5G communication antenna electromagnetic compatibility enhancement method, device and equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a 5G communication antenna electromagnetic compatibility enhancement method, device and equipment, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication networks, and the method comprises the steps: collecting frequency band-space electromagnetic intensity data in real time through a distributed sensor network, and constructing a three-dimensional mapping model in combination with base station beam parameters and polarization information; interference frequency band coordinates are screened based on the model, a phase gradient compensation value is calculated by using a polarization mismatch degree, an antenna array is driven to reconstruct a radiation pattern, and polarization orthogonal nulling is formed in an interference area; the port standing-wave ratio is synchronously monitored, closed-loop optimization is triggered, the antenna weight and the polarization direction are dynamically adjusted until indexes converge, and the problems of insufficient dynamic interference suppression precision, polarization mismatch compensation lag and the like in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication network technology, and in particular to a method, device and equipment for enhancing the electromagnetic compatibility performance of a 5G communication antenna. Background Art

[0002] In current 5G communication systems, antenna arrays face increasingly prominent electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues. This is especially true in dense base station deployment scenarios, where multi-band signals interfere with each other, leading to distortion in antenna radiation direction and deterioration in port standing wave ratio (SWR). Traditional solutions often employ fixed filtering or static beamforming techniques, which are unable to track dynamic interference sources in real time. Furthermore, they lack a joint analysis of the spatial distribution and polarization characteristics of the interference frequency band, resulting in inaccurate null region generation. While existing technologies propose sensor network-based interference detection, they fail to address the issues of polarization mismatch compensation and dynamic coupling of beam parameters. This can easily lead to sidelobe energy leakage, particularly in the millimeter wave band, making it difficult to meet the stringent EMC requirements of the 5G NR standard. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for enhancing the electromagnetic compatibility performance of a 5G communication antenna, comprising the following steps: The current beam parameters and polarization direction information of the base station antenna array are combined with the electromagnetic radiation intensity data obtained by distributed sensors to establish a mapping model that includes frequency bands, spatial coordinates, and polarization dimensions. The spatial coordinates corresponding to the interference frequency band are screened out by the mapping model, and the phase gradient compensation value of the antenna array is calculated according to the coupling relationship between the polarization direction information and the main lobe tilt angle; The phase gradient compensation value is used to adjust the feed phase of the antenna unit so that the adjusted radiation direction forms a polarization-orthogonal null region at the spatial coordinate corresponding to the interference frequency band, and the iterative step size of the sidelobe suppression coefficient is corrected in real time using the current beam parameters; The polarization orthogonality effect is verified by monitoring the change in the port voltage standing wave ratio in the null region. If the standing wave ratio exceeds a preset threshold, a multi-parameter collaborative optimization algorithm based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the interference frequency band is triggered to reallocate the antenna unit weights and update the polarization direction information until the electromagnetic compatibility indicators converge. The electromagnetic compatibility indicators include the port voltage standing wave ratio and the radiation intensity threshold.

[0004] Furthermore, the steps of using the current beam parameters and polarization direction information of the base station antenna array in combination with the electromagnetic radiation intensity data acquired by the distributed sensors include: Collect real-time beam pointing angle, beam width parameters and polarization direction angle data of base station antenna array; By using the real-time beam pointing angle, beam width parameter and polarization direction angle data, the distributed sensor network is instructed to obtain electromagnetic radiation intensity data of each frequency band in a preset spatial grid, wherein the electromagnetic radiation intensity data includes electromagnetic radiation intensity values.

[0005] Furthermore, the step of establishing a mapping model including frequency bands, spatial coordinates, and polarization dimensions includes: Classifying the electromagnetic radiation intensity data acquired by the distributed sensors by frequency band and binding them to the spatial coordinates of the sensors in real time to generate an initial two-dimensional intensity coordinate system with the frequency band as the horizontal axis and the spatial coordinates as the vertical axis; Extracting a ratio of a main polarization component to a cross-polarization component from the polarization direction information of the base station antenna array as a polarization constraint parameter, and weightedly fusing the ratio with the electromagnetic radiation intensity at the corresponding spatial coordinate to form a three-dimensional data node containing a polarization dimension; Performing spatial interpolation calculations on the three-dimensional data nodes based on the beam pointing angle and beam width in the current beam parameters to generate a continuous mapping model, wherein high-frequency interference intensity data is dynamically aligned and calibrated with the narrow beam spatial coordinates of the beam coverage area; The polarization constraint parameter and the beam pointing angle are used as boundary conditions to modify the mapping model and output a multidimensional mapping relationship table including frequency band priorities, polarization suppression weights, and coordinate offsets.

