Power ramping for PUSCH and PUCCH power control to enable UL-only TRP

Abstract

The invention relates to power ramping for PUSCH and PUCCH power control to enable UL-only TRP. A method includes receiving, at a first device, path loss offset information between a first channel from the first device to the second device and a second channel from the first device to a third device as an uplink only transmission reception point from the second device; determining a first path loss value of a first channel from the first device to the second device; determining a ramped transmission power for transmission to the third device based on the path loss offset information and the first path loss value; and performing a transmission with the third device on the second channel based on the ramped transmission power.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to and the benefit of GB application No. 2402089.3, filed February 15, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] Various example embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to the field of telecommunications, and more particularly to methods, devices, apparatus, and computer-readable storage media for power ramp enhancement of uplink channel power control to enable uplink-only transmission reception points (TRPs). Background Art

[0003] With the development of 5G network technology, new approaches have been introduced to address uplink (UL) capacity challenges, particularly for power-constrained user equipment (UE) in high-demand applications. This strategy enhances UL power control for more efficient transmission, combined with UL-only transmission reception points (TRPs) to support network performance. By refining the power control mechanism, it ensures improved signal quality and reliability, optimizing resource usage while effectively meeting the needs of emerging applications. Therefore, it is worth investigating enhancements to power control techniques to enable UL-only TRPs, as they have great potential to revolutionize UL capacity and efficiency in 5G networks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, a first device is provided. The first device includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: receive path loss offset information between a first channel and a second channel from a second device, wherein the first channel is from the first device to the second device and the second channel is from the first device to a third device that is a reception point for uplink-only transmission; determine a first path loss value for the first channel from the first device to the second device; determine a ramp-up transmission power for transmission to the third device based on the path loss offset information and the first path loss value; and perform the transmission with the third device on the second channel based on the ramp-up transmission power.

[0005] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is a second apparatus. The second apparatus includes: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus to: determine path loss offset information between a first channel and a second channel, wherein the first channel is from the first apparatus to the second apparatus and the second channel is from the first apparatus to a third apparatus that is a reception point for uplink-only transmissions, wherein the path loss offset information is used to determine a ramp-up transmission power for transmissions on the second channel; and send the path loss offset information to the first apparatus.

[0006] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, a method is provided. The method includes: receiving path loss offset information between a first channel and a second channel from a second device, wherein the first channel is from the first device to the second device and the second channel is from the first device to a third device that is a reception point for uplink-only transmission; determining a first path loss value for the first channel from the first device to the second device; determining a ramp-up transmission power for transmission to the third device based on the path loss offset information and the first path loss value; and performing the transmission with the third device on the second channel based on the ramp-up transmission power.

[0007] In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a method is provided. The method includes: determining path loss offset information between a first channel and a second channel, wherein the first channel is from a first device to the second device, and the second channel is from the first device to a third device that is a reception point for uplink-only transmission, wherein the path loss offset information is used to determine a ramp-up transmission power for transmission on the second channel; and transmitting the path loss offset information to the first device.

[0008] In a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a first device is provided. The first device includes: a component for receiving path loss offset information between a first channel and a second channel from a second device, wherein the first channel is from the first device to the second device and the second channel is from the first device to a third device that is a reception point for uplink-only transmission; a component for determining a first path loss value for the first channel from the first device to the second device; a component for determining a ramp-up transmission power for transmission to the third device based on the path loss offset information and the first path loss value; and a component for performing transmission with the third device on the second channel based on the ramp-up transmission power.

[0009] In a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, there is a second apparatus. The second apparatus includes: means for determining path loss offset information between a first channel from the first apparatus to the second apparatus and a second channel from the first apparatus to a third apparatus that is a reception point for uplink-only transmissions, wherein the path loss offset information is used to determine a ramp-up transmission power for transmissions on the second channel; and means for sending the path loss offset information to the first apparatus.

[0010] In a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, there is a computer-readable medium including instructions stored thereon, the instructions being configured to cause an apparatus to at least perform the method according to the third aspect.

[0011] In an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, there is a computer-readable medium including instructions stored thereon, the instructions being configured to cause an apparatus to at least perform the method according to the fourth aspect.

[0012] It should be understood that the invention summary is not intended to identify the key or essential features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0014] Figure 1 An example communication environment is shown in which example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;

[0015] Figure 2 Schematic line diagrams illustrating path loss gaps for different scenarios according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0016] Figure 3 shows a signaling flow for path loss transmission according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a method implemented at a first device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0018] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a method implemented at a second device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0019] Figure 6 shows a simplified block diagram of a device suitable for implementing an example embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0020] Figure 7 A block diagram of an example computer-readable medium is shown, according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0021] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are described for illustrative purposes only and are intended to help those skilled in the art understand and implement the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In addition to the methods described below, the embodiments described herein may be implemented in various ways.

[0023] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

[0024] References in this disclosure to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example embodiment," etc., indicate that the described embodiment may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it is considered within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to be able to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether or not explicitly described).

[0025] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", etc. in front of nouns can be used in this article to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element, and they do not limit the order of the nouns. For example, without departing from the scope of the example embodiments, the first element can be referred to as the second element, and similarly, the second element can be referred to as the first element. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.

[0026] As used herein, “at least one of: ” and “at least one of ” and similar expressions (wherein a list of two or more elements is connected by “and” or “or”) refer to at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all of the elements.

[0027] As used herein, unless explicitly stated otherwise, performing a step “in response to A” does not mean performing the step immediately after “A” occurs, but may include one or more intermediate steps.

[0028] The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the example embodiments. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well. It will be further understood that when used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," "has," "having," "includes," and / or "including" specify the presence of features, elements, and / or components, etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0029] As used in this application, the term "circuitry" may refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) hardware circuit implementations only (such as implementations in analog and / or digital circuits only), and (b) a combination of hardware circuitry and software such as (if applicable): (i) a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuitry and software / firmware, and (ii) any portion of a hardware processor with software (including a digital signal processor, software, and memory that work together to enable a device such as a mobile phone or server to perform various functions) and (c) A hardware circuit and / or processor that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, such as a microprocessor or a portion of a microprocessor, but where the software is not required for operation, the software may not be present.

[0030] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of this term in this application, including in any claims. As another example, as used in this application, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or processors) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. For example, and if applicable to the particular claim element, the term circuitry also covers a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device, or a similar integrated circuit in a server, cellular network device, or other computing or networking device.

