A controllable rock burst coal seam drilling pressure relief energy storage method for coal mine

Abstract

The application discloses a coal mine controllable rock burst coal seam drilling pressure relief energy storage method, which comprises the following steps: S1-S2: S1: determining a stress concentration range of a coal seam in a roadway, and drilling a pressure relief hole in the coal seam; S2: installing an absorbing piece in the pressure relief hole, the absorbing piece being used for absorbing mechanical energy generated by the collapse extrusion of the pressure relief hole and controllable coal guns; and S3: connecting the absorbing piece with a power supply piece in the roadway, so that the absorbing piece supplies power to the power supply piece. The coal mine controllable rock burst coal seam drilling pressure relief energy storage method has the advantages of simple steps, high energy recovery efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine safety mining technology, and in particular to a method for controlling rockburst in coal mines by drilling to relieve pressure and store energy in coal seams under controllable rockburst. Background Technology

[0002] Rockburst is a dynamic disaster caused by the sudden release of elastic strain energy within coal and rock during coal mining. This disaster typically leads to roadway collapse, equipment damage, and casualties, seriously threatening safe production in coal mines.

[0003] In related technologies, the large-diameter borehole stress relief method for coal seams mainly reduces stress concentration by releasing the elastic energy in the coal and rock mass through borehole deformation and collapse. However, the mechanical energy released during the large-diameter borehole stress relief process is not effectively recovered and utilized, resulting in energy waste. Furthermore, due to insufficient matching between borehole design parameters (such as borehole depth, spacing, and angle) and stress concentration areas, the stress relief effect is not ideal, making it difficult to completely eliminate the risk of disaster. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention propose a method for controlling rockburst coal seam borehole decompression and energy storage in coal mines that is simple in procedure, has reasonable parameter settings, and can recover energy.

[0006] The coal mine controlled rockburst coal seam drilling pressure relief and energy storage method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: S1: determining the stress concentration range of the coal seam in the roadway, and drilling a hole in the coal seam to form a pressure relief hole; S2: installing an absorber in the pressure relief hole, the absorber being used to absorb the mechanical energy generated by the collapse and compression of the pressure relief hole and the controlled coal blast; S3: connecting the absorber to a power supply unit in the roadway so that the absorber supplies power to the power supply unit.

[0007] The coal seam large-diameter borehole pressure relief and energy storage method of this invention includes steps S1-S3, in which the stress in the coal and rock mass is relieved through the pressure relief hole, and the mechanical energy generated by the controllable coal blasting in the coal and rock mass is absorbed by the absorber and converted into electrical energy to power the lighting and monitoring system in the roadway. This effectively recovers and utilizes the stress energy, and achieves pressure relief and energy storage synergy.

[0008] In some embodiments, there are multiple pressure relief holes, which are spaced apart along the length of the roadway, and each pressure relief hole is provided with an absorber.

[0009] In some embodiments, in step S1, the arrangement of the pressure relief holes is designed according to the stress distribution of the coal seam and the physical properties of the coal seam, so as to ensure that the pressure relief holes can effectively cover the stress concentration area.

[0010] In some embodiments, the distance between two adjacent pressure relief holes is 1m-3m, and the distance between the pressure relief hole and the roadway floor is 1.2m-2m.

[0011] In some embodiments, the depth of the pressure relief hole is 24m-26m, and the diameter of the pressure relief hole is 150mm-155mm.

[0012] In some embodiments, there are multiple absorbers, which are disposed in the pressure relief hole and spaced apart along the length of the pressure relief hole. The multiple absorbers are electrically connected in sequence and are all connected to the power supply unit in the roadway.

[0013] In some embodiments, the spacing between two adjacent absorbers is 0.5m-1m.

[0014] In some embodiments, in step S3, the absorber is electrically connected to the power supply unit via a microgrid so that the energy in the absorber is stored in the microgrid and supplies power to the power supply unit through the microgrid.

[0015] In some embodiments, the method for controlling rockburst in coal mines by drilling to relieve pressure and store energy further includes step S4: determining the stress concentration zone of the coal seam in the roadway based on the energy stored in the absorber inside the pressure relief hole, and then drilling a large-diameter borehole in the coal seam in the roadway again to relieve pressure and store energy.

