Real-time monitoring test device and method for laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and gas

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of clean and efficient utilization and green low-carbon development of oil-rich coal resources, and discloses a laser pyrolysis oil-rich coal and gas real-time monitoring test device and method, and a coal sample is placed in a laser pyrolysis reaction bin; the input end of the laser pyrolytic reaction bin is connected with the output end of the gas carrying system, and the output end of the laser pyrolytic reaction bin is connected with the input end of the gas component analysis instrument; the input end and the output end of the laser pyrolysis reaction bin are each provided with a heating unit, and the gas control and detection assemblies are arranged at the input end and the output end of the laser pyrolysis reaction bin correspondingly. The signal input end of the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction bin; the components of gas products generated in the pyrolysis process can be analyzed in real time through the gas component analysis instrument; and guidance is provided for predicting gas components generated by coal pyrolysis in different temperature environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of clean and efficient utilization and green and low-carbon development of oil-rich coal resources, and specifically to a laser pyrolysis test device and method for oil-rich coal and real-time gas monitoring. Background Art

[0002] Retrieving scarce oil and gas resources through pyrolysis of oil-rich coal is an effective means of clean coal utilization. While traditional oil-rich coal pyrolysis technology is highly mature and safe, it suffers from relatively low heating efficiency, slow heating rates, and poor temperature controllability. Coals of different ranks produce varying yields of pyrolysis products at varying temperatures, heating rates, pressures, and gas conditions. VCSEL (tunable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser) is a heating technology capable of achieving variable temperatures and heating rates. It uses a laser beam of selective wavelength to heat oil-rich coal over a large area, achieving rapid heating and precise temperature control. This technology provides valuable guidance for the processing and utilization of oil-rich coal and holds broad prospects for both theoretical research and engineering applications.

[0003] The laser ultrasonic testing system is a non-destructive, non-contact method for inspecting an object's internal structure. Suitable for use in complex environments such as high temperature and high pressure, it can detect an object's thickness, density, mechanical properties, acoustic properties, and internal structure. Currently, laser ultrasonic technology is widely used in the oil and gas sector. Laser ultrasonic testing technology can reveal the anisotropic changes in oil-rich coal during pyrolysis, monitor the anisotropic changes in oil-rich coal in real time, explore the relationship between laser rapid pyrolysis and coal anisotropy, reveal the mechanism by which laser pyrolysis affects coal, and evaluate the impact of coal anisotropy on pyrolysis.

[0004] Furthermore, the high-temperature microscopy system can effectively observe the melting of oil-rich coal within the laser irradiation area, revealing the differences in the characteristics of oil-rich coal after rapid heating, and thus assessing the coal damage. This technology can reveal the evolution and mechanism of coal microscopic characteristics under different temperature and pressure conditions during laser pyrolysis, and evaluate the coal melting effect in real time, providing guidance for analyzing the phase transition patterns during the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal.

[0005] At the same time, the device can be connected to a gas component analysis system to conduct real-time analysis of the gas components produced by the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, evaluate the pyrolysis effect in real time, provide guidance for the pyrolysis process of coal, and ensure the efficiency and effect of the pyrolysis process of oil-rich coal.

[0006] Due to the harsh environmental constraints of high temperature and pressure during the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, real-time monitoring of its petrographic characteristics during the pyrolysis process is difficult. Existing technologies have mostly focused on characterizing coal after pyrolysis stops and cooling, as well as changes in its anisotropic properties. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a device and method for monitoring the rapid, high-temperature pyrolysis and characteristics of oil-rich coal, based on the principles of the coal pyrolysis reaction. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and gas real-time monitoring test device and method to solve the technical problem of how to achieve real-time monitoring of the pyrolysis process of oil-rich coal.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and real-time gas monitoring test device, comprising a laser pyrolysis reaction chamber, a gas delivery system, a gas control and detection component, a gas component analysis instrument, a laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group, and a real-time intelligent centralized control and display device; A coal sample is placed in the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber; the input end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber is connected to the output end of the gas carrier system, and the output end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber is connected to the input end of the gas component analysis instrument; the input end and the output end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber are both provided with a heating unit, and the gas control and detection components are respectively provided at the input end and the output end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber; The signal input end of the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber; the signal output end of the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group, the gas control detection component and the signal output end of the gas component analysis instrument are respectively connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device, and the signal output end of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device is connected to the gas transport system.