[0006] Furthermore, the step of filtering out the spatial coordinates corresponding to the interference frequency band through the mapping model and calculating the phase gradient compensation value of the antenna array according to the coupling relationship between the polarization direction information and the main lobe tilt angle includes: Extracting frequency band data exceeding a preset threshold from the mapping model, and locking the corresponding spatial coordinate set and polarization constraint parameters; Performing vector superposition of the main polarization axis angle in the polarization direction information and the current beam main lobe tilt angle, calculating the polarization mismatch between the two at the spatial coordinates of the interference frequency band, and generating an initial weight coefficient for phase gradient compensation; According to the positional topological relationship between the spatial coordinate set and the antenna array units, a spatial differential operation is performed on the initial weight coefficients in combination with the polarization mismatch degree to obtain the phase gradient compensation value of each antenna unit, wherein the main lobe tilt angle is introduced into the compensation value calculation of the high-frequency interference area.

[0007] Furthermore, the phase gradient compensation value is used to adjust the feeding phase of the antenna unit so that the adjusted radiation direction forms a polarization-orthogonal null region at the spatial coordinate corresponding to the interference frequency band, and the iterative step size of the sidelobe suppression coefficient is corrected in real time using the current beam parameters, including: Generate a feed phase offset instruction set for each antenna element based on the phase gradient compensation value, perform element-by-element phase modulation on the radio frequency channel of the antenna array, and generate a polarization-orthogonal radiation null at the spatial coordinate corresponding to the interference frequency band; The initial iteration step of the sidelobe suppression coefficient is dynamically calculated according to the beam width and the pointing angle in the current beam parameters. When the main lobe tilt angle changes beyond a preset threshold, the iteration step is corrected according to the beam pointing angle offset.

[0008] Furthermore, during the formation of the null region, the phase difference between adjacent antenna units is synchronously monitored, and the phase compensation value is smoothed and filtered in combination with the coordinate offset in the multidimensional mapping relationship table to ensure phase continuity during the iteration of the sidelobe suppression coefficient.

[0009] Furthermore, the polarization orthogonality effect is verified by monitoring the change in the port voltage standing wave ratio in the null region. If the standing wave ratio exceeds a preset threshold, a multi-parameter collaborative optimization algorithm based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the interference frequency band is triggered to reallocate antenna unit weights and update polarization direction information until the electromagnetic compatibility indicators converge. The steps include: Acquire voltage standing wave ratio data of the antenna port corresponding to the null region in real time, and extract corresponding spatial coordinates and polarization direction information of the current interference frequency band when it is detected that the standing wave ratio exceeds a preset threshold; Based on the polarization suppression weights corresponding to the spatial coordinates in the mapping model, calculating the adjustment amplitude of the antenna unit weight distribution value and the polarization direction angle so that the adjusted antenna polarization direction forms an orthogonal match with the polarization characteristics of the interference source; Redistributing the excitation weights of the antenna array elements according to the spatial coordinate distribution, synchronously updating the polarization direction angle data in the current beam parameters, and generating a new radiation direction; The updated port VSWR data is verified cyclically. If it still does not meet the standard, the optimization step size is dynamically reduced in combination with the beam width parameter until the VSWR is stabilized within the preset electromagnetic compatibility index range.

[0010] The present invention proposes a 5G communication antenna electromagnetic compatibility performance enhancement device, comprising: A model unit is used to use the current beam parameters and polarization direction information of the base station antenna array and the electromagnetic radiation intensity data obtained by the distributed sensors to establish a mapping model including frequency bands, spatial coordinates and polarization dimensions; a compensation unit, configured to filter out the spatial coordinates corresponding to the interference frequency band through the mapping model, and calculate the phase gradient compensation value of the antenna array according to the coupling relationship between the polarization direction information and the main lobe tilt angle; a correction unit, configured to adjust the feed phase of the antenna unit using the phase gradient compensation value so that the adjusted radiation direction forms a polarization-orthogonal null region at the spatial coordinate corresponding to the interference frequency band, and simultaneously use the current beam parameters to correct the iterative step size of the sidelobe suppression coefficient in real time; The compatibility unit is used to verify the polarization orthogonality effect by monitoring the change in the voltage standing wave ratio of the port in the null region. If the standing wave ratio exceeds the preset threshold, the multi-parameter collaborative optimization algorithm based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the interference frequency band is triggered to reallocate the antenna unit weights and update the polarization direction information until the electromagnetic compatibility indicators converge. The present invention also provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the above-mentioned method for enhancing the electromagnetic compatibility performance of a 5G communication antenna are implemented.

