Intelligent environment regulation and control method and system for tricholoma matsutake cultivation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, and discloses an intelligent environment regulation and control method and system for tricholoma matsutake cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a layered matrix structure consisting of a substrate layer, a hypha layer and a covering layer, collecting temperature, humidity, pH value and hypha biomass spectral data in a matrix in real time through a sensor network, and dynamically adjusting drip irrigation, ventilation and dynamic sun-shading system operation parameters by using a priority regulation algorithm based on the data. Components of each layer of the layered substrate are clear, and directional expansion of hyphae can be guided. The regulation and control algorithm preferentially responds to a humidity regulation and control instruction and then responds to a spectrum feedback regulation instruction. The system comprises a layered matrix structure, a sensor network, an execution mechanism and a control module. According to the method, the tricholoma matsutake cultivation environment is accurately regulated and controlled, the yield and quality of tricholoma matsutake are effectively improved, and development of the tricholoma matsutake artificial cultivation industry is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural cultivation technology, and in particular to an intelligent environment control method and system for matsutake cultivation. Background Art

[0002] As a rare wild edible mushroom, matsutake is highly sought after and fetches a high price due to its unique flavor and rich nutritional value. However, for a long time, matsutake has relied primarily on wild collection. Due to its unique growth environment, where it forms an ectomycorrhizal symbiotic relationship with pine trees, it has stringent requirements for its growth environment, making artificial cultivation of matsutake a major challenge.

[0003] Traditional wild collection methods not only have limited yields, failing to meet growing market demand, but also have led to a sharp decline in wild matsutake resources and damage to the ecological environment due to overharvesting. Attempts at artificial cultivation face numerous challenges. For one thing, the substrate conditions required for matsutake growth are difficult to replicate. Matsutake grow in humus-rich soil, symbiotically absorbing nutrients from pine tree roots. Existing cultivation substrates often fail to accurately provide the nutrients and structure they require. For example, conventional culture substrates lack the appropriate air permeability, water retention, and rich, balanced nutrients found in natural humus soils, making it difficult to support the growth of matsutake mycelium and the formation of mycorrhizae.

[0004] On the other hand, environmental regulation is difficult. Matsutake growth is extremely sensitive to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, light, and air composition. In natural environments, these factors are in a dynamic equilibrium, but in artificial cultivation environments, precise control is difficult. For example, temperatures that are too high or too low can affect the growth rate and activity of matsutake mycelium. High humidity can easily lead to pests and diseases, while low humidity can cause mycelium to lose water. Light intensity and spectral composition also have a significant impact on matsutake growth and development. Inappropriate lighting conditions can hinder its normal physiological metabolism. Excessive carbon dioxide concentrations in the air can inhibit matsutake respiration, affecting its growth.

[0005] Currently, existing matsutake cultivation techniques often simply mimic the natural environment, lacking precise monitoring and dynamic control of environmental factors. Most cultivation sites rely on manual management, failing to accurately and timely adjust environmental parameters to the actual needs of matsutake growth. This results in low cultivation success rates, unstable yields, and inconsistent quality. These issues severely hinder the development of the artificial matsutake cultivation industry, necessitating the development of a method and system that can precisely control the matsutake growth environment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent environmental control method and system for matsutake cultivation to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent environmental control method for matsutake cultivation, the method comprising: Constructing a layered matrix structure, comprising a base layer, a mycelium layer, and a covering layer, wherein the base layer is a mixture of pine sawdust, humus, and rice husks in a predetermined proportion and sterilized at high temperature; the mycelium layer includes pre-buried bamboo fiber tubes to guide the mycelium's directional expansion; and the covering layer forms a conical base and is covered with domesticated moss. The temperature, humidity, pH value and mycelial biomass spectrum data in the layered matrix are collected in real time through a sensor network; Based on the sensor data, the operating parameters of the drip irrigation system, ventilation system and dynamic shading system are dynamically adjusted through a priority control algorithm, wherein the priority control algorithm preferentially responds to control instructions when humidity deviates from a threshold range, and secondly responds to spectral feedback control instructions triggered by changes in mycelial biomass.

