Universal traction gearbox

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gear boxes, and discloses a universal traction gear box which comprises two gear boxes rotating relative to each other, a mother shaft is arranged at the rotating axis position of the two gear boxes, bevel gears are fixed to the positions, located in the two gear boxes, of the mother shaft respectively, and son shafts are further arranged on the two gear boxes respectively. Bevel gears meshed with the bevel gears are fixed to the ends, located in the gear boxes, of the sub-shafts, the other ends of the sub-shafts penetrate through the box walls of the corresponding gear boxes and are connected with the power input end or the power output end, oil detection devices are vertically arranged in the gear boxes correspondingly, and each oil detection device comprises a vertically-arranged composite vertical pipe; and the upper part of the composite vertical pipe is sequentially connected with a detection bin and an oil liquid pump. The problems that in the prior art, a gearbox lacks an effective oil liquid detection mechanism, the viscosity of lubricating oil can be remarkably increased in the low-temperature environment, and the remaining amount of oil liquid cannot be accurately judged are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gear boxes, in particular to a universal traction gear box. Background Art

[0002] The processing of crop straw, such as corn stalks, is a crucial step in agricultural production. This straw can be used as feed and fuel, and can also be recycled through methods such as returning it to the fields. Therefore, efficient collection and baling of this straw is crucial. As a key piece of equipment for this task, the performance of the baler directly impacts the efficiency and cost of straw processing.

[0003] Universal traction gearboxes, as mechanical devices that enable multi-directional power transmission, are widely used in the transmission systems of traditional balers. Their small rotation radius eliminates the need for wide-angle drive shafts, reducing overall production costs and improving baler efficiency. Furthermore, universal traction gearboxes are split, making them easy to disassemble and maintain. Conventional universal traction gearboxes typically consist of two rotatably connected gearboxes, with power transmission achieved via a mother shaft positioned at the axis of rotation. The mother shaft, located within each gearbox, is secured with a bevel gear. Furthermore, each gearbox is equipped with a sub-shaft, one end of which is secured with a gear meshing with the bevel gear, while the other end extends through the housing and connects the rotation input and output ends, achieving universal power transmission. For example, patent publication number CN117329274B discloses a speed-regulating traction gearbox for agricultural machinery. The gearbox comprises a housing, an input shaft, an output shaft, and a rotating shaft mounted therein. The housing comprises a speed-regulating housing and a rotating housing, which rotates freely about the speed-regulating housing with the rotating shaft as its center of rotation.

[0004] However, the existing universal traction gearbox still has some shortcomings in actual operation. On the one hand, after long-term use, the lubricating oil in the gearbox will have problems such as increased impurities and decreased performance, which may lead to increased gear wear, reduced transmission efficiency, and even equipment failure. However, the current gearbox lacks an effective oil detection mechanism, making it difficult to grasp the oil status in real time and perform timely maintenance. On the other hand, in a low temperature environment, the viscosity of the lubricating oil will increase significantly and the fluidity will deteriorate, which will not only affect the suction and spraying effect of the oil, resulting in insufficient gear lubrication, but may also increase the resistance to power transmission, further reducing the operating efficiency of the equipment. In addition, existing gearboxes usually lack reliable liquid level detection devices, and cannot accurately judge the remaining amount of oil, which may cause equipment damage due to insufficient oil. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical problems solved In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a universal traction gearbox, which has the advantages of real-time grasp of the oil status and timely maintenance, sufficient lubrication of gears, avoiding large oil lubrication resistance caused by low temperature, and real-time detection of lubricating oil level. It solves the problems in the existing technology that the gearbox lacks an effective oil detection mechanism, the viscosity of the lubricating oil will increase significantly in low temperature environment, and the remaining amount of oil cannot be accurately judged.

[0006] (2) Technical solution To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A universal traction gearbox includes two gearboxes that rotate relative to each other, wherein a mother shaft is provided at the position of the rotation axis of the two gearboxes, and a bevel gear is fixed to the position of the mother shaft located in the two gearboxes. The two gearboxes are also provided with a sub-shaft, and each sub-shaft is fixed with a bevel gear meshing with the bevel gear at one end located in the gearbox, and the other end passes through the box wall of the corresponding gearbox and is connected to the power input end or the power output end. An oil detection device is also vertically provided in each gearbox, and the oil detection device includes a vertically arranged composite vertical pipe, and the upper part of the composite vertical pipe is connected in sequence to a detection chamber and an oil pump; The composite vertical pipe is provided with a liquid suction port at the bottom for sucking the lubricating oil at the bottom of the gear box. A heating wire is provided in the wall of the composite vertical pipe so that the heated lubricating liquid is more easily sucked by the composite vertical pipe. A filter is provided inside the detection chamber to filter impurities in the lubricating oil and determine the impurity content based on the resistance. The heated lubricating fluid avoids the influence of viscosity on the resistance. The liquid outlet of the oil pump is connected to one end of the liquid spray pipe, and the outlet of the other end of the liquid spray pipe is aimed at the top of the bevel gear. The heated lubricating liquid is sprayed on the bevel gear to improve lubrication efficiency.

