Fuel oil low-nitrogen burner

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of combustors, and discloses a fuel oil low-nitrogen combustor which is characterized in that an annular air duct is fixed to the inner wall of a shell, a plurality of first fuel oil spray guns are fixedly inserted into one side of the annular air duct, and a closing section is arranged at one end of the shell; a central air duct located on the inner side of the annular air duct is arranged on the inner side of the shell, combustion flue gas of the first fuel oil spray gun is induced to enter the inner side of the annular frame through negative pressure generated when media in the closing-up section flow through, recirculating flue gas is mixed with high-speed medium flow in the central air duct, the combustion temperature is reduced, and therefore generation of thermal nitrogen oxide is reduced, and the combustion efficiency is improved. Air entering the center air channel is lower than the air amount needed by combustion of the center fuel oil second spray gun to form an oxygen-deficient state, the air amount of the annular air channel is higher than the air amount needed by combustion of the circumferential first fuel oil spray gun, the combustion flame center is controlled to be in the oxygen-deficient state, generation of nitric oxide is further reduced, and the combustion efficiency is improved. And the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides during the combustion of the fuel oil is reduced, and the low-nitrogen combustion of the fuel oil is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of burners, in particular to a fuel low-nitrogen burner. Background Art

[0002] A burner is a general term for a device that sprays fuel and air in a specific pattern for mixed combustion. Burners are categorized by type and application into industrial burners, combustion engines, civilian burners, and specialty burners. They are often made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials such as stainless steel or titanium. The burner's function is to atomize the sample through flame combustion. The atomized test solution enters the burner and, under the influence of the flame temperature and atmosphere, undergoes drying, melting, evaporation, and dissociation, producing a large number of ground-state atoms, as well as some excited-state atoms, ions, and molecules.

[0003] Existing fuel gun atomization methods primarily include mechanical and pneumatic atomization. Mechanical atomization utilizes a high-pressure system to spray fuel from a nozzle at high speed. During the spraying process, a velocity difference between the fuel and the surrounding air or direct impact with an object creates shear or impact forces, breaking the fuel into fine droplets. Pneumatic atomization utilizes a high-speed airflow to impact a fuel column or film. The powerful energy of the high-speed airflow breaks the fuel column or film into fine droplets.

[0004] Whether using mechanical or pneumatic atomization, liquid fuel is ejected from the fuel spray gun outlet in an umbrella-like structure at a specific angle. These ejected fuel droplets then mix with the combustion-supporting air, leading to a combustion reaction. Traditional fuel spray guns, due to the umbrella-like structure of the fuel, have a high concentration of fuel near the nozzle outlet, resulting in a high-temperature concentration area during the combustion process. In this high-temperature environment, the nitrogen in the fuel reacts violently with the oxygen in the air, generating large amounts of thermal nitrogen oxides. Therefore, the low-nitrogen fuel burner has been proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a low-nitrogen fuel burner to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a low-nitrogen fuel burner, comprising a housing, an annular air duct fixed to the inner wall of the housing, a plurality of first fuel spray guns fixedly inserted into one side of the annular air duct, and a closing section provided at one end of the housing; The inner side of the shell is provided with a central air duct located inside the annular air duct, and a second fuel spray gun is fixedly inserted into one side of the central air duct; An air volume adjustment component is provided on the lower side of the housing, and a mixing component is provided on one side of the second fuel spray gun; The air volume regulating assembly comprises a box body, the outer side of the box body is provided with a circulating smoke inlet end and an air inlet end respectively, the top of the box body is provided with a first air outlet end and a second air outlet end respectively, and the inner walls of the first air outlet end and the second air outlet end are both rotatably connected to a baffle via a rotating shaft; The mixing assembly comprises an annular frame, a through slot is provided on one side of the annular frame, and a plurality of swirl plates are fixed on the inner wall of the through slot.

[0007] Preferably, the above-mentioned: a flame stabilizing disk is fixed on the outer side of the first fuel spray gun, a plurality of through holes are opened on the surface of the flame stabilizing disk, and the inclination angle between the flame stabilizing disk and the shell is 14°-16°.

[0008] Preferably, the first fuel spray gun has a first fuel inlet at one end, and the second fuel outlet is connected to the annular air duct.

[0009] Preferably, the second fuel spray gun is provided with a compressed air inlet and a second oil inlet at one end, and the first air outlet is connected to the central air duct.

[0010] Preferably, the box is fixed to one side of the shell, an actuator is fixed to one side of the box, and an output end of the actuator is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft of the baffle.

[0011] Preferably, the above-mentioned annular frame inner wall is fixed with a plurality of connection blocks, and one side of the connection block is fixed to the outer side of the closing section.

[0012] Preferably, the angle between the swirl plate and the annular frame is 44°-46°, and the swirl plate is used to form a strong swirl mixing field.