[0031] As used herein, the term "communication network" refers to a network that complies with any suitable communication standard, such as New Radio (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Advanced LTE (LTE-A), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), etc. In addition, communication between terminal devices and network devices in the communication network can be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocol, including but not limited to first generation (1G), second generation (2G), 2.5G, 2.75G, third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), 4.5G, fifth generation (5G), sixth generation (6G) communication protocols and / or any other protocols currently known or developed in the future. The embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to various communication systems. In view of the rapid development of communications, there are of course future types of communication technologies and systems that can implement the present disclosure. It should not be considered that the scope of the present disclosure is limited to the above-mentioned systems.

[0032] As used herein, the term "network device" refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device accesses the network and receives services from it. A network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP), such as a Node B (NodeB or NB), an evolved Node B (eNodeB or eNB), a NR NB (also known as a gNB), a remote radio unit (RRU), a radio head (RH), a remote radio head (RRH), a repeater, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a low-power node (such as a femto, a pico), a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or a non-terrestrial network device (such as a satellite network device, a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite and a geosynchronous orbit (GEO) satellite, an aircraft network device, etc.), depending on the terminology and technology applied. In some example embodiments, a radio access network (RAN) split architecture includes a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU) at an IAB donor node. An IAB node includes a mobile terminal (IAB-MT) portion that behaves like a UE toward a parent node, while the DU portion of the IAB node behaves like a base station toward a next-hop IAB node.

[0033] The term "terminal device" refers to any terminal device capable of wireless communication. As an example and not limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE), subscriber station (SS), portable subscriber station, mobile station (MS) or access terminal (AT). Terminal devices may include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, tablet computers, wearable terminal devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable computers, desktop computers, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, game terminal devices, music storage and playback devices, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop embedded devices (LEEs), laptop mounted devices (LMEs), USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer premises equipment (CPEs), Internet of Things (IoT) devices, watches or other wearable devices, head-mounted displays (HMDs), vehicles, drones, medical devices and applications (e.g., remote surgery), industrial devices and applications (e.g., robots and / or other wireless devices operating in industrial and / or automated processing chain environments), consumer electronic devices, devices operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, etc. The terminal device may also correspond to the mobile terminal (MT) portion of an IAB node (eg, a relay node).In the following description, the terms "terminal device," "communication device," "terminal," "user equipment," and "UE" may be used interchangeably.

[0034] As used herein, the terms "resources," "transmission resources," "resource blocks," "physical resource blocks" (PRBs), "uplink resources," or "downlink resources" may refer to any resources used to perform communication (e.g., communication between a terminal device and a network device), such as resources in the time domain, resources in the frequency domain, resources in the spatial domain, resources in the code domain, or any other combination of time domain, frequency domain, spatial domain, and / or code domain resources that enable communication. Hereinafter, unless explicitly stated, resources in the frequency domain and the time domain will be used as examples of transmission resources for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. Note that the example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.

[0035] As used herein, the term "path loss" may refer to the reduction in the power density of an electromagnetic signal as it propagates through space, a key factor in the design and analysis of wireless communication systems. For example, in a cellular network, path loss determines the signal attenuation between a cellular tower and a mobile device, thereby affecting the quality of the connection and the coverage area of the network. Note that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to path loss in other domains.

[0036] As used herein, the term "transmission reception point (TRP)" may refer to a device or entity within a communication network that is designated to receive and / or transmit signals, data, or information from / to various entities. For example, in a radio broadcast system, a transmission reception point (TRP) may be a radio transceiver that captures broadcasts from a radio station or transmits signals to a radio station.

[0037] As used herein, the term "ramp up" may refer to the process of gradually increasing the capacity, capability, or output of a system or activity, particularly in a telecommunications environment. This includes actions such as incrementally increasing the transmission power of network signals, expanding the infrastructure of a wireless network to accommodate more users, or methodically implementing technology enhancements to improve service quality and reliability. For example, in preparation for a major event or in response to growing demand for mobile data, a telecommunications operator might increase network capacity by adding more base stations or by optimizing network resources. Note that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to ramp up activities in other domains.

[0038] As used herein, the term "transmit power" refers to the amount of power a transmitter uses to send a signal, data, or information over a communication channel. This parameter is crucial in determining the range, signal quality, and overall effectiveness of a communication link, particularly in wireless networks where transmit power directly impacts the signal's ability to overcome path loss and reach its intended receiver. For example, in cellular networks, the transmit power of a base station is carefully regulated to optimize coverage and minimize interference with neighboring cells. Note that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to transmit power considerations in other domains.

[0039] As used herein, the term "Physical Uplink Control Channel" (PUCCH) refers to a specific type of communication channel in wireless telecommunications. This channel is dedicated to carrying control information from user equipment (UE) (such as a mobile phone or other device) back to the network base station or next-generation NodeB (gNB). Control information typically includes confirmation of data reception, channel quality reports, and scheduling requests.

[0040] As used herein, the term "Physical Uplink Shared Channel" (PUSCH) refers to a channel in wireless telecommunications used to transmit user data and some control information from a user equipment (UE) (such as a smartphone or other device) to the network. The PUSCH can carry uplink data traffic, including internet packets, voice data, and signaling messages that are not time-critical.

[0041] Regarding PUSCH power control (PC) and the power ramp-up process, the primary purpose of uplink (UL) power control is to limit both inter-cell and intra-cell power in the PUSCH. According to some solutions, it specifies UL power control for various channels such as the PUSCH, sounding reference signal (SRS), PUCCH, and physical random access channel (PRACH). UL power control can operate in two different modes: open-loop (OL) power control and closed-loop (CL) power control. In OL PC mode, the UE estimates the downlink path loss based on the path loss (PL) reference signal specified by the radio resource control (RRC). It then calculates the transmit power (TX power) by incorporating a fractional compensation factor and making additional adjustments based on the allocated radio resources, frequency, and other factors. In CL PC mode, the serving next-generation Node B (gNB) periodically provides transmit power control (TPC) commands to the UE. These commands can direct the UE to increase or decrease its TX power, taking into account adjustments already made in open-loop mode.