[0008] Preferably, in the layered matrix structure: The base layer comprises 40% pine sawdust, 50% pine forest humus and 10% rice husk charcoal, wherein the pine sawdust is crushed to a particle size of ≤3mm and sterilized by high-temperature steaming at 120°C, and the humus has a maturity of ≥80% and an organic matter content of ≥35%; The mycelium layer comprises 73% humus, 25% perlite and 2% nano-calcium carbonate, with a pH value of 6.5±0.5, and the upper layer of perlite accounts for 30% and the lower layer accounts for 20% to form an air permeability gradient; The covering layer comprises 80% black sand and 20% pre-fermented straw segments. The bottom diameter of the conical base is 40 cm and the top diameter is 15 cm. The surface is covered with Glaucomycetes moss, and the coverage rate is ≥90%.

[0009] Preferably, the priority control algorithm includes: When the real-time humidity is lower than the target humidity threshold by 2%, the piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle is activated for drip irrigation, and the drip irrigation flow rate is linearly related to the humidity difference; When the real-time humidity is 2% higher than the target humidity threshold, the bottom ventilation duct is started and the activated carbon column is activated for gas exchange. The ventilation time is adjusted proportionally to the humidity difference.

[0010] Preferably, the execution of the spectral feedback adjustment instruction includes: The characteristic absorption peak intensity of glucan in mycelial biomass is detected by near-infrared spectrometry. If the biomass is lower than the preset threshold, the wavelength of the light source of the dynamic shading system is adjusted to 660nm red light and the light intensity is increased to 5000Lux. If the biomass reaches or exceeds the preset threshold, the wavelength of the light source is adjusted to 450nm blue light and the light intensity is reduced to 3000Lux.

[0011] Preferably, the realization of the directional expansion of mycelium includes: Bamboo fiber tubes with an inner diameter of 2 mm were pre-buried in the mycelium layer at intervals of 10 cm. The bamboo fiber tubes were arranged along the root system of the host pine tree, and mycelium was evenly inoculated around the bamboo fiber tubes by air pressure spraying.

[0012] Preferably, the method further comprises the step of inducing mycorrhizal symbiosis: The inducer is sprayed onto the stratified substrate every 15 days, wherein the inducer comprises 5 ppm gibberellin GA3, 3 ppm naphthaleneacetic acid NAA and 10 nM strigolactone, and the spraying time is set to 1 hour before sunrise; The strigolactone is obtained by extracting rhizosphere soil extract of Yunnan pine with ethyl acetate and concentrating under reduced pressure.

[0013] Preferably, the high temperature sterilization treatment includes: The pine sawdust was steamed at 120°C for 30 minutes to destroy the lignin-cellulose composite structure. At the same time, the humus soil was sterilized by microwave treatment with a microwave frequency of 2450 MHz, a power of 800 W, and an action time of 100-150 seconds.

[0014] Preferably, the regulation of the dynamic shading system includes: Based on real-time spectral data and external light intensity, the transmittance of the electrochromic glass is controlled in different areas. The transmittance adjustment range is 10%-70%, and the response time is ≤1 second.

[0015] Preferably, the operation of the gas exchange system includes: When the CO2 concentration exceeds 1000ppm, the activated carbon column adsorption is started and the ventilation duct is linked to perform gas replacement. The iodine adsorption value of the activated carbon column is ≥1000mg / g, and the ventilation volume is dynamically adjusted according to the CO2 concentration deviation value.