[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned embodiment, one end of the closing section is located on the inner side of the annular frame, and the second fuel spray gun is located at the axis of the central air duct.

[0014] Preferably, a negative pressure suction channel is formed between adjacent connecting blocks, and when the medium in the closing section flows through, negative pressure is generated in the negative pressure suction channel, inducing the combustion flue gas of the first fuel injection gun to enter the inner side of the annular frame for mixing.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects: 1. The annular air duct and the central air duct cooperate with the combustion of the first fuel injection gun and the second fuel injection gun respectively, thereby achieving the precise supply of combustion-supporting air and improving the mixing effect of fuel and combustion-supporting air. By introducing low-oxygen circulating flue gas at the circulating flue gas inlet end and combustion-supporting air at the air inlet end, and by adjusting the damper opening, the combustion-supporting air volume entering the annular air duct and the central air duct can be accurately controlled, realizing the oxygen concentration adjustment in the combustion area, further optimizing the combustion process, and thus improving combustion efficiency.

[0016] Second, the negative pressure generated by the flow of the medium through the closing section induces the combustion flue gas of the first fuel injection gun to enter the inner side of the annular frame. The recirculated flue gas mixes with the high-speed medium flow in the central air duct, lowering the combustion temperature and thus reducing the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides. The air entering the central air duct is lower than the air volume required for the combustion of the second central fuel injection gun, forming an oxygen-deficient state, and the air volume in the annular air duct is higher than the air volume required for the combustion of the first fuel injection gun in the surrounding area. The center of the combustion flame is controlled to be in an oxygen-deficient state, further reducing the generation of nitrogen oxides and the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides during fuel combustion, thereby achieving low-nitrogen combustion of the fuel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the swirl plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the angle structure of the flame stabilizing disk of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Shell; 2. Central air duct; 3. First fuel spray gun; 31. First oil inlet end; 32. Flame stabilizing disk; 33. Through hole; 4. Second fuel spray gun; 41. Compressed air inlet end; 42. Second oil inlet end; 5. Air volume adjustment component; 51. Circulating flue gas inlet end; 52. Air inlet end; 53. Baffle; 54. Actuator; 55. First air outlet end; 56. Second air outlet end; 57. Box; 6. Mixing component; 61. Swirl plate; 62. Connecting block; 63. Through groove; 64. Annular frame; 7. Annular air duct; 8. Closing section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the efficacy and purpose that can be achieved by this application. Example

[0022] See also Figure 1-4 The present invention provides a technical solution: a fuel low-nitrogen burner, comprising a shell 1, an annular air duct 7 is fixed to the inner wall of the shell 1, a plurality of first fuel spray guns 3 are fixedly inserted on one side of the annular air duct 7, the first fuel spray guns 3 are evenly distributed along the annular air duct 7, and the fuel is sprayed into the peripheral combustion zone by mechanical atomization, and a closing section 8 is provided at one end of the shell 1; a central air duct 2 is provided on the inner side of the shell 1, which is located inside the annular air duct 7, and a second fuel spray gun 4 is fixedly inserted on one side of the central air duct 2; the second fuel spray gun 4 is located at the axis of the central air duct 2, and the fuel is sprayed into the central combustion zone by compressed air atomization, the first fuel spray gun 3 and the second fuel spray gun 4 are respectively responsible for different combustion areas, realizing the staged input of fuel, which helps to more precisely control the combustion process and improve the combustion effect. An air volume adjustment component 5 is provided on the lower side of the shell 1, and a mixing component 6 is provided on one side of the second fuel spray gun 4; A flame stabilizing disk 32 is fixed to the outside of the first fuel spray gun 3, and a plurality of through holes 33 are provided on the surface of the flame stabilizing disk 32. The inclination angle between the flame stabilizing disk 32 and the shell 1 is 15°. The through holes 33 are provided on the surface of the flame stabilizing disk 32 to form a stable single flame, which effectively prevents the flame from being extinguished and enhances the stability of combustion. The distribution of multiple first fuel spray guns 3 reduces the concentration of the fuel flame and the local high-temperature area of the flame, which helps to reduce the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides and extend the service life of the burner. The annular air duct 7 is located on the inner wall of the shell 1 and provides combustion-supporting air to the first fuel spray gun 3. The number of first fuel spray guns 3 is preferably four.

