A labyrinth optical detector

Abstract

This invention discloses a labyrinth-type optical detector, including an upper cover and a lower cover. The upper cover includes an upper cover plate, the bottom surface of which has a ring array of multiple grids integrally formed, and the bottom surface of the upper cover plate integrally formed with a transmitter tube groove and a receiver tube groove. The lower cover includes a lower cover assembly, the lower cover assembly including a lower cover plate, the top surface of which integrally forms a transmitter tube assembly and a receiver tube assembly. The transmitter tube groove and the receiver tube groove are directly integrated between the multiple grids. The above-mentioned integrated structure not only simplifies the number of parts, but also provides a sliding groove in the transmitter tube groove and mounting pins in the transmitter tube assembly and the receiver tube assembly. Furthermore, by utilizing the mounting notch formed between the transmitter tube assembly and the receiver tube assembly and the lower cover plate, more guiding space is achieved, reducing resistance during the insertion process, enabling the transmitter tube and receiver tube to be smoothly inserted and to be angled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of smoke fire detection, and particularly relates to a labyrinth optical detector. Background Art

[0002] The current optoelectronic smoke detector consists of a top plate, a bottom plate, an optoelectronic detection device, and a grille located between the bottom plate and the top plate. An air flow channel is formed by the grille. However, the air flow channel is generally a straight channel or a V-shaped channel, and external light directly enters or enters the detection cavity after only two reflections. Therefore, less external light is consumed in the air flow channel, and light with a higher intensity entering the detection cavity will cause greater light detection interference to the optoelectronic detection device, resulting in lower detection accuracy and inability to quickly detect and respond in a smoldering fire.

[0003] To address this problem, improved designs have been made in the prior art, and a labyrinth optical detector has been developed. The optical labyrinth in the smoke fire detector plays a crucial role. By reducing stray light interference, improving sensitivity, optimizing the optical path, preventing false alarms, enhancing anti-pollution ability, and adapting to different types of smoke, the efficiency, reliability, and accuracy of the detector are ensured.

[0004] For example, Chinese Patent CN209248721U discloses a labyrinth optical detector, which includes a top plate and a bottom plate. A plurality of grille-shaped structures in the shape of the Chinese character 'jiu' are annularly arranged on the bottom surface of the top plate, and the right arc plate of each grille is inserted into the left concave portion of the adjacent grille on its right; irregularly multi-folded air flow channels are formed on the left and right sides of each grille for introducing external air; the bottom of the grille is fixed to the bottom plate; an optoelectronic detection device is installed on the bottom plate to detect the air in the detection cavity formed by enclosing a plurality of grilles. The air flow channel is connected to the detection cavity, and external light enters the detection cavity after at least four reflections in the air flow channel. The width of the air flow channel is greater than or equal to 1.5 mm. The above structure reduces the light detection interference of external light on the optoelectronic detection device, improves the detection accuracy, and enables quick detection and response in a smoldering fire;

