Green manure crushing and returning device

Abstract

The invention discloses a green manure smashing and returning device which comprises a rack, a traction frame used for being connected with a tractor is fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the rack, a smashing roller is rotationally arranged at the bottom of the rack, and the smashing roller is connected with the output end of an engine of the tractor through a transmission mechanism arranged on the rack; the interior of the smashing roller is of a hollow structure, a plurality of sets of tool aprons are evenly arranged on the peripheral wall of the smashing roller at intervals, the tool aprons of all the sets are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the smashing roller, and all the tool aprons are in sliding fit with through holes formed in the peripheral wall of the smashing roller. A crushing cutter is fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the crushing roller, of each cutter holder; a smashing height adjusting mechanism used for driving all the tool aprons to stretch out and draw back synchronously is arranged in the smashing roller. According to the green manure plant smashing and returning device, the ground clearance of the smashing cutter can be conveniently adjusted, and the smashing and returning requirements of different environments and different types of green manure plants can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a green manure crushing and returning device to the field. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural production, green manure (such as astragalus, sweet potato, sesbania, etc.) is an important organic fertilizer that can effectively improve soil structure, increase soil organic matter content, improve soil fertility, and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. The operation method of directly crushing green manure plants on arable land without harvesting is called green manure returning to the field technology. During the green manure returning to the field, a crushing and returning machine needs to be used for operation. Then, the height of the crushing knife of the conventional crushing and returning machine is adjusted to achieve the height of different working environments. The operation is relatively inconvenient. Without solving the above problems, the prior art CN201910588069.3 discloses a crushing head and a crushing and returning machine for an orchard green manure crushing and returning machine, which realizes the adjustment of the height of the crushing knife from the ground by arranging an electric telescopic rod on the crushing roller to connect the mounting frame on which the crushing knife is installed. However, this method is in a state of leakage during operation, and it will continue to be in violent contact with green manure plants and soil, and the reliability of the work is poor. Therefore, a green manure crushing and returning device is developed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a green manure crushing and returning device to the field to solve the technical problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a green manure crushing and returning device to the field, comprising a frame, a traction frame for connecting to a tractor is fixedly provided on the upper part of the frame, a crushing roller is rotatably provided on the bottom of the frame, and the crushing roller is connected to the engine output end of the tractor through a transmission mechanism provided on the frame; the interior of the crushing roller is a hollow structure, and a plurality of groups of knife seats are evenly spaced on the peripheral wall thereof, the knife seats of each group are evenly arranged along the circumference of the crushing roller, and each of the knife seats is respectively slidably matched with a through hole opened on the peripheral wall of the crushing roller, and a crushing knife is fixedly provided on the end of each knife seat away from the crushing roller; the interior of the crushing roller is provided with a crushing height adjustment mechanism for driving all the knife seats to synchronously extend and retract.

[0006] Furthermore, two mounting shafts are symmetrically fixedly provided at both ends of the outer portion of the crushing roller, and the two mounting shafts are rotatably connected to the side walls of the frame.

[0007] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a transmission box fixedly arranged on the upper part of the frame, a driving shaft is rotatably provided at the front end of the transmission box, the axis of the driving shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the crushing roller and its end located outside the transmission box is connected to the engine output end of the tractor, and a first bevel gear is provided at one end of the driving shaft located inside the transmission box; a driven shaft is rotatably provided at one side end of the transmission box, the axis of the driven shaft is parallel to the axis of the crushing roller, and a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear is provided at one end of the driven shaft located inside the transmission box, and the end of the driven shaft located outside the transmission box is transmission-connected to the mounting shaft at the corresponding end.

[0008] Furthermore, one end of the driven shaft located outside the transmission box extends to the outside of the frame and is sleeved with a first pulley at the end, and the corresponding free end of the mounting shaft also extends to the outside of the frame and is sleeved with a second pulley at the end, and the first pulley and the second pulley are connected by a transmission belt.

[0009] Furthermore, a protective cover is fixedly provided on the outside of the frame on the outside of the first pulley, the second pulley and the transmission belt.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the crushing knives is symmetrically and fixedly provided with two groups of crushing teeth, and the cross section of each crushing tooth is cross-shaped.

[0011] Furthermore, the crushing height adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of evenly spaced mounting plates fixedly arranged inside the crushing roller, each of the mounting plates being respectively arranged corresponding to each group of the knife seats, and the outer peripheral walls being respectively fixedly fitted with the inner peripheral walls of the crushing roller; a plurality of first linear slide grooves are evenly provided on one side of each mounting plate along the circumference, and the plurality of knife seats corresponding to each mounting plate are located inside the crushing roller and are respectively slidably matched with each first linear slide groove; a plurality of second linear slide grooves connected to each first linear slide groove are evenly provided on the other side of each mounting plate along the circumference, and a sliding column slidably matched with the corresponding second linear slide groove is respectively fixedly provided on one end of each knife seat close to the axis of the crushing roller, and a toggle mechanism for driving each sliding column to slide along the corresponding second linear slide groove is provided inside the crushing roller.