[0011] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned method for enhancing the electromagnetic compatibility performance of 5G communication antennas.

[0012] The method, device, and equipment for enhancing the electromagnetic compatibility performance of 5G communication antennas provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: (1) By fusing the mapping model with real-time beam parameters, the interference source can be accurately located and its polarization characteristics can be identified. Compared with the traditional single frequency domain filtering method, the interference suppression accuracy is improved and the application in dense interference scenarios in the millimeter wave band is optimized.

[0013] (2) Based on the phase gradient compensation value and polarization orthogonal matching, the antenna direction can be adjusted and an adaptive null area can be formed to reduce the port voltage standing wave ratio of the target interference frequency band, effectively avoiding the deterioration of communication quality.

[0014] (3) The multi-parameter collaborative optimization is triggered by real-time feedback of the standing wave ratio change, combined with the dynamic correction of the beam width and polarization direction angle to ensure the convergence stability of the electromagnetic compatibility indicators, reduce the false trigger rate, and extend the service life of the antenna array.

[0015] (4) The distributed sensor network is compatible with the existing base station hardware architecture, eliminating the need for new dedicated filtering modules. Algorithm loading is achieved through software-defined radio (SDR), reducing deployment costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of a method for enhancing electromagnetic compatibility performance of a 5G communication antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of a device for enhancing electromagnetic compatibility performance of a 5G communication antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] Reference Figure 1 , is a flow chart of a method for enhancing the electromagnetic compatibility performance of a 5G communication antenna proposed by the present invention, the method comprising the following steps: S1 uses the current beam parameters and polarization direction information of the base station antenna array, combined with the electromagnetic radiation intensity data obtained by distributed sensors, to establish a mapping model that includes frequency bands, spatial coordinates, and polarization dimensions; S2, filtering out the spatial coordinates corresponding to the interference frequency band through the mapping model, and calculating the phase gradient compensation value of the antenna array according to the coupling relationship between the polarization direction information and the main lobe tilt angle; S3, adjusting the antenna unit feed phase using the phase gradient compensation value so that the adjusted radiation direction forms a polarization-orthogonal null region at the spatial coordinate corresponding to the interference frequency band, and simultaneously correcting the iterative step size of the sidelobe suppression coefficient in real time using the current beam parameters; S4 verifies the polarization orthogonality effect by monitoring the change in the port voltage standing wave ratio in the null region. If the standing wave ratio exceeds the preset threshold, a multi-parameter collaborative optimization algorithm based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the interference frequency band is triggered to reallocate the antenna unit weights and update the polarization direction information until the electromagnetic compatibility indicators converge. The electromagnetic compatibility indicators include the port voltage standing wave ratio and the radiation intensity threshold.

[0020] In one embodiment, step S1 of using current beam parameters and polarization direction information of the base station antenna array in combination with electromagnetic radiation intensity data acquired by distributed sensors includes: Collect real-time beam pointing angle, beam width parameters and polarization direction angle data of base station antenna array; By using the real-time beam pointing angle, beam width parameter and polarization direction angle data, the distributed sensor network is instructed to obtain electromagnetic radiation intensity data of each frequency band in a preset spatial grid, wherein the electromagnetic radiation intensity data includes electromagnetic radiation intensity values.

[0021] In this embodiment, precise electromagnetic radiation data collection is achieved by dynamically linking base station antenna parameters with the sensor network. The specific process involves real-time acquisition of the base station antenna array's beam pointing angle (azimuth angle θ, elevation angle φ), beam width (Δθ, Δφ), and polarization angle ψ. The sensor monitoring area is dynamically divided into spatial grids based on the beam pointing angle. The sampling frequency of the sensors within the grid is adjusted based on the beam width (high-frequency sampling for narrow beams and low-frequency sampling for wide beams). Invalid data is filtered using the polarization angle as a constraint (only signals with an angle deviation of ψ of ≤5° are collected). Finally, the base station parameters are aligned with the frequency band-space electromagnetic intensity values measured by the sensors based on the timestamp, generating a structured data packet containing grid coordinates, frequency band, intensity, and polarization angle for invocation by the 3D mapping model.