[0005] Specifically, the aforementioned photoelectric detection device includes two transmitters, one receiver, and a baffle plate. The two transmitters, one receiver, and the baffle plate are mounted obliquely on a base plate. The head height of transmitter two is lower than the head height of transmitter one and the head height of the receiver. The two transmitters and one receiver are distributed in a triangular shape on the base plate. The angle between the receiver and transmitter two is obtuse, and the angle between transmitter two and transmitter one is acute. The receiver monitors the light emitted by the two transmitters. The top of the baffle plate is located between the receiver and transmitter two, and its bottom end is located to the lower left of the transmitter head of transmitter one. The side of the detection cavity has three mounting slots one, each corresponding to the position of the two transmitters and one receiver. The side openings of the mounting slots one are connected to the detection cavity. The two transmitters and one receiver are respectively installed in the three mounting slots one, with the heads of the transmitters and receivers located at the side openings of the mounting slots one. The height of the baffle plate is higher than the emission holes of the two transmitters and the receiver, and it is used to directly block the direct light path from the detection light of the two transmitters to the receiver. This technology solves the problem of existing photoelectric smoke detectors, which rely on Beer-Lambert's law. When a beam of light passes through smoke, it is reflected or scattered by smoke particles to a specific scattering angle. The photoelectric sensor measures the light intensity to determine the relative concentration of the smoke. As the smoke concentration increases, more light is reflected or scattered onto the photoelectric sensor, causing its output signal to reach a set alarm threshold, triggering a fire alarm. However, many substances can cause reflection or scattering, leading to the photoelectric sensor's output signal reaching the alarm threshold. These include small insects, hair, spider silk, dust, grease, oil fumes, water vapor (salt spray), and particulate matter, resulting in numerous false alarms and extremely low accuracy. Furthermore, by using two transmitting devices and one receiving device, two scattering angles (the plane scattering angle formed by the central optical axis of the transmitting tube and the central optical axis of the receiving tube), one at 30 degrees and the other at 90 degrees, are formed to identify the particle size, shape, and refractive index of particles such as dust, ash, oil fumes, water vapor (salt spray), dust (suspended particles), and smoke. At the same time, a baffle is used in the middle, slightly higher than the three light-transmitting holes, to directly block the direct light path from the detection light of the two transmitting devices to the photoelectric sensor. Secondly, the internal detection light is directionally reflected to consume it and reduce interference to the photoelectric sensor.

[0006] Although the aforementioned labyrinth-type optical detector solves the problems of low detection accuracy and slow response speed of existing detectors in smoldering fires, it also has some design problems. The structure of the optical labyrinth relies on socket positioning for assembly. The transmitting and receiving tubes cannot be bent at angles, making them prone to misalignment and jamming. The socket positioning accuracy requirement is high, and it is difficult for operators to accurately align the sockets every time during manual assembly. Even with automated assembly equipment, it is difficult to completely avoid misalignment. The automated assembly accuracy cannot meet the design requirements, which not only increases assembly time and cost but may also lead to component damage. This results in a high defect rate and low production efficiency.

[0007] Therefore, in the automated assembly process, the existing optical labyrinth structure cannot be bent at an angle during the insertion of the transmitter tube, which easily leads to misalignment and jamming. The insertion method of the socket makes the automated assembly process difficult, resulting in a complex and time-consuming assembly process, which reduces assembly efficiency and product quality, increases production costs, and affects production efficiency.

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes an improved labyrinth-type optical detector. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a labyrinth-type optical detector that can improve the efficiency and accuracy of automated assembly of the detector, while reducing production costs and improving product quality. Through the design of a specific top-bottom interlocking structure and a large notch structure, the invention solves the problems of interlocking holes in existing optical labyrinths, as well as the problems of bending angles of the transmitting and receiving tubes, thus enabling accurate and efficient automated assembly.

[0010] Specifically, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art described above. The present invention provides a labyrinth optical detector, including an upper cover and a lower cover.

[0011] The top cover includes a top cover plate, the bottom surface of which has a ring array of multiple grids integrally formed; the bottom surface of the top cover plate also integrally forms a transmitter groove one, a transmitter groove two, and a receiver groove.

[0012] The lower cover includes a lower cover assembly, which includes a lower cover plate. The top surface of the lower cover plate is integrally formed with a transmitter tube assembly one, a transmitter tube assembly two, and a receiver tube assembly.

[0013] The first transmitting tube groove, the second transmitting tube groove, and the receiving tube groove are directly integrated between the grids;

[0014] The first transmitter tube assembly consists of a first transmitter tube, a first transmitter tube mounting pin, and a first transmitter tube mounting slot. The first transmitter tube is disposed in the first transmitter tube mounting slot. The first transmitter tube mounting pin extends downward from the top of one side of the first transmitter tube mounting slot near the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate and extends beyond the bottom surface of the lower cover plate.

[0015] The side of the transmitter mounting slot near the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate is a certain distance away from the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate. This distance is a hollow structure, forming a mounting notch.

[0016] The length of the contact portion between the top end of the transmitter tube mounting slot and the transmitter tube mounting pin is L1, and L1 is 0.5-5.5mm.

