Photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission

Abstract

The invention discloses a photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission, which belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic cell assemblies and comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells and a super capacitor. The input ends of all the photovoltaic cells are connected with the optical fiber link; the output ends of all the photovoltaic cells are connected in parallel to form a corresponding parallel photovoltaic array, and then the parallel photovoltaic array is connected with the charging end of the super capacitor; the discharge end of the super capacitor is connected with a load; the photovoltaic cell is used for performing photoelectric conversion on the optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber link, converting the optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber link into direct current electric energy and charging the super capacitor according to the converted direct current electric energy; and the super capacitor is used for performing passive power supply on the load through the corresponding switching circuit when a preset voltage threshold value is reached, so that the problem that a photovoltaic cell needs to continuously work to supply power to load equipment and cannot meet the passive power supply requirement in the prior art can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cell assemblies, and in particular to a photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission. Background Art

[0002] Power over fiber (PoF) is a fairly mature technology, with research and development beginning in the late 1970s. PoF's applications have greatly expanded, particularly as optical fiber is widely used for high-speed communication lines. By enabling communication, sensing, and power transmission, PoF is expected to have a significant impact on future infrastructure.

[0003] Fiber-optic power transmission technology, with its high bandwidth, low latency, and anti-interference properties, provides the underlying technical support for real-time communication, data exchange, and energy management in digital power grids. In digital power grid scenarios, a typical high-power fiber-optic power transmission system primarily consists of a central office (CO), fiber links, and remote units (RUs). The CO primarily consists of high-power fiber lasers, whose operating wavelength and output power are largely determined by the material composition. The laser energy emitted by the laser is coupled into the fiber link. The remote unit (RU) primarily consists of optoelectronic conversion devices, electronics, sensors, and voltage adaptation circuits. Depending on the energy transmission requirements, the fiber link can utilize standard single-mode fiber (SMF), multimode fiber (MMF), multicore fiber (MCF), or hollow-core fiber (HCF). In the remote unit, the optoelectronic conversion device converts the laser light power transmitted through the optical fiber into electrical power. According to the voltage and current requirements of the electronic devices and low-voltage equipment, it passes through a direct current converter (DC / DC) and a voltage adapter circuit to power the electronic devices and sensors.

[0004] However, in the photoelectric conversion device of the traditional fiber optic energy transmission system, the laser and photovoltaic cell need to work continuously to power the load equipment, resulting in the problem of photoelectric conversion efficiency decreasing over time and the inability to meet the demand for passive power supply. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission, which can solve the problem in the prior art that lasers and photovoltaic cells need to work continuously to power load equipment, resulting in a decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency over time and an inability to meet passive power supply requirements.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission, comprising: a plurality of photovoltaic cells and a supercapacitor;

[0007] The input ends of all photovoltaic cells are connected to the optical fiber link; the output ends of all photovoltaic cells are connected in parallel, the positive poles of the output ends of each photovoltaic cell are connected to the positive poles, and the negative poles of the output ends of each photovoltaic cell are connected to the negative poles, forming a corresponding parallel photovoltaic array, which is then connected to the charging end of the supercapacitor; the discharging end of the supercapacitor is connected to the load;

[0008] The photovoltaic cell is used to perform photoelectric conversion on the optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber link, convert the optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber link into direct current power, and charge the supercapacitor according to the converted direct current power;

[0009] The supercapacitor is used to provide passive power to the load through a corresponding switching circuit when a preset voltage threshold is reached.

[0010] As a preferred solution, it also includes: an optical coupler;

[0011] The optical input end of the optical coupler is connected to the optical fiber link, and the optical output end of the optical coupler is connected to the input end of each photovoltaic cell;

[0012] The optical coupler is used to evenly distribute the optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber link into a number of equal parts equal to the number of photovoltaic cells, and then transmit the evenly distributed optical signal to each of the photovoltaic cells.

