Real-time monitoring system for blade fracture of wind generating set in open sea area

Abstract

The invention discloses a real-time monitoring system for blade breakage of a wind generating set in an open sea area. The real-time monitoring system comprises a detection circuit, the detection circuit comprises a constant current source and a conductive fiber, the conductive fiber is connected with the constant current source, a plurality of sensitive pressure measuring devices are arranged on the conductive fiber, the voltage of a section of wire fiber on the conductive fiber is detected through the sensitive pressure measuring devices, and the system can detect whether the blade of the open sea wind generating set is broken or not.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of new energy equipment monitoring, and relates to a real-time monitoring system for blade breakage of wind turbine generator sets in offshore areas. Background Art

[0002] As the environmental problems caused by traditional fossil energy become increasingly serious, the development of renewable energy has attracted widespread attention. After years of technological development and improvement, wind energy has become the most representative renewable energy.

[0003] Publication No. CN106837709A discloses a method for monitoring blades of a wind turbine generator set, comprising: using sensors to collect vibration signals from the blades of the wind turbine generator set; extracting the vibration signals using a hub measurement unit located in the hub; forwarding the vibration signals from the hub measurement unit to a data analysis unit located in the nacelle; and comparing the vibration signals of different blades in the wind turbine generator set to monitor whether the blades are damaged. The hub measurement unit and the data analysis unit are connected via a wireless network; or, alternatively, the hub measurement unit and the data analysis unit are connected via a cable in a slip ring. Obtaining the total mass of the blades in the wind turbine generator set based on the vibration signals comprises: extracting the vibration frequency of the blades in the wind turbine generator set based on the vibration signals; and calculating the total mass of the blades in the wind turbine generator set based on the vibration frequency. The method comprises: using sensors to collect vibration signals from the blades of the wind turbine generator set; extracting the vibration signals using a hub measurement unit located in the hub; forwarding the vibration signals from the hub measurement unit to a data analysis unit located in the nacelle; and comparing the vibration signals of different blades in the wind turbine generator set to monitor whether the blades are damaged. Since the vibration signals of the blades in the wind turbine generator set can be obtained in real time, it is possible to monitor in real time whether the blades in the wind turbine generator set are damaged.

[0004] However, offshore wind power generation, with its advantages of abundant and stable wind energy, is gradually becoming the mainstream direction of wind energy development and utilization. However, the actual operation of offshore wind power generation still faces some challenges, the most prominent of which is the safe operation monitoring of offshore wind turbine blades. This is because blade breakage is the most common failure mode in wind power generation. Since offshore wind turbines are installed far from the coast, blade inspection is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly. Therefore, how to efficiently and conveniently remotely monitor the safe operation of turbine blades has become a core technical requirement for the commercial application of offshore wind power generation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a real-time monitoring system for offshore wind turbine blade fractures, which can detect whether offshore wind turbine blade fractures occur.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention discloses a real-time monitoring system for blade breakage of wind turbines in offshore areas, comprising a detection circuit; the detection circuit comprises a constant current source and a conductive fiber, the conductive fiber being connected to the constant current source, and a plurality of sensitive pressure measuring devices being arranged on the conductive fiber, and the voltage of a section of the conductor fiber on the conductive fiber being detected by the sensitive pressure measuring devices.

[0007] The real-time monitoring system for offshore wind turbine blade fractures according to the present invention is further improved in that:

[0008] Furthermore, one end of the conductive fiber is connected to one end of the constant current source, and the other end of the conductive fiber extends from the back of the blade to the tip of the blade, then goes back from the tip of the blade to the front of the blade and extends to the root of the blade, and then is connected to the other end of the constant current source.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of sensitive pressure measuring devices are provided at the root of the blade and the back of the blade.

[0010] Furthermore, the sensitive pressure measuring devices located on the back of the blade are distributed at equal intervals.

[0011] Furthermore, the constant current source is arranged on the front side of the blade.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a control circuit, which includes a control constant current source and a control conductive fiber. The control constant current source is connected to the control conductive fiber. The control constant current source and the control conductive fiber are both located in the area where the blade root is located. The control conductive fiber is provided with a control sensitive pressure measuring device.

[0013] Furthermore, a control sensitive pressure measuring device is installed on the leeward side of the blade.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a signal transmitting device, wherein each control sensitive pressure measuring device and each sensitive pressure measuring device and the signal transmitting device.

[0015] Furthermore, the signal transmitting device is connected to a land terminal.