[0016] In some embodiments, in step S1, a stress sensor or fiber optic sensor is used to determine the stress concentration range of the coal seam in the roadway. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of coal seam borehole pressure relief and energy storage according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a distribution diagram of large-diameter boreholes for coal seam borehole pressure relief and energy storage according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view of a large-diameter borehole for coal seam pressure relief and energy storage according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Roadway 1; Roof 11; Floor 12; Coal Seam 13; Pressure Relief Hole 2; Absorption Component 3. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a method for controlling rockburst-prone coal seam borehole decompression and energy storage according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the coal mine controlled rockburst coal seam borehole depressurization and energy storage method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes steps S1-S2: S1: Determine the stress concentration range of coal seam 13 within roadway 1, and drill holes in coal seam 13 to form pressure relief holes 2. Specifically, the stress distribution of coal seam 13 within roadway 1 is monitored in real time using stress sensors, fiber optic sensors, or numerical simulation technology to determine the stress concentration area. Large-diameter drilling technology is used to drill holes within the stress concentration range to ensure the stability and pressure relief effect of pressure relief holes 2.

[0024] S2: An absorber 3 is installed inside the pressure relief hole 2. The absorber 3 is used to absorb the mechanical energy generated by the collapse and compression of the pressure relief hole 2 and the controlled coal blast. Specifically, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, an absorber 3 (such as a piezoelectric material or an energy capture device) is arranged in the pressure relief hole 2 to convert the mechanical energy released by the collapse, compression and controlled coal blasting of the coal body into electrical energy, thereby enabling the energy to be effectively recovered.

[0025] S3: The absorber 3 is connected to the power supply unit in the tunnel 1 so that the absorber 3 supplies power to the power supply unit. Specifically, as follows: Figures 1-3 As shown, the absorber 3 is connected to the power supply unit (such as an energy storage device or power supply system) in the tunnel 1 via a cable, and transmits the captured electrical energy to the power supply unit to power the lighting, monitoring equipment or other electrical facilities in the tunnel 1, thereby realizing the recovery and utilization of energy.

[0026] The coal mine controllable rockburst coal seam borehole pressure relief and energy storage method of this invention includes steps S1-S3, in which an absorber 3 is arranged in the pressure relief hole 2. The absorber 3 can convert the mechanical energy released by coal collapse, compression and controllable coal blasting into electrical energy to power the lighting and monitoring system. This not only ensures the pressure relief effect and effectively reduces the stress concentration, but also converts the mechanical energy generated by the coal and rock mass into electrical energy for storage and utilization, thereby improving the energy utilization rate and realizing the dual synergy of pressure relief and energy storage.

[0027] In some embodiments, there are multiple pressure relief holes 2, which are spaced apart along the length of the roadway 1, and each pressure relief hole 2 is provided with an absorber 3. Specifically, as shown in the figure Figures 1-3As shown, there are multiple pressure relief holes 2 arranged in a single row along the front-to-back direction. The spaced arrangement of multiple pressure relief holes 2 can effectively cover the stress concentration area along the length of the roadway 1, avoiding disasters such as coal and gas outbursts or rock bursts caused by local stress concentration. Each pressure relief hole 2 is equipped with an absorber 3, which absorbs and stores energy.

[0028] In some embodiments, in step S1, based on the stress distribution and physical properties of the coal seam 13, a layout scheme for the pressure relief holes 2 is designed to ensure that the pressure relief holes 2 can effectively cover the stress concentration area. Therefore, by analyzing the stress distribution diagram of the coal seam 13 and combining it with the physical properties of the coal seam 13 such as hardness, thickness, and dip angle, the key parameters such as the location, number, depth, and diameter of the pressure relief holes 2 are optimized. This ensures that the pressure relief holes 2 can not only accurately locate the stress concentration area and maximize their pressure relief function, but also effectively alleviate the internal pressure state of the coal seam 13 and reduce the risk of sudden stress reactions in the coal seam 13.