[0013] As a preferred solution, it also includes: a plurality of diodes;

[0014] The anode of the diode is connected to the positive electrode of the output end of the photovoltaic cell; the cathode of the diode is connected to the charging end of the supercapacitor;

[0015] The diode is used to prevent the circuit formed by connecting the positive poles of the output terminals of the photovoltaic cells from forming a loop.

[0016] As a preferred solution, it also includes: a first boost DC / DC module;

[0017] The input end of the first boost DC / DC module is connected to the cathode of the diode, and the output end of the first boost DC / DC module is connected to the charging end of the supercapacitor;

[0018] The first boost DC / DC module is used to capture the maximum power of the photovoltaic cell to charge the supercapacitor.

[0019] As a preferred solution, capturing the maximum power of the photovoltaic cell to charge the supercapacitor includes:

[0020] The duty cycle of the switch tube is adjusted in real time so that the parallel photovoltaic array composed of photovoltaic cells operates at the corresponding maximum power output point, and the maximum power of the photovoltaic cells is captured to charge the supercapacitor.

[0021] As a preferred solution, it also includes: a second boost DC / DC module;

[0022] The input end of the second boost DC / DC module is connected to the discharge end of the supercapacitor, and the output end of the second boost DC / DC module is connected to the load;

[0023] The second boost DC / DC module is used to boost the discharge voltage of the supercapacitor and provide passive power to the load according to the boosted discharge voltage.

[0024] As a preferred solution, the capacitance of the supercapacitor is calculated according to the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] Where C is the capacitance of the supercapacitor, V inMAX is the maximum input voltage of the supercapacitor, V inMIN is the minimum input voltage of the supercapacitor, μ is the inverse of the photovoltaic cell conversion efficiency, T is the continuous working time of the supercapacitor, V OUT is the load voltage, I OUT is the load current.

[0027] As a preferred solution, it also includes: an MPU control module;

[0028] The MPU control module is connected to the first boost DC / DC module and the second boost DC / DC module respectively;

[0029] The MPU control module is used to control the shutdown of the first boost DC / DC module and the second boost DC / DC module.

[0030] As a preferred solution, controlling the shutdown of the first boost DC / DC module and the second boost DC / DC module includes:

[0031] When the voltage of the supercapacitor does not reach a preset first voltage threshold, controlling the first boost DC / DC module to start, so that the photovoltaic cell charges the supercapacitor;

[0032] When the voltage of the supercapacitor reaches the first voltage threshold and is not less than a preset second voltage threshold, the first boost DC / DC module is controlled to be shut down, and the second boost DC / DC module is controlled to be started, so that the supercapacitor passively supplies power to the load; wherein the first voltage threshold is greater than the second voltage threshold.

[0033] As a preferred solution, the second boost DC / DC module is a boost DC / DC module with a wide input range.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The present invention provides a photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission, comprising: a plurality of photovoltaic cells and a supercapacitor; the input ends of all the photovoltaic cells are connected to an optical fiber link; the output ends of all the photovoltaic cells are connected in parallel, with the positive poles of the output ends of each photovoltaic cell connected to the positive poles, and the negative poles of the output ends of each photovoltaic cell connected to the negative poles, forming a corresponding parallel photovoltaic array, which is then connected to the charging end of the supercapacitor; the discharge end of the supercapacitor is connected to a load; the photovoltaic cells are used to perform photoelectric conversion on optical signals transmitted through the optical fiber link, convert the optical signals transmitted by the optical fiber link into direct current (DC) power, and charge the supercapacitor based on the converted DC power; and the supercapacitor is used to passively power the load through a corresponding switching circuit when a preset voltage threshold is reached.

