; the first insulating sleeve is positioned and installed in the medium diameter hole section and the small diameter hole section of the outer cap, and a plurality of small sealing rings are installed between the two. The main rod body part of the extension rod is positioned and matched with the inner hole of the first insulating sleeve, and a plurality of small sealing rings are installed between the two. The inner connector part of the extension rod extends into the inner hole of the sleeve of the second insulating sleeve; the wireless signal receiver is arranged in the inner hole of the second insulating sleeve and the outer tube with the receiving end facing the direction of the lubricator, and is connected to the inner connector of the extension rod by means of a threaded connection; the wireless signal transmitter is connected to the end of the extension rod away from the inner connector by means of a threaded connection.

[0013] The second object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0014] A method for realizing wireless data transmission at a wellhead comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: During the process of blocking the upward movement, the plunger position is detected by a magnetic sensor, and at the same time, the data acquisition module receives the data collected by the magnetic sensor and sends it to the main control system;

[0016] Step 2: The main control system determines whether the plunger has reached a position where wireless data transmission can be achieved. If not, the system returns to step 1; if so, the system proceeds to step 3.

[0017] Step 3: The plunger storage data signal is transmitted to the wireless signal receiver of the wireless transceiver module by wireless transmission, and the wireless signal receiver sends the received data to the wireless signal transmitter; at the same time, the main control system sends a command to the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module accepts the data collected by the wireless signal transmitter and transmits the data to the main control system, and the main control system receives and stores the data.

[0018] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The present invention can realize wireless transmission of data stored in wellhead plungers, avoiding the large amount of equipment replacement, leak prevention and pressure relief operations involved in plunger salvage and data collection, effectively reducing labor costs, improving operation efficiency, and reducing operation safety risks;

[0020] 2. The system structure of the present invention is simple, the operation method is simple, and the efficiency of plunger data collection can be effectively improved.

[0021] 3. The present invention arranges a sealing ring between the outer tube and the outer cap, a sealing ring between the outer cap and the first insulating sleeve, and a sealing ring between the extension rod and the first insulating sleeve to form an inner and outer three-layer seal, which can effectively prevent the leakage of high-pressure oil and gas in the blowout preventer and ensure the safety of oil and gas well operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the wireless transceiver module of the present invention on the lubricator;

[0023] Figure 2 is a process diagram of a system capable of realizing wireless data transmission at a wellhead according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for realizing wireless data transmission at a wellhead. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The structure of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through examples. It should be noted that the present examples are descriptive rather than restrictive.

[0026] A system that can realize wireless data transmission at the wellhead, see Figure 1-Figure 2The invention point is that it includes: a wireless transceiver module, a magnetic sensor, a data acquisition module, and a main control system.

[0027] The wireless transceiver module is used to receive the plunger storage data and output the data to the data acquisition module; the wireless transceiver module includes an outer cap 1, a first insulating sleeve 2, an extension rod 3, a second insulating sleeve 4, an outer tube 5, a limit pin 6, a wireless signal receiver 7, a large sealing ring 8, a small sealing ring 9, and a wireless signal transmitter 10.

[0028] The surface of the outer tube is provided with an external threaded section, and a sealing ring mounting groove is provided on the outside of the external threaded section. The outer cap is a cylindrical structure, and its inner hole adopts a three-step stepped hole with successively decreasing diameters, consisting of a large diameter hole section, a medium diameter hole section, and a small diameter hole section. The aperture of the large diameter hole section is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer tube, and the large diameter hole section is provided with an internal thread and a radial threaded hole. The first insulating sleeve is a stepped sleeve, and the shape and size of its outer surface match the shape and size of the medium diameter hole section and the small diameter hole section of the outer cap. The second insulating sleeve is a flange sleeve, the outer diameter of its flange part is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer tube, and the outer diameter of its sleeve part is consistent with the inner diameter of the outer tube. The extension rod is composed of a main rod body part and an inner connector part. The shape and size of the main rod body part match the shape and size of the inner hole of the first insulating sleeve. The outer diameter of the front connector part is smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve part of the second insulating sleeve.

[0029] The outer tube is welded perpendicularly to the sidewall of the wellhead lubricator. The body of the second insulating sleeve fits snugly into the inner bore of the outer tube. The outer cap is positioned externally on the outer tube, with multiple large sealing rings installed between them. The internal threads on the large-diameter bore of the outer cap connect to the external threads on the outer sleeve, and limit screws are installed in the radial threaded holes of the outer cap, pressing the flange of the second insulating sleeve against the outer end of the outer tube. The first insulating sleeve is positioned within the medium- and small-diameter bores of the outer cap, with multiple small sealing rings installed between them. The main body of the extension rod fits snugly into the inner bore of the first insulating sleeve, with multiple small sealing rings installed between them. The inner connector of the extension rod extends into the inner bore of the second insulating sleeve. The wireless signal receiver is positioned within the inner bores of the second insulating sleeve and the outer tube, with its receiving end facing the lubricator, and is threadedly connected to the inner connector of the extension rod. The wireless signal transmitter is threadedly connected to the end of the extension rod distal from the inner connector.

[0030] The data signal received by the wireless signal receiver is transmitted to the wireless signal transmitter through the extension rod.

[0031] The extension rod is installed between the first insulating sleeve and the second insulating sleeve, so that the extension rod is insulated from the outer cap and the outer tube, thereby avoiding data signal transmission loss.