[0029] In some embodiments, the distance between two adjacent pressure relief holes 2 is 1m-3m. Specifically, as shown in the figure... Figures 1-3 As shown, the spacing between two adjacent pressure relief holes 2 can be any of 1m, 2m, or 3m. When the spacing is less than 1m, the stress release areas between the pressure relief holes 2 overlap, resulting in overly dense placement of the pressure relief holes 2 and increased pressure relief costs. Since the stress concentration area in the coal seam 13 usually has a certain range, when the spacing is greater than 3m, the excessive spacing between adjacent pressure relief holes 2 will lead to insufficient stress release, forming a pressure relief blind zone that cannot effectively cover the entire stress concentration area. Therefore, a spacing of 1m-3m can ensure that each pressure relief hole 2 functions within a reasonable range, without interfering with each other, while effectively covering the stress concentration area.

[0030] In some embodiments, the distance between the pressure relief hole 2 and the floor plate 12 of the roadway 1 is 1.2m-2m. Specifically, as shown in the figure... Figures 1-3 As shown, the height of the pressure relief hole 2 can be any of 1.2m, 1.4m, 1.6m, 1.8m, or 2m. When the pressure relief hole 2 is too close to the floor 12 of the roadway 1 (less than 1.2m), the shock wave generated by the collapse of the pressure relief hole 2 will act on the floor 12, causing the rock strata of the floor 12 to fracture or deform, affecting the stability and safety of the roadway 1. When the distance is too far (greater than 2m), the concentrated stress near the floor 12 cannot be fully released, reducing the pressure relief effect. Therefore, a height of 1.2m-2m for the pressure relief hole 2 can ensure the pressure relief effect while avoiding damage to the structure of the floor 12 of the roadway 11.

[0031] In some embodiments, the depth of the pressure relief hole 2 is 24m-26m. Specifically, the depth of the pressure relief hole 2 can be any of 24m, 25m, or 26m. If the pressure relief hole 2 is too shallow (e.g., less than 24m), it cannot fully release the concentrated stress in the deep coal seam 13, resulting in an unsatisfactory pressure relief effect. If the pressure relief hole 2 is too deep (e.g., exceeding 26m), it may increase the construction difficulty and cost. Therefore, a hole depth of 24m-26m can fully release the concentrated stress in the deep coal seam 13 while also reducing the construction difficulty and cost of the pressure relief hole 2.

[0032] In some embodiments, the diameter of the pressure relief hole 2 is 150mm-155mm. Specifically, the diameter of the pressure relief hole 2 can be any of 150mm, 151mm, 152mm, 153mm, 154mm, or 155mm. Since the main function of the pressure relief hole 2 is to release pressure when the system pressure is too high, preventing equipment damage or accidents, the hole diameter directly affects the pressure relief speed and efficiency. If the diameter of the pressure relief hole 2 is too small, the pressure relief speed is slow, the pressure relief time is long, and the pressure relief efficiency is poor. If the diameter of the pressure relief hole 2 is too large, it may lead to excessively rapid pressure release, causing system instability and even new safety hazards. Furthermore, an excessively large diameter may increase construction difficulty and cost, while reducing the overall strength and stability of the structure. Therefore, a hole diameter of 150mm-155mm can accommodate the construction capabilities of most drilling rigs while ensuring pressure relief and energy absorption effects. Thus, the design parameters of the pressure relief hole 2 (such as hole depth, spacing, and angle) are matched with the stress concentration area, improving the pressure relief effect and eliminating disaster risks.

[0033] In some embodiments, there are multiple absorbers 3, which are disposed within the pressure relief hole 2 and spaced apart along the length of the pressure relief hole 2. The multiple absorbers 3 are sequentially electrically connected and each is connected to a power supply unit within the roadway 1. Specifically, as shown... Figures 1-3 As shown, multiple absorbers 3 are arranged sequentially in the pressure relief hole 2 along the left-right direction. Thus, the multiple absorbers 3 absorb the mechanical energy generated by the collapse and compression of the pressure relief hole 2 and the controlled coal blast. Furthermore, the multiple absorbers 3 cover the entire length of the pressure relief hole 2, ensuring comprehensive and efficient energy absorption. The multiple absorbers 3 are connected sequentially via electrical connections (such as cables or conductive lines), integrating the energy absorbed by each absorber 3 into a unified circuit for easy subsequent utilization. The design of multiple absorbers 3 also improves system stability; even if one absorber 3 fails, the others can still operate normally, ensuring the continuity of energy absorption and power supply.