[0022] The beamwidth calculation above includes: ; The derivation logic of this calculation formula is: the beam width is inversely proportional to the size of the antenna array. When the number of units N or M increases, the beam becomes narrower. By calculating the beam width in real time, the area that the sensor needs to focus on monitoring can be determined. is the wavelength of the current working frequency band (in meters); N, M are the number of rows and columns of the antenna array, and d is the spacing between antenna elements in the antenna array; and is the beam pointing angle collected in real time.

[0023] In the example case of this embodiment, the working frequency band is The antenna array is an 8*8 array unit with a distance between units of , and real-time beam pointing , The above formula is used to calculate as follows: ; Based on the 24.8° and 101.2° angular coverage, the following electromagnetic radiation intensity data in dBm can be determined from the 8*8 antenna array:

[0024] In one embodiment, the step of establishing a mapping model including frequency bands, spatial coordinates, and polarization dimensions includes: Classifying the electromagnetic radiation intensity data acquired by the distributed sensors by frequency band and binding them to the spatial coordinates of the sensors in real time to generate an initial two-dimensional intensity coordinate system with the frequency band as the horizontal axis and the spatial coordinates as the vertical axis; Extracting a ratio of a main polarization component to a cross-polarization component from the polarization direction information of the base station antenna array as a polarization constraint parameter, and weightedly fusing the ratio with the electromagnetic radiation intensity at the corresponding spatial coordinate to form a three-dimensional data node containing a polarization dimension; Performing spatial interpolation calculations on the three-dimensional data nodes based on the beam pointing angle and beam width in the current beam parameters to generate a continuous mapping model, wherein high-frequency interference intensity data is dynamically aligned and calibrated with the narrow beam spatial coordinates of the beam coverage area; The polarization constraint parameter and the beam pointing angle are used as boundary conditions to modify the mapping model and output a multidimensional mapping relationship table including frequency band priorities, polarization suppression weights, and coordinate offsets.

[0025] In this embodiment, a mapping model is constructed by fusing frequency band, spatial coordinate and polarization dimension data. The process is divided into four steps: (1) the electromagnetic intensity measured by the sensor is classified by frequency band and bound to the spatial grid coordinate to form a frequency band-space two-dimensional matrix; (2) the main / cross component ratio of the base station polarization direction is extracted and weighted superimposed on the two-dimensional matrix to generate a three-dimensional data node; (3) according to the real-time beam pointing and width, the three-dimensional nodes are interpolated to generate a continuous surface, and the high-frequency band data is calibrated to align with the narrow beam area; (4) with the polarization parameters and beam angle as constraints, a mapping table containing frequency band priority, polarization weight and coordinate offset is output.

[0026] Polarization constraint parameters The calculation is as follows:

[0027] Where, is the main polarization component power, is the cross-polarization component power, 、 are the corresponding electric field intensity components, it can be understood that The larger the value, the higher the polarization purity. The weighted fusion calculation of the weighted superposition to the two-dimensional matrix to generate the three-dimensional data node is: ; Where, is the electromagnetic intensity value in the two-dimensional matrix, The preset maximum polarization ratio (such as 30dB).

[0028] The execution process of the example is as follows: Generate a two-dimensional matrix Perform weighted fusion of polarization three ;

[0029] Finally, the output mapping table:

[0030] In one embodiment, the step of filtering out the spatial coordinates corresponding to the interference frequency band through the mapping model, and calculating the phase gradient compensation value of the antenna array based on the coupling relationship between the polarization direction information and the main lobe tilt angle includes: Extracting frequency band data exceeding a preset threshold from the mapping model, and locking the corresponding spatial coordinate set and polarization constraint parameters; Performing vector superposition of the main polarization axis angle in the polarization direction information and the current beam main lobe tilt angle, calculating the polarization mismatch between the two at the spatial coordinates of the interference frequency band, and generating an initial weight coefficient for phase gradient compensation; According to the positional topological relationship between the spatial coordinate set and the antenna array units, a spatial differential operation is performed on the initial weight coefficients in combination with the polarization mismatch degree to obtain the phase gradient compensation value of each antenna unit, wherein the main lobe tilt angle is introduced into the compensation value calculation of the high-frequency interference area.

[0031] In this embodiment, interference sources are screened based on a mapping model and phase compensation values are calculated to achieve antenna direction generation. Specifically, frequency band data with intensity exceeding a threshold is extracted from the mapping model, and its spatial coordinates and polarization parameters are obtained. The main polarization axis angle of the base station is superimposed with the main lobe tilt vector, and the polarization deviation at the interference coordinate is calculated. According to the topological relationship of the antenna position, the polarization mismatch degree is converted into the initial compensation weight of each unit, and a main lobe tilt change rate correction factor is introduced into the high-frequency band interference area to optimize the accuracy of the compensation value.