[0017] This invention employs an interlocking structure, where corresponding grooves and mounting slots are designed on the upper and lower covers of the labyrinthine optical detector, respectively. This design enables rapid and accurate alignment and insertion during automated assembly, significantly improving assembly efficiency and solving automated assembly problems. Furthermore, by directly integrating the transmitter and receiver grooves into the grid of the upper cover, and placing the transmitter and receiver mounting slots on the lower cover, this integrated structure not only simplifies the number of components but also simplifies the assembly process.

[0018] Moreover, the holeless mounting notch design in this invention can solve the problem of automated assembly of the upper and lower covers of the labyrinth optical detector. At the same time, since the mounting pins need to be bent, the limitation on the length of the contact part between the top of the transmitter tube mounting slot and the transmitter tube mounting pin in this invention ensures that the mounting pins can be prepared in automated equipment with the corresponding size pins, further improving the overall automation rate of the device.

[0019] Preferably, the emitter groove is integrated between the right arc plate and the left arc plate of the first grid, extending radially along the bottom surface of the upper cover to form a long side, and extending circumferentially to form a short side;

[0020] The emitter groove is integrated between the right arc plate and the left arc plate of the second grid, extending radially along the bottom surface of the upper cover to form a long side and extending circumferentially to form a short side.

[0021] The receiving tube groove is integrated between the right arc plate and the left arc plate of the third grille, extending radially along the bottom surface of the upper cover to form a long side and extending circumferentially to form a short side.

[0022] Preferably, the first transmitting tube groove and the second transmitting tube groove are adjacent to each other, and the first transmitting tube groove and the second receiving tube groove are separated by a grid.

[0023] Preferably, the second transmitter tube assembly consists of a second transmitter tube, a second transmitter tube mounting pin, and a second transmitter tube mounting groove. The second transmitter tube is disposed in the second transmitter tube mounting groove, and the second transmitter tube mounting pin extends downward from the top of one side of the second transmitter tube mounting groove near the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate and extends beyond the bottom surface of the lower cover plate.

[0024] Preferably, the side of the second transmitter mounting slot near the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate is a certain distance away from the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate, and this distance is a hollow structure to form the second mounting notch;

[0025] The length of the contact portion between the top of the second transmitter tube mounting slot and the second transmitter tube mounting pin is L2, and L2 is 0.5-5.5mm.

[0026] Preferably, the receiving tube assembly consists of a receiving tube, a receiving tube mounting pin, and a receiving tube mounting groove. The receiving tube is disposed in the receiving tube mounting groove, and the receiving tube mounting pin extends downward from the top of one side of the receiving tube mounting groove near the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate and extends beyond the bottom surface of the lower cover plate.

[0027] Preferably, the receiving tube mounting groove has a groove structure between one side of the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate and the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate to form a mounting notch.

[0028] The length of the contact area between the top of the receiving tube mounting groove and the receiving tube mounting pin is L3, and L3 ranges from 0.5 to 5.5 mm.

[0029] This invention provides mounting notches on the outer sides of the transmitter and receiver mounting slots at the bottom cover. The large notch design eliminates the small holes found in traditional optical labyrinths. This large notch design not only provides more guiding space but also reduces resistance during insertion, allowing the transmitter and receiver to be inserted smoothly and easily, and enabling them to bend at angles.

[0030] Preferably, the first recess of the transmitting tube corresponds to the first mounting groove of the transmitting tube; the inner wall of the first recess of the transmitting tube is provided with a sliding groove for accommodating the first mounting pin of the transmitting tube;

[0031] The second groove of the transmitting tube corresponds to the second groove of the transmitting tube; the inner wall of the second groove of the transmitting tube is provided with a sliding groove for accommodating the second pin of the transmitting tube.

[0032] Preferably, the upper cover plate has an integrally formed groove, and the lower cover plate has an integrally formed first buckle at the corresponding position.