[0012] Furthermore, the toggle mechanism includes a first gear shaft and a second gear shaft that are parallel and rotatably arranged inside the crushing roller, and the second gear shaft coincides with the axis of the crushing roller; each mounting plate is provided with a through hole that is respectively clearance-matched with the first gear shaft and the second gear shaft; the first gear shaft is respectively provided with a driving pinion at a position close to the side where the second linear slide groove is provided on each mounting plate, and the second gear shaft is provided with a plurality of driven large gears that are respectively meshed with each driving pinion, and each driven large gear is uniformly provided with an arc slide groove with the same number as the knife seats of each group along the circumferential direction, and each slide column extends from one end of the knife seat to the outside of the mounting plate and slidably matches with the corresponding arc slide groove; one end of the first gear shaft extends to the outside of the crushing roller and is provided with a drive head.

[0013] Furthermore, a locking mechanism for fixing the first gear shaft is provided on the outer end wall of the pulverizing roller.

[0014] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes a mounting plate fixedly provided on the outer end wall of the crushing roller, a nut is fixedly provided on the upper part of the mounting plate and a through hole is provided which coincides with the axis of the nut, a locking screw is provided in the nut and is threadedly connected to the nut, and the first gear shaft is evenly provided with a plurality of locking blind holes with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the locking screw at a position corresponding to the locking screw along the circumferential direction.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] The present invention can rotate the driving head by using a tool such as a wrench to rotate the first gear shaft. When the active small gears on the first gear shaft rotate, the corresponding driven large gear is driven to rotate through the meshing action. During the rotation, the arc slides on the driven large gear will drive the corresponding slide post to slide in the second linear slide slot, and the knife seat fixedly connected to the slide post slides in the first linear slide slot, so that the knife seats can synchronously telescope and move, realizing convenient adjustment of the height of the crushing knife from the ground, which can adapt to the crushing and returning of green manure plants of different environments and types to the field, and the crushing height adjustment mechanism is located inside the crushing roller and will not come into violent contact with external green manure plants and soil, which is beneficial to ensuring the service life of the transmission components and the reliability of the work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is the overall front view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is an overall cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a crushing roller according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of the crushing height adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the locking mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Frame; 2. Traction frame; 3. Crushing roller; 4. Mounting shaft; 5. Transmission box; 6. Driving shaft; 7. First bevel gear; 8. Driven shaft; 9. Second bevel gear; 10. First pulley; 11. Second pulley; 12. Transmission belt; 13. Protective cover; 14. Blade holder; 15. Crushing knife; 16. Crushing teeth; 17. Mounting plate; 18. First linear slide; 19. Second linear slide; 20. Slide column; 21. First gear shaft; 22. Second gear shaft; 23. Driving small gear; 24. Driven large gear; 25. Arc slide; 26. Drive head; 27. Mounting plate; 28. Nut; 29. Locking screw; 30. Locking blind hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, a green manure crushing and returning device includes a frame 1, a traction frame 2 for connecting a tractor is fixedly provided on the upper part of the frame 1, a crushing roller 3 is rotatably installed on the bottom of the frame 1, and two mounting shafts 4 are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the outer side of the crushing roller, and the two mounting shafts 4 are rotatably connected to the side walls of the frame 1.

[0025] The crushing roller 3 is connected to the tractor's engine output via a transmission mechanism mounted on the frame 1. In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism includes a transmission case 5 fixedly mounted on the upper portion of the frame 1. A driving shaft 6 is rotatably mounted on the front end of the transmission case 5. The axis of the driving shaft 6 is perpendicular to the axis of the crushing roller 3, and the end thereof located outside the transmission case 5 is connected to the tractor's engine output. A first bevel gear 7 is mounted on the end of the driving shaft 6 located inside the transmission case 5. A driven shaft 8 is rotatably mounted on one side end of the transmission case 5. The axis of the driven shaft 8 is parallel to the axis of the crushing roller 3. A second bevel gear 9 is mounted on the end of the driven shaft 8 located inside the transmission case 5, which meshes with the first bevel gear 7. The end of the driven shaft 8 located outside the transmission case 5 is in transmission connection with the mounting shaft 4 at the corresponding end.

[0026] Specifically: one end of the driven shaft 8 located outside the transmission box 4 extends to the outside of the frame 1 and is fitted with a first pulley 10 at the end thereof, and the corresponding free end of the mounting shaft 4 also extends to the outside of the frame 1 and is fitted with a second pulley 11 at the end thereof, and the first pulley 10 and the second pulley 11 are connected by a transmission belt 12.