[0007] Preferably, a floating ring is sleeved on the composite vertical pipe, and the floating ring is located in the area where the lubricating oil is heated. The heated lubricating liquid makes it easier for the floating ring to float on the top; A heating device is provided on the top of the composite vertical pipe. The heating wire in the composite vertical pipe is connected to a heating module in the heating device. A distance sensor used in conjunction with a floating ring is also provided in the heating device.

[0008] Preferably, an inter-box detection device is provided on the outer wall of the rotational connection between the two gearboxes, the inter-box detection device comprising a friction plate provided on one of the gearboxes and a composite detection unit provided on the other gearbox, the friction plate being a section of an arc-shaped rubber pad attached to the circular outer wall of the gearbox, the composite detection unit comprising a level, a pressure sensor and a rotary encoder, the level being used to detect the horizontal tilt state of the gearbox; The composite detection unit is provided with a rotating wheel, which is attached to the friction plate. The rotating shaft of the rotating wheel is fixed to the rotary encoder. When the gear boxes rotate relative to each other, the friction plate drives the rotating wheel to rotate. The rotary encoder is used to detect the rotation angle of the friction plate, thereby detecting the rotation angle of the two gear boxes. An elastic top column is set on the top of the composite detection unit, and the top of the elastic top column is attached to the bottom of the outer wall of the gear box fixedly connected to the friction plate. A spring is set at the bottom of the elastic top column, and the bottom of the spring is attached to the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is used to detect the jitter between the two gear boxes.

[0009] Preferably, the oil detection device is arranged in a corner position inside the gear box, and the oil detection device includes a warehouse wall, and a partition plate is arranged in the warehouse wall, and the partition plate divides the warehouse wall into two parts, the upper and lower parts, the composite vertical pipe and the floating ring are arranged in the lower half of the warehouse wall, and the heating device, the detection warehouse and the oil pump are all arranged in the upper half of the warehouse wall. The warehouse wall is provided with a liquid hole on the lower half, and the spray pipe passes through the upper half of the warehouse wall. The warehouse wall wraps the floating ring in the lower half to prevent the floating ring from moving when the gear rotates, thereby causing the floating ring to damage the internal structure of the gear box. The partition plate is used to isolate the lubricating oil from the upper half of the warehouse wall, reducing the difficulty of maintenance.

[0010] Preferably, a support tube is provided at the top of the oil pump, and a tee is provided at the connection between the outlet of the oil pump and the spray pipe. The support tube is inserted into the last through hole at the top of the tee except the oil pump and the spray pipe. The support tube is connected to the lubricating oil inlet of the gear box. The support tube plays the dual functions of replenishing the lubricating oil and supporting the oil pump.

[0011] Preferably, a spring is provided on the side of the filter close to the oil pump, and the other end of the spring is pressed against a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is fixed at the top of the detection chamber or the bottom position where the oil pump is connected to the detection chamber. The pressure sensor is used to detect the upward pressure of the partition plate, thereby analyzing the resistance encountered by the lubricating oil through the filter.

[0012] Preferably, a moisture sensor is further provided in the detection chamber, and the moisture sensor is used to detect the moisture content in the heated lubricating oil.

[0013] Preferably, a maintenance window is provided on the side wall of the gear box corresponding to the upper inner half of the bin wall, and the inspection bin or the filter in the inspection bin or other components in the upper inner half of the bin wall can be replaced by opening the maintenance window.

[0014] Preferably, the oil pump is a twin-screw pump, comprising an active screw and a driven screw that mesh with each other, and the active screw and the driven screw are arranged in parallel in the pump casing; one end of the active screw extends out of the pump casing and is connected to a drive motor, and the drive motor is electrically connected to a central control unit; the pump casing is respectively provided with a liquid inlet connected to a detection chamber and a liquid outlet connected to a liquid spray pipe; when the active screw drives the driven screw to rotate in the opposite direction, the meshing space volume of the two screws gradually decreases along the axial direction to form a continuous sealed chamber, which sucks the lubricating oil in the detection chamber from the liquid inlet and pushes it to the liquid outlet; the central control unit adjusts the speed of the drive motor according to the filter resistance data detected by the pressure sensor and the moisture content of the lubricating oil detected by the moisture sensor; the inner wall of the pump casing is coated with a wear-resistant coating, and the wear-resistant coating is a tungsten carbide-based composite coating, which is used to reduce the friction between the screw and the inner wall of the pump casing and extend the service life of the oil pump.

[0015] Preferably, an ultraviolet sterilization component is provided in the detection chamber to sterilize the microorganisms in the detection chamber and prevent the microorganisms from spreading and contaminating the lubricating oil in the gear box.

