Primary buffer capable of preventing rubber from sinking and method for preventing rubber from sinking

Abstract

A primary buffer capable of preventing a loading rubber surface from sinking comprises a base, a rubber body and a pin, the pin is connected with the lower end of the base, the rubber body is vulcanized on the outer side of the base, and the area of the top of the base is larger than 1 / 3 of the area of the top of the rubber body. The base comprises a boss and a bottom plate, the boss is in a circular truncated cone shape, the bottom plate is cylindrical, and the boss and the bottom plate are integrally formed. The upper end of the base is arranged to be in a chamfered circular truncated cone shape, so that the primary buffer can be still kept in a stable state when being extruded by a large load in the vertical direction. And by increasing the area of the top of the base, when the rubber body is extruded by external force in the vertical direction to deform, the stress area of the rubber body can be increased, the pressure borne by the rubber body is reduced, permanent deformation of the rubber body is prevented, and sinking of the top face of the rubber body is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a series buffer, in particular to a series buffer and a method for preventing the rubber top surface of the series buffer from being concave. Background Art

[0002] Primary shock absorbers, also known as stops, are installed on the bogie frame. Under light loads, the rubber element of a primary shock absorber experiences minimal displacement and deformation, with ample room for deformation (space around the outer ring) to achieve low vertical stiffness, meeting vehicle operating requirements. Under heavy loads, when vertical deformation reaches a certain level, the central rubber layer thins. This is because the protruding portion of the base (the hard stop) obstructs the rubber deformation space, causing the stop's stiffness to increase rapidly with position. As vertical displacement increases, the hard stop contacts the bogie frame, fulfilling its hard stop function.

[0003] However, the contact surface between the upper end of the base and the rubber body of current first-series shock absorbers is small. Furthermore, the top of the base forms a right angle with the side surface, and the top edge of the base is sharp. Under extreme loads, this structure can cause the rubber body to be squeezed and cut by the base, forming dents and significantly reducing performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the defects of the prior art, a series of buffers are produced which can prevent the top of the rubber body from being concave.

[0005] In response to the above problem, the technical solution proposed in the present invention is: a series of buffers that prevent the loaded rubber surface from sinking, including a base, a rubber body and a pin, the pin is connected to the lower end of the base, the rubber body is vulcanized on the outside of the base, and the area of the top of the base is larger than 1 / 3 of the area of the top of the rubber body.

[0006] Preferably, the base includes a boss and a bottom plate, the boss is in a frustum shape, the bottom plate is in a cylindrical shape, and the boss and the bottom plate are integrally formed.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom of the boss is seamlessly connected to the top of the base plate, and the edge of the upper end of the truncated cone-shaped boss is chamfered so that the outer surface of the boss is formed with side surfaces, top surfaces and chamfered surfaces, the top surface is circular, the side surfaces and chamfered surfaces are annular, the upper end of the chamfered surface is seamlessly connected to the top surface, and the lower end of the chamfered surface is seamlessly connected to the side surface.

[0008] Preferably, mounting grooves penetrating the boss in a vertical direction are provided on both sides of the boss, and threaded mounting holes penetrating the mounting grooves are provided on the bottom plate.

[0009] Preferably, the connection between the pin and the lower end of the base means that the pin is a bolt, and after the bolt is tightened into the threaded mounting hole on the base plate, the upper end of the bolt is welded to the top of the base plate.

[0010] Preferably, the area of the top of the base refers to the area of the remaining top surface after deducting the portion of the circular top surface of the boss from the portion of the top surface dug out by the mounting grooves on both sides.

[0011] A method for preventing the loaded rubber surface from sinking is to vulcanize the rubber body on the base. This allows the top of the base to prevent the rubber body from deforming when it is squeezed by an external force in the vertical direction. The area of the top of the base is also increased. This increases the force-bearing area of the rubber body when it is squeezed by an external force in the vertical direction, reduces the pressure on the rubber body, and prevents permanent deformation of the rubber body.

[0012] Preferably, the upper end of the base is configured as a truncated cone-shaped boss, the lower end of the base is configured as a cylindrical bottom plate, and the truncated cone-shaped boss is integrally formed on the cylindrical bottom plate.

[0013] Preferably, the edge of the upper end of the truncated cone-shaped boss is chamfered so that when the rubber body is deformed by an external force in the vertical direction, the top and chamfer of the truncated cone-shaped boss touch the inner side of the rubber body, thereby increasing the force-bearing area of the inner side of the rubber body and avoiding stress concentration on the inner side of the rubber body, thereby further preventing permanent deformation of the rubber body.

[0014] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: by designating the upper end of the base into a chamfered frustum, a series of buffers can remain stable even when subjected to large vertical loads. Furthermore, by increasing the area of the base's top, when the rubber body is deformed by vertical external forces, the force-bearing area of the rubber body is increased, reducing the pressure on the rubber body and preventing permanent deformation. Furthermore, by providing a chamfered structure on the top of the base, the rubber body is protected from sharp edges when pressed against the base top, preventing stress concentration. This further prevents permanent deformation of the rubber body and avoids any dents on the top surface of the rubber body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure after the rubber body is hidden in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of Example 2; In the figure: boss 1, side surface 11, top surface 12, chamfered surface 13, mounting groove 14, bottom plate 15, rubber body 2, pin 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings: Example 1

[0017] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a series of buffers include a base, a rubber body 2 and a pin 3. In this embodiment, the base includes a boss 1 and a base plate 15, and the pin 3 is a bolt. The boss 1 is truncated cone-shaped, and the base plate 15 is cylindrical. The boss 1 and the base plate 15 are integrally formed so that the bottom of the boss 1 and the top of the base plate 15 are seamlessly connected together. Mounting grooves 14 are provided on both sides of the boss 1 and pass through the boss 1 in the vertical direction, and the base plate 15 has a through threaded mounting hole at the mounting groove 14. The bolt passes through the threaded mounting hole on the base plate 15 and is tightened into the threaded mounting hole on the base plate 15. The upper end of the bolt is then welded to the top of the base plate 15 and then vulcanized to the base with rubber. The boss 1 is wrapped by the rubber body 2, and the bottom of the rubber body 2 and the top of the base plate 15 are vulcanized into a whole.