[0042] According to some solutions, if a UE transmits PUSCH on the active UL bandwidth part (BWP) b of carrier f of serving cell c using parameter set configuration with index j and PUSCH power control adjustment state with index l, the UE may transmit PUSCH in transmission opportunity i PUSCH,b，f，c (i, j, q s , 1) is determined as: in -P CMAX，f，c (i) represents the maximum output power configured by the UE for carrier f of serving cell c in PUSCH transmission opportunity i; -P O_PUSCH,b，f，c (j) By Given. P O NOMINAL PUSCH,b，f，c (j) and P O UE PUSCH,b，f，c The value of (j) depends on the type of PUSCH transmission. -M PUSCH,b，f，c (i) denotes the number of resource blocks allocated to PUSCH during transmission opportunity i on the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c and μ is the subcarrier spacing (SCS) configuration; -α PUSCH,b，f，c (j) denotes the fractional power control factor provided by α, the active UL BWP b of carrier f in serving cell c, and PUSCH parameter configuration set j; -PL b，f，c (q d ) represents the downlink path loss estimate in dB calculated by the UE using the RS resource index qd of the active DL BWP of serving cell c. The path loss is calculated as referenceSignalPower minus the higher-layer filtered RSRP, where referenceSignalPower defines the transmit power of the SS / PBCH block or CSI RS. The choice of reference signal depends on the type of PUSCH transmission, including: Message 3 PUSCH transmission, configured granted PUSCH transmission, and dynamically granted PUSCH transmission. -Δ TF,b，f，c (i) used to control UE transmit power according to the assigned modulation and coding scheme (MCS); -f b，f，c ( i , l) represents the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c and the closed-loop power control adjustment state of transmission opportunity i and l∈{0,1}.

[0043] Closed-loop power control can operate with or without TPC command accumulation. Accumulation can be the default mode of operation and can be enabled by excluding tpc-Accumulation{diabled} from the PUSCH-PowerControl information element. If accumulation is enabled, it is given by where δ PUSCH,b，f，c (m, l) is the mth TPC command in Table 1 (size is 2 bits). Table 1: TPC command fields

[0044] When the UE receives a random access response message in response to a PRACH transmission or a message A (MsgA) transmission received by the UE on an active UL BWPb of carrier f of serving cell c, the closed-loop power control adjustment state may be given by: b，f，c(0, l) = ΔP rampup,b，f，c +δ msg2,b，f，c , where l = 0. Power ramp ΔP rampup,b，f，c It can be given by the following formula: δ msg2,b，f，c represents the RAR power control command (3 bits) and is given in Table 2 below. Table 2: RAR power control commands TPC Command Value in dB 0 -6 1 1:4 2 -2 3 0 4 2 5 4 6 6 7 8

[0045] ΔP rampuprequested，b，f，c It can be configured as PowerRampingStep by RRC in the RACH-ConfigGeneric information element (IE).

[0046] Alternatively, if the UE transmits PUSCH in PUSCH transmission opportunity i=0 on the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c, and l=0, the closed-loop power control adjustment state may be given by: b，f，c (i, l) = ΔP rampup,b，f，c . Ramp-up power ΔP rampup,b，f，c It can be given by the following formula:

[0047] Regarding the PUCCH power control and power ramp-up process, the UE uses the PUCCH power control adjustment state with index l and parameter set q in PUCCH transmission period i. u , path loss reference q d To determine its PUCCH transmission power on the ULBW portion b of carrier f in serving cell c, as shown in the following equation: in -P CMAX,f，c (i) represents the maximum output power configured by the UE for carrier f of serving cell c in PUCCH transmission opportunity i; -P O_PUCCH,b，f，c (q u ) by PO PUCCH,b，f，c (q u )=P O NOMINAL PUCCH,b，f，c +P O UE PUCCH,b，f，c (q u ) is given, where P O NOMINAL PUCCH,b，f，c It is given by pO-nominal within the PUCCH-ConfigCommon information element and can be part of the SIB or dedicated RRC signaling. O UE PUCCH,b，f，c (q u) is given by the p0-PUCCH-Value within the specific instance of p0-PUCCH in the PUCCH-PowerControl information element. -M PUSCH,b，f，c (i) denotes the number of resource blocks occupied by PUCCH during transmission opportunity i on active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c, and μ is the subcarrier spacing (SCS) configuration; -PL b，f，c (q d ) represents the RS resource index q of the active DL BWP used by the UE in serving cell c d The calculated downlink path loss estimate in dB. The path loss is calculated as referenceSignalPower minus the higher-layer filtered RSRP, where referenceSignalPower defines the transmit power of the SS / PBCH block or CSIRS. The reference signal to be used for path loss measurement is identified using an instance of PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS within the PUCCH-PowerControl information element. -Δ FPUCCH (F) represents the UE transmit power offset that depends on the PUCCH format and is configured in the PUCCH-PowerControl information element; -Δ TF,b，f，c (i) used to control UE transmit power according to the PUCCH format and independently of the path loss value; and -g b，f，c (i, l) represents the active UL BWP b of carrier f of primary cell c and the PUCCH power control adjustment state l of PUCCH transmission opportunity i, which is given by where δ PUCCH,b,f，c It can be obtained according to Table 3 below. Table 3: Power control commands for PUCCH TPC Command Field <![CDATA[Accumulated δ PUCCH,b，f，c [dB]]]> 0 1:1 1 0 2 1 3 3

[0048] When the UE receives the random access response (message 2), the closed-loop power control command calculation may include the effect of the PRACH preamble power ramp and is given by: g b，f，c (0, l) = ΔP rampup,b，f，c +δ b，f，c, where l=0, i=0, and if in a PRACH transmission according to a type 1 random access procedure, or in a random access response grant corresponding to a message A transmission according to a type 2 random access procedure, and in a downlink control information (DCI) format with a TPC command scrambled by a cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) or a modulation and coding scheme cell radio network temporary identifier (MCS-C-RNTI) and 28 symbol slots between the last symbol of the first PUCCH transmission and the first PDCCH reception, the ramp-up power ΔP rampup,b，f，c It can be: where δ b，f，c Given in Table 2 above. ΔP rampuprequested，b，f，c Configured by RRC.

[0049] Alternatively, ramping up the power ΔP rampup,b，f，c It can be:

[0050] According to some solutions, it specifies enhancements for asymmetric DL sTRP / UL mTRP deployment scenarios, assuming an intra-band intra-DU non-co-located mTRP scenario, without changing existing cell definitions or defining new cells (e.g., UL-only cells), assuming a unified TCI framework and full reuse of legacy quasi-co-location (QCL) / UL spatial relationship rules, and target frequency ranges 1 (FR1) and FR2. Furthermore, it specifies two closed-loop PC adjustment states for SRS (both separate from PUSCH); and a path loss offset configuration for path loss calculation to UL TRP when the path loss RS comes from the DL sTRP.

[0051] Figure 1 An example communication environment 100 is shown in which power control for uplink (UL)-only transmission reception point (TRP) operation can be implemented. In the communication environment 100, multiple communication devices including a first device 110, a second device 120, and a third device 130 can communicate with each other.