[0023] The air volume regulating component 5 includes a box body 57, and a circulating flue gas inlet end 51 and an air inlet end 52 are respectively provided on the outside of the box body 57. The circulating flue gas inlet end 51 introduces low-oxygen circulating flue gas to reduce the combustion temperature and oxygen concentration. The air inlet end 52 introduces combustion-supporting air, which is mixed with the flue gas and then distributed to the annular air duct 7 and the central air duct 2. The top of the box body 57 is respectively provided with a first air outlet end 55 and a second air outlet end 56. The inner walls of the first air outlet end 55 and the second air outlet end 56 are rotatably connected to a baffle 53 through a rotating shaft; the opening of the baffle 53 is adjusted by the actuator 54 to control the amount of mixed gas entering the annular air duct 7 and the central air duct 2, thereby realizing the oxygen concentration adjustment of the combustion area.

[0024] The box body 57 is fixed to one side of the housing 1 . An actuator 54 is fixed to one side of the box body 57 . Two actuators 54 are installed. The output end of the actuator 54 is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft of the baffle 53 .

[0025] One end of the first fuel spray gun 3 is provided with a first oil inlet end 31, and the second air outlet end 56 is connected to the annular air duct 7. One end of the second fuel spray gun 4 is respectively provided with a compressed air inlet end 41 and a second oil inlet end 42, and the first air outlet end 55 is connected to the central air duct 2. The fuel enters through the second oil inlet end 42, and the compressed air enters through the compressed air inlet end 41, forming a high-speed medium flow and generating a strong swirling mixing field, which further strengthens the mixing of the fuel and the combustion-supporting air and improves the combustion efficiency.

[0026] The mixing assembly 6 includes an annular frame 64, a through groove 63 is opened on one side of the annular frame 64, a number of swirl plates 61 are fixed to the inner wall of the through groove 63, a number of connecting blocks 62 are fixed to the inner wall of the annular frame 64, one side of the connecting block 62 is fixed to the outside of the closing section 8, the angle between the swirl plate 61 and the annular frame 64 is 45°, the swirl plate 61 is used to form a strong swirl mixing field, the swirl plate 61 forms a strong swirl mixing field, strengthens the mixing of fuel and combustion-supporting air, improves combustion efficiency, and reduces the generation of incomplete combustion products.

[0027] One end of the closing section 8 is located on the inner side of the annular frame 64, the second fuel injection gun 4 is located at the axis of the central air duct 2, and a negative pressure suction channel is formed between adjacent connecting blocks 62. When the medium in the closing section 8 flows through, negative pressure is generated in the negative pressure suction channel, inducing the combustion flue gas of the first fuel injection gun 3 to enter the inner side of the annular frame 64 for mixing.

[0028] Working Principle: The annular air duct 7 is located on the inner wall of the housing 1, and combustion-supporting air is introduced through the second air outlet 56 of the air volume regulating assembly 5 to coordinate the combustion of the first fuel injection gun 3. The central air duct 2 is located inside the annular air duct 7, and combustion-supporting air is introduced through the first air outlet 55 of the air volume regulating assembly 5 to coordinate the combustion of the second fuel injection gun 4. The first fuel spray gun 3 is fixed to one side of the annular air duct 7 and forms fine droplets through mechanical atomization, which are mixed with the combustion-supporting air in the annular air duct 7 and burned. The second fuel spray gun 4 is located at the axis of the central air duct 2 and uses compressed air to atomize the fuel to form a high-speed medium flow, which is mixed with the combustion-supporting air in the central air duct 2. The circulating flue gas inlet 51 introduces low-oxygen circulating flue gas, and the air inlet 52 introduces combustion-supporting air. By adjusting the opening of the baffle 53, the amount of combustion-supporting air entering the annular air duct 7 and the central air duct 2 is controlled to achieve oxygen concentration regulation in the combustion area. A channel is formed between adjacent connecting blocks 62. When the medium in the closing section 8 flows through, negative pressure is generated, inducing the combustion flue gas of the first fuel injection gun 3 to enter the inner side of the annular frame 64. The recycled flue gas mixes with the high-speed medium flow in the central air duct 2, lowering the combustion temperature and reducing the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides. The through holes 33 are provided on the surface of the flame stabilizing disk 32 to form a stable single flame and prevent the flame from being extinguished. Fuel enters through the second oil inlet end 42, and compressed air enters through the compressed air inlet end 41, forming a high-speed medium flow and a strong swirling mixing field, which strengthens the mixing of fuel and combustion-supporting air and improves combustion efficiency. The first fuel injection gun 3 and the second fuel injection gun 4 are respectively responsible for different combustion areas, realizing staged fuel injection. Through the control of the air volume regulating component 5, the air entering the central air duct 2 is lower than the air volume required for combustion of the central second fuel spray gun 4, forming an oxygen-deficient state. The air volume of the annular air duct 7 is higher than the air volume required for combustion of the surrounding first fuel spray guns 3, so that the center of the combustion flame is controlled to be in an oxygen-deficient state. The concentration of the fuel flame is reduced by distributing multiple first fuel spray guns 3, and the local high-temperature area of the flame is reduced. At the same time, the internal circulation of the flue gas and the low nitrogen content of the external circulation of the flue gas are fully utilized to reduce the oxygen partial pressure of the combustion-supporting air at the burner nozzle, greatly reduce the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides when burning fuel, and achieve low-nitrogen combustion of fuel.

