Hydraulic support dust extraction and dust receiving integrated treatment method and device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of control and treatment of dust generated by moving a support, and relates to a hydraulic support dust extraction and dust receiving integrated treatment method and device, the method combines spray ejection dust extraction and physical dust receiving, high-pressure water is utilized to form negative pressure to extract fine dust, and meanwhile, an L-shaped dust receiving groove is used for receiving large-particle dust and cleaning the large-particle dust to the rear side of the support through hydraulic flushing. The device comprises a dust pumping device, a dust receiving groove and a dust flushing device, is flexible and adjustable in structure, and adapts to different mining heights and geological conditions. The device is easy and convenient to install, the dust falling efficiency reaches up to 85% or above, the working environment is effectively improved, and safe production and personnel health are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of control and treatment of dust generated by frame movement, and relates to a method and device for integrated dust extraction and dust collection treatment of a hydraulic support. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic supports, as a key piece of equipment in fully mechanized coal mining faces, are crucial for supporting the roof, controlling mining height, and protecting workers. However, during hydraulic support operation, particularly during the roof beam lowering and column shifting phases, they generate significant amounts of dust, a major source of dust in the face. This dust not only severely impacts the working environment but also poses a significant threat to mine safety and the physical and mental health of workers.

[0003] Specifically, the dust generated by the hydraulic support top beam during the process of lowering the column and moving the frame has the following significant characteristics:

[0004] Linear paroxysmal: Dust generation is not continuous and stable, but rather intermittent as the bracket moves. The instantaneous dust concentration is extremely high, and the dust concentration in some areas can reach as high as 2000mg / m 3 This high-concentration dust environment greatly limits the operator's vision, increases operational difficulty and safety hazards.

[0005] Wide dust particle size distribution: Due to the limited operating space of the support, the dust falling through the gaps in the top beam contains both large and fine particles, with a wide range of particle sizes. This mixed dust poses higher requirements for treatment technology, requiring the simultaneous treatment of dust of different particle sizes.

[0006] Dust generation is a unique location: In fully mechanized mining faces with a mining height of approximately 3.5 meters, the dust generated by lowering columns and moving supports primarily originates from the support beams, directly above the workers' heads. This unique location poses a direct threat to the workers' respiratory system and vision, seriously impacting operational efficiency and safety.

[0007] Traditional dust control methods have significant shortcomings when dealing with dust generated during hydraulic support beam lowering and column shifting. For example, spraying directly toward the coal wall between supports or spraying between supports can reduce dust concentration to a certain extent, but the inter-support spray water stream will be scattered on workers, increasing their discomfort and resulting in low on-site utilization. Furthermore, the use of spray-inducing dust extraction alone can only extract fine dust, with limited effectiveness against larger dust particles, and cannot fully address the problem of high-level dust fall.

[0008] With the continuous advancement of coal mining technology and the increasing demand for safe production, traditional dust control methods are no longer able to meet the needs of modern fully-mechanized coal mining faces. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a new method and device that can effectively control the high-level dust generated by the lowering and shifting of hydraulic support top beams, while also being suitable for fully-mechanized mining faces with limited space at medium and low mining heights.

[0009] In this context, the development of an integrated dust extraction and dust collection method and device for hydraulic supports, combining spray-injection dust extraction with dust collection and guidance to achieve integrated management of fine dust extraction and large-particle dust collection, has become the key to solving this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic support dust extraction and dust collection integrated management method and device to solve the existing problems.

[0011] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a hydraulic support dust extraction and dust collection integrated management device, comprising a dust extraction device installed on the inner side of the hydraulic support side guard plate, and a dust collecting trough fixed below the dust extraction device; the front and rear ends of the dust extraction device are respectively provided with an induced spray nozzle, which forms a mist flow through high-pressure water, and generates a wind pressure difference at the spray inlet and outlet to generate a dust extraction negative pressure; the dust collecting trough is an L-shaped rigid trough for collecting large particles of dust.

[0012] Optionally, the dust extraction device is fixed on the inner side of the hydraulic support side guard plate by hanging through an ear plate, and the dust extraction port is flush with the outer side of the side guard plate.

[0013] Optionally, the induced spray nozzle includes a spray pipe, a square tube, a round-to-square transition section and a spray port that are connected in sequence, and a negative pressure zone is formed by accelerating the high-pressure mist flow; support ribs are also installed in the induced spray nozzle.