[0052] exist Figure 1 In the example of FIG, the first device 110 may be a terminal device, such as a UE, and the second device 120 and the third device 130 may be network devices, such as a base station serving the first device 110. The first device 110 may use a first reference signal resource and a first power control parameter set to perform power control with respect to a TRP with DL / UL capabilities (e.g., the second device 120). The first device 110 may also use a second reference signal resource and a second power control parameter set to perform power control with respect to a UL-only TRP1 (the third device 130).

[0053] like Figure 1 As depicted, a UL-only TRP can be deployed to improve average and cell-edge spectral efficiency. Since a UL-only TRP does not have the ability to transmit to the UE in the downlink (DL) (i.e., it lacks a DL TX radio frequency (RF) chain), the UE does not have the components for estimating the channel and calculating the path loss between the UL-only TRP and the UE. Therefore, SRS power control is one of the key RAN processes that needs to be upgraded to reap the benefits of a UL-only TRP deployment while minimizing adverse interference to other UEs.

[0054] Hereinafter, for the purpose of illustration, some example embodiments are described in which the first device 110 operates as a terminal device, the second device 120 operates as a network device, and the third device 130 operates as a network device. However, in some example embodiments, the operations described in conjunction with the network device may be implemented at the network device or other devices, and the operations described in conjunction with the network device may be implemented at the terminal device or other devices.

[0055] In some example embodiments, if first device 110 is a terminal device and second device 120 is a network device, the link from second device 120 to first device 110 is referred to as a downlink (DL), and the link from first device 110 to second device 120 is referred to as an uplink (UL). In the DL, second device 120 is a transmitting (TX) device (or transmitter), and first device 110 is a receiving (RX) device (or receiver). In the UL, first device 110 is a TX device (or transmitter), and second device 120 is an RX device (or receiver).

[0056] In some example embodiments, if first device 110 is a terminal device and third device 130 is a network device, the link from first device 110 to third device 130 is referred to as an uplink (UL), and third device 130 does not have the ability to transmit in the DL to first device 110. In the UL, first device 110 is a TX device (or transmitter), and second device 120 is an RX device (or receiver).

[0057] Communications in the communication environment 100 may be implemented according to any suitable communication protocol, including but not limited to first generation (1G), second generation (2G), third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), fifth generation (5G), sixth generation (6G), etc. cellular communication protocols, wireless local area network communication protocols such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11, etc., and / or any other protocol currently known or developed in the future. In addition, communications may utilize any suitable wireless communication technology, including but not limited to: code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division duplex (FDD), time division duplex (TDD), multiple input multiple output (MIMO), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDM), discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), and / or any other technology currently known or developed in the future.

[0058] In this disclosure, closed-loop power control for PUSCH and PUCCH is enhanced immediately after successfully receiving a random access response message (e.g., message B in a 2-step random access channel (RACH) procedure or message 4 in a 4-step RACH procedure) by taking into account the path loss gap between the UE-to-serving gNB and the UE-to-UL-only TRP link. Upon receiving the random access response, the UE must apply the RACH preamble power ramp-up procedure to the PUSCH and PUCCH transmit power calculations. As shown above, the power ramp-up can depend on the path loss value.

[0059] Figure 2 Schematic line graphs are shown for three scenarios: urban microcell (UMi), urban macrocell (UMa), and rural macrocell (RMa). Curve 210 shows the path loss gap between the UE-to-serving gNB and the UE-to-UL TRP link in the UMi scenario, curve 220 shows the path loss gap between the UE-to-serving gNB and the UE-to-UL TRP link in the UMa scenario, and curve 230 shows the path loss gap between the UE-to-serving gNB and the UE-to-UL TRP link in the RMa scenario. Figure 2 The path loss gap shown in is larger than the legacy power control step size in Table 3. Using the UE-to-serving gNB path loss value for the UE-to-UL-only TRP link will result in inaccurate TX power calculation.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the path loss gap needs to be communicated to the UE and taken into account during the power ramp-up process to ensure successful completion of the RACH procedure and continuation of the PUSCH and PUCCH sessions. In some example embodiments, the RACH procedure is contention-free random access (CFRA) or contention-based random access (CBRA).

[0061] According to some example embodiments of the present disclosure, a solution is provided for enhancing uplink power control for UL-only TRPs by addressing the challenge of inaccurate transmit power settings due to the absence of direct downlink signals from these TRPs. This solution involves utilizing path loss offsets and new RRC signaling to adjust the power ramp-up process after the RACH procedure to account for the path loss difference between the UE-to-serving gNB and the UE-to-UL-only TRP links. This approach aims to achieve more accurate transmit power control, thereby improving spectral efficiency and reducing interference in UL transmissions on PUSCH and PUCCH, thereby enhancing overall network performance.

[0062] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0063] refer to Figure 3 , which shows a signaling flow 300 for path loss transmission according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For discussion purposes, the signaling flow 300 may be Figure 1 The communication environment 100 is shown as an example. In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may be referred to as a UE and the second device 120 may be referred to as a gNB.

[0064] In some example embodiments, third device 130 transmits (3001) a path loss value to second device 120. In other words, second device 120 receives (3001) the path loss value from third device 130. For example, third device 130 may transmit the path loss value to the second device via a backhaul.

[0065] The second device 120 determines (3005) path loss offset information between the first channel and the second channel. The first channel is from the first device 110 to the second device 120, and the second channel is from the first device 110 to the third device 130, which is an uplink-only transmission reception point. The path loss offset information is used to determine the ramp-up transmission power for transmission on the second channel. For example, the second device 120 can determine the uplink path loss value on the first channel based on one or more signals from the first device 110. In this case, the second device 120 can determine the path loss offset information based on the determined uplink path loss and the path loss value obtained from the third device 130.

[0066] In some example embodiments, the first channel is a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) between first device 110 and second device 120, and the second channel is a PUCCH between first device 110 and third device 130. In some other example embodiments, the first channel is a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) between first device 110 and second device 120, and the second channel is a PUSCH between first device 110 and third device 130.

[0067] In some example embodiments, second device 120 determines 3010 whether previous path loss offset information is available at first device 110. For example, second device 120 may determine whether previous path loss offset information is expired.

[0068] Second device 120 sends (3015) path loss offset information to first device 110. In other words, first device 110 receives (3015) path loss offset information between the first channel and the second channel from second device 120. In some example embodiments, the path loss offset information indicates a path loss difference between the first channel and the second channel. In some other example embodiments, the path loss offset information indicates a path loss adjustment factor based on a ratio of the first path loss value to the second path loss value of the second channel.