[0016] Preferably, the present invention further comprises an intelligent environmental control system for matsutake cultivation, the system comprising: A layered matrix structure module is used to implement the layered matrix construction and mycelium expansion guidance of the intelligent environmental control method for matsutake cultivation; A sensor network module, including a soil multi-parameter probe and a near-infrared spectrometer, is used to monitor environmental parameters and mycelial biomass in real time; Actuator module, including piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle, electrochromic glass sunshade device and activated carbon column ventilation system; The control module is used to run the priority control algorithm and spectral feedback adjustment instructions, and display the mycelial network expansion status through a 3D visualization interface.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The intelligent environmental control method and system for matsutake cultivation of the present invention, starting from multiple key links, brings significant beneficial effects to the artificial cultivation of matsutake. In terms of matrix construction, the layered matrix structure design is scientific and reasonable. The base layer is a mixture of pine sawdust, humus and rice husks in specific proportions and sterilized at high temperature, providing a stable foundation for the growth of matsutake. Among them, the pine sawdust is crushed to a suitable particle size and sterilized, which is beneficial to the release of nutrients and prevents contamination by foreign bacteria; the high maturity and rich organic matter of the humus, and the improvement of air permeability by rice husk charcoal, together create a good growth environment. The mycelium layer guides the directional expansion of the mycelium through pre-buried bamboo fiber tubes, ensuring that the mycelium can grow in an orderly manner and improving the efficiency of mycorrhiza formation with the host pine tree root system. The conical base and domesticated moss of the covering layer are not only conducive to drainage and light distribution, but also can effectively maintain humidity and regulate the microclimate, creating a suitable microecological environment for the growth of matsutake.

[0018] The system boasts powerful environmental monitoring and control capabilities. A sensor network collects real-time temperature, humidity, pH, and spectral data on mycelial biomass within the layered matrix, enabling comprehensive and accurate monitoring of the matsutake mushroom growth environment. Based on this data, a priority control algorithm plays a key role. Control commands prioritize responses to humidity deviations from thresholds. When humidity is abnormal, the drip irrigation and ventilation systems rapidly adjust to ensure optimal humidity. For example, if the real-time humidity falls below the target threshold by 2%, piezoelectric ceramic atomizer nozzles initiate drip irrigation. The drip irrigation flow rate is linearly correlated with the humidity difference, ensuring precise water replenishment. When humidity exceeds the threshold, bottom ventilation ducts and activated carbon columns work together to remove excess moisture and purify the air. Spectral feedback control commands promptly adjust lighting conditions based on changes in mycelial biomass. A near-infrared spectrometer measures the intensity of the characteristic absorption peak of glucan in mycelial biomass. When biomass falls below a preset threshold, the dynamic shading system adjusts the light source to 660nm red light at an increased intensity to promote photosynthesis and mycelial growth. When the threshold is reached or exceeded, the system switches to 450nm blue light at a reduced intensity to optimize mycelial morphology and physiological metabolism.

[0019] Mycorrhizal symbiosis induction measures are effective. An inducer containing gibberellin (GA3), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and strigolactones is sprayed every 15 days, one hour before sunrise, when environmental conditions are favorable for their absorption. Stigolactones are extracted from the rhizosphere soil of Yunnan pine trees. These components work synergistically to significantly enhance the symbiotic relationship between the mycelium and the host pine tree roots, improving the matsutake's ability to absorb nutrients and water, and promoting healthy growth.

[0020] In addition, the system's dynamic shading system and gas exchange system further optimize the growth environment. The dynamic shading system controls the transmittance of the electrochromic glass in different zones based on real-time spectral data and external light intensity. It responds quickly and has a reasonable adjustment range, which can not only avoid damage from strong light but also ensure sufficient light. When the CO2 concentration exceeds 1000ppm, the gas exchange system starts the activated carbon column adsorption and links the ventilation duct to perform gas replacement. The ventilation volume is dynamically adjusted according to the CO2 concentration deviation to maintain fresh air and provide a good gas environment for the growth of matsutake. Overall, the present invention greatly improves the success rate, yield and quality of artificial cultivation of matsutake, and promotes the sustainable development of the matsutake cultivation industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a working principle diagram of the intelligent environmental control method for matsutake cultivation according to the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the humidity control process of the priority control algorithm; Figure 3 A flow chart showing the execution of spectral feedback adjustment instructions; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the process for achieving directed mycelial expansion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 The present invention provides an intelligent environmental control method for matsutake cultivation, and its specific implementation method is described in detail below.