[0014] Optionally, the dust extraction device is arranged in front of the ejector spray nozzle to eject the ejected mist along the gap between the brackets toward the coal wall, bringing the dust falling from the moving frame in front of the bracket column to the coal wall side, reducing the impact on the operators.

[0015] Optionally, the L-shaped structure of the dust collecting groove has a receiving surface perpendicular to the dust falling path, and its dust inlet is flush with the dust extraction port of the dust extraction device.

[0016] Optionally, a dust flushing device is provided at one end of the dust receiving trough to flush the dust to the rear side of the bracket through hydraulic flushing.

[0017] A method for integrated dust extraction and dust collection management of a hydraulic support, using the above-mentioned integrated dust extraction and dust collection management device for a hydraulic support, comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1, the dust extraction device uses high-pressure water as the power, and uses the venturi mechanism to generate a high-pressure mist flow, which generates a wind pressure difference at the inlet and outlet of the spray, forming a dust extraction and purification negative pressure to suck out the fine dust in the dust;

[0019] S2, when dust falls from the gap of the bracket, the dust extraction device will generate negative pressure, forcing the dust to deviate from the original falling path. Fine dust is quickly extracted, and large dust particles fall into the L-shaped dust collecting trough, thus achieving the dust control of the bracket;

[0020] S3, use the dust flushing device to flush the large particles of dust accumulated in the dust receiving trough to the rear side of the bracket.

[0021] Optionally, the ejector spray nozzle uses 2-10 MPa high-pressure water to generate a wind pressure difference through the Venturi effect, forming a negative pressure zone covering the gap of the bracket top beam.

[0022] Optionally, for a 3.5m mining height support, the installation height of the dust extraction device and dust collecting trough can be adjusted to ensure that the dust extraction port is aligned with the dust falling point of the top beam and the dust collecting trough is located above the operator's head.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] Efficient dust reduction and improved working environment: This device combines spray-injected dust extraction with physical dust collection to achieve comprehensive control of both fine and large dust particles generated during the lowering and relocation of hydraulic support beams. The dust extraction device uses high-pressure water to create negative pressure, rapidly sucking fine dust directly above the operator, while the dust collection trough effectively captures large dust particles and removes them to the rear of the support through hydraulic flushing. This comprehensive control approach significantly reduces dust concentration on the working surface, improves the working environment, protects the operator's respiratory system and vision, and enhances work efficiency and safety.

[0025] Strong adaptability and wide application range: The design of this device fully considers the spatial limitations and operational characteristics of fully mechanized mining faces with medium and low mining heights. The structure and size of the dust extraction device, dust collection trough, and dust flushing device can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific structure of the hydraulic support top beam and the mining height of the fully mechanized mining face. This flexibility makes the device widely applicable to fully mechanized mining faces in coal mines with different mining heights and geological conditions, providing mines with a reliable dust control solution.

[0026] Easy installation and maintenance: The device features a modular design with tightly connected and easily disassembled components, making installation quick and easy without requiring extensive modifications to existing hydraulic supports. Operation and maintenance are also relatively simple, reducing mine maintenance costs and time, while increasing equipment efficiency and lifespan.

[0027] High dust reduction efficiency and significant results: Practical applications have shown that the device can achieve a dust reduction efficiency of over 85%, significantly reducing dust concentration in the working area and effectively minimizing the risk of dust to workers and equipment. This high dust reduction effect not only improves mine safety production, but also creates a healthier and more comfortable working environment for workers.

[0028] Significant comprehensive benefits: The application of this device not only brings significant environmental and safety benefits, but also considerable economic benefits. By improving the working environment, it reduces dust wear and corrosion on equipment, extending its service life. It also reduces the incidence of occupational diseases among workers, reducing medical expenses and lost work time. These comprehensive benefits lay a solid foundation for the sustainable development of the mine.

[0029] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description or may be learned from practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the dust extraction and dust collection technology of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Left view of;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the injection spray nozzle of the present invention.

[0035] Reference numerals: 1-dust extraction device; 2-dust collecting trough; 3-hydraulic support; 4-dust flushing device; 5-injection spray nozzle; 51-injection port; 52-circular to square transition section; 53-square tube; 54-support rib; 55-spray tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by means of specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0037] Among them, the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and represent only schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the dimensions of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the accompanying drawings.

