Method for improving cuttage survival rate of rhizoma acori graminei rhizomes

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant propagation, and discloses a method for improving the cuttage survival rate of rhizoma acori graminei rootstocks, which comprises the following steps: selecting and preparing materials, pretreating cuttings, selecting rhizoma acori graminei rootstocks in a good state, a substrate, a disinfectant, an exogenous reagent and experimental water, and performing cuttage operation, namely cutting the rhizoma acori graminei rootstocks into small sections, 2-3 sections are reserved on each section, then the cutting slips are soaked in IAA solutions with different concentrations, and maintenance is conducted after cuttage. According to the method, the rhizoma acori graminei rhizome is adopted for cuttage and is matched with the 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) with the specific concentration for treatment, and the rooting rate and the emergence rate can be greatly increased. For example, the rooting rate reaches 68% and the emergence rate reaches 70% after treatment with 50mg / LIAA, and compared with a control group (the rooting rate is 40% and the emergence rate is 50%) without treatment with IAA, the breeding efficiency is remarkably improved. Therefore, a large number of rhizoma acori graminei seedlings can be obtained within a short time, the requirements of the market for the seedlings are met, and powerful support is provided for large-scale planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant propagation, in particular to a method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings. Background Art

[0002] As a perennial monocotyledonous plant of the genus Acorus in the family Araceae, Acorus calamus occupies an important position in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. Its application history can be traced back to ancient times. The "Shennong Bencao Jing" listed it as a top-grade product, and the classical "Xian Jing" praised it as "the elite of aquatic plants and the magic medicine of immortals." It has a history of more than 2,000 years of medicinal use. Acorus calamus has the effects of opening the mind and eliminating phlegm, refreshing the mind and improving intelligence, removing dampness and stimulating appetite. It plays a key role in the treatment of various diseases and health care. Due to its unique pharmacological activity, it has also attracted much attention in modern clinical applications, and the market demand continues to grow.

[0003] Seed propagation is a common method in existing Acorus calamus cultivation techniques, but the germination rate of Acorus calamus seeds is extremely low, making it difficult to obtain sufficient seedlings through seed propagation in actual production. Therefore, the current method of obtaining Acorus calamus seedlings still relies mainly on wild digging and division propagation. Wild digging directly obtains Acorus calamus plants from the natural environment. Although it can quickly obtain seedlings, it also causes serious damage to wild resources. Division propagation involves dividing existing Acorus calamus plants to cultivate new individuals. The operation is relatively simple, but the propagation rate is slow, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale cultivation.

[0004] Existing Acorus calamus planting technology has many shortcomings. From the perspective of seed propagation, the low germination rate seriously limits its application in large-scale planting, resulting in insufficient supply of seedlings and an inability to meet the growing market demand. The wild excavation method, which is overly dependent on wild resources, not only destroys the ecological balance and affects the population reproduction of Acorus calamus in the natural environment, but also requires a 4-5 year recovery period after excavation, further exacerbating the resource shortage. Although division propagation is relatively environmentally friendly, its propagation efficiency is low, and it is difficult to provide a large number of seedlings in a short period of time, which restricts the large-scale development of the Acorus calamus planting industry. In view of this, we propose a method to improve the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings, which solves the problem that the supply of Acorus calamus rhizome seedlings is insufficient and cannot meet the growing market demand.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solution: a method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Material selection and preparation steps: Select Acorus calamus rhizomes with good growth conditions and no diseases and pests as cuttings; prepare the cutting medium, which is a mixture of sand and sheep manure in a volume ratio of 2:1 and disinfected with 800 times of carbendazim; prepare the experimental water as ultrapure water produced by an ultrapure water machine, as well as the exogenous reagent 3-indoleacetic acid.

[0008] Cuttings pretreatment steps: Cut the rhizomes of Acorus calamus into small segments of 5-8 cm in length, retaining 2-3 nodes in each segment, and then soak the cuttings in IAA solutions of different concentrations for 4-6 hours.

[0009] Cutting operation steps: Insert the pre-treated cuttings into the disinfected substrate at a plant spacing of 10-15 cm, and bury all the cuttings in the soil with a cover of 1-2 cm.

[0010] Post-cutting maintenance steps: After the cutting is completed, keep the substrate moist but avoid water accumulation; build a shade net in the cutting area; do not apply fertilizer during the rooting period.