[0069] In some example embodiments, the path loss offset information is sent in downlink control information (DCI). In some other example embodiments, the path loss offset information is sent in a medium access control element (MAC CE). In some further example embodiments, if the previous path loss offset information is unavailable or expired, the second device 120 sends (3015) the path loss offset information to the first device 110 in radio resource control (RRC) signaling. That is, if the previous path loss offset information is unavailable or expired at the first device 110, the first device 110 receives (3015) the path loss offset information in the RRC signaling.

[0070] The first device 110 determines 3020 a first path loss value for a first channel from the first device 110 to the second device 120. The first device 110 determines 3025 a ramp-up transmission power for transmission to the third device 130 based on the path loss offset information and the first path loss value.

[0071] In some example embodiments, if the path loss offset information indicates a path loss difference between the first channel and the second channel, the first device 110 determines (3025) a ramped transmission power based on the path loss difference and the first path loss value. In some other example embodiments, if the path loss offset information indicates a path loss adjustment factor based on a ratio of the first path loss value to a second path loss value of the second channel, the first device 110 determines (3025) a ramped transmission power based on the path loss adjustment factor and the first path loss value. In some example embodiments, the path loss offset information is received in downlink control information. In some other example embodiments, the path loss offset information is received in a medium access control element.

[0072] The first device 110 performs (3030) transmission with the third device 130 on the second channel based on the ramped transmission power. For example, the first device 110 can send uplink information or uplink data on the second channel using the ramped transmission power.

[0073] Example embodiments of how to determine ramp power in different scenarios are described in detail below.

[0074] As described above, in some example embodiments, the first channel is the PUSCH between the first device 110 and the second device 120, and the second channel is the PUSCH between the first device 110 and the third device 130. In this case, if the first device 110 undergoes a RACH procedure and receives a random access response from the second device 120 while a UL-only TRP is present in the network, a power ramp-up procedure must be applied for PUSCH power control based on the path loss, the RRC-indicated powerRampingStep, and other parameters as in Equations 1, 2, and 3. To leverage the benefits of the UL-only TRP, the first device 110 must apply the path loss of the UE-to-UL TRP-only link. To achieve this, the first device 110 can use the path loss of the UE-to-serving gNB link and subtract the path loss gap between the UE-to-serving gNB link and the UE-to-UL TRP-only link. Alternatively, the first device 110 can use the path loss of the UE-to-serving gNB link and a multiplication factor based on the ratio of the UE-to-UL TRP-only link to the UE-to-serving gNB link.

[0075] In some example embodiments, if first device 110 receives a random access response message in response to a PRACH transmission or a MsgA transmission on an active UL BWPb of carrier f of serving cell c, first device 110 calculates a power control command for the UL TRP only as follows: f b，f，c (0, l) = ΔP rampup,b，f,c +δ msg2,b，f，c, where l = 0, and the transmission power is ramped up ΔP rampup,b，f,c It can be: The path loss gap G PL,b，f，c (i) = αb ，f，c (i). (Path loss from UE to serving gNB to path loss for UL-only TRP).

[0076] In some example embodiments, if the first device 110 transmits PUSCH only in PUSCH transmission opportunity i on the active UL BWP b of the carrier f of the serving cell, the closed-loop power control adjustment state may be f b，f，c (i, l) = ΔP rampup,b，f，c , where l = 0, i = 0, and ramping up the transmission power ΔP rampup,b，f,c It can be: Among them G PL,b，f，c (i) = α b，f，c (i). (Path loss from UE to serving gNB to path loss for UL-only TRP).

[0077] In some example embodiments, if an unexpired path loss gap value (i.e., path loss offset information) is available at first device 110 via DCI format 2_3 or a medium access control element (MAC CE) via the mechanism set forth in the following equations, first device 110 uses it to calculate the power boost and transmit power level of the PUSCH for the UL-only TRP, which is given by:

[0078] In some other example embodiments, if the path loss gap value G PL,b，f，c (i) If the path loss gap value (i.e., path loss offset information) is not available or expires at the first device 110, the serving second device 120 may use new RRC signaling to send the path loss gap value. The first device 110 may use the path loss gap value to calculate the power ramp and transmit power level of the PUSCH for the UL-only TRP.

[0079] Table 4 below may provide a method for indicating G to the first device 110. PL,b,f，c RRC signaling example for (i) (UL TRP path loss adjustment only). Table 4: Enabling TRP-specific path loss adjustment via RRC signaling

[0080] In some other example embodiments, if the first device 110 receives a random access response message in response to a PRACH transmission or a MsgA transmission on an active ULBWP b of carrier f of serving cell c, the power control command is given by: b，f，c (0, l) = ΔP rampup,b，f，c +δ msg2,b，f，c Where l = 0. The ramp-up transmission power can be: Among them F PL，b，f，c (i) is the UL TRP-specific path loss adjustment factor only.

[0081] In some further example embodiments, if the first device 110 transmits PUSCH only in PUSCH transmission opportunity i on active ULBWP b of carrier f of the serving cell, the closed-loop power control adjustment state may be f b，f，c (i, l) = ΔP rampup,b，f,c , where l=0, i=0, and the ramp-up transmission power can be: Among them F PL，b，f，c (i) is the UL TRP-specific path loss adjustment factor only.

[0082] In some example embodiments, if an unexpired path loss adjustment factor value is available at the first device 110 via DCI format 2_3 or MACCE via the mechanism proposed in Equation 5, the first device 110 uses it to calculate the power ramp and transmit power level for the PUSCH for the UL-only TRP.

[0083] In some other example embodiments, if the path loss gap value F PL，b，f，c (i) is not available or expires at the first device 110, the second device 120 may use new RRC signaling to send the path loss gap value. The first device 110 may then use it to calculate the power ramp and transmit power level for the PUSCH for the UL-only TRP.

[0084] The following table 5 provides the instructions to the first device 110 for F PL，b，f，c (i) Proposed RRC signaling example of UL TRP path loss adjustment factor only. Table 5: TRP-specific path loss adjustment factors enabled via RRC signaling

[0085] As described above, in some other example embodiments, the first channel is the PUCCH between the first device 110 and the second device 120, and the second channel is the PUCCH between the first device 110 and the third device 130. In this case, when the first device 110 undergoes a RACH procedure and receives a random access response from the second device 120 in the presence of a UL-only TRP in the network, it must apply a power ramp-up procedure for PUCCH power control based on the pathloss, the RRC-indicated powerRampingStep, and the other parameters in Equations 5 and 6. To obtain the benefits of the UL-only TRP, the first device 110 must apply the pathloss of the UE-to-UL TRP-only link. To achieve this, the first device 110 may use the pathloss of the UE-to-serving gNB link and subtract the pathloss gap between the UE-to-serving gNB link and the UE-to-UL TRP-only link. Alternatively, the first device 110 may use the pathloss of the UE-to-serving gNB link and a multiplication factor based on the ratio of the UE-to-UL TRP-only link to the UE-to-serving gNB link.