[0027] After the tractor's engine power is transmitted to the driving shaft 6, the meshing transmission of the first bevel gear 7 and the second bevel gear 9 causes the driven shaft 8 to rotate, and the driven shaft 8 drives the crushing roller 3 to rotate via a belt drive. In addition, a protective cover 13 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the frame 1, outside the first pulley 10, the second pulley 11, and the transmission belt 12. During operation, the protective cover 13 provides shielding and protection for the first pulley 10, the second pulley 11, and the transmission belt 12.

[0028] The crushing roller 3 has a hollow interior and is evenly spaced along its circumferential wall with multiple sets of blade holders 14. Each set of blade holders 14 is evenly spaced along the circumference of the crushing roller 3 and slidably engages with a through-hole formed in the circumferential wall of the crushing roller 3. A crushing blade 15 is fixedly mounted on the end of each blade holder 14 facing away from the crushing roller 3. Each crushing blade 15 is symmetrically fixed with two sets of crushing teeth 16. Each crushing tooth 16 has a cross-shaped cross-section, and the tooth edges of both sets of the crushing teeth 16 are oriented perpendicularly to the blade direction of the crushing blade 15.

[0029] The interior of the pulverizing roller 3 is provided with a pulverizing height adjustment mechanism for driving all the knife seats 14 to extend and retract synchronously.

[0030] In this example, the crushing height adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of evenly spaced mounting plates 17 fixedly mounted within the crushing roller. Each mounting plate 17 corresponds to a respective set of blade holders 14, and its outer peripheral wall is fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the crushing roller 3 by welding. A plurality of first linear slides 18 are uniformly circumferentially defined on one side of each mounting plate 17. The portions of the blade holders 14 corresponding to each mounting plate 17 located within the crushing roller 3 slide in engagement with each of the first linear slides 18. A plurality of second linear slides 19 are uniformly circumferentially defined on the other side of each mounting plate 17, each communicating with each of the first linear slides 18. A slide post 20 is fixedly mounted on one end of each blade holder 14, proximate the axis of the crushing roller 3, and slides in engagement with the corresponding second linear slide 19. A toggle mechanism is provided within the crushing roller 3 for driving each slide post 20 to slide along the corresponding second linear slide 19.

[0031] The shifting mechanism includes a first gear shaft 21 and a second gear shaft 22 that are rotatably mounted parallel to each other within the pulverizing roller 3. The second gear shaft 22 coincides with the axis of the pulverizing roller 3. Each mounting plate 17 is provided with a through hole that is clearance-matched with the first gear shaft 21 and the second gear shaft 22. A driving pinion 23 is mounted on each first gear shaft 21 near the side of the mounting plate 17 where the second linear slot 19 is located. A plurality of driven gears 24 are mounted on the second gear shaft 22, each meshing with the driving pinion 23. Each driven gear 24 is uniformly circumferentially defined with an equal number of arcuate slots 25 as the number of blade holders 14 in each group. The end of each slide post 20, away from the blade holder 14, extends to the exterior of the mounting plate 17 and slidably engages with the corresponding arcuate slot 25. One end of the first gear shaft 21 extends to the exterior of the pulverizing roller 3 and is provided with a drive head 26.

[0032] The present invention can rotate the driving head 26 by using a tool such as a wrench to rotate the first gear shaft 21. When the active small gears 23 on the first gear shaft 21 rotate, the corresponding driven large gear 24 is driven to rotate through the meshing action. During the rotation, the arc-shaped slide grooves 25 on the driven large gear 24 will drive the corresponding slide column 20 to slide in the second linear slide groove, and the knife seat fixedly connected to the slide column slides in the first linear slide groove, so that the knife seats can synchronously extend and retract, realizing convenient adjustment of the height of the crushing knife from the ground, which can adapt to the crushing and returning of green manure plants to the field in different environments and different types. In addition, the crushing height adjustment mechanism is located inside the crushing roller and will not come into violent contact with external green manure plants and soil, which is beneficial to ensuring the service life of the transmission components and the reliability of the work.

[0033] The outer end wall of the pulverizing roller 3 is provided with a locking mechanism for securing the first gear shaft 21. Specifically, the locking mechanism includes a mounting plate 27 fixedly mounted on the outer end wall of the pulverizing roller 3. A nut 28 is welded to the upper portion of the mounting plate 27 and defines a through-hole aligned with the axis of the nut 28. The inner diameter of the through-hole is larger than the inner diameter of the nut. A locking screw 29 is threadedly mounted within the nut 28. The first gear shaft 21 is provided with multiple locking blind holes 30, each with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the locking screw 29, uniformly disposed along the circumference at positions corresponding to the locking screw 29. Once the height of the pulverizing blade is adjusted above the ground, the locking screw can be rotated to engage its end in the locking blind hole located above the first gear shaft, achieving a locking engagement and preventing the first gear shaft from rotating during installation.