[0009] Preferably, the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber includes a reaction chamber body, wherein the reaction chamber body is provided with an oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber and a signal chamber; The signal chamber is mounted on the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber by screws, and high-temperature resistant quartz glass is provided between the signal chamber and the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber, and high-temperature resistant reflective layers are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the signal chamber; The input end of the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber is provided with an air inlet pipeline, which is connected to the output end of the gas carrier system; the output end of the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber is provided with an air outlet pipeline, which is connected to the input end of the gas component analysis instrument; A sample table is provided in the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber, and the coal sample is placed on the sample table; The signal input end of the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group is connected to the signal chamber and is aimed at the coal sample through high-temperature resistant quartz glass.

[0010] Furthermore, the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline are respectively arranged on both sides of the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber, and the sample table is arranged in the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber and between the air inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline.

[0011] Further, the heating unit includes a first heating device and a second heating device; The first heating device is arranged on the air inlet pipe, and the second heating device is arranged on the air outlet pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the gas control and detection assembly includes an intake gas control unit and an exhaust gas control unit; The intake gas control unit includes an intake valve and an intake differential pressure flowmeter; the intake valve and the intake differential pressure flowmeter are sequentially arranged on the intake pipe along the gas flow direction; The outlet gas control unit includes an outlet differential pressure flow meter and an outlet valve; The outlet differential pressure flowmeter and the outlet valve are sequentially arranged on the outlet pipeline along the gas flow direction; The signal output ends of the air inlet differential pressure flowmeter and the air outlet differential pressure flowmeter are connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device.

[0013] Preferably, the gas delivery system comprises a carrier gas bottle and a gas pressurizing device; The output end of the carrier gas bottle is connected to the input end of the gas pressurizing device, and the output end of the gas pressurizing device is connected to the input end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber; The signal output end of the gas pressurizing device is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device.

[0014] Preferably, the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group includes a laser regulator, an infrared temperature measurement and analysis instrument, a microscope analysis instrument and an ultrasonic analysis instrument; The input end of the laser regulator is divided into two branches, and the two branches are respectively connected to the heating laser emitter; the heating laser emitter is used to emit laser to heat the coal sample in the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber; the signal output end of the laser regulator is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control display device; The input end of the infrared temperature measurement and analysis instrument is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber through an infrared temperature sensor; the signal output end of the infrared temperature measurement and analysis instrument is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device; The input end of the microscope analysis instrument is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber through a high-temperature digital microscope head; the signal output end of the microscope analysis instrument is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control display device; The input end of the ultrasonic analysis instrument is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber through a laser ultrasonic receiver; the signal output end of the ultrasonic analysis instrument is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control display device.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a high-temperature air pressure monitoring meter, the input end of which is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber through a high-temperature air pressure sensor; the output end of the high-temperature air pressure monitoring meter is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device.