[0038] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships, they are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] See also Figures 1 to 4 , which is an integrated dust extraction and dust collection management method and device for a hydraulic support. In order to achieve the purpose of efficiently controlling the dust generated by lowering the top beam and moving the frame of the hydraulic support proposed by the present invention, the specific implementation method of this application is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] 1. Device structure and installation

[0041] The integrated dust extraction and dust collection device of the hydraulic support of the present invention mainly comprises three parts: a dust extraction device 1, a dust collection trough 2 and a dust flushing device 4. The overall structure diagram is shown in FIG. Figure 2 shown.

[0042] Dust extraction device 1

[0043] The dust extraction device 1 is fixed on the inner side of the hydraulic support side guard plate through the ear plate, and the dust extraction port is flush with the outer side of the side guard plate, ensuring that the dust extraction port is directly aimed at the dust generating point when the top beam is lowered and the column is moved. The dust extraction device 1 is respectively provided with an ejector spray nozzle 5 at the front and rear ends. The specific structure of the ejector spray nozzle 5 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the spray nozzle 5 comprises a spray pipe 55, a square tube 53, a round-to-square transition section 52, and an injection port 51, which are connected in sequence. High-pressure water (2-10 MPa) is used to form a mist flow. The Venturi effect creates a pressure difference between the spray inlet and outlet, forming a negative pressure zone that covers the gaps in the bracket's top beam, thereby sucking in fine dust. Support ribs 54 are also installed within the spray nozzle 5 to enhance structural stability.

[0044] Dust collecting trough 2

[0045] The dust collecting trough 2 is an L-shaped rigid trough fixed below the dust extraction device 1. Its dust inlet is flush with the dust extraction port of the dust extraction device 1, ensuring that large dust particles can fall smoothly into the dust collecting trough 2. The L-shaped structure of the dust collecting trough 2 is perpendicular to the dust falling path, which improves the collection efficiency.

[0046] Dust flushing device 4

[0047] The dust flushing device 4 is arranged at one end of the dust receiving trough 2, and flushes the large particles of dust accumulated in the dust receiving trough 2 to the rear side of the bracket through hydraulic flushing, so as to keep the dust receiving trough 2 clean.

[0048] 2. Working Principle of the Device

[0049] The integrated dust extraction and dust collection method for hydraulic supports of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0050] Dust extraction step (S1)

[0051] The dust extraction device 1 uses high-pressure water as its power source. The induced spray nozzle 5 generates a high-pressure mist flow, creating a pressure differential between the spray inlet and outlet, creating a negative pressure for dust extraction and purification, and sucking in fine dust from the dust. The induced spray nozzle 5 uses 2-10MPa high-pressure water, generating a pressure differential through the Venturi effect, forming a negative pressure zone that covers the gaps in the bracket's top beam, ensuring that fine dust is effectively sucked out.

[0052] Dust collection step (S2)

[0053] As dust falls through the gaps in the bracket, the negative pressure generated by the dust extraction device 1 forces the dust to deviate from its original falling path. Fine dust is quickly extracted, while large dust particles fall into the L-shaped dust collection trough 2 due to gravity, thus achieving preliminary control of the dust falling from the bracket.

[0054] Dust flushing step (S3)

[0055] The dust flushing device 4 is used to flush the large dust particles accumulated in the dust receiving groove 2 to the rear side of the bracket to prevent the dust from flying again and keep the working environment clean.

[0056] Example 1,

[0057] Taking a fully mechanized mining face with a mining height of 3.5m as an example, the specific implementation process of the present invention is described:

[0058] Installation adjustment: According to the specific structure of the hydraulic support top beam and the mining height of the fully mechanized mining face, adjust the installation height of the dust extraction device 1 and the dust receiving trough 2 to ensure that the dust extraction port is aligned with the dust falling point of the top beam and the dust receiving trough 2 is located above the head of the operator to form an effective dust extraction and dust receiving area.

[0059] Operation: During the process of lowering the top beam and moving the columns of the hydraulic support, start the dust extraction device 1 and the dust flushing device 4. The dust extraction device 1 uses high-pressure water to create negative pressure, quickly sucking in fine dust; large dust particles fall into the dust receiving trough 2 and are regularly flushed to the rear side of the support by the dust flushing device 4.