[0036] The present invention arranges a supercapacitor behind the photovoltaic cell, connects the charging end of the supercapacitor to the output end of the photovoltaic cell, and connects the discharging end of the supercapacitor to the load. The supercapacitor can be charged by the photovoltaic cell. When the capacitor reaches a preset voltage threshold, the load can be passively powered. There is no need for the laser and the photovoltaic cell to work continuously to power the load equipment, and the load can be passively powered by the supercapacitor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission provided by one embodiment of the present invention; 1 is an optical coupler, 2 is a photovoltaic cell, 3 is a diode, 4 is a first boost DC / DC module, 5 is a supercapacitor, 6 is a second boost DC / DC module, 7 is an MPU control module, and 8 is a load;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the charge and discharge triggering of the supercapacitor;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a voltage control diagram of a supercapacitor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application more clear, the technical solutions in this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "multiple" and "several" refer to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refer to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refer to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, technical terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application based on specific circumstances.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 To address the problem in the prior art that lasers and photovoltaic cells need to work continuously to power load devices, resulting in a decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency over time and an inability to meet passive power supply requirements, an embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission, comprising: a plurality of photovoltaic cells and a supercapacitor;

[0049] The input ends of all photovoltaic cells are connected to the optical fiber link; the output ends of all photovoltaic cells are connected in parallel, the positive poles of the output ends of each photovoltaic cell are connected to the positive poles, and the negative poles of the output ends of each photovoltaic cell are connected to the negative poles, forming a corresponding parallel photovoltaic array, which is then connected to the charging end of the supercapacitor; the discharging end of the supercapacitor is connected to the load;

[0050] The photovoltaic cell is used to perform photoelectric conversion on the optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber link, convert the optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber link into direct current power, and charge the supercapacitor according to the converted direct current power;

[0051] The supercapacitor is used to provide passive power to the load through a corresponding switching circuit when a preset voltage threshold is reached.

[0052] Preferably, it further includes: an optical coupler; the optical input end of the optical coupler is connected to the optical fiber link, and the optical output end of the optical coupler is connected to the input end of each of the photovoltaic cells; the optical coupler is used to evenly distribute the optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber link into a number of equal parts equal to the number of photovoltaic cells, and then transmit the evenly distributed optical signal to each of the photovoltaic cells.

[0053] Preferably, it also includes: a plurality of diodes; the anode of the diode is connected to the positive electrode of the photovoltaic cell output end; the cathode of the diode is connected to the charging end of the supercapacitor; the diode is used to prevent the circuit formed by the connection of the positive electrodes of the photovoltaic cell output ends from forming a loop.

[0054] Preferably, it also includes: a first boost DC / DC module; the input end of the first boost DC / DC module is connected to the cathode of the diode, and the output end of the first boost DC / DC module is connected to the charging end of the supercapacitor; the first boost DC / DC module is used to capture the maximum power of the photovoltaic cell to charge the supercapacitor.

[0055] Preferably, the maximum power of the photovoltaic cell is captured to charge the supercapacitor, including: real-time adjustment of the duty cycle of the switch tube so that the parallel photovoltaic array composed of photovoltaic cells operates at the corresponding maximum power output point, and the maximum power of the photovoltaic cell is captured to charge the supercapacitor.

[0056] Preferably, it further includes: a second boost DC / DC module; the input end of the second boost DC / DC module is connected to the discharge end of the supercapacitor, and the output end of the second boost DC / DC module is connected to the load; the second boost DC / DC module is used to boost the discharge voltage of the supercapacitor and provide passive power supply to the load according to the boosted discharge voltage.

[0057] Preferably, the capacitance of the supercapacitor is calculated according to the following formula:

[0058]

[0059] Where C is the capacitance of the supercapacitor, V inMAX is the maximum input voltage of the supercapacitor, V inMIN is the minimum input voltage of the supercapacitor, μ is the inverse of the photovoltaic cell conversion efficiency, T is the continuous working time of the supercapacitor, V OUT is the load voltage, I OUT is the load current.

[0060] Preferably, it also includes: an MPU control module; the MPU control module is connected to the first boost DC / DC module and the second boost DC / DC module respectively; the MPU control module is used to control the shutdown of the first boost DC / DC module and the second boost DC / DC module.