[0033] Preferably, L1 is 2.0 mm; L2 is 2.0 mm; L3 is 2.0 mm.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the positive effects of the present invention are: (1) The present invention adopts an upper and lower interlocking structure, that is, corresponding grooves and mounting slots are designed on the upper and lower covers of the optical maze respectively. This design enables the automated assembly to be quickly and accurately aligned and inserted during the assembly process, which greatly improves the assembly efficiency and solves the automated assembly problem; (2) The optical maze has a large notch-shaped mounting notch and no small hole-like mounting holes, which solves the problem of inserting the transmitting tube and the receiving tube. The large notch design not only provides more guiding space, but also reduces the resistance during the insertion process, so that the transmitting tube can be inserted smoothly; (3) The optical maze structure design solves the problem that the old transmitting tube cannot be bent at the corner, is easy to be inserted off-center, and gets stuck; (4) The bracket design at the receiving tube prevents the shield from short-circuiting; (5) It improves the efficiency and accuracy of automated assembly, thereby reducing the product defect rate caused by assembly errors; (6) By improving the efficiency and accuracy of automated assembly, it reduces the scrap rate and rework rate in the production process, thereby reducing the production cost; (7) It improves the reliability of the final product. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the upper cover in this invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the upper cover in this invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lower cover assembly in this invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support assembly in this invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bracket assembly mounted on the lower cover assembly in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bracket assembly mounted on the lower cover assembly in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0041] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the assembly of the labyrinth-type optical detector in this invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the completed structure of the labyrinth optical detector in this invention;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first transmitting tube assembly in this invention;

[0044] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1-Top cover, 11-Top cover plate, 12-Receiver tube groove, 13-Card slot, 14-Grate, 15-Transmitter tube groove one, 16-Transmitter tube groove two, 151-Slide groove one, 161-Slide groove two, 21-Lower cover assembly, 211-Lower cover plate, 212-Transmitter tube assembly two, 213-Second buckle, 214-Transmitter tube assembly one, 215-First buckle, 216-Receiver tube assembly, 217-Narrow inclined baffle, 218-Wide inclined baffle. 219-Installation notch 2, 220-Installation notch 1, 221-Installation notch 3, 2121-Transmitter tube 2, 2122-Transmitter tube mounting pin 2, 2123-Transmitter tube mounting slot 2, 2141-Transmitter tube 1, 2142-Transmitter tube mounting pin 1, 2143-Transmitter tube mounting slot 1, 2161-Receiver tube, 2162-Receiver tube mounting pin, 2163-Receiver tube mounting slot, 23-Bracket assembly, 231-Shielding cover, 232-Bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The following is combined with Figure 1-9 The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments.

[0046] See Figure 1-9 The present invention provides a labyrinth optical detector, including an upper cover 1 and a lower cover;

[0047] The upper cover 1 includes an upper cover plate 11, the bottom surface of the upper cover plate 11 has a ring array of multiple grids 14 integrally formed; the bottom surface of the upper cover plate 11 also has an integrally formed transmitter groove 15, transmitter groove 2 16 and receiver groove 12.

[0048] The lower cover includes a lower cover assembly 21, which includes a lower cover plate 211. The top surface of the lower cover plate 211 is integrally formed with a first transmitter tube assembly 214, a second transmitter tube assembly 212, and a receiver tube assembly 216.

[0049] The feature is that the first transmitting tube groove 15, the second transmitting tube groove 16, and the receiving tube groove 12 are directly integrated between the grids 14;

[0050] The transmitter tube assembly 214 consists of a transmitter tube 2141, a transmitter tube mounting pin 2142, and a transmitter tube mounting groove 2143. The transmitter tube 2141 is disposed in the transmitter tube mounting groove 2143. The transmitter tube mounting pin 2142 extends downward from the top of one side of the transmitter tube mounting groove 2143 near the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211 and extends beyond the bottom surface of the lower cover plate 211.

[0051] The side of the transmitter mounting groove 2143 near the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211 is a distance away from the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211. This distance is a hollow structure that forms a mounting notch 220.

[0052] The length of the contact portion between the top of the transmitter tube mounting groove 2143 and the transmitter tube mounting pin 2142 is L1, and L1 is 0.5-5.5mm.

[0053] This invention employs an interlocking structure, where corresponding grooves and mounting slots are designed on the upper and lower covers of the labyrinthine optical detector, respectively. This design enables rapid and accurate alignment and insertion during automated assembly, significantly improving assembly efficiency and solving automated assembly problems. Furthermore, by directly integrating the transmitter and receiver grooves into the grid of the upper cover, and placing the transmitter and receiver mounting slots on the lower cover, this integrated structure not only simplifies the number of components but also simplifies the assembly process.