[0024] First, an intelligent environmental control system for matsutake cultivation is established. Creating a layered matrix structure is a key step in matsutake cultivation. The matrix consists of a specific mixture of pine sawdust, humus, and rice husks, mixed in a specific ratio and sterilized at high temperature. Specifically, pine sawdust is crushed to a particle size of ≤3mm. Then, 40% of the pine sawdust, 50% humus with a maturity of ≥80% and an organic matter content of ≥35%, and 10% of rice husks are mixed. The pine sawdust is sterilized by steaming at 120°C, and the rice husks are carbonized at 500°C to achieve a carbonization rate of 60%-70% and a specific surface area of ≥200 m² / g. The resulting matrix is 5-8cm thick, providing a long-term carbon source while also being highly breathable and effectively preventing water accumulation.

[0025] The mycelial layer contains pre-embedded bamboo fiber tubes to guide the mycelial expansion. This layer is composed of 73% humus, 25% perlite, and 2% nano-calcium carbonate, with a pH maintained at 6.5 ± 0.5. To create an air permeability gradient, the upper layer (0-5cm depth) comprises 30% perlite, while the lower layer (5-15cm depth) comprises 20%. Within the mycelial layer, bamboo fiber tubes with an inner diameter of 2mm are embedded at 10cm intervals, arranged in the direction of the host pine tree's root system.

[0026] The mulch layer forms a conical base covered with domesticated moss. It consists of 80% black sand and 20% straw segments pre-fermented for seven days with a composite inoculum (white rot fungi + Trichoderma, in a 1:1 ratio). The conical base has a base diameter of 40 cm, a top diameter of 15 cm, a height of 12 cm, and an inclination of 35° ± 2°. It is covered with Glaucidium moss, with a coverage rate of ≥ 90%. An activated carbon column (5 cm diameter, 10 cm height, iodine adsorption value ≥ 1000 mg / g) is embedded in the center of the base and connected to a ventilation duct at the bottom to retain water, divert water, and simulate natural shade.

[0027] During cultivation, a sensor network collects real-time data on temperature, humidity, pH, and mycelial biomass within the layered substrate. A multi-parameter soil probe, implanted at a depth of 10 cm, simultaneously and accurately monitors temperature (±0.1°C), humidity (±1%RH), pH (±0.1), and EC (±5μS / cm). A near-infrared spectrometer (900-1700nm) measures mycelial biomass in real time (based on the characteristic absorption peak of glucan).

[0028] Based on the collected sensor data, a priority control algorithm dynamically adjusts the operating parameters of the drip irrigation system, ventilation system, and dynamic shading system. The priority control algorithm prioritizes responses to humidity deviations from threshold values, followed by spectral feedback control commands triggered by changes in mycelial biomass.

[0029] The implementation process of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to seven embodiments.

[0030] Example 1;

[0031] Matsutake cultivation is being conducted in a high-altitude pine forest in Yunnan. While the altitude is suitable for matsutake growth, the natural environment presents some uncertainties. For the base layer, sawdust from the mid-stalks of local Yunnan pine trees over 30 years old (bark and pith avoided) is used. This sawdust is crushed and passed through a 3mm sieve to a resin content of ≤0.5%. The sawdust is sterilized by steaming at 120°C for 30 minutes to destroy the lignin-cellulose complex and increase porosity. 50% of the soil is humus soil from the surface layer (0-10cm depth) of a naturally occurring matsutake forest. The soil is microwave-sterilized (2450MHz, 800W, 100-150s) to preserve beneficial microbial communities. Furthermore, 10% of the soil is carbonized at 500°C to a carbonization rate of 60%-70% and a specific surface area of ≥200 m² / g. The base layer configured in this way has a thickness of 6 cm and a C / N ratio ≥ 80:1, which can provide a stable basic environment for the growth of matsutake mushrooms.