[0016] Preferably, a controller is provided in the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device; The input end of the controller is connected to the signal receiving module, and the input end of the signal receiving module is respectively connected to the signal output end of the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group, the gas control detection component and the signal output end of the gas component analysis instrument; The output end of the controller is connected to a signal sending module, and the output end of the signal sending module is connected to a gas carrying system.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and real-time gas monitoring test method, based on the above-mentioned laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and real-time gas monitoring test device, including the following process: A coal sample is placed in a laser pyrolysis reaction chamber, and the gas carrier system is started to allow the gas to penetrate the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber. The input and output ends of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber respectively maintain the gas temperature through heating units. At the same time, the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group quickly heats the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber, and then the temperature, air pressure, microscopic image and ultrasonic signal in the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber are received by the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group and fed back to the real-time intelligent centralized control display device; the real-time intelligent centralized control display device draws the change curves of temperature, air pressure, and ultrasonic wave in real time, and observes and records the pyrolysis process through microscopic images; the gas component analyzer receives the gas discharged from the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber for detection, and sends the detection results to the real-time intelligent centralized control display device, which generates relevant reports based on the original data such as temperature, air pressure, ultrasonic wave, digital microscopic image, gas flow and component during the pyrolysis process.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention provides a laser pyrolysis test device for oil-rich coal and real-time gas monitoring. Through a gas control detection component and a laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group, the device enables real-time monitoring of the heat generation location and temperature distribution during the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal, revealing the temperature conduction process during the pyrolysis process. The device also observes the microscopic components of the oil-rich coal during the pyrolysis process, providing real-time insights into the changes in color, composition, morphology, and other aspects of the coal during pyrolysis, and providing a dynamic basis for evaluating the physical properties of the coal pyrolysis process. A gas component analyzer can be used to analyze the components of the gas products produced during the pyrolysis process in real time, providing guidance for predicting the gas components produced by coal pyrolysis under different temperature environments. By changing the carrier gas components during the pyrolysis process through a gas carrier system, the effects of different gas environments on the coal pyrolysis effect are revealed, providing guidance for predicting the pyrolysis effect under different gas environments.

[0019] Furthermore, the reaction chamber integrates an oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber and a signal chamber, enabling independent operation and coordinated coordination of the pyrolysis reaction and signal detection, thereby improving the equipment's integration and ease of operation. The combination of high-temperature resistant quartz glass and a high-temperature resistant reflective layer effectively resists the high-temperature environment generated by the pyrolysis reaction, ensuring the accuracy of signal detection and the life of the equipment. The high-temperature resistant reflective layer reduces the interference of thermal radiation on the signal chamber, improving the clarity and stability of the detection signal, and increasing the efficiency of the heating laser. The air inlet and outlet pipes ensure the stability and controllability of the gas flow, and the sample stage provides stable support for the coal sample, ensuring uniform heating and sufficient reaction of the sample during the pyrolysis process.

[0020] Furthermore, the air inlet and outlet pipes are arranged relative to each other to form a convection gas path, so that the pyrolysis gas flows evenly in the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber, avoiding dead corners or local retention of gas flow, ensuring that the pyrolysis gas flows quickly into the gas analysis device, and improving the accuracy of gas analysis.

[0021] Furthermore, the gas is preheated before entering the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber. The pyrolysis gas may condense in the outlet pipe due to a drop in temperature, leading to pipe blockage or changes in gas composition. The second heating device maintains the gas temperature to prevent condensation.

[0022] Furthermore, by adjusting the openings of the inlet and outlet valves, the gas flow rates entering and exiting the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber can be precisely controlled, ensuring the pyrolysis reaction proceeds at the optimal gas flow rate. Based on the differential pressure principle, the differential pressure flowmeter accurately measures gas flow rates in the inlet and outlet pipes in real time, ensuring data accuracy.

[0023] Furthermore, the carrier gas cylinder provides high-purity inert gas, ensuring that the pyrolysis reaction proceeds in an oxygen-free environment. This allows for testing the effects of different inert gases on the products of laser pyrolysis coal, while also reducing the interference of impurity gases on the pyrolysis reaction and improving the accuracy of experimental results. The gas pressurization device regulates the output pressure to ensure that the carrier gas enters the laser pyrolysis chamber at a constant pressure, maintaining the stability of the pyrolysis process. Combined with the adjustable function of the inlet valve, the gas flow entering the laser pyrolysis chamber can be precisely controlled to optimize pyrolysis conditions.