[0086] In some example embodiments, if the first device 110 receives a random access response (message 2), the closed-loop power control command calculation for the PUCCH includes the effect of the PRACH preamble power ramp and is given by: g b,f，c (0, l) = ΔP rampup,b，f，c +δ b,f，c (12) Where l=0 and i=0.

[0087] In some example embodiments, in the case of a PRACH transmission according to a Type 1 random access procedure, or in a random access response grant corresponding to an MsgA transmission according to a Type 2 random access procedure, and in a DCI format with a TPC command scrambled by PUCCH or MCS-C-RNTI and 28 symbol gaps between the last symbol of the first PUCCH transmission and the first PDCCH reception, the ramped transmit power may be: Among them GA PL,b，f，c (i) = (Path loss from UE to serving gNB - Path loss from UE to UL TRP only) = G PL,b，f，c (i) / α b，f，c (i)

[0088] Alternatively, the ramped transmission power can be: Among them GA PL,b，f，c(i) = (Path loss from UE to serving gNB - Path loss from UE to UL TRP only) = G PL,b，f，c (i) / α b，f，c (i).

[0089] In some example embodiments, if an unexpired path loss gap value (i.e., path loss offset information) is available at first device 110 via DCI format 2_3 or MAC CE via the mechanism set forth in Equation 5, first device 110 uses it to calculate the power ramp and transmit power level of the PUCCH for the UL-only TRP. In some other example embodiments, if the path loss gap value G PL,b，f，c (i) is unavailable or expires at the first device 110, the second device 120 may use new RRC signaling to send a path loss gap value. The first device 110 may then use the path loss gap value to calculate the power ramp and transmit power level for the PUCCH for the UL-only TRP. The above table 4 provides an indication of G to the first device 110. PL,b，f，c The proposed RRC signaling example for (i) (UL TRP path loss adjustment only), the table is omitted here.

[0090] In some other example embodiments, if the first device 110 receives a random access response (message 2), the closed-loop power control command calculation for the PUCCH includes the effect of the PRACH preamble power ramp and is given by: g b，f，c (0, l) = ΔP rampup,b，f，c +δ b，f，c (15) Where l=0 and i=0.

[0091] In some example embodiments, in the case of a PRACH transmission according to a Type 1 random access procedure, or in a random access response grant corresponding to an MsgA transmission according to a Type 2 random access procedure, and in a DCI format with a TPC command scrambled by C-RNTI or MCS-C-RNTI and 28 symbol gaps between the first PUCCH transmission and the last symbol of the first PDCCH reception, the ramped transmit power may be: Among them F PL，b，f，c (i) is the UL TRP-specific path loss adjustment factor only.

[0092] Alternatively, the ramped transmission power can be: Among them F PL，b，f，c (i) is the UL TRP-specific path loss adjustment factor only.

[0093] In some example embodiments, if an unexpired path loss adjustment factor value (i.e., path loss offset information) is available at first device 110 via DCI format 2_3 or MAC CE via the mechanism set forth in Equation 5, first device 110 uses it to calculate the power ramp and transmit power level of the PUCCH for the UL-only TRP. Alternatively, if the path loss gap value F PL，b，f，c (i) is not available or expires at the first device 110, the second device 120 may use new RRC signaling to send the path loss gap value. The first device 110 may then use this to calculate the power ramp up and transmit power level for the PUCCH for the UL-only TRP. The instructions to the first device 110 for F are provided in Table 5. PL，b，f，c (i) Proposed RRC signaling example of UL TRP path loss adjustment factor only, the table is omitted here.

[0094] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating an example method 400 implemented at a first device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For discussion purposes, Figure 1 The method 400 is described from the perspective of the first device 110.

[0095] At block 410 , the first device 110 receives path loss offset information between a first channel from the first device to the second device and a second channel from the first device to a third device that is an uplink-only transmission reception point.

[0096] At block 420 , the first device 110 determines a first path loss value for a first channel from the first device to the second device.

[0097] At block 430 , the first device 110 determines a ramped transmission power for transmissions to the third device based on the path loss offset information and the first path loss value.

[0098] At block 440 , the first device 110 performs transmissions with the third device on the second channel based on the ramped transmission power.

[0099] In some example embodiments, the method 400 further includes determining, in response to the path loss offset information indicating a path loss difference between the first channel and the second channel, a ramp-up transmission power based on the path loss difference and the first path loss value.

[0100] In some example embodiments, method 400 further includes: in response to the path loss offset information indicating a path loss adjustment factor based on a ratio of the first path loss value to a second path loss value of the second channel, determining a ramp-up transmission power based on the path loss adjustment factor and the first path loss value.

[0101] In some example embodiments, the path loss offset information is received in radio resource control signaling.

[0102] In some example embodiments, the first channel is a physical uplink control channel between the first apparatus and the second apparatus, and the second channel is a physical uplink control channel between the first apparatus and the third apparatus.

[0103] In some example embodiments, the first channel is a physical uplink shared channel between the first device and the second device, and the second channel is a physical uplink shared channel between the first device and the third device.

[0104] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device, and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0105] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating an example method 500 implemented at a second device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For discussion purposes, Figure 1 The method 500 is described from the perspective of the second device 120 in FIG.

[0106] At box 510, the second device 120 determines path loss offset information between a first channel and a second channel, wherein the first channel is from the first device to the second device and the second channel is from the first device to a third device that is an uplink-only transmission receiving point, wherein the path loss offset information is used to determine a ramp-up transmission power for transmission on the second channel.

[0107] At block 520 , the second device 120 sends path loss offset information to the first device.

[0108] In some example embodiments, the path loss offset information indicates a path loss difference between the first channel and the second channel.

[0109] In some example embodiments, the path loss offset information indicates a path loss adjustment factor based on a ratio of the first path loss value to a second path loss value of the second channel.

[0110] In some example embodiments, method 500 further includes determining whether previous path loss offset information is available at the first device; and sending the path loss offset information to the first device in radio resource control signaling based on determining that the previous path loss offset information is unavailable or expired.

[0111] In some example embodiments, the first channel is a physical uplink control channel between the first apparatus and the second apparatus, and the second channel is a physical uplink control channel between the first apparatus and the third apparatus.

[0112] In some example embodiments, the first channel is a physical uplink shared channel between the first apparatus and the second apparatus, and the second channel is a physical uplink shared channel between the first apparatus and the third apparatus.In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device, and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0113] In some example embodiments, a first device (eg, Figure 1 The first device 110 in the embodiment may include a component for performing the corresponding operation of the method 400. The component may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the component may be implemented in a circuit or a software module. The first device may be implemented as Figure 1 The first device 110 or the first device 110 included in Figure 1 In the first device 110.