[0016] The present invention discloses a real-time monitoring system for blade fracture of wind turbine generator sets in offshore areas, comprising a detection circuit and a control circuit; the detection circuit comprises a constant current source and a conductive fiber, the conductive fiber being connected to the constant current source, and a plurality of sensitive pressure measuring devices being arranged on the conductive fiber, and the voltage of a section of the conductive fiber on the conductive fiber is detected by the sensitive pressure measuring devices;

[0017] The control circuit includes a control constant current source and a control conductive fiber, which are connected to each other. Both the control constant current source and the control conductive fiber are located in the area where the blade root is located. The control conductive fiber is provided with a control sensitive pressure measuring device.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The real-time monitoring system for blade breakage of offshore wind turbines described in the present invention is designed to monitor the breakage of wind turbine blades in offshore areas. When a blade breaks or deforms, the conductive fibers that are closer to it will be affected and deformed, causing their own resistance to change. The resistance change causes its voltage value to change. The voltage of a section of the conductive fiber on the conductive fiber is detected by a sensitive pressure measuring device. When the voltage measured by the sensitive pressure measuring device changes, it indicates that the blade has broken. The system is simple to operate and highly practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present invention, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a side view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Among them, 1 is a control sensitive pressure measuring device, 2 is a constant current source, 3 is a pressure measuring device, and 4 is a sensitive pressure measuring device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “include” and “comprise” indicate the presence of the described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0027] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0028] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present invention generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0029] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," and "third" may be used to describe preset ranges in embodiments of the present invention, these preset ranges should not be limited to these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish one preset range from another. For example, without departing from the scope of embodiments of the present invention, the first preset range may also be referred to as the second preset range, and similarly, the second preset range may also be referred to as the first preset range.

[0030] The word "if," as used herein, may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting," depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if it is determined" or "if (stated condition or event) is detected" may be interpreted as "when it is determined" or "in response to the determination" or "when detecting (stated condition or event)" or "in response to detecting (stated condition or event)," depending on the context.

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The accompanying drawings illustrate various schematic diagrams of structures according to embodiments disclosed herein. These figures are not drawn to scale; for clarity, some details are exaggerated and some details may be omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the figures, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Those skilled in the art may design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0033] Conductive fibers are a type of functional fiber material with conductive properties. These fibers are made by incorporating conductive components or structures into the fibers, enabling them to conduct electrons. These fibers have broad application prospects in electronics, communications, healthcare, protective equipment, smart textiles, and other fields.

[0034] A sensitive pressure measuring device is a device that can accurately capture pressure changes and convert them into measurable signals. Its core lies in the highly sensitive pressure sensor. The following is an introduction from the aspects of principle, type, application scenarios, and selection points:

[0035] Principles and types

[0036] Sensitive pressure measuring devices typically operate based on principles such as piezoresistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, or frictional effects. For example, piezoresistive sensors measure pressure by detecting the effect of external force on the device's resistance, making them suitable for detecting static force changes. Piezoelectric sensors, on the other hand, utilize the direct piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials to convert pressure into a voltage signal, making them more suitable for detecting dynamic force changes. Additionally, there are capacitive and frictional pressure sensors, each with its own unique operating principles and applicable scenarios.

[0037] Application Scenario

[0038] Sensitive pressure measuring devices are widely used in many fields:

[0039] Medical field: used to monitor blood pressure, ventilator pressure, pacemaker output, etc., to help doctors judge the patient's health status and make treatment decisions.

[0040] Industrial control: Monitor the pressure of liquid or gas in pipelines to ensure normal system operation; measure liquid levels to help engineers understand the inventory status of storage equipment.

[0041] Environmental monitoring: Monitoring atmospheric pressure, water pressure, soil pressure, etc., to help scientists study and predict the occurrence of natural disasters; monitoring structural changes in buildings to detect potential safety hazards in advance.

[0042] Aerospace: Measure the aircraft's air pressure, oil pressure, turbine engine pressure, etc. to ensure the aircraft's normal operation at high altitudes; measure the spacecraft's fuel pressure to help astronauts understand fuel consumption.

[0043] Selection points

[0044] When selecting a sensitive pressure measuring device, the following factors need to be considered:

[0045] Measuring range: Select an appropriate range based on the actual pressure being measured, and ensure that the upper range limit of the selected instrument is 1.5 to 3 times higher than the actual maximum working pressure to leave enough safety margin and room for accurate readings.

[0046] Accuracy Grade: Select the appropriate accuracy grade based on the measurement accuracy requirements. Applications in different industries have different accuracy requirements. For example, industrial production process control may accept a lower-precision pressure gauge, while laboratories or precision measurement applications may require higher accuracy.

[0047] Working environment: Consider environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, vibration, shock, electromagnetic interference, etc., and select a pressure instrument with corresponding protection level and anti-interference ability.