[0011] Preferably, during the material selection and preparation steps, the pH of the prepared cutting medium is adjusted to 6.2-6.8 using a 0.5% to 1.5% ferrous sulfate solution or a 1% to 2% lime milk. During adjustment, the pH of the medium is checked every two hours, and the solution or lime milk is stirred evenly after each addition for 15-20 minutes.

[0012] Preferably, in the cutting pretreatment step, 0.15% to 0.25% by mass of vitamin B12 and 0.05% to 0.1% by mass of salicylic acid are added to the IAA solution in which the cuttings are soaked. When preparing the solution, the vitamin B12 and salicylic acid are first dissolved in a small amount of anhydrous ethanol, and then added to the IAA solution and stirred evenly at a stirring speed of 300-400 rpm for 10 to 15 minutes.

[0013] Preferably, in the cutting operation step, after the cuttings are inserted into the matrix, a small wooden stick with a diameter of 0.8-1.2 cm is used to gently tamp the matrix around the cuttings at an angle of 45°-60°, with a tamping depth of 3.5-4.5 cm, and 3-5 points are tamped around each cutting.

[0014] Preferably, in the cutting operation step, after the cutting is completed, a layer of screened rice husks is covered on the surface of the substrate, the rice husk particle size is 2-4 mm, and the covering thickness is 1.2-1.8 cm. When covering, first sprinkle a layer of rice husks evenly on the surface of the substrate, and then gently compact it with a wooden board. The degree of compaction should be such that the rice husks are in close contact but not broken.

[0015] Preferably, in the post-cutting maintenance step, the substrate is kept moist by an automatic spray device, the nozzle aperture of the spray device is 0.3-0.5 mm, the spray interval time is 3.5-4.5 hours, each spray time is 6-8 minutes, and during spraying, the height of the nozzle from the substrate surface is 30-50 cm.

[0016] Preferably, in the post-cutting maintenance step, the sunshade net constructed is an adjustable sunshade net with a mesh density of 12-15 per square centimeter. The shading rate of the sunshade net is adjusted in real time according to the light intensity by an electric control device. The sensing range of the light intensity sensor is 500-2000 lux. When the light intensity is higher than 1500 lux, the sunshade net automatically unfolds to increase the shading rate; when the light intensity is lower than 1000 lux, the sunshade net automatically retracts to reduce the shading rate.

[0017] Preferably, in the post-cutting maintenance step, the cutting area is air circulated once a week, and a small fan with a power of 20-30 watts is used to blow air in the cutting area. The distance between the fan and the cutting seedlings is 80-120 cm, the fan speed is controlled at 1.2-1.8 m / s, the blowing direction is at an angle of 30°-45° to the row direction of the cutting seedlings, and the blowing time is 2.5-3 hours.

[0018] Preferably, during the post-cutting maintenance step, during the rooting period, the cutting area is sprayed with a 1200-1300 times diluted potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 8-9 days. During spraying, a backpack sprayer is used with a pressure of 2-3 atmospheres, the spray nozzle atomizes the droplets to a size of 100-150 microns, and the spray volume per mu is 30-40 liters.

[0019] The present invention provides a method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings. The method has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention significantly improves rooting and seedling emergence rates by using Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings and treating them with a specific concentration of 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA). For example, the rooting rate reached 68% and the seedling emergence rate reached 70% in the 50mg / L IAA treatment group, significantly improving reproductive efficiency compared to the control group without IAA treatment (rooting rate 40% and seedling emergence rate 50%). This allows for the acquisition of large numbers of Acorus calamus seedlings in a short period of time, meeting market demand for seedlings and providing strong support for large-scale planting.

[0021] 2. The present invention positively impacts the growth indicators of Acorus calamus seedlings through treatment with different concentrations of IAA, effectively optimizing seedling quality. In terms of plant height, the mean plant height of seedlings treated with 20 mg / LIAA reached 27.20 ± 4.14 cm, significantly higher than the 16.47 ± 3.81 cm in the control group. In terms of leaf count, the mean leaf count of seedlings treated with 100 mg / LIAA was the highest, at 7.07 ± 3.06. Indicators such as the number of fibrous roots, root tips, and root length were also improved under treatment with different concentrations of IAA. High-quality seedlings have stronger growth potential and adaptability, helping to improve the yield and quality of Acorus calamus.