[0024] Furthermore, the laser regulator heats the laser emitter through two branches, emitting laser beams from both sides of the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber to achieve symmetrical laser heating. The output signal of the laser regulator is connected to a real-time intelligent centralized control and display device for real-time display and recording of the laser adjustment status. The infrared temperature measurement and analysis instrument monitors the temperature distribution of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber in real time through an infrared temperature sensor. The temperature measurement data is transmitted to the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device to visualize the temperature data. The microscope analysis instrument observes the microstructure inside the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber in real time through a high-temperature digital microscope head. The microscopic image is transmitted to the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device to facilitate the operator to analyze the morphological changes of the pyrolysis products. The ultrasonic analysis instrument detects the ultrasonic signal inside the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber through a laser ultrasonic receiver and analyzes the acoustic characteristics of the pyrolysis process. The ultrasonic data is transmitted to the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device for acoustic diagnosis of the pyrolysis process.

[0025] Furthermore, by monitoring the changes in air pressure in the reaction chamber during laser irradiation using a high-temperature air pressure monitoring meter, we can explore the law of air pressure change amplitude during coal pyrolysis, reveal the impact of the pyrolysis process on air pressure, and provide guidance for predicting the gas production generated by coal pyrolysis.

[0026] Furthermore, it receives signals from the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group, the gas control detection component, and the gas composition analysis instrument. Through the signal transmission module, it can achieve precise control of the gas delivery system and ensure the accurate execution of experimental parameters.

[0027] The present invention also provides a real-time monitoring test method for laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and gas. The laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group monitors the temperature, air pressure and ultrasonic signals in the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber in real time, comprehensively grasps the dynamic changes of the pyrolysis process, and uses a microscope analysis instrument to record the microstructural changes during the pyrolysis process, providing intuitive evidence for mechanism research. The gas component analysis instrument detects the exhaust gas to ensure accurate component analysis of the pyrolysis products. After receiving multi-source signals, the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device draws the temperature, air pressure and ultrasonic change curves in real time, and observes the pyrolysis process through microscopic images. The operator can adjust the pyrolysis parameters in time according to the real-time data and optimize the experimental conditions. The laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group not only monitors the temperature, but also participates in the rapid heating process to ensure that the pyrolysis reaction is carried out within the optimal temperature range and improve the pyrolysis efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a test device for laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and real-time gas monitoring in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a reaction chamber in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the control principle of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device in an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1. Reaction chamber; 11. First heating device; 12. Second heating device; 13. Air inlet pipe; 14. Air outlet pipe; 15. Coal sample; 16. Sample stage; 17. High-temperature resistant quartz glass; 18. High-temperature resistant reflective layer; 19. Screws; 2. Carrier gas bottle; 21. Gas pressurizing device; 22. Inlet valve; 23. Inlet differential pressure flowmeter; 24. Outlet differential pressure flowmeter; 25. Outlet valve; 3. Gas composition analysis instrument; 4. Laser regulator; 41. Heating laser emitter; 5. Infrared temperature measurement and analysis instrument; 51. Infrared temperature sensor; 6. Microscope analysis instrument; 61. High temperature digital microscope head; 7. Ultrasonic analysis instrument; 71. Laser ultrasonic receiver; 8. High temperature air pressure monitoring meter; 81. High temperature air pressure sensor; 9. Real-time intelligent centralized control and display device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and gas real-time monitoring test device and method to solve the technical problem of how to achieve real-time monitoring of the pyrolysis process of oil-rich coal.

[0031] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Example 1 See also Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, a laser pyrolysis oil-rich coal and gas real-time monitoring test device is provided, comprising a laser pyrolysis reaction chamber, a gas carrier system, a gas control and detection component, a gas component analyzer 3, a laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group, and a real-time intelligent centralized control and display device 9; a coal sample 15 is placed in the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber; the input end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber is connected to the output end of the gas carrier system, and the output end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber is connected to the input end of the gas component analyzer 3; the input and output ends of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber are both provided with heating units, and the gas control and detection component is respectively arranged at the input and output ends of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber; the signal input end of the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber; the signal output end of the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group, the gas control and detection component, and the signal output end of the gas component analyzer 3 are respectively connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device 9, and the signal output end of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device 9 is connected to the gas carrier system.