[0034] In some embodiments, the spacing between two adjacent absorbent elements 3 is 0.5m-1m. Specifically, as shown in the figure... Figures 1-3As shown, the spacing between two adjacent absorbers 3 can be any of 0.5m, 0.7m, 0.9m, or 1m. If the spacing between two absorbers 3 is too large (e.g., exceeding 1m), some energy may not be absorbed and will be wasted. If the spacing between two absorbers 3 is too small (e.g., less than 0.5m), the energy absorption range of multiple absorbers 3 may overlap, reducing energy utilization efficiency. Therefore, a spacing of 0.5m-1m can provide sufficient installation space for each absorber 3 to ensure its normal operation, while avoiding mutual interference between absorbers 3.

[0035] In some embodiments, in step S3, the absorber 3 is electrically connected to the power supply unit via a microgrid, so that the energy in the absorber 3 is stored in the microgrid and used to supply power to the power supply unit. Thus, the electrical energy in the absorber 3 is distributed to each power supply unit via the power distribution unit through the microgrid, ensuring that each device receives the required power, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the tunnel 1.

[0036] In some embodiments, the method for controlled rockburst coal seam borehole decompression and energy storage in coal mines further includes step S4: determining the stress concentration zone of coal seam 13 in roadway 1 based on the energy stored in absorber 3 within decompression hole 2, and then performing large-diameter borehole decompression and energy storage on coal seam 13 in roadway 1 again. Specifically, the energy data stored in absorber 3 is collected and analyzed in real time through the intelligent control unit of the microgrid or external monitoring equipment. The intensity of the stress concentration zone in coal seam 13 is determined based on the changing trend of the energy data absorbed by absorber 3. For example, areas with higher energy storage in absorber 3 usually correspond to stress concentration zones. Combining energy data and geological conditions (such as coal seam 13 thickness, lithology, etc.), new stress concentration zones in roadway 1 are determined using numerical simulation or stress monitoring technology. If a change in the stress concentration zone is found (such as stress shifting to other areas), targeted treatment is required for the new stress concentration zone. Within the determined stress concentration zone, decompression hole 2 and absorber 3 are rearranged according to steps S1-S3 to decompress and release the concentrated stress in coal seam 131, while the absorber 3 absorbs the energy released during the large-diameter borehole process. The energy absorbed by the absorber 3 is stored through a microgrid and distributed to the power supply unit, thus realizing the recycling of energy.

[0037] In some embodiments, in step S1, a stress sensor or fiber optic sensor is used to determine the stress concentration range of the coal seam 13 within the roadway. Specifically, stress data in the coal seam 13 is collected in real time using a stress sensor or fiber optic sensor, and the data is transmitted to a data processing system, improving the accuracy and reliability of the detection.

[0038] The following describes in detail the coal mine controllable rockburst coal seam borehole depressurization and energy storage method according to an embodiment of the present invention: (1) The stress concentration range of the rockburst coal seam 13 was initially determined by monitoring methods such as stress and optical fiber.

[0039] (2) Implement large-diameter boreholes in coal seam 13 to ensure that the implementation area covers the stress concentration zone of coal seam 13.

[0040] (3) Absorbers 3 are continuously arranged in the pressure relief borehole along the borehole direction. The collapse of the borehole coal body realizes the purpose of pressure relief of coal seam 13. The mechanical energy generated by the borehole collapse compression and controllable coal blast is converted into electrical energy storage through absorbers 3.

[0041] (4) Utilize stored electrical energy to establish a mine microgrid to power the underground lighting and monitoring system, thereby realizing the recovery and utilization of energy released from the coal and rock mass. At the same time, based on the power generation of the absorber 3 at different depths, the stress concentration zone is determined again, and the borehole pressure relief parameters are optimized.