[0022] 3. This technical solution solves the problems of low germination rates of Acorus calamus seeds and reliance on wild harvesting for seedlings, reducing damage to wild resources and contributing to ecological protection. Furthermore, by improving cutting propagation efficiency and seedling quality, it reduces the cost of planting Acorus calamus and improves its profitability. This provides technical support for the sustainable development of the Acorus calamus industry, promoting rural industrial revitalization and the healthy development of the Traditional Chinese Medicine industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rhizome of Acorus calamus treated with 10 mg / LIAA according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rhizome of Acorus calamus treated with 20 mg / LIAA according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rhizome of Acorus calamus treated with 50 mg / LIAA of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rhizome of Acorus calamus treated with 100 mg / LIAA of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rhizome of Acorus calamus treated with 200 mg / LIAA of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rhizome of Acorus calamus without IAA treatment in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a chart showing the effects of different concentrations of exogenous reagents on root traits in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the specification of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 8 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings, comprising the following steps:

[0034] Material Selection and Preparation: Select healthy, pest-free Acorus calamus rhizomes from high-quality provenances as cuttings. Mix sand and sheep manure in a 2:1 volume ratio to create a cutting medium. Disinfect with 800x carbendazim. Adjust the pH of the medium to 6.5 using a 1% ferrous sulfate solution. Check the pH every two hours during this adjustment process, stirring for 15 minutes after each addition. Prepare ultrapure water and 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA).

[0035] Cutting Pretreatment: Cut the Acorus calamus rhizomes into 6-cm segments, retaining two nodes in each segment. Add 0.2% vitamin B12 and 0.08% salicylic acid to a 10 mg / L IAA solution. Dissolve both in a small amount of anhydrous ethanol, then add the IAA solution and stir at 350 rpm for 12 minutes.

[0036] Cutting Procedure: Insert pre-treated cuttings into the substrate at a 12 cm spacing. Use a 1 cm diameter wooden stick to gently tamp the substrate at a 50° angle around the cuttings to a depth of 4 cm, tamping at four points around each cutting. After the cuttings are inserted, cover the substrate with 3 mm rice husks to a thickness of 1.5 cm and gently compact with a wooden board.

[0037] Post-cutting care: Maintain the substrate moist using an automatic spray device with a nozzle aperture of 0.4 mm. Spray every four hours, for seven minutes each time, and keep the nozzle 40 cm from the substrate surface. Build an adjustable sunshade net with a mesh density of 13 per square centimeter. Unfold the net when the light intensity is above 1500 lux and retract it when it is below 1000 lux. Ventilate the cutting area weekly with a small 25-watt fan. Position the fan 100 cm from the cuttings, at a speed of 1.5 m / s, at a 35° angle to the direction of the row, for 2.5 hours. During the rooting period, spray the leaves with a 1250-fold potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every eight days using a backpack sprayer at a pressure of 2.5 atmospheres and a droplet size of 120 microns. Apply 35 liters of solution per mu.

[0038] Example 2:

[0039] Material selection and preparation: pest-free Acorus calamus rhizomes were selected, and substrate mixing, disinfection, experimental water, and reagent preparation were the same as in Example 1. The pH value of the substrate was adjusted to 6.6 with 1.2% lime milk, and the pH value was checked every 2 hours and stirred for 20 minutes.

[0040] Cutting pretreatment: Cut the rhizomes into 7 cm segments, retaining three nodes in each segment. Add 0.18% vitamin B12 and 0.06% salicylic acid to a 20 mg / L IAA solution and stir at 320 rpm for 13 minutes.

[0041] Cuttings: Plant cuttings at a 13cm spacing. Use a 0.9cm diameter wooden stick to tamp the substrate around the cuttings at a 45° angle to a depth of 3.5cm, with three tamps around each cutting. Cover with 2mm rice husks to a thickness of 1.2cm and compact thoroughly.

[0042] Post-cutting care: Spray with a 0.3 mm nozzle aperture, spray every 3.5 hours, and each spray session for 6 minutes, holding the nozzle 30 cm from the substrate surface. Shade netting with a mesh density of 12 per square centimeter, automatically adjusted according to light intensity. Ventilate with a 22-watt small fan, 80 cm from the cuttings, at a speed of 1.2 m / s, at a 30° angle to the direction of the row, for 2.8 hours. Apply a 1200x potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to the leaves every nine days, using a sprayer pressure of 2 atmospheres and a droplet size of 100 microns. Apply 30 liters of solution per mu (approximately 1.5 acres).

[0043] Example 3:

[0044] Material selection and preparation: Select qualified Acorus calamus rhizomes, and prepare the substrate, experimental water, and reagents in the same manner as in Example 1. Use 0.8% ferrous sulfate solution to adjust the substrate pH to 6.4, and test and stir as required.