[0061] Preferably, controlling the shutdown of the first boost DC / DC module and the second boost DC / DC module includes: when the voltage of the supercapacitor does not reach a preset first voltage threshold, controlling the first boost DC / DC module to start up so that the photovoltaic cell charges the supercapacitor; when the voltage of the supercapacitor reaches the first voltage threshold and is not less than a preset second voltage threshold, controlling the first boost DC / DC module to shut down and controlling the second boost DC / DC module to start up so that the supercapacitor provides passive power to the load; wherein the first voltage threshold is greater than the second voltage threshold.

[0062] Preferably, the second boost DC / DC module is a boost DC / DC module with a wide input range.

[0063] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, 1 is an optical coupler, 2 is a photovoltaic cell, 3 is a diode, 4 is a first boost DC / DC module, 5 is a supercapacitor, 6 is a second boost DC / DC module, 7 is an MPU control module, and 8 is a load.

[0064] The optical input end of the optical coupler is connected to the optical fiber link, and the optical output end of the optical coupler is connected to the input end of each photovoltaic cell; the output ends of all photovoltaic cells are connected in parallel, the positive poles of the output ends of each photovoltaic cell are connected to the positive poles, and the negative poles of the output ends of each photovoltaic cell are connected to the negative poles, so as to form a corresponding parallel photovoltaic array; the anode of the diode is connected to the positive poles of the output ends of the photovoltaic cells, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the input end of the first boost DC / DC module; the output end of the first boost DC / DC module is connected to the charging end of the supercapacitor, and the discharging end of the supercapacitor is connected to the input end of the second boost DC / DC module; and the output end of the second boost DC / DC module is connected to the load.

[0065] Based on the above-mentioned photoelectric conversion device, the present invention provides a method for realizing a multi-stage photoelectric conversion device with multiple photovoltaic cell inputs for optical fiber energy transmission, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0066] (1) After being transmitted through the optical fiber link, the energy optical signal is first divided into n paths by optical coupler 1;

[0067] The function of the optical coupler is to evenly distribute one optical input to n optical outputs, dividing them equally according to the power n. Each output is 1 / n of the input power, and the evenly distributed optical signal is transmitted to each photovoltaic cell after fusion.

[0068] (2) n photovoltaic cells 2 of the same specifications are connected in parallel to form a photovoltaic array, wherein the diode 3 prevents the formation of a circulating current;

[0069] The output terminals of n photovoltaic cells are connected positively and negatively, forming a parallel photovoltaic array. Because the open-circuit voltage of a single photovoltaic cell is high, typically exceeding 20V, and the short-circuit current is very low, at only 300mA, they are connected in parallel. This parallel arrangement increases the current by a factor of n, meeting the current requirements of most load devices. It also reduces the voltage increase caused by series connection, resulting in high voltage power supply, improving power supply safety.

[0070] The unidirectional conductivity of the diode prevents the formation of a loop when the positive or negative output terminals of parallel PV arrays are connected. Without the diode, the loop will cause current to flow back into the PV cells, damaging their performance.

[0071] (3) The output end of the photovoltaic array is connected to the first-stage boost DC / DC module 4 with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to achieve maximum power capture;

[0072] The first step-up DC / DC module adjusts the duty cycle of the controllable switch to ensure that the photovoltaic panels or other variable power sources always operate at the voltage / current conditions corresponding to their maximum output power point (MPP), thereby achieving maximum energy extraction. The entire module can be divided into two parts: the power stage and the control stage. The power stage adopts a boost topology, achieving voltage / current conversion through inductors, capacitors, switches, and diodes. The control stage includes voltage and current sampling, MPPT algorithms (such as disturbance observation, incremental admittance, hysteresis control, etc.), and a PWM generator. Through a dual-loop structure of outer MPPT loop and inner voltage / current control loop, it achieves real-time adjustment of the switch duty cycle.