[0042] This embodiment takes a rockburst coal seam 13 in a certain mine as an example. The coal seam 13 is 8m thick, and the tunnel 1 is 5.4m wide and 3.5m high. The borehole pressure relief and energy storage method is introduced.

[0043] In this embodiment, the stress concentration zone of the existing coal seam 13 is first preliminarily measured, and a large-diameter borehole is used to cover the stress concentration zone. The collapse of the coal body in the borehole achieves the purpose of relieving pressure on the coal seam 13. The mechanical energy generated by the borehole collapse and compression and the controllable coal blast is converted into electrical energy and stored through the absorber 3.

[0044] The specific implementation method is as follows: the rockburst coal seam 13 is depressurized by large-diameter boreholes. Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the layout of large-diameter boreholes for the rockburst-prone coal seam (Section 13). The boreholes are 25m deep, 153mm in diameter, and 1.2-2m above the floor of roadway 1 (Section 12). The borehole spacing is 1-3m, arranged in a single row. After the large-diameter boreholes are completed, absorber elements (Section 3) are installed inside the boreholes. Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the arrangement of absorbers 3 within a large-diameter pressure relief borehole, with a spacing of 0.5-1m between absorbers 3. During mining-affected areas, continuous pressure relief measures are implemented using large-diameter boreholes. The collapse of the coal mass within the borehole reduces stress concentration, allowing the large energy accumulated in the coal and rock mass to be released in stages through controlled coal blasting. The energy released from the surrounding rock is captured by the absorbers 3, storing both mechanical and electrical energy, thus achieving a synergistic effect of pressure relief and energy storage.

[0045] In summary, the coal mine controlled rockburst coal seam borehole decompression and energy storage method of the present invention, through the large-diameter borehole decompression and pressure power generation measures, effectively reduces the stress concentration and converts the mechanical energy generated by the coal and rock mass into electrical energy for storage and utilization, thus achieving decompression-energy storage synergy.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0047] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0048] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0050] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling rockburst-prone coal seam borehole decompression and energy storage in coal mines, characterized in that, include: S1: Determine the stress concentration range of the coal seam in the roadway, and drill holes in the coal seam to form pressure relief holes; S2: An absorber is installed in the pressure relief hole. The absorber is used to absorb the mechanical energy generated by the collapse and compression of the pressure relief hole and the controlled coal blast. S3: The absorber is connected to the power supply unit in the roadway so that the absorber supplies power to the power supply unit. There are multiple pressure relief holes, which are spaced apart along the length of the roadway. Each pressure relief hole is equipped with an absorber. In step S1, the pressure relief hole arrangement scheme is designed according to the stress distribution and physical characteristics of the coal seam to ensure that the pressure relief holes can effectively cover the stress concentration area. There are multiple absorber units, which are installed in the pressure relief holes and spaced apart along the length of the pressure relief holes. The multiple absorber units are electrically connected in sequence and are all connected to the power supply unit in the roadway. In step S3, the absorber is electrically connected to the power supply unit through a microgrid so that the energy in the absorber is stored in the microgrid and supplies power to the power supply unit through the microgrid. S4: Based on the energy stored in the absorber inside the pressure relief hole, determine the stress concentration zone of the coal seam in the roadway, and then perform large-diameter drilling to relieve pressure and store energy in the coal seam in the roadway again.

2. The method for controlled rockburst-prone coal seam borehole decompression and energy storage in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between two adjacent pressure relief holes is 1m-3m, and the distance between the pressure relief hole and the roadway floor is 1.2m-2m.

3. The method for controlled rockburst-prone coal seam borehole decompression and energy storage in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth of the pressure relief hole is 24m-26m, and the diameter of the pressure relief hole is 150mm-155mm.

4. The method for controlled rockburst-prone coal seam borehole decompression and energy storage in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between two adjacent absorbers is 0.5m-1m.

5. The method for controlled rockburst coal seam borehole depressurization and energy storage in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, fiber optic sensors are used to determine the stress concentration range of the coal seam in the roadway.

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