[0114] In some example embodiments, the first device includes: a component for receiving path loss offset information between a first channel and a second channel from a second device, wherein the first channel is from the first device to the second device and the second channel is from the first device to a third device that serves as an uplink-only transmission receiving point; a component for determining a first path loss value of the first channel from the first device to the second device; a component for determining a ramp-up transmission power for transmission to the third device based on the path loss offset information and the first path loss value; and a component for performing transmission with the third device on the second channel based on the ramp-up transmission power.

[0115] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises: means for determining, in response to the path loss offset information indicating a path loss difference between the first channel and the second channel, ramping up the transmission power based on the path loss difference and the first path loss value.

[0116] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes: a component for determining a ramp-up transmission power based on the path loss adjustment factor and the first path loss value in response to the path loss offset information indicating a path loss adjustment factor based on a ratio of the first path loss value and a second path loss value of the second channel.

[0117] In some example embodiments, the path loss offset information is received in radio resource control signaling.

[0118] In some example embodiments, the first channel is a physical uplink control channel between the first apparatus and the second apparatus, and the second channel is a physical uplink control channel between the first apparatus and the third apparatus.

[0119] In some example embodiments, the first channel is a physical uplink shared channel between the first device and the second device, and the second channel is a physical uplink shared channel between the first device and the third device.

[0120] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device, and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0121] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of method 400 or first apparatus 110. In some example embodiments, the means comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus to perform the operations.

[0122] In some example embodiments, a second device (e.g., Figure 1 The second device 120 in the embodiment may include a component for performing the corresponding operation of the method 500. The component may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the component may be implemented in a circuit or a software module. The second device may be implemented as Figure 1 The second device 120 in or included in Figure 1 In the second device 120.

[0123] In some example embodiments, the second device includes: a component for determining path loss offset information between a first channel and a second channel, wherein the first channel is from the first device to the second device and the second channel is from the first device to a third device that serves as an uplink-only transmission receiving point, wherein the path loss offset information is used to determine a ramp-up transmission power for transmission on the second channel; and a component for sending the path loss offset information to the first device.

[0124] In some example embodiments, the path loss offset information indicates a path loss difference between the first channel and the second channel.

[0125] In some example embodiments, the path loss offset information indicates a path loss adjustment factor based on a ratio of the first path loss value to a second path loss value of the second channel.

[0126] In some example embodiments, the second device further includes: a component for determining whether previous path loss offset information is available at the first device; and a component for sending the path loss offset information to the first device in radio resource control signaling based on determining that the previous path loss offset information is unavailable or expired.

[0127] In some example embodiments, the first channel is a physical uplink control channel between the first apparatus and the second apparatus, and the second channel is a physical uplink control channel between the first apparatus and the third apparatus.

[0128] In some example embodiments, the first channel is a physical uplink shared channel between the first device and the second device, and the second channel is a physical uplink shared channel between the first device and the third device.

[0129] In some example embodiments, the first apparatus is a terminal device, and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0130] In some example embodiments, the second apparatus further comprises means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of method 500 or second apparatus 120. In some example embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus to perform.

[0131] Figure 6 is a simplified block diagram of a device 600 suitable for implementing an example embodiment of the present disclosure. The device 600 may be provided to implement a communication device, such as Figure 1 The first device 110 or the second device 120 is shown. As shown, the apparatus 600 includes one or more processors 610, one or more memories 620 coupled to the processor 610, and one or more communication modules 640 coupled to the processor 610.

[0132] The communication module 640 is configured for bidirectional communication. The communication module 640 has one or more communication interfaces to facilitate communication with one or more other modules or devices. A communication interface may represent any interface required to communicate with other network elements. In some example embodiments, the communication module 640 may include at least one antenna.

[0133] Processor 610 may be of any type suitable for the local technology network and may include one or more of the following: a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), and a processor based on a multi-core processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. Device 600 may have multiple processors, such as application specific integrated circuit chips, that are time-slave to a clock synchronized with a master processor.

[0134] The memory 620 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM) 624, electrically programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disks, compact discs (CDs), digital video discs (DVDs), optical discs, laser discs, and other magnetic and / or optical storage devices. Examples of volatile memories include, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM) 622 and other volatile memories that will not persist for the duration of a power outage.

[0135] The computer program 630 includes computer-executable instructions executed by the associated processor 610. The instructions of the program 630 may include instructions for performing the operations / actions of some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The program 630 may be stored in a memory (e.g., ROM 624). The processor 610 may perform any suitable actions and processes by loading the program 630 into the RAM 622.

[0136] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by the program 630 so that the device 600 may execute the procedures described in the reference Figures 2 to 5 Any process of the present disclosure discussed. The example embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.

[0137] In some example embodiments, program 630 may be tangibly embodied in a computer-readable medium that may be included in device 600 (such as in memory 620) or in other storage devices accessible by device 600. Device 600 may load program 630 from the computer-readable medium into RAM 622 for execution. In some example embodiments, the computer-readable medium may include any type of non-transitory storage medium, such as ROM, EPROM, flash memory, hard disk, CD, DVD, etc. The term "non-transitory" as used herein is a limitation on the medium itself (i.e., tangible, not a signal), not a limitation on data storage persistence (e.g., RAM vs. ROM).

[0138] Figure 7 An example of a computer readable medium 700 is shown, which may be in the form of a CD, DVD, or other optical storage disc.The computer readable medium 700 has a program 630 stored thereon.

[0139] In general, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or dedicated circuits, software, logic, or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, and other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software that may be executed by a controller, microprocessor, or other computing device. Although various aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flow charts, or using some other graphical representations, it should be understood that, as non-limiting examples, the blocks, devices, systems, techniques, or methods described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, dedicated circuits or logic, general-purpose hardware or a controller or other computing device, or some combination thereof.

[0140] Some example embodiments of the present disclosure also provide at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a computer-readable medium (such as a non-transient computer-readable medium). The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in a program module, that are executed in a device on a target physical or virtual processor to perform any of the methods described above. Typically, a program module includes routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. The functions of the program modules can be combined or split between program modules as needed. The machine-executable instructions for the program modules can be executed in local or distributed devices. In distributed devices, the program modules can be located in both local and remote storage media.

[0141] The program code for performing the method of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program code can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device so that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, enables the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram to be implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the machine, partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0142] In the context of the present disclosure, computer program codes or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable a device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer-readable media, etc.