[0045] Cutting pretreatment: Cut the rhizomes into 5 cm segments, retaining two nodes in each segment. Add 0.22% vitamin B12 and 0.09% salicylic acid to a 50 mg / L IAA solution and stir at 400 rpm for 10 minutes.

[0046] Cuttings: Plant cuttings at a 10cm spacing. Use a 1.2cm diameter stick to tamp the substrate around the cuttings at a 60° angle to a depth of 4.5cm, with 5 tamps around each cutting. Cover with 4mm rice husks to a thickness of 1.8cm and compact thoroughly.

[0047] Post-cutting care: Use a spray nozzle with a 0.5 mm aperture, spray every 4.5 hours, and each spray session for 8 minutes. Keep the nozzle 50 cm from the substrate surface. Use a shade net with a mesh density of 15 per square centimeter, automatically adjusting according to light intensity. Use a 30-watt small fan for ventilation, 120 cm from the cuttings, at a speed of 1.8 m / s, at a 45° angle to the direction of the row, for 3 hours. Apply a 1300-fold potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to the leaves every 9 days, using a sprayer pressure of 3 atmospheres and a droplet size of 150 microns. Apply 40 liters of solution per mu (approximately 1.5 acres).

[0048] Example 4:

[0049] Material selection and preparation: Select appropriate Acorus calamus rhizomes, mix the substrate, sterilize, and prepare the experimental water and reagents as in Example 1. Adjust the pH value of the substrate to 6.8 with 1.5% ferrous sulfate solution, and perform the detection and stirring operations in accordance with the standard.

[0050] Cutting pretreatment: Cut the rhizomes into 8 cm segments, retaining three nodes in each segment. Add 0.25% vitamin B12 and 0.1% salicylic acid to a 100 mg / L IAA solution and stir at 380 rpm for 14 minutes.

[0051] Cuttings: Plant cuttings at a 15cm spacing. Use a 1.1cm diameter stick to tamp the substrate around the cuttings at a 55° angle to a depth of 4.2cm, tamping four points around each cutting. Cover with 3.5mm rice husks to a thickness of 1.6cm and compact thoroughly.

[0052] Post-cutting care: Spray with a nozzle diameter of 0.45 mm, spray every 4.2 hours, and each spray for 7.5 minutes. Keep the nozzle 45 cm from the substrate surface. Shade netting has a mesh density of 14 per square centimeter, automatically adjusting according to light intensity. Ventilate with a small 28-watt fan, 110 cm from the cuttings, at a speed of 1.6 m / s, at a 40° angle to the direction of the row, for 2.7 hours. Apply a 1280-fold potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to the leaves every eight days, using a sprayer pressure of 2.8 atmospheres and a droplet size of 130 microns. Apply 38 liters of solution per mu (approximately 1.5 acres).

[0053] Embodiment 5:

[0054] Material selection and preparation: Select high-quality Acorus calamus rhizomes, and prepare the substrate, experimental water, and reagents in the same manner as in Example 1. Use 1% lime milk to adjust the pH value of the substrate to 6.3, and perform testing and stirring as required.

[0055] Cutting pretreatment: Cut the rhizomes into 5.5 cm segments, retaining two nodes in each segment. Add 0.16% vitamin B12 and 0.07% salicylic acid to a 200 mg / L IAA solution and stir at 330 rpm for 11 minutes.

[0056] Cutting Procedure: Plant cuttings at an 11 cm spacing. Use a 0.95 cm diameter wooden stick to tamp the substrate around the cuttings at a 48° angle to a depth of 3.8 cm, tamping at three points around each cutting. Cover with 2.5 mm rice husks to a thickness of 1.3 cm and compact thoroughly.

[0057] Post-cutting care: Spray the cuttings with a nozzle diameter of 0.35 mm, spray every 3.8 hours, and each spray session for 6.5 minutes. Keep the nozzle 35 cm from the substrate surface. Use a shade net with a mesh density of 13 per square centimeter, automatically adjusting according to light intensity. Use a 23-watt small fan for ventilation, 90 cm from the cuttings, at a wind speed of 1.3 m / s, at a 32° angle to the direction of the row, for 2.6 hours. Apply a 1220-fold potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to the leaves every nine days, using a sprayer pressure of 2.2 atmospheres and a droplet size of 110 microns. Apply 32 liters of solution per mu (approximately 1.5 acres).