[0032] The mycelium layer is composed of 73% humus soil (from the same source as the base layer, with an additional 0.3% chitosan with a deacetylation degree of ≥90% added as a binder), 25% perlite with a particle size of 2-4 mm (calcined at 900°C, with an expansion ratio of ≥15 times), and 2% nano-scale light calcium carbonate (particle size ≤100 nm, pH buffering capacity ≥5 mmol H + / g) configuration. The upper layer (0-5cm depth) consists of 30% perlite, while the lower layer (5-15cm) comprises 20%, creating an air permeability gradient. Bamboo fiber tubes with an inner diameter of 2mm are embedded within the layer at 10cm intervals, arranged along the root system of the host pine tree to create favorable conditions for directional mycelial expansion.

[0033] The covering layer consists of 80% black sand soil (particle size 0.05-0.5mm, cation exchange capacity (CEC) ≥25 cmmol / kg) derived from volcanic ash weathering, and 20% rice straw cut into 2-5 cm segments (pre-fermented with a complex bacterial inoculant for 7 days). A conical base is constructed with a base diameter of 40 cm, a top diameter of 15 cm, a height of 12 cm, and a 35° inclination. The surface is covered with domesticated moss (Glaucophytes, with a coverage rate ≥90%). An activated carbon column (5 cm diameter, 10 cm height, iodine adsorption value ≥1000 mg / g) is embedded in the center of the base and connected to the bottom ventilation duct.

[0034] In terms of intelligent environmental control, the environmental parameters are monitored in real time through the sensor network. When the soil moisture is lower than the target humidity threshold of 2%, the piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle is activated for drip irrigation. , the real-time humidity is , drip irrigation flow It is linearly related to the humidity difference, and the formula is ,in is the flow adjustment coefficient, which is set to 0.5mL / min / % according to the actual situation. When the real-time humidity is 2% higher than the target humidity threshold, the bottom ventilation duct is started and the activated carbon column is activated for gas exchange. The ventilation time is Adjusted in proportion to the humidity difference, the formula is , The ventilation duration adjustment coefficient was set at 0.3 min / %. Mycelial biomass was monitored using a near-infrared spectrometer. If the biomass fell below a preset threshold, the dynamic shading system's light source wavelength was adjusted to 660 nm red light and the intensity was increased to 5000 lux. If the biomass reached or exceeded the preset threshold, the light source wavelength was adjusted to 450 nm blue light and the intensity was reduced to 3000 lux. After a period of cultivation, the mycelial colonization rate reached 85%, the average fruiting body weight was 40 g, and the deformity rate was kept below 8%, achieving excellent cultivation results.

[0035] Example 2;

[0036] Matsutake cultivation was carried out in a greenhouse in a plain area. Because this region is not the native habitat of matsutake, the climatic conditions differ significantly from those in high-altitude pine forests, requiring more human intervention during the cultivation process. The construction of the layered matrix structure was essentially the same as in Example 1, but in terms of intelligent environmental control, in addition to conventional control measures, artificial lighting (660nm wavelength red light, 12h / day photoperiod) and floor heating temperature control (maintaining the ground temperature at 15°C in winter) were added.

[0037] In terms of humidity control, the priority control algorithm is also followed. When the real-time humidity is 2% lower than the target humidity threshold, the piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle is started for drip irrigation, and the drip irrigation flow It is linearly related to the humidity difference, and the formula is , here According to the characteristics of the greenhouse environment, it is set to 0.6mL / min / %. When the real-time humidity is 2% higher than the target humidity threshold, the bottom ventilation duct is started and the activated carbon column is activated for gas exchange. The ventilation time is Adjusted in proportion to the humidity difference, the formula is , Set to 0.4min / %.