[0073] (4) Extending the load power supply by adding a supercapacitor 5 at the output end of the first boost DC / DC module 4;

[0074] (5) The second boost DC / DC module 6 is designed as a boost circuit with a wide input range, which can maximize the capacitance and adopt a multi-output solution to power N loads 8;

[0075] In a conventional boost circuit, if the input voltage falls below the device's minimum startup voltage, the converter stops operating and the remaining capacitor energy becomes unusable. However, devices with a wide input range can reduce the capacitor voltage to an extremely low level, significantly enhancing the "deep discharge" capability. Therefore, the wide-input-range second boost DC / DC module can operate continuously throughout the entire range where the capacitor voltage gradually decreases from the highest charging voltage to an extremely low value, thereby maximizing the capacitor's available energy reserve and extending the system's power supply time. Due to the capacitor's discharge characteristics, the output voltage decreases linearly as the remaining charge decreases. Only when the boost converter's minimum startup and operating voltages are sufficiently low can the energy near the bottom voltage of the capacitor be extracted, maximizing the utilization of the capacitor's capacity.

[0076] (6) When the voltage V CAP Does not reach the preset value V SET (i.e. the first voltage threshold), the MPU control module 7 controls not to start the second boost DC / DC module circuit 6;

[0077] (7) When the voltage V CAP Reach the preset value V SET When the MPU control module 7 controls to start the second boost DC / DC module circuit 6 and connect it to the load;

[0078] (8) When the voltage of supercapacitor 5 is V CAP and V SET When the voltage drops, the second boost DC / DC module is still in the working mode. At this time, the MPU control module 7 controls the first boost DC / DC module circuit to be turned off, and the supercapacitor 5 is in the capacitor passive power supply mode;

[0079] (9) When the voltage of supercapacitor 5 is lower than V MIN (ie, the second voltage threshold), the MPU control module 7 turns off the second boost DC / DC module circuit and disconnects the load, while turning on the first boost DC / DC module circuit. At this time, the supercapacitor 5 is in charging mode.

[0080] (10) Repeat the process from (6) to (9) so that the supercapacitor 5 is in the alternating charging and passive power supply modes.

[0081] Among them, when the supercapacitor 5 is in charging mode, the circuit of the supercapacitor 5 can be designed to be shunted, with one end charging the supercapacitor and the other end powering the load. When the supercapacitor 5 is fully charged, the passive power supply mode is started to achieve continuous power supply to the load.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 2, is a schematic diagram of the charge and discharge triggering of the supercapacitor. The capacity of the supercapacitor 5 can be derived using the following formula:

[0083]

[0084] If the other parameters in the formula are known, the value of the supercapacitor C can be derived.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 3 , is a schematic diagram of the voltage control of the supercapacitor. The device can complete the energy storage of the capacitor within a period of time; the capacitor voltage is controlled by intermittent operation. When the capacitor voltage V CAP In V MIN and V SET The device can achieve a passive mode, using capacitors to power the load for a short period of time, saving energy for the fiber optic energy transmission system. A second advantage of this device is that it can automatically monitor the voltage input to the second-stage DC / DC through the MPU, automatically turning on and off the two-stage boost circuit.

[0086] It can be seen that the present invention provides a photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission, including: a plurality of photovoltaic cells and a supercapacitor; the input ends of all photovoltaic cells are connected to the optical fiber link; the output ends of all photovoltaic cells are connected in parallel, the positive poles of the output ends of each photovoltaic cell are connected to the positive poles, and the negative poles of the output ends of each photovoltaic cell are connected to the negative poles, forming a corresponding parallel photovoltaic array and then connected to the charging end of the supercapacitor; the discharge end of the supercapacitor is connected to the load; the photovoltaic cells are used to perform photoelectric conversion on the optical signal after transmission through the optical fiber link, convert the optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber link into direct current energy, and charge the supercapacitor according to the converted direct current energy; the supercapacitor is used to passively power the load through the corresponding switching circuit when a preset voltage threshold is reached. The present invention arranges a supercapacitor behind the photovoltaic cell, connects the charging end of the supercapacitor to the output end of the photovoltaic cell, and connects the discharging end of the supercapacitor to the load. The supercapacitor can be charged by the photovoltaic cell. When the capacitor reaches a preset voltage threshold, the load can be passively powered. There is no need for the laser and the photovoltaic cell to work continuously to power the load equipment, and the load can be passively powered by the supercapacitor.