[0032] The polarization mismatch corresponding to the above polarization deviation is The calculation process is: ; Where, Represents the main polarization axis angle, which comes from the preset base station parameters. 、 The antenna elevation angle and azimuth angle are the main lobe tilt angles respectively. Represents the azimuth of the interference source spatial coordinates (the Output by the mapping model). The polarization mismatch The initial compensation weights converted to each unit are: ; Where, represents the interference intensity recorded in the mapping model, To preset the interference threshold (e.g. -65dBm), a main lobe tilt rate correction factor is introduced for high-frequency interference region I. , specifically: ; Where, represents the main lobe tilt changing rate, Indicates the preset maximum rate of change, represents the compensation weight difference value of the kth antenna element.

[0033] Based on the implementation description, the following uses a specific case to further illustrate: First, set the scene, the communication base station parameters are as follows 、 、 、 , the data output by the mapping model is:

[0034] After the scene is set, the specific embodiment is executed, first locking the interference frequency band, and then performing polarization mismatch calculate: ; Perform weight conversion: ; Make corrections: ; The value of 0.135 is the compensation weight differential value of the antenna unit, which is obtained by the difference between the weight values of two adjacent array antenna units.

[0035]

[0036] In one embodiment, the phase gradient compensation value is used to adjust the feeding phase of the antenna unit so that the adjusted radiation direction forms a polarization-orthogonal null region at the spatial coordinates corresponding to the interference frequency band, and the iterative step size of the sidelobe suppression coefficient is corrected in real time using the current beam parameters, including: Generate a feed phase offset instruction set for each antenna element based on the phase gradient compensation value, perform element-by-element phase modulation on the radio frequency channel of the antenna array, and generate a polarization-orthogonal radiation null at the spatial coordinate corresponding to the interference frequency band; The initial iteration step of the sidelobe suppression coefficient is dynamically calculated according to the beam width and the pointing angle in the current beam parameters. When the main lobe tilt angle changes beyond a preset threshold, the iteration step is corrected according to the beam pointing angle offset.

[0037] In this embodiment, phase gradient compensation drives antenna feed adjustment, generating polarization-orthogonal nulls in the interference region and dynamically optimizing sidelobe suppression efficiency. The compensation value is converted into phase offset instructions for each antenna element, which are then modulated through the RF channel to create a radiation null at the interference coordinates, achieving null generation. The iteration step size is calculated based on real-time beam parameters (beamwidth, pointing angle), and is dynamically adjusted when the mainlobe tilt angle changes suddenly, ensuring rapid convergence of sidelobe energy and optimizing sidelobe suppression.

[0038] For the generation of the above feed phase offset instruction set, the offset calculation is performed on k antenna elements: ; Where, represents the phase offset of the kth antenna element, is the phase gradient compensation value obtained before the step of this embodiment, is the wavelength, and the current frequency is expressed as In the process of dynamically calculating the initial iterative step of the sidelobe suppression coefficient according to the beam width and pointing angle in the current beam parameters, the calculation process formula is: ; Where, is the initial iteration step size, K is the preset empirical constant, is the pitch angle of the beam; when the main lobe tilt angle changes beyond the preset threshold, the iteration step size is corrected according to the beam pointing angle offset. The judgment formula is as follows: ; Based on this formula, the initial iterative step size is corrected to obtain a corrected step size.

[0039] In one embodiment, during the formation of the null region, the phase difference between adjacent antenna units is synchronously monitored, and the phase compensation value is smoothed and filtered in combination with the coordinate offset in the multidimensional mapping relationship table to ensure phase continuity during the iteration of the sidelobe suppression coefficient.

[0040] In this embodiment, during the null region formation process, phase discontinuities caused by sudden changes in compensation values are identified by real-time monitoring of the phase differences between adjacent antenna elements (i.e., the difference in phase offsets between adjacent elements after compensation). When the phase difference between adjacent elements exceeds a preset tolerance (e.g., ±30°), the phase compensation values are dynamically smoothed and filtered based on the interference source coordinate offset (i.e., the deviation between the estimated interference source's actual location and the grid center) recorded in the multidimensional mapping table. Specifically, the filter window width is dynamically adjusted based on the coordinate offset: the larger the offset (the further the interference source's location deviates from the grid center), the wider the filter window (e.g., from 3×3 cells to 5×5 cells). A weighted average calculation is performed on the compensation values, with the weight coefficient inversely proportional to the coordinate offset (regions with larger offsets are assigned lower weights to prevent overcorrection). Furthermore, the filtered phase compensation values are used as the initial input for iterative sidelobe suppression coefficient calculations, ensuring a smooth phase gradient across adjacent elements during mainlobe reconstruction and preventing sidelobe energy oscillations caused by phase jumps.