[0032] Specifically, according to Figure 2As shown, the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber includes a reaction chamber body 1, in which an oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber and a signal chamber are provided; the signal chamber is set on the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber by screws 19, and a high-temperature resistant quartz glass 17 is provided between the signal chamber and the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber, and high-temperature resistant reflective layers 18 are provided on the inner walls of both sides of the signal chamber; the input end of the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber is provided with an air inlet pipe 13, and the air inlet pipe 13 is connected to the output end of the gas carrier system, and the output end of the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber is provided with an air outlet pipe 14, and the air outlet pipe 14 is connected to the input end of the gas component analyzer 3; a sample table 16 is provided in the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber, and the coal sample 15 is placed on the sample table 16; the signal input end of the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group is connected to the signal chamber and is aligned with the coal sample 15 through the high-temperature resistant quartz glass 17.

[0033] The air inlet pipe 13 and the air outlet pipe 14 are respectively arranged on both sides of the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber. The sample platform 16 is arranged in the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber and between the air inlet pipe 13 and the air outlet pipe 14.

[0034] The heating unit includes a first heating device 11 and a second heating device 12 ; the first heating device 11 is arranged in an air inlet pipe 13 , and the second heating device 12 is arranged in an air outlet pipe 14 .

[0035] Specifically, the gas control detection component includes an intake gas control unit and an exhaust gas control unit; the intake gas control unit includes an intake valve 22 and an intake differential pressure flowmeter 23; the intake valve 22 and the intake differential pressure flowmeter 23 are arranged in sequence on the intake pipe 13 along the gas flow direction; the exhaust gas control unit includes an outlet differential pressure flowmeter 24 and an outlet valve 25; the outlet differential pressure flowmeter 24 and the outlet valve 25 are arranged in sequence on the outlet pipe 14 along the gas flow direction; the signal output ends of the intake differential pressure flowmeter 23 and the outlet differential pressure flowmeter 24 are connected to the signal input ends of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device 9.

[0036] Specifically, the gas carrying system includes a carrier gas bottle 2 and a gas pressurizing device 21; the output end of the carrier gas bottle 2 is connected to the input end of the gas pressurizing device 21, and the output end of the gas pressurizing device 21 is connected to the input end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber; the signal output end of the gas pressurizing device 21 is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device 9.

[0037] Specifically, the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group includes a laser regulator 4, an infrared temperature measurement and analysis instrument 5, a microscope analysis instrument 6, and an ultrasonic analysis instrument 7. The input end of the laser regulator 4 is divided into two branches, and the two branches are respectively connected to the two sides of the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber through a heating laser emitter 41. The signal output end of the laser regulator 4 is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device 9. The input end of the infrared temperature measurement and analysis instrument 5 is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber through an infrared temperature sensor 51. The signal output end of the infrared temperature measurement and analysis instrument 5 is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device 9. The input end of the microscope analysis instrument 6 is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber through a high-temperature digital microscope head 61. The signal output end of the microscope analysis instrument 6 is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device 9. The input end of the ultrasonic analysis instrument 7 is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber through a laser ultrasonic receiver 71. The signal output end of the ultrasonic analysis instrument 7 is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device 9.

[0038] This embodiment also includes a high-temperature air pressure monitoring meter 8, the input end of which is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber through a high-temperature air pressure sensor 81; the output end of the high-temperature air pressure monitoring meter 8 is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control display device 9.

[0039] Specifically, according to Figure 3 As shown, a controller is provided in the real-time intelligent centralized control display device 9; the input end of the controller is connected to the signal receiving module, and the input end of the signal receiving module is respectively connected to the signal output end of the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group, the gas control detection component and the signal output end of the gas component analyzer 3; the output end of the controller is connected to the signal sending module, and the output end of the signal sending module is connected to the gas carrier system.