[0038] The execution of the spectral feedback adjustment instruction includes: detecting the mycelial biomass through a near-infrared spectrometer. If the biomass is lower than the preset threshold, the wavelength of the light source of the dynamic shading system is adjusted to 660nm red light and the light intensity is increased to 5000Lux; if the biomass reaches or exceeds the preset threshold, the wavelength of the light source is adjusted to 450nm blue light and the light intensity is reduced to 3000Lux. In terms of mycorrhizal symbiosis induction, the inducer is sprayed on the stratified substrate every 15 days. The inducer contains 5ppm gibberellin GA3, 3ppm naphthaleneacetic acid NAA and 10nM strigolactone. The spraying time is set to 1 hour before sunrise. After a period of cultivation, the mycelial colonization rate reached 70%, which is nearly 30% higher than the group without light supplementation, verifying the adaptability and effectiveness of this technology in non-alpine areas.

[0039] Example 3;

[0040] A substrate formulation screening test was conducted at an experimental base. Three experimental groups were set up: a control group used a traditional sawdust substrate (100% pine sawdust), experimental group 1 used the original formulation of the present invention (40% pine sawdust + 50% humus soil + 10% rice husk charcoal), experimental group 2 used alternative formulation A (30% pine sawdust + 60% humus soil + 10% rice husk charcoal), and experimental group 3 used alternative formulation B (50% pine sawdust + 40% humus soil + 10% corn cob charcoal).

[0041] The sawdust pretreatment in each experimental group was steamed at 120℃, the humus soil was taken from pine forests, the rice husk carbonization temperature was 500℃ in experimental groups 1 and 2, and the corn cob carbonization temperature was 450℃ in experimental group 3. During the cultivation process, various indicators were monitored. Calculation of matrix porosity , the formula is ,in is the matrix pore volume, is the total volume of the matrix. Calculate the fruiting body yield , the formula is , is the number of fruiting bodies, is the average single weight of fruiting bodies.

[0042] The test results showed that the control group had a mycelial colonization rate of 25%, a matrix porosity of 30%, a fruiting body weight of 20g, and a waterlogging rate of 35%. In test group 1, the mycelial colonization rate reached 88%, the matrix porosity was 42%, the fruiting body weight was 43g, and the waterlogging rate was 5%. In test group 2, the mycelial colonization rate was 75%, the matrix porosity was 37%, the fruiting body weight was 34g, and the waterlogging rate was 10%. In test group 3, the mycelial colonization rate was 80%, the matrix porosity was 38%, the fruiting body weight was 37g, and the waterlogging rate was 7%. The results showed that the combination with a C / N ratio ≥ 80:1 and a porosity > 40% when pine sawdust accounted for 40%, humus soil 50%, and rice husk charcoal 10% had the best mycelial expansion performance.

[0043] Example 4;

[0044] Another study, conducted at a high-altitude location, focused on the effects of directional mycelial expansion on matsutake growth. Bamboo fiber tubes with an inner diameter of 2 mm were embedded within the mycelial layer at 10 cm intervals, oriented along the root system of the host pine tree. Using a pneumatic spray method, mycelium was evenly inoculated around the tubes, with an inoculation density of 5 g / m² in the basal layer and 3 g / m² in the mycelial layer.

[0045] During the cultivation process, monitor the mycelium growth and record the speed at which the mycelium expands along the bamboo fiber tube. , the formula is , For mycelium in a certain period of time The length of the mycelium expansion inside the bamboo fiber tube was recorded. At the same time, the uniformity of the distribution of mycelium around the bamboo fiber tube was recorded. , the formula is , is the growth of mycelium at different positions, is the average growth rate, is the number of measurement points.

[0046] Observations revealed that, with bamboo fiber tubes guiding the growth, the mycelium colonization rate increased by 30% compared to areas without them. The mycelium expanded significantly faster and more evenly. Fruiting bodies formed more centrally, and yield increased by 25%, demonstrating the positive effects of directional mycelium expansion technology on matsutake growth.