[0041] In one embodiment, the polarization orthogonality effect is verified by monitoring the change in the voltage standing wave ratio of the port in the null region. If the standing wave ratio exceeds a preset threshold, a multi-parameter collaborative optimization algorithm based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the interference frequency band is triggered to reallocate antenna unit weights and update polarization direction information until the electromagnetic compatibility index converges. The steps include: Acquire voltage standing wave ratio data of the antenna port corresponding to the null region in real time, and extract corresponding spatial coordinates and polarization direction information of the current interference frequency band when it is detected that the standing wave ratio exceeds a preset threshold; Based on the polarization suppression weights corresponding to the spatial coordinates in the mapping model, calculating the adjustment amplitude of the antenna unit weight distribution value and the polarization direction angle so that the adjusted antenna polarization direction forms an orthogonal match with the polarization characteristics of the interference source; Redistributing the excitation weights of the antenna array elements according to the spatial coordinate distribution, synchronously updating the polarization direction angle data in the current beam parameters, and generating a new radiation direction; The updated port VSWR data is verified cyclically. If it still does not meet the standard, the optimization step size is dynamically reduced in combination with the beam width parameter until the VSWR is stabilized within the preset electromagnetic compatibility index range.

[0042] In this embodiment, dynamic parameter optimization is triggered by standing wave ratio monitoring to ensure stable and qualified polarization orthogonality. The specific process involves real-time monitoring of the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the antenna port corresponding to the null region. When the VSWR exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., 2.0), the spatial coordinates and polarization direction information of the current interference frequency band are extracted from the mapping model. Based on the polarization suppression weight corresponding to the coordinates, the antenna element weight adjustment amplitude (e.g., a 20% weight reduction) and polarization angle compensation (e.g., a 5° angle offset) are calculated to achieve orthogonal matching between the antenna polarization direction and the interference source. Subsequently, the antenna element excitation weights are reallocated based on the interference spatial coordinates (e.g., the weights in high-interference areas are increased by a factor of 1.2), and the polarization angle in the beam parameters is simultaneously updated to generate a new radiation pattern. Finally, the updated VSWR is repeatedly checked. If it does not meet the standard, the parameter adjustment is gradually refined based on the real-time beam width (e.g., when Δθ = 25°, the optimization step size is reduced from 0.1 to 0.05) until the VSWR stabilizes below 1.5.

[0043] Reference Attachment Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the 5G communication antenna electromagnetic compatibility performance enhancement device proposed by the present invention, which includes: A model unit is used to use the current beam parameters and polarization direction information of the base station antenna array and the electromagnetic radiation intensity data obtained by the distributed sensors to establish a mapping model including frequency bands, spatial coordinates and polarization dimensions; a compensation unit, configured to filter out the spatial coordinates corresponding to the interference frequency band through the mapping model, and calculate the phase gradient compensation value of the antenna array according to the coupling relationship between the polarization direction information and the main lobe tilt angle; a correction unit, configured to adjust the feed phase of the antenna unit using the phase gradient compensation value so that the adjusted radiation direction forms a polarization-orthogonal null region at the spatial coordinate corresponding to the interference frequency band, and simultaneously use the current beam parameters to correct the iterative step size of the sidelobe suppression coefficient in real time; The compatibility unit is used to verify the polarization orthogonality effect by monitoring the change in the port voltage standing wave ratio in the null zone. If the standing wave ratio exceeds the preset threshold, a multi-parameter collaborative optimization algorithm based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the interference frequency band is triggered to reallocate the antenna unit weights and update the polarization direction information until the electromagnetic compatibility indicators converge.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 In an embodiment of the present invention, a computer device is also provided. The computer device may be a server, and its internal structure may be as follows: Figure 3 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, memory, display screen, input device, network interface and database connected via a system bus. The processor of the computer design is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store the corresponding data in this embodiment. The network interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the above method is implemented.

[0045] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 3 The structure shown in the figure is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the solution of the present invention and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present invention is applied.

[0046] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements the above-described method when executed by a processor. It is understood that the computer-readable storage medium in this embodiment can be a volatile readable storage medium or a non-volatile readable storage medium.