[0016] (3) Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a universal traction gearbox with the following beneficial effects: 1. The universal traction gearbox is provided with an oil detection device including a composite vertical pipe, a detection chamber and an oil pump in the gearbox. The suction port at the bottom of the composite vertical pipe can absorb the lubricating oil at the bottom of the gearbox, and the heating wire in the pipe wall heats the lubricating oil to reduce its viscosity, making the lubricating oil easier to absorb and enhancing its fluidity; the filter in the detection chamber can filter impurities in the lubricating oil, and at the same time use heating to eliminate the influence of the viscosity of the lubricating oil on the resistance of the filter, thereby accurately judging the impurity content and timely detecting the wear inside the gearbox; the tested lubricating oil is sprayed onto the top of the bevel gear through the spray pipe under the action of the oil pump, on the one hand, ensuring the full lubrication of the bevel gear and reducing friction and wear, and on the other hand, realizing the recycling of the lubricating oil, avoiding gearbox failure caused by impurity accumulation and insufficient lubrication, effectively improving the stability and reliability of the gearbox operation, extending its service life, realizing efficient detection and circulating lubrication of the lubricating oil, and achieving the effect of improving the operating stability and service life of the gearbox.

[0017] 2. This universal traction gearbox uses a floating ring fitted onto a composite riser and equipped with a heating device and distance sensor on top of the riser to achieve real-time monitoring of the lubricating oil level and temperature, accurately monitoring the gearbox's lubrication status and preventing failures. The floating ring is located in the area where the lubricating oil is heated. The heated lubricating oil increases in temperature and decreases in density, making it easier for the floating ring to float to the top of the liquid surface. The heating module within the heating device controls the power of the heating wire within the composite riser to precisely regulate the oil temperature. Simultaneously, the distance sensor within the heating device cooperates with the floating ring to monitor its position in real time. Changes in the floating ring's position provide feedback on the lubricating oil level and temperature. Once an anomaly is detected, a timely warning is issued, allowing staff to take preemptive measures, effectively preventing gearbox failures caused by insufficient lubrication or abnormal oil temperature, and ensuring safe and stable equipment operation.

[0018] 3. The universal traction gearbox realizes comprehensive monitoring of the relative motion state of the gearboxes by setting an inter-box detection device including a friction plate and a composite detection unit on the outer wall of the rotating connection of the two gearboxes, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the universal transmission system. The friction plate is a circular arc-shaped rubber pad attached to the circular outer wall of the gearbox and moves as the gearbox rotates; the spirit level in the composite detection unit detects the horizontal tilt state of the gearbox in real time to ensure the normal installation and operation posture of the equipment. The rotating wheel on the composite detection unit is attached to the friction plate. When the gearboxes rotate relative to each other, the friction plate drives the rotating wheel to rotate. The rotary encoder detects the rotation of the rotating wheel. The rotation of the shaft can be accurately calculated to determine the rotation angle of the friction plate, and then the relative rotation angle of the two gearboxes can be obtained, thereby realizing accurate monitoring of the universal transmission angle. Combined with the horizontal tilt state of the gearbox, the relative rotation angle of the two gearboxes and the liquid level height detected by the floating ring, the total amount of lubricating oil in the two gearboxes under any circumstances can be determined. In addition, the top of the elastic top column at the top of the composite detection unit is attached to the bottom of the outer wall of the gearbox fixedly connected to the friction plate. The bottom spring cooperates with the pressure sensor to sensitively detect the vibration between the two gearboxes, and trigger the start of the oil pump according to the vibration, so as to timely detect the lubricating oil in the gearbox in case of emergency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional perspective view of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the gearbox 1 of the present invention from one perspective.

[0023] Figure 5This is a structural diagram of the gearbox 1 of the present invention from another perspective.

[0024] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the oil detection device 4 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is an exploded view of the oil detection device 4 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the warehouse wall 41 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the composite vertical pipe 42 and the floating ring 43 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 It is a half-section perspective view of the detection chamber 44 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the oil pump 45 and the spray pipe 46 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 12 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure in which the inter-box detection device 5 of the present invention is installed between two gear boxes 1.

[0031] Figure 13 It is a structural diagram of the inter-box detection device 5 of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Gearbox; 2. Slave shaft; 3. Mother shaft; 11. Oil seal; 12. Bearing; 13. Maintenance window; 4. Oil detection device; 41. Warehouse wall; 42. Composite vertical pipe; 43. Floating ring; 44. Inspection chamber; 45. Oil pump; 46. Spray pipe; 47. Support pipe. 411, interlayer plate; 412, liquid hole; 421, liquid suction port; 422, heating device; 441. Filter; 442. Moisture sensor; 443. Pressure sensor; 5. Inter-box detection device; 51. Friction plate; 52. Composite detection unit; 521. Rotating wheel; 522. Elastic top column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0035] In addition, a fixed connection refers to a connection in which parts or components are fixed without any relative movement; a transmission connection refers to a connection method in which mechanical motion or torque is transmitted to other working parts through a transmission part; a sliding connection refers to a connection method in which two objects are in contact but not fixed and can slide relative to each other; a rotating connection refers to a connection method in which two objects are in contact but not fixed and can rotate relative to each other.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0037] Example 1: This embodiment provides a universal traction gearbox having the following technical features.