[0058] Comparative Example (CK):

[0059] Material Selection and Preparation: Select Acorus calamus rhizomes and sterilize the substrate with a 2:1 mix of sand and sheep manure. Use ultrapure water. However, do not adjust the pH of the substrate; use a substrate with a natural pH value. Do not prepare IAA.

[0060] Pretreatment of cuttings: Cut the rhizomes into small sections, retain 2-3 nodes in each section, and soak them in clean water for 6-8 hours. The cuttings are not refrigerated and vitamin B12 and salicylic acid are not added.

[0061] Cutting operation: Cuttings are planted at a spacing of 10-15 cm between rows and plants, and inserted flatly into the sterilized substrate, covered with 1-2 cm of soil. After the cuttings are inserted, the substrate does not need to be compacted, nor is the surface of the substrate covered with rice husks.

[0062] Post-cutting care: Do not use an automatic sprayer; rely on occasional manual watering to maintain substrate moisture. Use a standard fixed-shading netting system, not adjusted based on light intensity. No ventilation is provided, and no potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed on the leaves.

[0063] The following experimental conclusions are obtained based on the above five groups of embodiments and one group of comparative examples:

[0064] Experimental setup:

[0065] Acorus calamus rhizomes collected from Mingtang Village, Yuexi County, Anqing City, were identified as Acorus calamus. The cutting medium consisted of a 2:1 volume ratio of sand and sheep manure, disinfected with 800 times the concentration of carbendazim, and ultrapure water was used. Five groups of cuttings were soaked in IAA solutions at concentrations of 10 mg / L, 20 mg / L, 50 mg / L, 100 mg / L, and 200 mg / L, respectively, for 4-6 hours. A control group of cuttings was not treated with IAA.

[0066] Rooting rate and seedling emergence rate:

[0067] The rooting rate of the control group was only 40%, and the seedling emergence rate was 50%. The rooting rate and seedling emergence rate of the examples treated with IAA were significantly improved, among which the rooting rate of 50mg / L IAA treatment was the highest, reaching 68%, and the seedling emergence rate was 70%; the rooting rates of 10mg / L, 200mg / L, and 100mg / L IAA treatments were 60%, 60%, and 56%, respectively, and the seedling emergence rate was 64%; the rooting rate of 20mg / L IAA treatment was 58%, and the seedling emergence rate was 58%. This shows that IAA can effectively promote the rooting and seedling emergence of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings, and the 50mg / L concentration has the best effect in promoting rooting and seedling emergence.

[0068] Seedling growth indicators:

[0069] Plant height: The mean plant height in the control group was 16.47 ± 3.81 cm. The mean plant height in the 20 mg / L IAA treatment was the highest, reaching 27.20 ± 4.14 cm. The mean plant height in the other concentration treatments ranged from 20.39 to 24.39 cm. This indicates that different concentrations of IAA promote the growth of Acorus tatarinowii seedlings, with the effect being more pronounced at 20 mg / L.

[0070] Leaf number and leaf width: The mean leaf number in the control group was 4.27 ± 1.10, and the mean leaf width of the second leaf was 0.39 ± 0.14 cm. The mean leaf number in the 100 mg / L IAA treatment was the highest, at 7.07 ± 3.06 leaves; the mean leaf width of the second leaf in the 10 mg / L IAA treatment was the largest, at 0.47 ± 0.25 cm. This indicates that IAA can increase leaf number and leaf width, with different concentrations exhibiting different effects.

[0071] The number of fibrous roots, root tips, and root length in the control group averaged 4.73 ± 1.67, 50.27 ± 35.62, and 4.95 ± 3.25 cm in root length. The 100 mg / L IAA treatment had the highest number of fibrous roots (7.87 ± 2.59), the highest number of root tips (63.40 ± 35.14), and the longest root length (8.21 ± 3.94 cm) in the 10 mg / L IAA treatment. This suggests that IAA has a positive effect on root development in Acorus calamus, with different concentrations promoting different root indicators.

[0072] Comprehensive analysis: Treatments with different IAA concentrations significantly affected the survival rate and seedling growth of rhizome cuttings of Acorus calamus. Under the experimental conditions, 50 mg / L IAA performed best in improving rooting and seedling emergence rates; 20 mg / L IAA was particularly effective in promoting plant height growth; 100 mg / L IAA was more conducive to increasing the number of leaves and fibrous roots; and 10 mg / L IAA had a more pronounced effect on the number of root tips and root length. This provides an important reference for the cutting propagation of Acorus calamus. In actual production, the appropriate IAA concentration can be selected according to demand to optimize the cutting propagation technology of Acorus calamus, improve seedling quality, and promote the large-scale cultivation of Acorus calamus.