[0047] In summary, the present invention relates to the field of 5G communication technology, and specifically discloses a method and device for enhancing the electromagnetic compatibility performance of antennas, which address the problems of insufficient dynamic interference suppression accuracy and delayed polarization mismatch compensation in the prior art. The method comprises: collecting frequency band-space electromagnetic intensity data in real time through a distributed sensor network, and constructing a three-dimensional mapping model by combining base station beam parameters and polarization information; screening the interference frequency band coordinates based on the model, calculating the phase gradient compensation value using the polarization mismatch degree, driving the antenna array to reconstruct the radiation pattern, and forming a polarization orthogonal null in the interference area; synchronously monitoring the port standing wave ratio and triggering closed-loop optimization, dynamically adjusting the antenna weight and polarization direction until the indicators converge.

[0048] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware using a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the above-described method embodiments. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other media provided herein and used in the embodiments may include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double-speed SDRAM (SSRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), RAMbus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct RAMbus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and RAMbus dynamic RAM.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, apparatus, article, or method comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, apparatus, article, or method. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, apparatus, article, or method comprising the element.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present invention description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for enhancing the electromagnetic compatibility performance of a 5G communication antenna, characterized in that: Including steps: The current beam parameters and polarization direction information of the base station antenna array are combined with the electromagnetic radiation intensity data obtained by distributed sensors to establish a mapping model that includes frequency bands, spatial coordinates, and polarization dimensions. The spatial coordinates corresponding to the interference frequency band are screened out by the mapping model, and the phase gradient compensation value of the antenna array is calculated according to the coupling relationship between the polarization direction information and the main lobe tilt angle; The phase gradient compensation value is used to adjust the feed phase of the antenna unit so that the adjusted radiation direction forms a polarization-orthogonal null region at the spatial coordinate corresponding to the interference frequency band, and the iterative step size of the sidelobe suppression coefficient is corrected in real time using the current beam parameters; The polarization orthogonality effect is verified by monitoring the change in the port voltage standing wave ratio in the null region. If the standing wave ratio exceeds a preset threshold, a multi-parameter collaborative optimization algorithm based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the interference frequency band is triggered to reallocate the antenna unit weights and update the polarization direction information until the electromagnetic compatibility indicators converge. The electromagnetic compatibility indicators include the port voltage standing wave ratio and the radiation intensity threshold.

2. The method for enhancing electromagnetic compatibility of a 5G communication antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The steps of using the current beam parameters and polarization direction information of the base station antenna array in combination with the electromagnetic radiation intensity data obtained by the distributed sensors include: Collect real-time beam pointing angle, beam width parameters and polarization direction angle data of base station antenna array; By using the real-time beam pointing angle, beam width parameter and polarization direction angle data, the distributed sensor network is instructed to obtain electromagnetic radiation intensity data of each frequency band in a preset spatial grid, wherein the electromagnetic radiation intensity data includes electromagnetic radiation intensity values.

3. The method for enhancing electromagnetic compatibility of a 5G communication antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The steps for establishing a mapping model including frequency bands, spatial coordinates, and polarization dimensions include: Classifying the electromagnetic radiation intensity data acquired by the distributed sensors by frequency band and binding them to the spatial coordinates of the sensors in real time to generate an initial two-dimensional intensity coordinate system with the frequency band as the horizontal axis and the spatial coordinates as the vertical axis; Extracting a ratio of a main polarization component to a cross-polarization component from the polarization direction information of the base station antenna array as a polarization constraint parameter, and weightedly fusing the ratio with the electromagnetic radiation intensity at the corresponding spatial coordinate to form a three-dimensional data node containing a polarization dimension; Performing spatial interpolation calculations on the three-dimensional data nodes based on the beam pointing angle and beam width in the current beam parameters to generate a continuous mapping model, wherein high-frequency interference intensity data is dynamically aligned and calibrated with the narrow beam spatial coordinates of the beam coverage area; The polarization constraint parameter and the beam pointing angle are used as boundary conditions to modify the mapping model and output a multidimensional mapping relationship table including frequency band priorities, polarization suppression weights, and coordinate offsets.