[0038] See also Figure 1-13 A universal traction gearbox includes two gearboxes 1 that rotate relative to each other. A mother shaft 3 is provided on the rotation axis of the two gearboxes 1. The mother shaft 3 is located in the two gearboxes 1 and is respectively fixed with a bevel gear. The two gearboxes 1 are also provided with a sub-shaft 2. One end of each sub-shaft 2 located in the gearbox 1 is fixed with a bevel gear that meshes with the bevel gear, and the other end passes through the box wall of the corresponding gearbox 1 and is connected to the power input end or the power output end. An oil detection device 4 is also vertically provided in each gearbox 1. The oil detection device 4 includes a vertically arranged composite vertical pipe 42. The top of the composite vertical pipe 42 is sequentially connected to a detection chamber 44 and an oil pump 45. The composite vertical pipe 42 is provided with a liquid suction port 421 at the bottom for sucking the lubricating oil from the bottom of the gear box 1. A heating wire is provided inside the wall of the composite vertical pipe 42 so that the heated lubricating oil can be sucked more easily by the composite vertical pipe 42. A filter 441 is provided inside the detection chamber 44 for filtering impurities in the lubricating oil and determining the impurity content based on the resistance. The heated lubricating fluid avoids the effect of viscosity on the resistance. The outlet of the oil pump 45 is connected to one end of the spray pipe 46, and the outlet of the other end of the spray pipe 46 is aimed at the top of the bevel gear. The heated lubricating liquid is sprayed on the bevel gear to improve lubrication efficiency.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, a floating ring 43 is sleeved on the composite vertical pipe 42. The floating ring 43 is located in the area where the lubricating oil is heated. The heated lubricating fluid makes it easier for the floating ring 43 to float on the top. A heating device 422 is provided on the top of the composite vertical pipe 42 . The heating wire in the composite vertical pipe 42 is connected to the heating module in the heating device 422 . A distance sensor used in conjunction with the floating ring 43 is also provided in the heating device 422 .

[0040] It should be noted that the heating module includes a switch that controls the on and off of the circuit, a thermostat that automatically disconnects the circuit when the temperature reaches the set value, a resistor or semiconductor element that adjusts the current to control the heating power, a fuse that blows when the current is overloaded, and a power supply.

[0041] It should be noted that the floating ring 43 has a built-in permanent magnet, which moves with the liquid level and approaches the magnetic sensor such as the reed switch and the Hall element in the heating device 422, outputs a continuous electrical signal through the change of the magnetic field, and determines the liquid level based on the electrical signal.

[0042] It should be noted that the mother shaft 3 includes two sub-shafts connected together by spline sliding. The main parts of the two sub-shafts are respectively located in the two gear boxes 1. The mother shaft 3 is provided with an oil seal 11 and a bearing 12 at the position passing through the outer wall between the two gear boxes 1, and the sub-shaft 2 is also provided with an oil seal 11 and a bearing 12 at the position passing through the outer wall of the gear box 1.

[0043] Specifically, when the mother shaft 3 passes through the wall of a gear box 1, it passes through a bearing 12, an oil seal 11 and another bearing 12 from the inside to the outside, or passes through a bearing 12 and an oil seal 11 from the inside to the outside.

[0044] Specifically, when the sub-shaft 2 passes through the wall of the gear box 1 , it passes through two bearings 12 and an oil seal 11 from the inside to the outside.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, an inter-box detection device 5 is provided at the outer wall position of the rotational connection between the two gearboxes 1. The inter-box detection device 5 includes a friction plate 51 provided on one of the gearboxes 1 and a composite detection unit 52 provided on the other gearbox 1. The friction plate 51 is a section of an arc-shaped rubber pad attached to the circular outer wall of the gearbox 1. The composite detection unit 52 includes a level, a pressure sensor, and a rotary encoder. The level is used to detect the horizontal tilt state of the gearbox 1. The composite detection unit 52 is provided with a rotating wheel 521, which is attached to the friction plate 51. The rotating shaft of the rotating wheel 521 is fixed to the rotary encoder. When the gearboxes 1 rotate relative to each other, the friction plate 51 drives the rotating wheel 521 to rotate. The rotary encoder detects the rotation angle of the friction plate 51, thereby detecting the rotation angle of the two gearboxes 1. An elastic top column 522 is set on the top of the composite detection unit 52, and the top of the elastic top column 522 is attached to the bottom of the outer wall of the gear box 1 fixedly connected to the friction plate 51. A spring is set at the bottom of the elastic top column 522, and the bottom of the spring is attached to the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is used to detect the vibration between the two gear boxes 1.