[0040] The laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and real-time gas monitoring test device provided in this embodiment can not only monitor and analyze the temperature distribution, microscopic component characteristics, rock anisotropy, gas components after pyrolysis, and gas pressure changes in the reaction chamber during the pyrolysis process of oil-rich coal in real time, but also simulate the process of laser pyrolysis of coal under different temperatures and atmospheres.

[0041] To monitor the coal laser pyrolysis process, an infrared temperature sensor 51, a high-temperature digital microscope 61, and a laser ultrasonic receiver 71 are installed at the center of the reactor chamber 1. Heating laser emitters 41 are located around these sensors, and a high-temperature gas pressure sensor 81 is installed within the chamber. To prevent pyrolysis gases from condensing and adhering to the inner walls of the chamber and the gas pipe, two heating devices are installed in the inlet and outlet pipes 13 and 14, respectively, to maintain the temperature of the gases in the system. The inlet pipe 13 is connected to the carrier gas bottle 2, the gas pressurization device 21, and the inlet differential pressure flowmeter 23, while the outlet pipe 14 is connected to the gas composition analysis system 3. The coal sample 15 is placed on a high-temperature quartz sample stage 16. A real-time intelligent centralized control and display device 9 is connected to the laser regulator 4, the infrared temperature analyzer 5, the digital microscope analyzer 6, the ultrasonic analyzer 7, the high-temperature gas pressure monitoring meter 8, and the gas composition analyzer 3, respectively, to collect, summarize, display, and analyze the various signals generated in real time.

[0042] The experimental device for laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and real-time gas monitoring provided in this embodiment uses a vertical cavity heating laser emitter to rapidly increase the temperature over a large area, enabling large-scale rapid laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal. This provides a new possibility for the clean and efficient utilization of oil-rich coal resources and green, low-carbon development. Temperature monitoring using an infrared temperature sensor reveals the dynamic heating and heat conduction processes of the oil-rich coal and assesses its sensitivity to temperature conduction changes. Real-time monitoring of pressure changes and gas flow rates within the reaction chamber using a pressure sensor and a differential pressure flowmeter quantifies the gas components produced during laser pyrolysis, enabling real-time assessment of pyrolysis conversion effects. Digital microscopy observes the characterization of the oil-rich coal, revealing how its characteristic components change at different temperatures during laser pyrolysis. This allows for a series of experiments to investigate the effects of different temperatures on pyrolysis performance, providing guidance for predicting pyrolysis performance at different temperatures. By varying the atmosphere within the reaction chamber using a gas delivery system, a series of experiments on laser pyrolysis performance under different gas environments can be conducted, providing guidance for predicting the yield, gas products, and coking rate of oil-rich coal pyrolysis under different atmospheres. The anisotropy of oil-rich coal during pyrolysis is non-destructively detected by a laser ultrasonic detection system, revealing the dynamic changes in anisotropic characteristics such as the physical and mechanical properties of coal during laser pyrolysis, providing guidance for revealing the relationship between different characteristics of coal and the laser pyrolysis effect.