[0047] Example 5;

[0048] A mycorrhizal symbiosis induction experiment was conducted in a mountain pine forest. Every 15 days, the stratified substrate was sprayed with an inducer consisting of 5 ppm gibberellin (GA3), 3 ppm naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and 10 nM strigolactone. The spraying time was set one hour before sunrise. Strigolactone was obtained by extracting the rhizosphere soil extract of Yunnan pine (Pinus yunnanensis) with ethyl acetate and concentrating it under reduced pressure.

[0049] During the experiment, the symbiosis between the mycelium of Matsutake mushrooms and the pine tree roots was monitored. Calculation of the symbiosis index , the formula is , is the biomass of symbiotic hyphae, is the total biomass of mycelium. At the same time, the quality indicators of the fruiting body, such as protein content, are monitored. , the formula is , is the mass of protein in the fruiting body, is the total mass of the fruiting body.

[0050] After a period of testing, it was found that after spraying the inducer, the symbiotic index increased by 20% and the protein content of the fruiting body increased by 15%, indicating that the mycorrhizal symbiotic induction technology effectively promoted the symbiotic relationship between Matsutake mushrooms and pine trees and improved the quality of the fruiting bodies.

[0051] Example 6;

[0052] A dynamic shading system control test was conducted in a greenhouse. Based on real-time spectral data and external light intensity, the transmittance of the electrochromic glass was controlled in different zones. The transmittance adjustment range was 10%-70%, with a response time of ≤1 second.

[0053] During the test, record the changes in the transmittance of the electrochromic glass under different lighting conditions. Assume that the external light intensity is , the internal target light intensity is , transmittance adjustment value The calculation formula is (when At the same time, the growth of mycelium and the development of fruiting bodies under different light transmittances were recorded.

[0054] Experiments have shown that properly regulating the dynamic shading system can provide optimal lighting conditions for matsutake growth. Adjusting the light transmittance to 30%-50% during the mycelial growth phase significantly accelerates mycelial growth; while adjusting the light transmittance to 20%-40% during the fruiting body development phase significantly improves the quality of the fruiting bodies.

[0055] Example 7;

[0056] A gas exchange system operation test was conducted at a cultivation site. When the CO2 concentration exceeded 1000 ppm, activated carbon column adsorption was activated and the ventilation duct was linked to perform gas replacement. The activated carbon column iodine adsorption value was ≥ 1000 mg / g, and the ventilation rate was dynamically adjusted based on the CO2 concentration deviation.

[0057] Assume the target CO2 concentration is , the real-time concentration is , ventilation volume The calculation formula is , The ventilation rate adjustment coefficient was set to 0.5 m³ / min / ppm based on the actual situation. During the experiment, the changes in CO2 concentration and the growth of matsutake mushrooms were monitored.

[0058] Experiments have shown that activating the gas exchange system promptly when CO2 concentration exceeds a threshold can effectively reduce CO2 concentration and maintain a suitable gas environment. In this favorable gas environment, the mycelium of Matsutake mushrooms grows more robustly, and the yield and quality of the fruiting bodies are improved.