[0032] Multiple small sealing rings are installed between the first insulating sleeve and the outer cap, multiple small sealing rings are installed between the extension rod and the outer cap, and multiple large sealing rings are installed between the outer cap and the outer tube. Through the setting of the three-layer sealing structure, the leakage of high-pressure oil and gas in the blowout preventer is better avoided.

[0033] The magnetic sensor is fixed to the outer surface of the lubricator and is arranged below the installation position of the wireless transceiver module. It is used to detect the position of the plunger in real time and feed back the detection signal to the data acquisition module.

[0034] The data acquisition module is connected to the wireless signal transmitter, the magnetic sensor and the main control system, and is used to receive data collected by the magnetic sensor and the wireless signal transmitter, and send the data to the main control system;

[0035] The main control system is used to determine whether the plunger has reached a position where wireless data transmission can be achieved based on the feedback signal of the magnetic sensor. When the plunger reaches a position where wireless data transmission can be achieved, the data output by the plunger is received and stored through the data acquisition module.

[0036] A method for realizing wireless data transmission at the wellhead, see Figure 3 , including the following steps:

[0037] Step 1: During the process of blocking the upward movement, the plunger position is detected by a magnetic sensor, and at the same time, the data acquisition module receives the data collected by the magnetic sensor and sends it to the main control system;

[0038] Step 2: The main control system determines whether the plunger has reached a position where wireless data transmission can be achieved. If not, the system returns to step 1; if so, the system proceeds to step 3.

[0039] Step 3: The plunger storage data signal is transmitted to the wireless signal receiver of the wireless transceiver module by wireless transmission, and the wireless signal receiver sends the received data to the wireless signal transmitter; at the same time, the main control system sends a command to the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module accepts the data collected by the wireless signal transmitter and transmits the data to the main control system, and the main control system receives and stores the data.

[0040] Although the embodiments and drawings of the present invention are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will understand that various replacements, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A system capable of realizing wireless data transmission at a wellhead, characterized by: It includes wireless transceiver module, magnetic sensor, data acquisition module and main control system; The wireless transceiver module is integrally mounted on the side wall of the wellhead lubricant preventer and includes a wireless signal receiver and a wireless signal transmitter, and is used to receive plunger storage data through the wireless signal receiver and output the received plunger data to the data acquisition module through the wireless signal transmitter; The magnetic sensor is fixed to the outer surface of the lubricator and is arranged below the installation position of the wireless transceiver module. It is used to detect the position of the plunger in real time and feed back the detection signal to the data acquisition module; The data acquisition module is connected to the wireless signal transmitter, the magnetic sensor and the main control system, and is used to receive data collected by the magnetic sensor and the wireless signal transmitter, and send the data to the main control system; The main control system is used to determine whether the plunger has reached a position where wireless data transmission can be achieved based on the feedback signal of the magnetic sensor. When the plunger reaches a position where wireless data transmission can be achieved, the data output by the plunger is received and stored through the data acquisition module.

2. The system for realizing wireless data transmission at a wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless transceiver module also includes an outer cap, a first insulating sleeve, an extension rod, a second insulating sleeve, an outer tube, a limiting pin, a large sealing ring and a small sealing ring; The surface of the outer tube is provided with an external thread section, and a sealing ring mounting groove is provided on the outside of the external thread section; the outer cap is a cylindrical structure, and its inner hole adopts a three-step stepped hole with successively decreasing diameters, which is composed of a large diameter hole section, a medium diameter hole section and a small diameter hole section; the aperture of the large diameter hole section is consistent with the outer diameter of the outer tube, and an internal thread and a radial threaded hole are provided on the large diameter hole section; the first insulating sleeve is a stepped sleeve, and the second insulating sleeve adopts a flange sleeve; the extension rod is composed of a main rod body part and an inner connector part; the sleeve part of the second insulating sleeve is plugged into the inner hole of the outer tube; the outer cap sleeve is arranged on the outside of the outer tube, and a plurality of large sealing rings are installed between the two, and the internal thread on the large diameter hole section of the outer cap is connected with the external thread on the outer sleeve The outer cap is connected with the outer tube by means of a threaded connection, and a limiting screw is installed in the radial threaded hole on the outer cap so that the flange part of the second insulating sleeve is pressed and contacted with the outer end of the outer tube; the first insulating sleeve is positioned and installed in the medium diameter hole section and the small diameter hole section of the outer cap, and a plurality of small sealing rings are installed between the two. The main rod body part of the extension rod is positioned and matched with the inner hole of the first insulating sleeve, and a plurality of small sealing rings are installed between the two. The inner connector part of the extension rod extends into the inner hole of the sleeve of the second insulating sleeve; the wireless signal receiver is arranged in the inner hole of the second insulating sleeve and the outer tube with the receiving end facing the direction of the lubricator, and is connected to the inner connector of the extension rod by means of a threaded connection; the wireless signal transmitter is connected to the end of the extension rod away from the inner connector by means of a threaded connection.

3. A method for realizing the wellhead wireless data transmission system according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the following steps: Step 1: During the process of blocking the upward movement, the plunger position is detected by a magnetic sensor, and at the same time, the data acquisition module receives the data collected by the magnetic sensor and sends it to the main control system; Step 2: The main control system determines whether the plunger has reached a position where wireless data transmission can be achieved. If not, the system returns to step 1; if so, the system proceeds to step 3. Step 3: The plunger storage data signal is transmitted to the wireless signal receiver of the wireless transceiver module by wireless transmission, and the wireless signal receiver sends the received data to the wireless signal transmitter; at the same time, the main control system sends a command to the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module accepts the data collected by the wireless signal transmitter and transmits the data to the main control system, and the main control system receives and stores the data.

Images