[0043] Example 2 The present invention provides a laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and real-time monitoring of gas test method, based on the above-mentioned laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and real-time monitoring of gas test device, including the following process: A coal sample 15 is placed on the sample stage 16 of the reaction chamber 1. According to experimental requirements, the carrier gas bottle 2, inlet valve 22, and outlet valve 25 are opened, allowing carrier gas to flow in and out through the inlet pipe 13 and outlet pipe 14. Simultaneously, the inlet differential pressure flowmeter 23, outlet differential pressure flowmeter 24, infrared temperature sensor 51, high-temperature digital microscope 61, laser ultrasonic receiver 71, high-temperature air pressure sensor 81, and gas component analyzer 3 are activated to monitor the temperature, pressure, ultrasonic data of the sample, carrier gas flow rate, and gas component analysis data within the reaction chamber in real time. The temperature and flow rate of the carrier gas entering the reaction chamber are set based on the data transmitted by the inlet differential pressure flowmeter 23, outlet differential pressure flowmeter 24, infrared temperature sensor 51, and inlet differential pressure flowmeter 23 and outlet differential pressure flowmeter 24. The sample status within the reaction chamber is monitored via the real-time intelligent centralized control display device 9, and the heating laser emitter 41 is activated via the laser regulator 4. The coal sample 15 heats up rapidly under the action of the laser, causing changes in the temperature, air pressure, and sample characteristics in the reaction chamber. In addition, the temperature, air pressure, microscopic image, and ultrasonic signals are directly transmitted to the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device 9 through their respective mediation instruments. The real-time intelligent centralized control and display device 9 plots the temperature, air pressure, and ultrasonic curves in real time. Digital microscopic image data is transmitted to the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device 9 in real time to observe and record the laser pyrolysis process. The gas generated by laser pyrolysis is discharged through the gas outlet pipe 14 and connected to the gas component analyzer 3 for analysis. A relevant report is generated by combining the original data such as temperature, air pressure, ultrasonic wave, digital microscopic image, gas flow rate, and composition during the laser pyrolysis process.

[0044] The present invention provides a real-time monitoring test method for laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and gas. The laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group monitors the temperature, air pressure and ultrasonic signals in the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber in real time, comprehensively grasps the dynamic changes of the laser pyrolysis process, and uses a microscope analysis instrument to record the microstructural changes in the laser pyrolysis process to provide image evidence for mechanism research. The gas component analysis instrument detects the exhaust gas to ensure the accurate component analysis of the laser pyrolysis product. After receiving multi-source signals, the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device draws the change curves of temperature, air pressure and ultrasonic waves in real time, and observes the pyrolysis process through microscopic images. The operator can adjust the pyrolysis parameters in time according to the real-time data and optimize the experimental conditions. The laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group not only monitors the temperature, but also participates in the rapid heating process to ensure that the pyrolysis reaction is carried out within the optimal temperature range and improve the pyrolysis efficiency.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and real-time gas monitoring test device, characterized in that: It includes a laser pyrolysis reaction chamber, a gas delivery system, a gas control and detection component, a gas component analysis instrument (3), a laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group, and a real-time intelligent centralized control and display device (9); A coal sample (15) is placed in the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber; the input end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber is connected to the output end of the gas carrier system, and the output end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber is connected to the input end of the gas component analysis instrument (3); the input end and the output end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber are both provided with a heating unit, and the gas control detection component is respectively provided at the input end and the output end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber; The signal input end of the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber; the signal output end of the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group, the gas control detection component and the signal output end of the gas component analysis instrument (3) are respectively connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control display device (9), and the signal output end of the real-time intelligent centralized control display device (9) is connected to the gas carrier system.

2. The laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and gas real-time monitoring test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser pyrolysis reaction chamber comprises a reaction chamber body (1), wherein an oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber and a signal chamber are provided in the reaction chamber body (1); The signal chamber is mounted on the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber via screws (19), and a high-temperature resistant quartz glass (17) is provided between the signal chamber and the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber, and high-temperature resistant reflective layers (18) are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the signal chamber; The input end of the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber is provided with an air inlet pipeline (13), and the air inlet pipeline (13) is connected to the output end of the gas carrier system. The output end of the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber is provided with an air outlet pipeline (14), and the air outlet pipeline (14) is connected to the input end of the gas component analysis instrument (3); A sample table (16) is provided in the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber, and the coal sample (15) is placed on the sample table (16); The signal input end of the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group is connected to the signal chamber and is aligned with the coal sample (15) through the high-temperature resistant quartz glass (17).

3. The laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and real-time gas monitoring test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air inlet pipeline (13) and the air outlet pipeline (14) are respectively arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber, and the sample platform (16) is arranged in the oil-rich coal pyrolysis test chamber and between the air inlet pipeline (13) and the air outlet pipeline (14).