[0143] The computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0144] In addition, although operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that these operations be performed in the particular order shown or in a sequential order, or that all of the operations shown be performed, to achieve the desired result. In some cases, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, although several specific implementation details have been included in the above discussion, these should not be interpreted as limitations on the scope of this disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to a particular embodiment. Unless explicitly stated, certain features described in the context of a separate embodiment may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. On the contrary, unless explicitly stated, the various features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments individually or in any suitable subcombination.

[0145] Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it should be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Instead, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

[0146] In addition, various implementations of the present disclosure may be described with reference to the following clauses, and features thereof may be combined in any reasonable manner.

[0147] Item 1. A first device for communication, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: receive path loss offset information between a first channel and a second channel from a second device, wherein the first channel is from the first device to the second device, and the second channel is from the first device to a third device that serves as an uplink-only transmission receiving point; determine a first path loss value of the first channel from the first device to the second device; determine a ramp-up transmission power for transmission to the third device based on the path loss offset information and the first path loss value; and perform the transmission with the third device on the second channel based on the ramp-up transmission power.

[0148] Clause 2. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first apparatus is caused to: in response to the path loss offset information indicating a path loss difference between the first channel and the second channel, determine the ramp-up transmission power based on the path loss difference and the first path loss value.

[0149] Clause 3. A first device according to claim 1, wherein the first device: in response to the path loss offset information indicating a path loss adjustment factor based on the ratio of the first path loss value to the second path loss value of the second channel, determines the ramp-up transmission power based on the path loss adjustment factor and the first path loss value.

[0150] Clause 4. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the path loss offset information is received in radio resource control signaling.

[0151] Clause 5. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first channel is a physical uplink control channel between the first apparatus and the second apparatus, and the second channel is a physical uplink control channel between the first apparatus and the third apparatus.

[0152] Clause 6. The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first channel is a physical uplink shared channel between the first apparatus and the second apparatus, and the second channel is a physical uplink shared channel between the first apparatus and the third apparatus.

[0153] Clause 7. The first apparatus of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0154] Item 8. A second device for communication, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to: determine path loss offset information between a first channel and a second channel, wherein the first channel is from the first device to the second device, and the second channel is from the first device to a third device that serves as an uplink-only transmission receiving point, wherein the path loss offset information is used to determine a ramp-up transmission power for transmission on the second channel; and send the path loss offset information to the first device.

[0155] Clause 9. The second apparatus of claim 8, wherein the path loss offset information indicates a path loss difference between the first channel and the second channel.

[0156] Clause 10. The second apparatus of claim 8, wherein the path loss offset information indicates a path loss adjustment factor based on a ratio of the first path loss value to a second path loss value of the second channel.

[0157] Clause 11. A second device according to claim 8, wherein the second device is enabled to: determine whether previous path loss offset information is available at the first device; and based on determining that the previous path loss offset information is unavailable or expired, send the path loss offset information to the first device in radio resource control signaling.

[0158] Clause 12. The second apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first channel is a physical uplink control channel between the first apparatus and the second apparatus, and the second channel is a physical uplink control channel between the first apparatus and the third apparatus.

[0159] Clause 13. The second apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first channel is a physical uplink shared channel between the first apparatus and the second apparatus, and the second channel is a physical uplink shared channel between the first apparatus and the third apparatus.

[0160] Clause 14. The second apparatus of any one of Claims 8-13, wherein the first apparatus is a terminal device and the second apparatus is a network device.

[0161] Clause 15. A method for communication implemented at a first device, comprising: receiving path loss offset information between a first channel and a second channel from a second device, wherein the first channel is from the first device to the second device and the second channel is from the first device to a third device that serves as an uplink-only transmission receiving point; determining a first path loss value of the first channel from the first device to the second device; determining a ramp-up transmission power for transmission to the third device based on the path loss offset information and the first path loss value; and performing the transmission with the third device on the second channel based on the ramp-up transmission power.

[0162] Item 16. A method for communication at a second device, comprising: determining path loss offset information between a first channel and a second channel, wherein the first channel is from the first device to the second device, and the second channel is from the first device to a third device that serves as an uplink-only transmission receiving point, wherein the path loss offset information is used to determine a ramp-up transmission power for transmission on the second channel; and sending the path loss offset information to the first device.

[0163] Clause 17. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon, the instructions for causing an apparatus to at least perform the method of claim 15 or 16.

Claims

1. A first apparatus for communication, comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: receiving, from a second device, path loss offset information between a first channel and a second channel, wherein the first channel is from the first device to the second device and the second channel is from the first device to a third device that is a reception point for uplink-only transmissions; determining a first path loss value of the first channel from the first device to the second device; determining a ramped transmit power for transmissions to the third device based on the path loss offset information and the first path loss value; as well as The transmitting with the third device is performed on the second channel based on the ramped transmit power.

2. The first device according to claim 1, wherein the first device: In response to the path loss offset information indicating a path loss difference between the first channel and the second channel, the ramp-up transmission power is determined based on the path loss difference and the first path loss value.

3. The first device according to claim 1, wherein the first device: In response to the path loss offset information indicating a path loss adjustment factor based on a ratio of the first path loss value to a second path loss value of the second channel, the ramp-up transmission power is determined based on the path loss adjustment factor and the first path loss value. 4 . The first apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the path loss offset information is received in radio resource control signaling. 5 . The first device of claim 1 , wherein the first channel is a physical uplink control channel between the first device and the second device, and the second channel is a physical uplink control channel between the first device and the third device. 6 . The first device of claim 1 , wherein the first channel is a physical uplink shared channel between the first device and the second device, and the second channel is a physical uplink shared channel between the first device and the third device.

7. The first apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first apparatus is a terminal device, and the second apparatus is a network device.

8. A second device for communication, comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the second device to: determining path loss offset information between a first channel from the first device to the second device and a second channel from the first device to a third device that is a reception point for uplink-only transmissions, wherein the path loss offset information is used to determine a ramp-up transmission power for transmissions on the second channel; as well as The path loss offset information is sent to the first device. 9 . The second device according to claim 8 , wherein the path loss offset information indicates a path loss difference between the first channel and the second channel.

10. A method implemented at a first device, comprising: receiving, from a second device, path loss offset information between a first channel and a second channel, wherein the first channel is from the first device to the second device and the second channel is from the first device to a third device that is a reception point for uplink-only transmissions; determining a first path loss value of the first channel from the first device to the second device; determining a ramped transmit power for transmissions to the third device based on the path loss offset information and the first path loss value; as well as The transmitting with the third device is performed on the second channel based on the ramped transmit power.

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