[0054] Moreover, the holeless mounting notch design in this invention can solve the problem of automated assembly of the upper and lower covers of the labyrinth optical detector. At the same time, since the mounting pins need to be bent, the limitation on the length of the contact part between the top of the transmitter tube mounting slot and the transmitter tube mounting pin in this invention ensures that the mounting pins can be prepared in automated equipment with the corresponding size pins, further improving the overall automation rate of the device.

[0055] The launch tube groove 15 is integrated between the right arc plate and the left arc plate of the first grille 14, extending radially along the bottom surface of the upper cover plate 11 to form a long side, and extending circumferentially to form a short side.

[0056] The second emitter groove 16 is integrated between the right arc plate and the left arc plate of the second grille 14, extending radially along the bottom surface of the upper cover plate 11 to form a long side, and extending circumferentially to form a short side.

[0057] The receiving tube groove 12 is integrated between the right arc plate and the left arc plate of the third grille 14, extending radially along the bottom surface of the upper cover plate 11 to form a long side, and extending circumferentially to form a short side.

[0058] The first transmitting tube groove 15 is adjacent to the second transmitting tube groove 16, and the first transmitting tube groove 15 is separated from the receiving tube groove 12 by a grid 14.

[0059] The second transmitter tube assembly 212 consists of a second transmitter tube 2121, a second transmitter tube mounting pin 2122, and a second transmitter tube mounting groove 2123. The second transmitter tube 2121 is disposed in the second transmitter tube mounting groove 2123. The second transmitter tube mounting pin 2122 extends downward from the top of one side of the second transmitter tube mounting groove 2123 near the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211 and extends beyond the bottom surface of the lower cover plate 211.

[0060] The side of the second 2123 of the transmitter tube mounting groove near the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211 is a distance away from the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211. This distance is a hollow structure, forming the second mounting notch 219.

[0061] The length of the contact portion between the top of the second transmitter tube mounting slot 2123 and the second transmitter tube mounting pin 2122 is L2, and L2 is 0.5-5.5mm.

[0062] The receiving tube assembly 216 consists of a receiving tube 2161, a receiving tube mounting pin 2162, and a receiving tube mounting groove 2163. The receiving tube 2161 is disposed in the receiving tube mounting groove 2163. The receiving tube mounting pin 2162 extends downward from the top of one side of the receiving tube mounting groove 2163 near the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211 and extends beyond the bottom surface of the lower cover plate 211.

[0063] The receiving tube mounting groove 2163 has a groove structure between its side near the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211 and the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211, forming a mounting notch 321;

[0064] The length of the contact area between the top of the receiving tube mounting slot 2163 and the receiving tube mounting pin 2162 is L3, with L3 ranging from 0.5 to 5.5 mm. This invention provides mounting notches on the outer sides of the transmitting tube mounting slot and the receiving tube mounting slot at the bottom cover. The large notch design of the mounting notch eliminates the small holes of the old optical labyrinth. The large notch design not only provides more guiding space but also reduces resistance during the insertion process, allowing the transmitting tube and receiving tube to be inserted smoothly, making the transmitting tube and receiving tube easy to insert and bendable.

[0065] The position of the launch tube groove 15 corresponds to that of the launch tube mounting groove 2143; the inner wall of the launch tube groove 15 is provided with a sliding groove 151 for accommodating the launch tube mounting pin 2142;

[0066] The second groove 16 of the transmitting tube corresponds to the second groove 2123 of the transmitting tube; the inner wall of the second groove 16 of the transmitting tube is provided with a sliding groove 161 for accommodating the second pin 2122 of the transmitting tube;

[0067] A clamping groove 13 is integrally formed on the upper cover plate 11, and a first buckle 215 is integrally formed at the corresponding position on the lower cover plate 211;

[0068] The value of L1 is 2.0 mm; the value of L2 is 2.0 mm; the value of L3 is 2.0 mm.