[0059] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0060] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligent environmental control method for matsutake cultivation, characterized in that: include: Constructing a layered matrix structure, comprising a base layer, a mycelium layer, and a covering layer, wherein the base layer is a mixture of pine sawdust, humus, and rice husks in a predetermined proportion and sterilized at high temperature; the mycelium layer includes pre-buried bamboo fiber tubes to guide the mycelium's directional expansion; and the covering layer forms a conical base and is covered with domesticated moss. The temperature, humidity, pH value and mycelial biomass spectrum data in the layered matrix are collected in real time through a sensor network; Based on the sensor data, the operating parameters of the drip irrigation system, ventilation system and dynamic shading system are dynamically adjusted through a priority control algorithm, wherein the priority control algorithm preferentially responds to control instructions when humidity deviates from a threshold range, and secondly responds to spectral feedback control instructions triggered by changes in mycelial biomass.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the layered matrix structure: The base layer comprises 40% pine sawdust, 50% pine forest humus and 10% rice husk charcoal, wherein the pine sawdust is crushed to a particle size of ≤3mm and sterilized by high-temperature steaming at 120°C, and the humus has a maturity of ≥80% and an organic matter content of ≥35%; The mycelium layer comprises 73% humus, 25% perlite and 2% nano-calcium carbonate, with a pH value of 6.5±0.5, and the upper layer of perlite accounts for 30% and the lower layer accounts for 20% to form an air permeability gradient; The covering layer comprises 80% black sand and 20% pre-fermented straw segments. The bottom diameter of the conical base is 40 cm and the top diameter is 15 cm. The surface is covered with Glaucomycetes moss, and the coverage rate is ≥90%.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The priority control algorithm includes: When the real-time humidity is lower than the target humidity threshold by 2%, the piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle is activated for drip irrigation, and the drip irrigation flow rate is linearly related to the humidity difference; When the real-time humidity is 2% higher than the target humidity threshold, the bottom ventilation duct is started and the activated carbon column is activated for gas exchange. The ventilation time is adjusted proportionally to the humidity difference.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The execution of the spectrum feedback adjustment instruction includes: The characteristic absorption peak intensity of glucan in mycelial biomass is detected by near-infrared spectrometry. If the biomass is lower than the preset threshold, the wavelength of the light source of the dynamic shading system is adjusted to 660nm red light and the light intensity is increased to 5000Lux. If the biomass reaches or exceeds the preset threshold, the wavelength of the light source is adjusted to 450nm blue light and the light intensity is reduced to 3000Lux.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The realization of the mycelium directional expansion includes: Bamboo fiber tubes with an inner diameter of 2 mm were pre-buried in the mycelium layer at intervals of 10 cm. The bamboo fiber tubes were arranged along the root system of the host pine tree, and mycelium was evenly inoculated around the bamboo fiber tubes by air pressure spraying.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes mycorrhizal symbiosis induction steps: The inducer is sprayed onto the stratified substrate every 15 days, wherein the inducer comprises 5 ppm gibberellin GA3, 3 ppm naphthaleneacetic acid NAA and 10 nM strigolactone, and the spraying time is set to 1 hour before sunrise; The strigolactone is obtained by extracting rhizosphere soil extract of Yunnan pine with ethyl acetate and concentrating under reduced pressure.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The high temperature sterilization treatment includes: The pine sawdust was steamed at 120°C for 30 minutes to destroy the lignin-cellulose composite structure. At the same time, the humus soil was sterilized by microwave treatment with a microwave frequency of 2450 MHz, a power of 800 W, and an action time of 100-150 seconds.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The regulation of the dynamic shading system includes: Based on real-time spectral data and external light intensity, the transmittance of the electrochromic glass is controlled in different areas. The transmittance adjustment range is 10%-70%, and the response time is ≤1 second.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The operation of the gas exchange system includes: When the CO2 concentration exceeds 1000ppm, the activated carbon column adsorption is started and the ventilation duct is linked to perform gas replacement. The iodine adsorption value of the activated carbon column is ≥1000mg / g, and the ventilation volume is dynamically adjusted according to the CO2 concentration deviation value.

10. An intelligent environmental control system for matsutake cultivation, characterized in that: include: A layered matrix structure module, used to implement the layered matrix construction and mycelium expansion guidance according to any one of claims 1 to 9; A sensor network module, including a soil multi-parameter probe and a near-infrared spectrometer, is used to monitor environmental parameters and mycelial biomass in real time; Actuator module, including piezoelectric ceramic atomizing nozzle, electrochromic glass sunshade device and activated carbon column ventilation system; The control module is used to run the priority control algorithm and spectral feedback adjustment instructions, and display the mycelial network expansion status through a 3D visualization interface.

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