[0046] It should be noted that when the spirit level detects that the gearbox 1 is in a horizontal state, no matter to which angle the two gearboxes 1 are rotated, the two lubricating oil levels can be directly detected respectively by the floating rings 43 in the two oil detection devices 4; when the spirit level detects that the gearbox 1 is in a tilted state, the tilt angle of the composite vertical pipe 42 of the gearbox 1 equipped with the spirit level can be analyzed according to the horizontal tilt angle of the gearbox 1, and the actual total amount of lubricating liquid can be analyzed in combination with the liquid level height detected by the floating ring 43; and for the gearbox 1 without a spirit level, it is necessary to judge the tilt angle of the gearbox 1 without a spirit level based on the tilt angle of the gearbox 1 equipped with the spirit level and the relative rotation angle of the two gearboxes 1, and then analyze the actual total amount of lubricating liquid in combination with the liquid level height detected by the floating ring 43.

[0047] It should be noted that the starting modes of the oil pump 45 include timed start and triggered start. The timed start is started once at a fixed interval, and the triggered start is started once when the elastic top column 522 detects shaking between the two gear boxes 1. After the triggered start, the start time of the timed start is refreshed.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, the oil detection device 4 is arranged in a corner position inside the gearbox 1. The oil detection device 4 includes a warehouse wall 41. A partition plate 411 is arranged inside the warehouse wall 41. The partition plate 411 divides the warehouse wall 41 into two parts, an upper and a lower part. The composite vertical pipe 42 and the floating ring 43 are arranged in the lower half of the warehouse wall 41. The heating device 422, the detection warehouse 44 and the oil pump 45 are all arranged in the upper half of the warehouse wall 41. The warehouse wall 41 is provided with a liquid hole 412 on the lower half. The spray pipe 46 passes through the upper half of the warehouse wall 41. The warehouse wall 41 wraps the floating ring 43 in the lower half to prevent the floating ring 43 from moving when the gear rotates, thereby causing the floating ring 43 to damage the internal structure of the gearbox 1. The partition plate 411 is used to isolate the lubricating oil from the upper half of the warehouse wall 41, reducing the difficulty of maintenance.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, a support tube 47 is provided at the top of the oil pump 45, and a tee is provided at the connection between the outlet of the oil pump 45 and the spray pipe 46. The support tube 47 is inserted into the last through hole at the top of the tee except for the oil pump 45 and the spray pipe 46. The support tube 47 is connected to the lubricating oil inlet of the gear box 1. The support tube 47 plays the dual functions of replenishing the lubricating oil and supporting the oil pump 45.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, a spring is provided on one side of the filter 441 close to the oil pump 45, and the other end of the spring is pressed against the pressure sensor 443. The pressure sensor 443 is fixed at the top of the detection chamber 44 or the bottom position where the oil pump 45 is connected to the detection chamber 44. The pressure sensor 443 is used to detect the upward pressure of the partition plate 411, thereby analyzing the resistance encountered by the lubricating oil through the filter 441.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, a moisture sensor 442 is further provided in the detection chamber 44 , and the moisture sensor 442 is used to detect the moisture content in the heated lubricating oil.

[0052] It should be noted that the moisture sensor 442 detects moisture content based on the capacitive sensing principle. Two parallel electrode plates are provided inside the sensor to form a capacitor structure. When high-viscosity lubricating oil flows into the sensor cavity, the lubricating oil acts as the medium of the capacitor. Due to the significant difference in the dielectric constants of water and lubricating oil, the dielectric constant of the mixed medium will change after water is mixed into the lubricating oil. The higher the moisture content, the greater the dielectric constant of the mixed medium. According to the capacitance formula C=εS / 4πkd, where ε is the dielectric constant, S is the plate area, and d is the plate spacing, the capacitance value will increase accordingly. The detection circuit built into the sensor monitors the change in capacitance value in real time, and converts it into an electrical signal through the signal processing module. The electrical signal is then converted into an accurate moisture content value through the calibration algorithm, and finally output to the display terminal or control system, thereby achieving accurate detection of the moisture content in high-viscosity lubricating oil.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, a maintenance window 13 is provided on the side wall of the gearbox 1 corresponding to the upper inner half of the bin wall 41 , and the inspection bin 44 or the filter 441 in the inspection bin 44 or other components in the upper inner half of the maintenance bin wall 41 can be replaced by opening the maintenance window 13 .