[0034] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A green manure crushing and returning device, characterized by: The invention comprises a frame, the upper part of which is fixedly provided with a traction frame for connecting to a tractor, the bottom of which is rotatably provided with a crushing roller, and the crushing roller is connected to the engine output end of the tractor through a transmission mechanism provided on the frame; the interior of the crushing roller is a hollow structure and a plurality of groups of knife seats are evenly spaced on its peripheral wall, the knife seats of each group are evenly arranged along the circumference of the crushing roller and each of the knife seats is respectively slidably matched with a through hole opened on the peripheral wall of the crushing roller, and a crushing knife is fixedly provided at one end of each knife seat away from the crushing roller; the interior of the crushing roller is provided with a crushing height adjustment mechanism for driving all the knife seats to synchronously extend and retract.

2. The green manure crushing and returning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two mounting shafts are symmetrically fixedly provided at both ends of the outer portion of the crushing roller, and the two mounting shafts are rotatably connected to the side walls of the frame.

3. The green manure crushing and returning device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a transmission box fixedly arranged on the upper part of the frame, a driving shaft is rotatably provided at the front end of the transmission box, the axis of the driving shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the crushing roller and its end located outside the transmission box is connected to the engine output end of the tractor, and a first bevel gear is provided at one end of the driving shaft located inside the transmission box; a driven shaft is rotatably provided at one side end of the transmission box, the axis of the driven shaft is parallel to the axis of the crushing roller, a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear is provided at one end of the driven shaft located inside the transmission box, and the end of the driven shaft located outside the transmission box is transmission-connected to the mounting shaft at the corresponding end.

4. The green manure crushing and returning device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: One end of the driven shaft located outside the transmission box extends to the outside of the frame and is sleeved with a first pulley at the end thereof, and the corresponding free end of the mounting shaft also extends to the outside of the frame and is sleeved with a second pulley at the end thereof, and the first pulley and the second pulley are connected by a transmission belt.

5. The green manure crushing and returning device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A protective cover is fixedly provided on the outer side of the frame on the outside of the first pulley, the second pulley and the transmission belt.

6. The green manure crushing and returning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two groups of crushing teeth are symmetrically fixedly arranged on each crushing knife, and the cross section of each crushing tooth is cross-shaped.

7. The green manure crushing and returning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The crushing height adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of evenly spaced mounting plates fixedly arranged inside the crushing roller, each of the mounting plates being respectively arranged corresponding to each group of the knife seats, and the outer peripheral walls being respectively fixedly fitted with the inner peripheral walls of the crushing roller; a plurality of first linear slide grooves are evenly provided on one side of each mounting plate along the circumference, and the plurality of knife seats corresponding to each mounting plate are located inside the crushing roller and are respectively slidably matched with each first linear slide groove; a plurality of second linear slide grooves connected to each first linear slide groove are evenly provided on the other side of each mounting plate along the circumference, and each knife seat is respectively fixedly provided with a sliding column slidably matched with the corresponding second linear slide groove at one end close to the axis of the crushing roller, and a toggle mechanism for driving each sliding column to slide along the corresponding second linear slide groove is provided inside the crushing roller.

8. The green manure crushing and returning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The toggle mechanism includes a first gear shaft and a second gear shaft which are parallelly arranged and rotated inside the crushing roller, and the second gear shaft coincides with the axis of the crushing roller; each mounting plate is provided with a through hole which is respectively clearance-matched with the first gear shaft and the second gear shaft; the first gear shaft is respectively provided with a driving pinion at a position close to the side where the second linear slide groove is provided on each mounting plate, and the second gear shaft is provided with a plurality of driven large gears which are respectively meshed with each driving pinion, and each driven large gear is uniformly provided with an arc slide groove with the same number as the knife seats of each group along the circumferential direction, and each slide column extends to the outside of the mounting plate at one end away from the knife seat and slidably matches with the corresponding arc slide groove; one end of the first gear shaft extends to the outside of the crushing roller and is provided with a drive head.

9. The green manure crushing and returning device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A locking mechanism for fixing the first gear shaft is provided on the outer end wall of the pulverizing roller.

10. The green manure crushing and returning device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes a mounting plate fixedly arranged on the outer end wall of the crushing roller, a nut is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the mounting plate and a through hole is opened which coincides with the axis of the nut, a locking screw is arranged in the nut and is threadedly connected to the nut, and the first gear shaft is evenly opened along the circumference at a position corresponding to the locking screw, with a plurality of locking blind holes whose inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the locking screw.

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