4. The laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and real-time gas monitoring test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating unit comprises a first heating device (11) and a second heating device (12); The first heating device (11) is arranged on the air inlet pipeline (13), and the second heating device (12) is arranged on the air outlet pipeline (14).

5. The laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and gas real-time monitoring test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas control detection assembly includes an intake gas control unit and an exhaust gas control unit; The intake gas control unit comprises an intake valve (22) and an intake port differential pressure flow meter (23); the intake valve (22) and the intake port differential pressure flow meter (23) are sequentially arranged on the intake pipeline (13) along the gas flow direction; The outlet gas control unit includes an outlet differential pressure flow meter (24) and an outlet valve (25); The outlet differential pressure flowmeter (24) and the outlet valve (25) are sequentially arranged on the outlet pipeline (14) along the gas flow direction; The signal output ends of the air inlet differential pressure flow meter (23) and the air outlet differential pressure flow meter (24) are connected to the signal input ends of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device (9).

6. The laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and real-time gas monitoring test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas carrying system comprises a carrier gas bottle (2) and a gas pressurizing device (21); The output end of the carrier gas bottle (2) is connected to the input end of the gas pressurizing device (21), and the output end of the gas pressurizing device (21) is connected to the input end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber; The signal output end of the gas pressurizing device (21) is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control and display device (9).

7. The laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and real-time gas monitoring test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group includes a laser regulator (4), an infrared temperature measurement and analysis instrument (5), a microscope analysis instrument (6) and an ultrasonic analysis instrument (7); The input end of the laser regulator (4) is divided into two branches, and the two branches are respectively connected to the heating laser emitter (41); the heating laser emitter (41) is used to emit laser to heat the coal sample in the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber; the signal output end of the laser regulator (4) is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control display device (9); The input end of the infrared temperature measurement and analysis instrument (5) is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber through the infrared temperature measurement sensor (51); the signal output end of the infrared temperature measurement and analysis instrument (5) is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control display device (9); The input end of the microscope analysis instrument (6) is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber through a high-temperature digital microscope head (61); the signal output end of the microscope analysis instrument (6) is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control display device (9); The input end of the ultrasonic analysis instrument (7) is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber via a laser ultrasonic receiver (71); the signal output end of the ultrasonic analysis instrument (7) is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control display device (9).

8. The laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and real-time gas monitoring test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a high-temperature air pressure monitoring meter (8), the input end of the high-temperature air pressure monitoring meter (8) is connected to the signal detection end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber through a high-temperature air pressure sensor (81); The output end of the high temperature air pressure monitoring meter (8) is connected to the signal input end of the real-time intelligent centralized control display device (9).

9. The laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and gas real-time monitoring test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time intelligent centralized control and display device (9) is provided with a controller; The input end of the controller is connected to a signal receiving module, and the input end of the signal receiving module is respectively connected to the signal output end of the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group, the gas control detection component and the signal output end of the gas component analysis instrument (3); The output end of the controller is connected to a signal sending module, and the output end of the signal sending module is connected to a gas carrying system.

10. A laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and real-time gas monitoring test method, characterized in that: A laser pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and gas real-time monitoring test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following process: The coal sample (15) is placed in the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber, and the gas carrier system is started so that the gas can be carried through the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber. The input end and the output end of the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber respectively maintain the gas temperature through the heating unit. At the same time, the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group quickly heats the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber, and then the laser pyrolysis and parameter detection unit group respectively receive the temperature, air pressure, microscopic image and ultrasonic signal in the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber and feed it back to the real-time intelligent centralized control display device (9); the real-time intelligent centralized control display device (9) draws the temperature, air pressure, and ultrasonic change curves in real time, and observes and records the pyrolysis process through the microscopic image; the gas component analyzer (3) receives the gas discharged from the laser pyrolysis reaction chamber for detection, and sends the detection results to the real-time intelligent centralized control display device (9), and generates a relevant report based on the original data such as temperature, air pressure, ultrasonic wave, digital microscopic image, gas flow and component in the pyrolysis process.

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