[0060] Effect evaluation: Practical application shows that the dust reduction efficiency of the device can reach more than 85%, significantly reducing the dust concentration in the working area, improving the working environment, protecting the respiratory system and vision of the workers, and improving work efficiency and safety.

[0061] Example 2,

[0062] Different from Example 1, the dust extraction device 1 is also fixed on the inner side of the side guard plate of the hydraulic support 3 by ear plate suspension, but the height and angle of the dust extraction device are adjusted according to the different mining heights of the comprehensive mining face to ensure that the dust extraction port is always aligned with the dust falling point of the top beam; the dust collecting trough 2 is still an L-shaped rigid trough, but the length and width are customized according to actual needs to better adapt to the dust control needs under different mining heights and geological conditions; the rest of the operation methods are consistent with Example 1, but the installation position and angle of the dust extraction device and the dust collecting trough are fine-tuned for different mining heights and geological conditions to ensure the best dust extraction and dust collection effects.

[0063] Through the above specific implementation methods, the present invention realizes the full range control of fine dust and large-particle dust generated during the hydraulic support top beam and column moving process, providing an effective solution for dust control in the fully mechanized mining working face of coal mines.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic support dust extraction and dust collection integrated treatment device, characterized by: It includes a dust extraction device installed on the inner side of the hydraulic support side guard plate, and a dust receiving trough fixed below the dust extraction device; The dust extraction device is provided with an ejector spray nozzle at the front and rear ends respectively, which forms a mist flow through high-pressure water, and generates a wind pressure difference at the spray inlet and outlet to generate a dust extraction negative pressure; The dust collecting groove is an L-shaped rigid groove, which is used to collect large particles of dust.

2. The integrated dust extraction and collection device for a hydraulic support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dust extraction device is suspended and fixed on the inner side of the hydraulic support side guard plate through the ear plate, and the dust extraction port is flush with the outer side of the side guard plate.

3. The integrated dust extraction and collection device for a hydraulic support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ejector spray nozzle includes a spray pipe, a square pipe, a round-to-square transition section and an injection port which are connected in sequence, and forms a negative pressure zone by accelerating the high-pressure mist flow; Support ribs are also installed in the ejector spray nozzle.

4. The integrated dust extraction and collection device for a hydraulic support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dust extraction device is set in the front of the injection spray nozzle, and the injection mist flow is sprayed toward the coal wall along the gap between the brackets, bringing the dust falling in front of the bracket column to the coal wall side, reducing the impact on the operators.

5. The integrated dust extraction and collection device for a hydraulic support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The L-shaped structure of the dust collecting groove is perpendicular to the dust falling path, and the dust inlet is flush with the dust extraction port of the dust extraction device.

6. The integrated dust extraction and collection device for a hydraulic support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A dust flushing device is also provided at one end of the dust collecting trough, which flushes the dust to the rear side of the bracket through hydraulic flushing.

7. A method for integrated dust extraction and collection management of a hydraulic support, using the integrated dust extraction and collection management device of a hydraulic support as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, the dust extraction device uses high-pressure water as the power, and uses the venturi mechanism to generate a high-pressure mist flow, which generates a wind pressure difference at the inlet and outlet of the spray, forming a dust extraction and purification negative pressure to suck out the fine dust in the dust; S2, when dust falls from the gap of the bracket, the dust extraction device will generate negative pressure, forcing the dust to deviate from the original falling path. Fine dust is quickly extracted, and large dust particles fall into the L-shaped dust collecting trough, thus achieving the dust control of the bracket; S3, use the dust flushing device to flush the large particles of dust accumulated in the dust receiving trough to the rear side of the bracket.

8. The integrated dust extraction and dust collection method for a hydraulic support according to claim 7, characterized in that: The induced spray nozzle uses 2-10 MPa high-pressure water to generate a wind pressure difference through the Venturi effect, forming a negative pressure area covering the gap of the bracket top beam.

9. The integrated dust extraction and dust collection method for a hydraulic support according to claim 7, characterized in that: For the 3.5m mining height support, the installation height of the dust extraction device and the dust collecting trough can be adjusted to ensure that the dust extraction port is aligned with the dust falling point of the top beam and the dust collecting trough is located above the head of the operator.

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