[0069] The grille 14 is in the shape of the Chinese character 'jiu'. Each grille 14 consists of a right arc plate, a left arc plate and a left concave part. The right arc plate of each grille 14 is inserted into the left concave part of the adjacent grille on its right; irregularly bent air flow channels are formed on both the left and right sides of each grille 14;

[0070] In the present invention, air detection is performed on the detection cavity formed by enclosing a plurality of grilles 14. The air flow channels are connected to the detection cavity. External light enters the detection cavity after being reflected at least four times through the air flow channels. The photoelectric detection device in the lower cover detects the air entering the detection cavity. The grille 14 and the upper cover 1 are combined with each other to form an integral structure, which makes the assembly of the detector more convenient and has a relatively high structural strength;

[0071] The lower cover further includes a bracket assembly 23 composed of a bracket 232 and a shielding cover 231. The bracket 232 is inserted into the third installation notch 221 and forms a closed structure with the receiving tube installation groove 2163 to enclose the receiving tube 2161. The shielding cover 231 is inserted into the third installation notch 221 and covers the outside of the bracket 232 and the receiving tube installation groove 2163. In the present invention, by installing the bracket 232 in the third installation notch 221 at the receiving tube installation groove, the bracket 232 at the receiving tube can prevent the shielding cover 231 from being short-circuited;

[0072] A narrow inclined baffle 217 and a wide inclined baffle 218 are fixedly arranged on the top surface of the lower cover plate 211. The narrow inclined baffle 217 is located between the receiving tube installation groove 2163 and the first transmitting tube installation groove 2143, and the wide inclined baffle 218 is located between the first transmitting tube installation groove 2143 and the second transmitting tube installation groove 2123;

[0073] The heights of the narrow inclined baffle 217 and the wide inclined baffle 218 are both higher than the emission hole heights of the first transmitting tube 2141, the second transmitting tube 2121 and the receiving tube 2161. In the present invention, through the two inclined baffles, that is, the heights of the narrow inclined baffle 217 and the wide inclined baffle 218 are higher than the emission holes of the two transmitting tubes and the receiving tube, which is used to directly block the direct light path of the detection light of the two transmitting tubes to the receiving tube.

[0074] Compared with the prior art, the positive effects of the present invention are: (1) The present invention adopts an upper and lower interlocking structure, that is, corresponding grooves and mounting slots are designed on the upper and lower covers of the optical maze respectively. This design enables the automated assembly to be quickly and accurately aligned and inserted during the assembly process, which greatly improves the assembly efficiency and solves the automated assembly problem; (2) The optical maze has a large notch-shaped mounting notch and no small hole-like mounting holes, which solves the problem of inserting the transmitting tube and the receiving tube. The large notch design not only provides more guiding space, but also reduces the resistance during the insertion process, so that the transmitting tube can be inserted smoothly; (3) The optical maze structure design solves the problem that the old transmitting tube cannot be bent at the corner, is easy to be inserted off-center, and gets stuck; (4) The bracket design at the receiving tube prevents the shield from short-circuiting; (5) It improves the efficiency and accuracy of automated assembly, thereby reducing the product defect rate caused by assembly errors; (6) By improving the efficiency and accuracy of automated assembly, it reduces the scrap rate and rework rate in the production process, thereby reducing the production cost; (7) It improves the reliability of the final product.