[0087] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission, characterized in that: include: a plurality of photovoltaic cells and a supercapacitor; The input ends of all photovoltaic cells are connected to the optical fiber link; the output ends of all photovoltaic cells are connected in parallel, the positive poles of the output ends of each photovoltaic cell are connected to the positive poles, and the negative poles of the output ends of each photovoltaic cell are connected to the negative poles, forming a corresponding parallel photovoltaic array, which is then connected to the charging end of the supercapacitor; the discharging end of the supercapacitor is connected to the load; The photovoltaic cell is used to perform photoelectric conversion on the optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber link, convert the optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber link into direct current power, and charge the supercapacitor according to the converted direct current power; The supercapacitor is used to provide passive power to the load through a corresponding switching circuit when a preset voltage threshold is reached.

2. The photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Optocoupler; The optical input end of the optical coupler is connected to the optical fiber link, and the optical output end of the optical coupler is connected to the input end of each photovoltaic cell; The optical coupler is used to evenly distribute the optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber link into a number of equal parts equal to the number of photovoltaic cells, and then transmit the evenly distributed optical signal to each of the photovoltaic cells.

3. The photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: Several diodes; The anode of the diode is connected to the positive electrode of the output end of the photovoltaic cell; the cathode of the diode is connected to the charging end of the supercapacitor; The diode is used to prevent the circuit formed by connecting the positive poles of the output terminals of the photovoltaic cells from forming a loop.

4. The photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: a first step-up DC / DC module; The input end of the first boost DC / DC module is connected to the cathode of the diode, and the output end of the first boost DC / DC module is connected to the charging end of the supercapacitor; The first boost DC / DC module is used to capture the maximum power of the photovoltaic cell to charge the supercapacitor.

5. The photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method of capturing the maximum power of the photovoltaic cell to charge the supercapacitor comprises: The duty cycle of the switch tube is adjusted in real time so that the parallel photovoltaic array composed of photovoltaic cells operates at the corresponding maximum power output point, and the maximum power of the photovoltaic cells is captured to charge the supercapacitor.

6. The photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: Second boost DC / DC module; The input end of the second boost DC / DC module is connected to the discharge end of the supercapacitor, and the output end of the second boost DC / DC module is connected to the load; The second boost DC / DC module is used to boost the discharge voltage of the supercapacitor and provide passive power to the load according to the boosted discharge voltage.

7. The photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission according to claim 6, characterized in that: The capacitance of the supercapacitor is calculated according to the following formula: Where C is the capacitance of the supercapacitor, V inMAX is the maximum input voltage of the supercapacitor, V inMIN is the minimum input voltage of the supercapacitor, μ is the inverse of the photovoltaic cell conversion efficiency, T is the continuous working time of the supercapacitor, V OUT is the load voltage, I OUT is the load current.

8. The photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: MPU control module; The MPU control module is connected to the first boost DC / DC module and the second boost DC / DC module respectively; The MPU control module is used to control the shutdown of the first boost DC / DC module and the second boost DC / DC module.

9. The photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission according to claim 8, characterized in that: Controlling the shutdown of the first boost DC / DC module and the second boost DC / DC module, including: When the voltage of the supercapacitor does not reach a preset first voltage threshold, controlling the first boost DC / DC module to start, so that the photovoltaic cell charges the supercapacitor; When the voltage of the supercapacitor reaches the first voltage threshold and is not less than a preset second voltage threshold, the first boost DC / DC module is controlled to be shut down, and the second boost DC / DC module is controlled to be started, so that the supercapacitor passively supplies power to the load; wherein the first voltage threshold is greater than the second voltage threshold.

10. The photoelectric conversion device for optical fiber energy transmission according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second boost DC / DC module is a boost DC / DC module with a wide input range.

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