[0029] In summary, by cooperating with the combustion of the first fuel spray gun 3 and the second fuel spray gun 4 in the annular air duct 7 and the central air duct 2 respectively, the precise supply of combustion-supporting air is achieved, and the mixing effect of the fuel and combustion-supporting air is improved. The circulating flue gas inlet end 51 is used to introduce low-oxygen circulating flue gas, and the air inlet end 52 is used to introduce combustion-supporting air. By adjusting the opening of the baffle 53, the amount of combustion-supporting air entering the annular air duct 7 and the central air duct 2 can be accurately controlled, the oxygen concentration in the combustion area can be adjusted, and the combustion process is further optimized, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

[0030] The negative pressure generated by the medium flowing through the closing section 8 induces the combustion flue gas of the first fuel injection gun 3 to enter the inner side of the annular frame 64. The recirculated flue gas mixes with the high-speed medium flow in the central air duct 2, lowering the combustion temperature and thus reducing the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides. The air entering the central air duct 2 is lower than the air volume required for the combustion of the central second fuel injection gun 4, forming an oxygen-deficient state. The air volume in the annular air duct 7 is higher than the air volume required for the combustion of the surrounding first fuel injection guns 3. This controls the center of the combustion flame to be in an oxygen-deficient state, further reducing the generation of nitrogen oxides and the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides during fuel combustion, thereby achieving low-nitrogen combustion of the fuel.

[0031] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various combinations and / or combinations of features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention may be made, even if such combinations and / or combinations are not explicitly described in the present invention. In particular, various combinations and / or combinations of features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention may be made, without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present invention. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel low nitrogen burner, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: An annular air duct (7) is fixed on the inner wall of the shell (1), a plurality of first fuel spray guns (3) are fixedly inserted into one side of the annular air duct (7), and a closing section (8) is provided at one end of the shell (1); A central air duct (2) located inside the annular air duct (7) is provided on the inner side of the shell (1), and a second fuel spray gun (4) is fixedly inserted into one side of the central air duct (2); An air volume adjustment component (5) is provided on the lower side of the housing (1), and a mixing component (6) is provided on one side of the second fuel spray gun (4); The air volume regulating assembly (5) comprises a box body (57), the outer side of the box body (57) is provided with a circulating smoke inlet end (51) and an air inlet end (52), the top of the box body (57) is provided with a first air outlet end (55) and a second air outlet end (56), and the inner walls of the first air outlet end (55) and the second air outlet end (56) are both rotatably connected to a baffle (53) via a rotating shaft; The mixing assembly (6) comprises an annular frame (64), a through slot (63) is provided on one side of the annular frame (64), and a plurality of swirl plates (61) are fixed to the inner wall of the through slot (63).

2. The low-nitrogen fuel burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flame stabilizing disc (32) is fixed on the outside of the first fuel spray gun (3), a surface of the flame stabilizing disc (32) is provided with a plurality of through holes (33), and an inclination angle between the flame stabilizing disc (32) and the housing (1) is 14°-16°.

3. The low-nitrogen fuel burner according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the first fuel spray gun (3) is provided with a first fuel inlet end (31), and the second gas outlet end (56) is connected to the annular air duct (7).

4. The low-nitrogen fuel burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the second fuel spray gun (4) is provided with a compressed air inlet end (41) and a second oil inlet end (42), and the first air outlet end (55) is connected to the central air duct (2).

5. The low-nitrogen fuel burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body (57) is fixed to one side of the housing (1), and an actuator (54) is fixed to one side of the box body (57), and an output end of the actuator (54) is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft of the baffle (53).

6. The low-nitrogen fuel burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of connecting blocks (62) are fixed to the inner wall of the annular frame (64), and one side of the connecting block (62) is fixed to the outer side of the closing section (8).

7. The low-nitrogen fuel burner according to claim 6, characterized in that: The included angle between the swirl sheet (61) and the annular frame (64) is 44°-46°, and the swirl sheet (61) is used to form a strong swirl mixing field.

8. The low-nitrogen fuel burner according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the closing section (8) is located on the inner side of the annular frame (64), and the second fuel spray gun (4) is located at the axis of the central air duct (2).

9. The low-nitrogen fuel burner according to claim 6, characterized in that: Negative pressure suction channels are formed between adjacent connecting blocks (62). When the medium in the closing section (8) flows through, negative pressure is generated in the negative pressure suction channel, inducing the combustion flue gas of the first fuel injection gun (3) to enter the inner side of the annular frame (64) for mixing.

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