[0075] The above description only illustrates the preferred technical solution of the present invention. Any modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art to certain parts thereof all reflect the principles of the present invention and should be within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A labyrinth optical detector, comprising an upper cover (1) and a lower cover; the upper cover (1) comprises an upper cover plate (11), the bottom surface of the upper cover plate (11) is annularly arrayed and integrally formed with a plurality of grids (14); the bottom surface of the upper cover plate (11) is also integrally formed with an emission tube groove one (15), an emission tube groove two (16) and a receiving tube groove (12); the lower cover comprises a lower cover assembly (21), the lower cover assembly (21) comprises a lower cover plate (211), the top surface of the lower cover plate (211) is integrally formed with an emission tube assembly one (214), an emission tube assembly two (212) and a receiving tube assembly (216); characterized in that the emission tube groove one (15), the emission tube groove two (16) and the receiving tube groove (12) are directly integrated between the grids (14); the emission tube assembly one (214) is composed of an emission tube one (2141), an emission tube mounting pin one (2142) and an emission tube mounting slot one (2143), the emission tube one (2141) is arranged in the emission tube mounting slot one (2143), and the emission tube mounting pin one (2142) extends downward from the top end of the side surface of the emission tube mounting slot one (2143) close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211) and beyond the bottom surface of the lower cover plate (211); the side surface of the emission tube mounting slot one (2143) close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211) is a distance away from the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211), and this distance is a hollow structure to form an installation gap one (220); the length of the contact part between the top end of the emission tube mounting slot one (2143) and the emission tube mounting pin one (2142) is L1, and L1 is 0.5-5.5mm.

2. A labyrinthine optical probe as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the emission tube groove one (15) is integrated between the right side arc plate and the left side arc plate of the first grid (14), extends to form a long side in the radial direction of the bottom surface of the upper cover plate (11) and forms a short side in the circumferential direction; the emission tube groove two (16) is integrated between the right side arc plate and the left side arc plate of the second grid (14), extends to form a long side in the radial direction of the bottom surface of the upper cover plate (11) and forms a short side in the circumferential direction; and the receiving tube groove (12) is integrated between the right side arc plate and the left side arc plate of the third grid (14), extends to form a long side in the radial direction of the bottom surface of the upper cover plate (11) and forms a short side in the circumferential direction.

3. A labyrinthine optical probe as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the emission tube groove one (15) is adjacent to the emission tube groove two (16), and the emission tube groove one (15) is separated from the receiving tube groove (12) by one grid (14).

4. A labyrinthine optical probe as claimed in claim 3, wherein, the emission tube assembly two (212) is composed of an emission tube two (2121), an emission tube mounting pin two (2122) and an emission tube mounting slot two (2123), the emission tube two (2121) is arranged in the emission tube mounting slot two (2123), and the emission tube mounting pin two (2122) extends downward from the top end of the side surface of the emission tube mounting slot two (2123) close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211) and beyond the bottom surface of the lower cover plate (211).

5. A labyrinthine optical probe as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The side of the launching tube mounting slot two (2123) away from the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211) is a distance away from the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211), and this distance forms a mounting gap two (219) in a hollow structure; The length of the contact part between the top end of the launching tube mounting slot two (2123) and the launching tube mounting pin two (2122) is L2, and L2 is 0.5-5.5mm.

6. A labyrinthine optical probe as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that, The receiving tube assembly (216) is composed of a receiving tube (2161), a receiving tube mounting pin (2162) and a receiving tube mounting slot (2163), the receiving tube (2161) is arranged in the receiving tube mounting slot (2163), and the receiving tube mounting pin (2162) extends downward from the top end of the side of the receiving tube mounting slot (2163) close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211) and beyond the bottom surface of the lower cover plate (211).

7. A labyrinthine optical probe as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that, The side of the receiving tube mounting slot (2163) close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211) and the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211) have a groove structure to form a mounting gap three (221); The length of the contact part between the top end of the receiving tube mounting slot (2163) and the receiving tube mounting pin (2162) is L3, and L3 is 0.5-5.5mm.

8. A labyrinthine optical probe as claimed in claim 7, characterised in that, The launching tube groove one (15) corresponds to the position of the launching tube mounting slot one (2143); a sliding groove one (151) for accommodating the launching tube mounting pin one (2142) is arranged on the inner wall of the launching tube groove one (15); The launching tube groove two (16) corresponds to the position of the launching tube mounting slot two (2123); a sliding groove two (161) for accommodating the launching tube mounting pin two (2122) is arranged on the inner wall of the launching tube groove two (16).

9. A labyrinthine optical probe as claimed in claim 8, characterised in that, The upper cover plate (11) is integrally formed with a clamping groove (13), and the corresponding position on the lower cover plate (211) is integrally formed with a first clasp (215).

10. A labyrinth optical probe as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that L1 is 2.0mm; L2 is 2.0mm; and L3 is 2.0mm.

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