4. The method for enhancing electromagnetic compatibility of a 5G communication antenna according to claim 3, wherein: The step of screening out the spatial coordinates corresponding to the interference frequency band by using the mapping model, and calculating the phase gradient compensation value of the antenna array according to the coupling relationship between the polarization direction information and the main lobe tilt angle includes: Extracting frequency band data exceeding a preset threshold from the mapping model, and locking the corresponding spatial coordinate set and polarization constraint parameters; Performing vector superposition of the main polarization axis angle in the polarization direction information and the current beam main lobe tilt angle, calculating the polarization mismatch between the two at the spatial coordinates of the interference frequency band, and generating an initial weight coefficient for phase gradient compensation; According to the positional topological relationship between the spatial coordinate set and the antenna array units, a spatial differential operation is performed on the initial weight coefficients in combination with the polarization mismatch degree to obtain the phase gradient compensation value of each antenna unit, wherein the main lobe tilt angle is introduced into the compensation value calculation of the high-frequency interference area.

5. The method for enhancing electromagnetic compatibility of a 5G communication antenna according to claim 4, wherein: The step of adjusting the antenna unit feed phase using the phase gradient compensation value so that the adjusted radiation direction forms a polarization-orthogonal null region at the spatial coordinate corresponding to the interference frequency band, and simultaneously using the current beam parameters to correct the iterative step size of the sidelobe suppression coefficient in real time includes: Generate a feed phase offset instruction set for each antenna element based on the phase gradient compensation value, perform element-by-element phase modulation on the radio frequency channel of the antenna array, and generate a polarization-orthogonal radiation null at the spatial coordinate corresponding to the interference frequency band; The initial iteration step of the sidelobe suppression coefficient is dynamically calculated according to the beam width and the pointing angle in the current beam parameters. When the main lobe tilt angle changes beyond a preset threshold, the iteration step is corrected according to the beam pointing angle offset.

6. The method for enhancing electromagnetic compatibility of a 5G communication antenna according to claim 5, wherein: During the formation of the null region, the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements is monitored synchronously, and the phase compensation value is smoothed and filtered in combination with the coordinate offset in the multidimensional mapping relationship table to ensure phase continuity during the iteration of the sidelobe suppression coefficient.

7. The method for enhancing electromagnetic compatibility of a 5G communication antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The polarization orthogonality effect is verified by monitoring the change in the port voltage standing wave ratio in the null region. If the standing wave ratio exceeds the preset threshold, a multi-parameter collaborative optimization algorithm based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the interference frequency band is triggered to reallocate antenna unit weights and update polarization direction information until the electromagnetic compatibility indicators converge. The steps include: Acquire voltage standing wave ratio data of the antenna port corresponding to the null region in real time, and extract corresponding spatial coordinates and polarization direction information of the current interference frequency band when it is detected that the standing wave ratio exceeds a preset threshold; Based on the polarization suppression weights corresponding to the spatial coordinates in the mapping model, calculating the adjustment amplitude of the antenna unit weight distribution value and the polarization direction angle so that the adjusted antenna polarization direction forms an orthogonal match with the polarization characteristics of the interference source; Redistributing the excitation weights of the antenna array elements according to the spatial coordinate distribution, synchronously updating the polarization direction angle data in the current beam parameters, and generating a new radiation direction; The updated port VSWR data is verified cyclically. If it still does not meet the standard, the optimization step size is dynamically reduced in combination with the beam width parameter until the VSWR is stabilized within the preset electromagnetic compatibility index range.

8. A 5G communication antenna electromagnetic compatibility performance enhancement device, characterized in that: include: A model unit is used to use the current beam parameters and polarization direction information of the base station antenna array and the electromagnetic radiation intensity data obtained by the distributed sensors to establish a mapping model including frequency bands, spatial coordinates and polarization dimensions; a compensation unit, configured to filter out the spatial coordinates corresponding to the interference frequency band through the mapping model, and calculate the phase gradient compensation value of the antenna array according to the coupling relationship between the polarization direction information and the main lobe tilt angle; a correction unit, configured to adjust the feed phase of the antenna unit using the phase gradient compensation value so that the adjusted radiation direction forms a polarization-orthogonal null region at the spatial coordinate corresponding to the interference frequency band, and simultaneously use the current beam parameters to correct the iterative step size of the sidelobe suppression coefficient in real time; The compatibility unit is used to verify the polarization orthogonality effect by monitoring the change in the port voltage standing wave ratio in the null zone. If the standing wave ratio exceeds the preset threshold, a multi-parameter collaborative optimization algorithm based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the interference frequency band is triggered to reallocate the antenna unit weights and update the polarization direction information until the electromagnetic compatibility indicators converge.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for enhancing the electromagnetic compatibility performance of a 5G communication antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for enhancing the electromagnetic compatibility performance of a 5G communication antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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