[0048] Signal output form: Depending on whether remote monitoring or data acquisition is required, select a pressure transmitter that can output analog signals (such as 4-20mA, 0-10V) or digital signals (such as RS485, HART protocol).

[0049] Dynamic response requirements: If the pressure of the measured object changes rapidly, a pressure sensor or transmitter with good dynamic response performance should be selected to ensure that the pressure changes can be captured in real time and accurately.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] The real-time monitoring system for blade breakage of wind turbines in offshore areas of the present invention includes a detection circuit; the detection circuit includes a constant current source 2 and a conductive fiber, the conductive fiber is connected to the constant current source 2, and a plurality of sensitive pressure measuring devices 4 are arranged on the conductive fiber, and the voltage of a section of the conductor fiber on the conductive fiber is detected by the sensitive pressure measuring device 4.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] The real-time monitoring system for offshore wind turbine blade fractures of the present invention comprises a detection circuit and a control circuit. The detection circuit comprises a constant current source 2 and a conductive fiber, the conductive fiber being connected to the constant current source 2. A plurality of sensitive pressure measuring devices 4 are arranged on the conductive fiber, and the voltage of a section of the conductive fiber on the conductive fiber is detected by the sensitive pressure measuring devices 4.

[0054] The control circuit includes a control constant current source and a control conductive fiber, which are connected to each other. Both the control constant current source and the control conductive fiber are located in the area where the blade root is located. The control conductive fiber is provided with a control sensitive pressure measuring device.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring circuit attached to the surface of the wind turbine blade in the system. It should be noted that: Figure 1 The number of sensitive pressure measuring devices 4 on the middle blade does not represent the actual number; the sensitive pressure measuring devices 4 can be arranged in a non-equidistant manner according to actual conditions. Figure 1 and Figure 2Schematic diagrams of the system being installed on the front and back of a wind turbine blade respectively.

[0057] The real-time monitoring system for blade fracture of wind turbines in offshore areas described in the present invention includes a control circuit and a detection circuit. The detection circuit includes a conductive fiber, one end of the conductive fiber is connected to one end of a constant current source 2, and the other end of the conductive fiber extends from the back of the blade to the tip of the blade, then goes back from the tip of the blade to the front of the blade and extends to the root of the blade, and then is connected to the other end of the constant current source 2. The constant current source 2 is arranged on the front of the blade, and a number of sensitive pressure measuring devices 4 are provided at the root of the blade and the back of the blade, wherein each sensitive pressure measuring device 4 is installed on the conductive fiber, and the sensitive pressure measuring devices 4 located on the back of the blade are distributed at equal intervals so as to quickly locate the position of the blade fault.

[0058] In this embodiment, the control circuit includes a control constant current source and a control conductive fiber, wherein the control constant current source and the control conductive fiber are both provided in the area where the blade root is located. The control conductive fiber is provided with a control sensitive pressure measuring device. In order to prevent the control sensitive pressure measuring device from affecting the use effect of the wind turbine blade, the control sensitive pressure measuring device is installed on the leeward side of the blade. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The number of medium-sensitive pressure measuring devices 4 does not represent the actual number, but is determined according to the size and specifications of the blades. The length of each section of equidistant conductive fibers can be adjusted automatically.

[0059] Figure 2 The following is a simplified circuit diagram of the system on a wind turbine blade. In offshore wind turbines, under normal blade operation, the sensitive pressure measuring device 4 in each section will output a similar, fixed voltage value. When a blade is deformed or fractured due to external influences, the internal forces in the damaged section become unbalanced. The combined effects of gravity and the centrifugal force of the blade's rotation cause the blade to bend or stretch, deforming the conductive fibers attached to the blade surface. In a closed circuit, the resistance of a fixed section can be expressed as follows:

[0060]

[0061] Where α is the resistivity of the resistor material, l is the length of the conductive fiber in that segment, and S is the cross-sectional area of that segment. Stretching and bending cause changes in the length and cross-sectional area of the conductive fiber, which in turn causes changes in the resistance of that segment. In the circuit of constant current source 2, changes in resistance in a certain segment cause changes in the voltage divider across the conductive fiber. The sensitive voltage measuring device 4 detects these voltage changes, and the transmitter remotely transmits all voltage values measured by the control and detection circuits to a land-based terminal.