[0054] In an optional embodiment, the oil pump 45 is a twin-screw pump, comprising an active screw and a driven screw that mesh with each other, and the active screw and the driven screw are arranged in parallel in the pump casing; one end of the active screw extends out of the pump casing and is connected to the drive motor, and the drive motor is electrically connected to the central control unit; the pump casing is respectively provided with a liquid inlet connected to the detection chamber 44 and a liquid outlet connected to the spray pipe 46; when the active screw drives the driven screw to rotate in the opposite direction, the meshing space volume of the two screws gradually decreases along the axial direction, forming a continuous sealed chamber, which sucks the lubricating oil in the detection chamber 44 from the liquid inlet and pushes it to the liquid outlet; the central control unit adjusts the speed of the drive motor according to the filter resistance data detected by the pressure sensor 443 and the moisture content of the lubricating oil detected by the moisture sensor 442; the inner wall of the pump casing is coated with a wear-resistant coating, which is a tungsten carbide-based composite coating, which is used to reduce the friction between the screw and the inner wall of the pump casing and extend the service life of the oil pump 45.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, an ultraviolet sterilization component is provided in the detection chamber 44 to sterilize the microorganisms in the detection chamber 44 and prevent the microorganisms from spreading and contaminating the lubricating oil in the gearbox 1 .

[0056] Furthermore, a central control unit is provided in the gear box 1, and the moisture sensor 442, the pressure sensor 443, the spirit level, the pressure sensor located in the composite detection unit 52 and the rotary encoder are all electrically connected to the central control unit; the central control unit analyzes and determines the operating fault of the gear box 1 based on the moisture content of the lubricating oil detected by the moisture sensor 442, the filter resistance data detected by the pressure sensor 443, and the operating status data of the gear box 1 detected by the spirit level and the rotary encoder, and controls the working status of the oil pump 45 and sends an alarm signal.

[0057] Working Principle: The mother shaft 3 is connected to the split shaft by two splined sliding links, and the bevel gears at both ends mesh with the bevel gears of the sub-shaft 2, achieving relative rotational transmission between the two gearboxes 1. Power is transmitted through the input and output ends of the sub-shaft 2. The oil detection device 4 draws lubricating oil from the bottom of the gearbox 1 through the suction port 421 at the bottom of the composite vertical pipe 42. It uses a heating wire on the pipe wall to reduce viscosity and facilitate absorption. The heated oil is filtered through the filter 441 in the detection chamber 44 to filter impurities. The impurity content is determined by the filter resistance (detected by the pressure sensor 443). At the same time, the moisture sensor 442 detects moisture. The oil pump 45 (twin-screw pump) sprays the filtered hot oil through the spray pipe 46 to the top of the bevel gear, improving lubrication efficiency. The floating ring 43 is mounted on the heating area of the composite riser 42. Its built-in magnet moves with the liquid level, detecting the liquid level via a magnetic sensor (reed switch / Hall element) and a distance sensor within the heating unit 422. When the gearbox 1 is level, the floating ring directly detects the liquid level. When tilted, the actual total oil volume is calculated by combining the tilt angle detected by a spirit level and the relative rotation angle (detected by a rotary encoder driven by a friction plate 51 and a rotating wheel 521). The inter-tank detection device 5 works in conjunction with the composite detection unit 52 via the friction plate 51. The spirit level monitors the gearbox's tilt, the pressure sensor detects vibration via an elastic support column 522, and the rotary encoder records the relative rotation angle. This data is transmitted to the central control unit for analyzing operating status, controlling the start and stop of the oil pump 45 (either by timer or trigger, with the timer refreshed upon triggering), and providing fault warnings. The tank wall 41 separates the upper and lower sections of the oil detection device, protecting the floating ring 43 and simplifying maintenance. A maintenance window 13 provides easy access to the components of the detection tank 44.

[0058] In summary, the universal traction gearbox is provided with an oil detection device 4 comprising a composite vertical pipe 42, a detection chamber 44 and an oil pump 45 in the gearbox 1. The suction port 421 at the bottom of the composite vertical pipe 42 can absorb the lubricating oil at the bottom of the gearbox 1. The heating wire in the pipe wall heats the lubricating oil to reduce its viscosity, making the lubricating oil easier to absorb and enhancing its fluidity. The filter 441 in the detection chamber 44 can filter impurities in the lubricating oil. At the same time, heating is used to eliminate the effect of the viscosity of the lubricating oil on the resistance of the filter 441, thereby accurately determining the impurity content and timely detecting the wear inside the gearbox 1. The tested lubricating oil is sprayed toward the top of the bevel gear through the spray pipe 46 under the action of the oil pump 45. On the one hand, this ensures sufficient lubrication of the bevel gear and reduces friction and wear. On the other hand, it realizes the recycling of the lubricating oil, avoids the failure of the gearbox 1 caused by impurity accumulation and insufficient lubrication, effectively improves the stability and reliability of the operation of the gearbox 1, and extends its service life. It realizes efficient detection and circulating lubrication of the lubricating oil, and achieves the effect of improving the operating stability and service life of the gearbox 1.