[0018] To prevent the rubber body 2 from being cut by the sharp edge of the base when pressed against the top of the base, and to prevent stress concentration, in this embodiment, the edge of the upper end of the truncated cone-shaped boss 1 is chamfered, so that the outer surface of the boss 1 is formed with a side surface 11, a top surface 12, and a chamfered surface 13. The top surface 12 is circular, and the side surface 11 and the chamfered surface 13 are annular. The upper end of the chamfered surface 13 is seamlessly connected to the top surface 12, and the lower end of the chamfered surface 13 is seamlessly connected to the side surface 11.

[0019] To prevent the loaded rubber surface from denting, specifically the top of the rubber body 2, this embodiment increases the area of the circular top surface 12 of the boss 1. This increases the area of the rubber body 2 that receives the force when the rubber body 2 is deformed by a vertical external force, thereby reducing the pressure on the rubber body 2. This reduces the degree of deformation of the rubber body 2 under heavy loads, preventing permanent deformation of the rubber body 2 and, consequently, preventing a dent in the top surface 12 of the rubber body 2.

[0020] Tests have shown that, after subtracting the portion of the circular top surface 12 removed by the mounting grooves 14 on either side, the remaining area of the top surface 12 is greater than one-third of the area of the top of the rubber body 2. This effectively prevents permanent deformation of the rubber body 2 and prevents any dents on the top surface 12. Furthermore, chamfering the edges of the frustoconical top of the boss 1 eliminates stress concentration at sharp edges, preventing high pressure from the edges of the boss 1 on the rubber body 2 and further preventing permanent deformation of the rubber body 2 and any dents on the top surface 12. Example 2

[0021] like Figure 3As shown, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the pins 3 are not bolts but screws integrally formed on the bottom of the base plate 15. Therefore, this embodiment does not require mounting grooves 14 extending vertically through the boss 1 on both sides of the boss 1, nor does it require threaded mounting holes extending through the base plate 15.

[0022] Obviously, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements or modifications should be considered as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A series of buffers for preventing the loaded rubber surface from being concave, characterized in that: It includes a base, a rubber body and a pin. The pin is connected to the lower end of the base. The rubber body is vulcanized on the outside of the base, and the area of the top of the base is larger than 1 / 3 of the area of the top of the rubber body.

2. A series of buffers for preventing the loaded rubber surface from sinking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base comprises a boss and a bottom plate, the boss is in a truncated cone shape, the bottom plate is in a cylindrical shape, and the boss and the bottom plate are integrally formed.

3. A series of buffers for preventing the loaded rubber surface from sinking according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the boss is seamlessly connected to the top of the base plate, and the edge of the upper end of the truncated cone-shaped boss is chamfered so that the outer surface of the boss is formed with side surfaces, top surfaces and chamfered surfaces. The top surface is circular, and the side surfaces and chamfered surfaces are annular. The upper end of the chamfered surface is seamlessly connected to the top surface, and the lower end of the chamfered surface is seamlessly connected to the side surface.

4. A series of buffers for preventing the loaded rubber surface from sinking according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both sides of the boss are provided with mounting grooves which penetrate the boss in a vertical direction, and the bottom plate is provided with through threaded mounting holes at the mounting grooves.

5. A series of buffers for preventing the loaded rubber surface from sinking according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connection between the pin and the lower end of the base means that the pin is a bolt, and after the bolt is tightened into the threaded mounting hole on the base plate, the upper end of the bolt is welded to the top of the base plate.

6. A series of buffers for preventing the loaded rubber surface from sinking according to claim 5, characterized in that: The area of the top of the base refers to the area of the remaining top surface after deducting the portion of the top surface dug out by the mounting grooves on both sides from the circular top surface of the boss.

7. A method for preventing the loaded rubber surface of a buffer from being dented, characterized in that: By vulcanizing the rubber body on the base, when the rubber body is squeezed and deformed by an external force in the vertical direction, the top of the base can prevent the rubber body from deforming; and the area of the top of the base is increased, so that when the rubber body is squeezed and deformed by an external force in the vertical direction, the force-bearing area of the rubber body can be increased, the pressure on the rubber body can be reduced, and permanent deformation of the rubber body can be prevented.

8. The method for preventing the loaded rubber surface of a first-stage buffer from being dented according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end of the base is set as a truncated cone-shaped boss, the lower end of the base is set as a cylindrical bottom plate, and the truncated cone-shaped boss is integrally formed on the cylindrical bottom plate.

9. The method for preventing the loaded rubber surface of a first-stage buffer from being dented according to claim 8, characterized in that: The edge of the upper end of the truncated cone-shaped boss is chamfered so that when the rubber body is deformed by an external force in the vertical direction, the top and chamfer of the truncated cone-shaped boss touch the inner side of the rubber body. This not only increases the force-bearing area of the inner side of the rubber body, but also avoids stress concentration on the inner side of the rubber body, thereby further preventing permanent deformation of the rubber body.

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