[0062] When the parameters of the sensitive pressure measuring device 4 of the detection circuit change, the values before and after the change should be compared with the values of the pressure measuring device of the control circuit. According to Ohm's law of closed circuit, the total pressure of the series circuit is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each part, that is:

[0063] U r =U1+U2

[0064] Among them, U r is the total circuit voltage, U1 is the total circuit voltage of the upper part of the blade, and U2 is the total circuit voltage of the lower part. The two and their respective segment voltages satisfy the following relationship:

[0065] U1=∑U i , U2=∑U j

[0066] Among them, U i is the voltage of each section of the upper circuit, U j The voltage of each segment in the lower half is measured by the corresponding sensitive voltage measuring device 4. When the above law is met, the number of segments i and j in the circuit can be set as needed according to actual conditions.

[0067] The working process of the present invention is:

[0068] When a blade breaks or deforms, the conductive fibers that are closer to it will be affected and deformed, causing their own resistance to change. The resistance change causes its voltage value to change. At this time, when the sum of the divided voltages of each detection circuit is equal to the voltage value of the reference sensitive pressure measuring device 4, and the sum of the voltage values measured on the right side of the reference circuit is equal to the voltage value on the left side of the reference circuit, it means that the change in the detection circuit value is caused by the deformation of the conductive fiber. Otherwise, there is a system failure, and the system operation should be checked and corrected. When the comparison of each voltage value is completed and there is no system failure, the section that is significantly different from the other voltage values is the location of the blade failure.

[0069] The present invention can accurately monitor in real time whether the blades are broken or deformed, solving the problem of inconvenient blade detection of wind turbines located in offshore areas. The system is equipped with a signal transmitting device, and the constant current source 2 in the system can ensure that the signal transmitting device continues to work, so that the system can continuously send information data and realize remote real-time monitoring.

[0070] The detection circuit in the present invention adopts multi-segment circuit segmented pressure measurement, which helps to quickly locate the blade damage position and solves the accuracy problem of wind power blade monitoring; a reference circuit is used to monitor the operating status of the system, and the reference sensitive pressure measuring device 1 of the reference circuit is compared with the voltage change value of the detection circuit to explain the reason for the change of the detection circuit value, eliminate the parameter changes caused by the detection circuit itself, and improve the accuracy of system monitoring.

[0071] Those skilled in the art will readily identify other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and disclosure of the invention. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.

[0072] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exact construction described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent structural change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring system for wind turbine blade fracture in offshore areas, characterized by: The invention comprises a detection circuit; the detection circuit comprises a constant current source (2) and a conductive fiber, the conductive fiber is connected to the constant current source (2), and a plurality of sensitive pressure measuring devices (4) are arranged on the conductive fiber, and the voltage of a section of the conductive fiber on the conductive fiber is detected by the sensitive pressure measuring device (4).

2. The real-time monitoring system for offshore wind turbine blade fractures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of the conductive fiber is connected to one end of a constant current source (2), and the other end of the conductive fiber extends from the back of the blade to the tip of the blade, then goes back from the tip of the blade to the front of the blade and extends to the root of the blade, and then is connected to the other end of the constant current source (2).

3. The real-time monitoring system for offshore wind turbine blade fractures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of sensitive pressure measuring devices (4) are provided at the root of the blade and the back of the blade.

4. The real-time monitoring system for offshore wind turbine blade fractures according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The sensitive pressure measuring devices (4) located on the back of the blade are distributed at equal intervals.

5. The real-time monitoring system for offshore wind turbine blade fractures according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The constant current source (2) is arranged on the front side of the blade.

6. The real-time monitoring system for offshore wind turbine blade fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control circuit, which includes a control constant current source and a control conductive fiber. The control constant current source is connected to the control conductive fiber. The control constant current source and the control conductive fiber are both located in the area where the blade root is located. The control conductive fiber is provided with a control sensitive pressure measuring device.

7. The real-time monitoring system for offshore wind turbine blade fractures according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control sensitive pressure measuring device is installed on the leeward side of the blade.

8. The real-time monitoring system for offshore wind turbine blade fractures according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a signaling device, wherein each control sensitive pressure measuring device and each sensitive pressure measuring device (4) are connected to the signaling device.

9. The real-time monitoring system for offshore wind turbine blade fractures according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sending device is connected to a land terminal.

10. A real-time monitoring system for wind turbine blade fracture in offshore areas, characterized in that: The invention comprises a detection circuit and a control circuit; the detection circuit comprises a constant current source (2) and a conductive fiber, the conductive fiber is connected to the constant current source (2), and a plurality of sensitive pressure measuring devices (4) are arranged on the conductive fiber, and the voltage of a section of the conductive fiber on the conductive fiber is detected by the sensitive pressure measuring device (4); The control circuit includes a control constant current source and a control conductive fiber, which are connected to each other. Both the control constant current source and the control conductive fiber are located in the area where the blade root is located. The control conductive fiber is provided with a control sensitive pressure measuring device.

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