[0059] This universal traction gearbox achieves real-time monitoring of the lubricating oil level and temperature by sleeve-fitting a floating ring 43 onto a composite vertical pipe 42 and disposing a heating device 422 and a distance sensor on top of the vertical pipe, thereby achieving the effect of accurately understanding the lubrication status of the gearbox 1 and preventing malfunctions. The floating ring 43 is located in the area where the lubricating oil is heated. The heated lubricating oil has an increased temperature and a decreased density, making it easier for the floating ring 43 to float to the top of the liquid surface. The heating module in the heating device 422 controls the power of the electric heating wire in the composite vertical pipe 42 to accurately adjust the oil temperature. At the same time, the distance sensor in the heating device 422 cooperates with the floating ring 43 to monitor the position of the floating ring 43 in real time. The position changes of the floating ring 43 provide feedback on the lubricating oil level and temperature changes. Once an abnormality is detected, a timely warning can be issued, allowing staff to take measures in advance, effectively preventing gearbox 1 malfunctions caused by insufficient lubrication or abnormal oil temperature, and ensuring safe and stable operation of the equipment.

[0060] The universal traction gearbox is provided with an inter-box detection device 5 including a friction plate 51 and a composite detection unit 52 on the outer wall of the rotation connection between the two gearboxes 1, thereby realizing comprehensive monitoring of the relative motion state of the gearboxes 1, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the universal transmission system. The friction plate 51 is a section of circular arc-shaped rubber pad attached to the circular outer wall of the gearbox 1, and moves as the gearbox 1 rotates; the level meter in the composite detection unit 52 detects the horizontal tilt state of the gearbox 1 in real time to ensure that the equipment is installed and operating normally. The rotating wheel 521 on the composite detection unit 52 is attached to the friction plate 51. When the gearboxes 1 rotate relative to each other, the friction plate 51 drives the rotating wheel 521 to rotate, and the rotary encoder detects the rotating wheel 51. The rotation of the rotating shaft of the gearbox 1 can be accurately calculated by measuring the rotation of the rotating shaft of the gearbox 1, and the rotation angle of the friction plate 51 can be accurately calculated, thereby obtaining the relative rotation angle of the two gearboxes 1, thereby realizing accurate monitoring of the universal transmission angle. Combined with the horizontal tilt state of the gearbox 1, the relative rotation angle of the two gearboxes 1 and the liquid level detected by the floating ring 43, the total amount of lubricating oil in the two gearboxes 1 under any condition can be determined. In addition, the top of the elastic top column 522 at the top of the composite detection unit 52 is attached to the bottom of the outer wall of the gearbox 1 fixedly connected to the friction plate 51. The bottom spring cooperates with the pressure sensor to sensitively detect the vibration between the two gearboxes 1, and triggers the start of the oil pump 45 according to the vibration, so that the lubricating oil in the gearbox 1 can be detected in time in an emergency.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0062] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A universal traction gearbox, comprising two gearboxes (1) that rotate relative to each other, wherein a mother shaft (3) is provided at the position of the rotation axis of the two gearboxes (1), and a bevel gear is fixed to the mother shaft (3) at a position inside the two gearboxes (1), and the two gearboxes (1) are further provided with a sub-shaft (2), wherein one end of each sub-shaft (2) located inside the gearbox (1) is fixed with a bevel gear meshing with the bevel gear, and the other end passes through the box wall of the corresponding gearbox (1) and is connected to a power input end or a power output end, characterized in that: An oil detection device (4) is also vertically arranged in each gear box (1), and the oil detection device (4) includes a vertically arranged composite vertical pipe (42), and the top of the composite vertical pipe (42) is connected in sequence to a detection chamber (44) and an oil pump (45); The composite vertical pipe (42) is provided with a liquid suction port (421) at the bottom thereof for sucking lubricating oil from the bottom of the gear box (1). A heating wire is provided in the wall of the composite vertical pipe (42), so that the heated lubricating liquid is more easily sucked by the composite vertical pipe (42); A filter (441) is provided inside the detection chamber (44) for filtering impurities in the lubricating oil and determining the impurity content based on the resistance. The heated lubricating fluid avoids the influence of viscosity on the resistance. The liquid outlet of the oil pump (45) is connected to one end of the liquid spray pipe (46), and the outlet of the other end of the liquid spray pipe (46) is aligned with the top of the bevel gear, so that the heated lubricating liquid is sprayed on the bevel gear to improve the lubrication efficiency.

2. A universal traction gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: A floating ring (43) is sleeved on the composite vertical pipe (42), and the floating ring (43) is located in the area where the lubricating oil is heated. The heated lubricating liquid makes it easier for the floating ring (43) to float on the top; A heating device (422) is provided at the top of the composite vertical pipe (42), and the heating wire in the composite vertical pipe (42) is connected to a heating module in the heating device (422). A distance sensor used in conjunction with the floating ring (43) is also provided in the heating device (422).