[0073] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Material selection and preparation steps: Select Acorus calamus rhizomes that are in good growth condition and free of pests and diseases as cuttings; prepare a cutting medium composed of a mixture of sand and sheep manure in a volume ratio of 2:1 and disinfected with 800 times carbendazim; The experimental water used was ultrapure water produced by an ultrapure water machine, as well as the exogenous reagent 3-indoleacetic acid. Cuttings pretreatment steps: Cut the rhizomes of Acorus calamus into small segments of 5-8 cm in length, retaining 2-3 nodes in each segment, and then soak the cuttings in IAA solutions of different concentrations for 4-6 hours. Cutting operation steps: Insert the pre-treated cuttings flatly into the disinfected substrate at a plant spacing of 10-15 cm, and bury all the cuttings in the soil with a cover of 1-2 cm. Post-cutting maintenance steps: After the cutting is completed, keep the substrate moist but avoid water accumulation; build a shade net in the cutting area; do not apply fertilizer during the rooting period.

2. The method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings according to claim 1, wherein: During the material selection and preparation steps, the pH of the prepared cutting medium is adjusted to 6.2-6.8 using a 0.5% to 1.5% ferrous sulfate solution or a 1% to 2% lime milk. During adjustment, the pH of the medium is checked every two hours, and the solution or lime milk is stirred evenly after each addition for 15-20 minutes.

3. The method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings according to claim 1, wherein: In the cutting pretreatment step, 0.15% to 0.25% by mass of vitamin B12 and 0.05% to 0.1% by mass of salicylic acid are added to the IAA solution for soaking the cuttings. When preparing the solution, the vitamin B12 and salicylic acid are first dissolved in a small amount of anhydrous ethanol, and then added to the IAA solution and stirred evenly at a stirring speed of 300-400 rpm for 10 to 15 minutes.

4. The method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings according to claim 1, wherein: In the cutting operation steps, after the cuttings are inserted into the matrix, a small wooden stick with a diameter of 0.8-1.2 cm is used to gently tamp the matrix around the cuttings at an angle of 45°-60°, with a tamping depth of 3.5-4.5 cm, and 3-5 points are tamped around each cutting.

5. The method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the cutting operation steps, after the cutting is completed, a layer of screened rice husks is covered on the surface of the substrate, the rice husk particle size is 2-4 mm, and the covering thickness is 1.2-1.8 cm. When covering, first sprinkle a layer of rice husks evenly on the surface of the substrate, and then gently compact it with a wooden board. The degree of compaction should be such that the rice husks are in close contact but not broken.

6. The method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the post-cutting maintenance step, the substrate is kept moist by an automatic spraying device, the nozzle aperture of the spraying device is 0.3-0.5 mm, the spraying interval time is 3.5-4.5 hours, the spraying time each time is 6-8 minutes, and during spraying, the height of the nozzle from the substrate surface is 30-50 cm.

7. The method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the post-cutting maintenance step, the sunshade net constructed is an adjustable sunshade net with a mesh density of 12-15 per square centimeter. The shading rate of the sunshade net is adjusted in real time according to the light intensity through an electric control device.

8. The method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing range of the light intensity sensor is 500-2000 lux. When the light intensity is higher than 1500 lux, the sunshade net will automatically unfold to increase the shading rate; when the light intensity is lower than 1000 lux, the sunshade net will automatically retract to reduce the shading rate.

9. The method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the post-cutting maintenance step, the cutting area is subjected to air circulation treatment once a week, and a small fan with a power of 20-30 watts is used to blow air in the cutting area. The distance between the fan and the cutting seedlings is 80-120 cm, the fan wind speed is controlled at 1.2-1.8 m / s, the blowing direction is at an angle of 30°-45° to the row direction of the cutting seedlings, and the blowing time is 2.5-3 hours.

10. The method for improving the survival rate of Acorus calamus rhizome cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the post-cutting maintenance step, the cutting area is sprayed with a 1200-1300 times diluted potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 8-9 days during the rooting period. The spraying is performed using a backpack sprayer with a pressure of 2-3 atmospheres and a nozzle atomization effect with a droplet size of 100-150 microns. The spraying volume of the solution per mu is 30-40 liters.

Images