3. A universal traction gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that: An inter-box detection device (5) is provided at the outer wall position of the rotation connection of the two gear boxes (1), the inter-box detection device (5) comprising a friction plate (51) provided on one of the gear boxes (1) and a composite detection unit (52) provided on the other gear box (1), the friction plate (51) being a section of circular arc-shaped rubber pad attached to the circular outer wall of the gear box (1), the composite detection unit (52) comprising a level, a pressure sensor and a rotary encoder, the level being used to detect the horizontal tilt state of the gear box (1); A rotating wheel (521) is provided on the composite detection unit (52), and the rotating wheel (521) is attached to the friction plate (51). The rotating shaft of the rotating wheel (521) is fixed to a rotary encoder. When the gear boxes (1) rotate relative to each other, the friction plate (51) drives the rotating wheel (521) to rotate. The rotary encoder is used to detect the rotation angle of the friction plate (51), thereby detecting the rotation angle of the two gear boxes (1); An elastic top column (522) is provided on the top of the composite detection unit (52), and the top of the elastic top column (522) is attached to the bottom of the outer wall of the gear box (1) fixedly connected to the friction plate (51). A spring is provided at the bottom of the elastic top column (522), and the bottom of the spring is attached to the pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the vibration between the two gear boxes (1).

4. A universal traction gearbox according to claim 3, characterized in that: The oil detection device (4) is arranged at a corner position in the gear box (1), and the oil detection device (4) includes a warehouse wall (41), and a partition plate (411) is arranged in the warehouse wall (41), and the partition plate (411) divides the warehouse wall (41) into an upper and lower parts. The composite vertical pipe (42) and the floating ring (43) are arranged in the lower half of the warehouse wall (41), and the heating device (422), the detection warehouse (44) and the oil pump (45) are all arranged in the warehouse. In the upper part of the wall (41), the warehouse wall (41) is provided with a liquid hole (412) on the lower part, and the liquid spraying pipe (46) passes through the upper part of the warehouse wall (41). The warehouse wall (41) wraps the floating ring (43) in the lower part to prevent the floating ring (43) from moving when the gear rotates, thereby causing the floating ring (43) to damage the internal structure of the gear box (1). The lubricating oil is isolated from the upper part of the warehouse wall (41) by using the interlayer plate (411), thereby reducing the difficulty of maintenance.

5. A universal traction gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that: A support pipe (47) is provided at the top of the oil pump (45), and a three-way pipe is provided at the connection between the outlet of the oil pump (45) and the spray pipe (46). The support pipe (47) is inserted into the last through hole located at the top of the three-way pipe except for the oil pump (45) and the spray pipe (46). The support pipe (47) is connected to the lubricating oil inlet of the gear box (1). The support pipe (47) plays the dual role of replenishing the lubricating oil and supporting the oil pump (45).

6. A universal traction gearbox according to claim 5, characterized in that: A spring is provided on one side of the filter (441) close to the oil pump (45), and the other end of the spring is pressed against a pressure sensor (443). The pressure sensor (443) is fixed on the top of the detection chamber (44) or the bottom position where the oil pump (45) is connected to the detection chamber (44). The pressure sensor (443) is used to detect the upward pressure of the interlayer plate (411), thereby analyzing the resistance encountered by the lubricating oil passing through the filter (441).

7. A universal traction gearbox according to claim 6, characterized in that: A moisture sensor (442) is also provided in the detection chamber (44), and the moisture sensor (442) is used to detect the moisture content in the heated lubricating oil.

8. The universal traction gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that: A maintenance window (13) is provided on the side wall of the gear box (1) corresponding to the upper inner half of the bin wall (41). The inspection bin (44) or the filter (441) in the inspection bin (44) or other components in the upper inner half of the maintenance bin wall (41) can be replaced by opening the maintenance window (13).

9. The universal traction gearbox according to claim 7, characterized in that: The oil pump (45) is a twin-screw pump, comprising an active screw and a driven screw that mesh with each other, and the active screw and the driven screw are arranged in parallel in the pump housing; one end of the active screw extends out of the pump housing and is connected to a drive motor, and the drive motor is electrically connected to a central control unit; the pump housing is provided with a liquid inlet connected to the detection chamber (44) and a liquid outlet connected to the liquid spray pipe (46); when the active screw drives the driven screw to rotate in the opposite direction, the meshing space volume of the two screws gradually decreases along the axial direction, forming a continuous sealed chamber, sucking the lubricating oil in the detection chamber (44) from the liquid inlet and pushing it to the liquid outlet; the central control unit adjusts the speed of the drive motor according to the filter resistance data detected by the pressure sensor (443) and the moisture content of the lubricating oil detected by the moisture sensor (442); the inner wall of the pump housing is coated with a wear-resistant coating, and the wear-resistant coating is a tungsten carbide-based composite coating, which is used to reduce the friction between the screw and the inner wall of the pump housing and extend the service life of the oil pump (45).

10. The universal traction gearbox according to claim 9, characterized in that: An ultraviolet sterilization component is provided in the detection chamber (44) to sterilize the microorganisms in the detection chamber (44) and prevent the microorganisms from spreading and contaminating the lubricating oil in the gear box (1).

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