Road engineering pavement quality detection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a road engineering pavement quality detection device, and relates to the technical field of pavement quality detection. Comprising a base fixed through a connecting plate, a moving plate and a pavement sample, supporting columns used for vertical sliding of the moving plate are arranged on the two sides of the top of the base, the top of the connecting plate is rotationally connected with a lead screw penetrating through the middle section of the moving plate, and the tops of the supporting columns and the lead screw are fixedly connected with limiting rings; a moving mechanism is connected below the mounting plate through a guide connecting shaft, a detection assembly is arranged at the bottom of the moving mechanism, placing grooves for fixing a pavement sample are formed in the two sides of the top of the base, supporting plates are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the tops, close to the two sides of the pavement sample, of the two bases, and the bottoms of the two ends of the moving mechanism are magnetically connected with the supporting plates. According to the invention, the problem of large detection error caused by unevenness of the road surface rolled by the pulley during detection on the road surface in the prior art is solved, and the quality of road surface flatness detection is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of road surface quality detection, and in particular to a road surface quality detection device for highway engineering. Background Art

[0002] Road pavement quality testing in highway projects is a crucial step in ensuring road safety, durability, and comfort. With economic development and increased traffic demand, the construction of infrastructure such as expressways and urban roads is increasing. The quality of the road surface directly impacts the service life of roads and driving safety. Therefore, systematic road pavement quality testing is particularly important. Road pavement quality testing primarily involves evaluating indicators such as pavement smoothness, strength, skid resistance, and durability. Scientific testing methods can promptly identify defects that may arise during construction and use, such as deformation, cracks, and looseness. If these issues are not promptly addressed, they will not only impact traffic safety but may also lead to larger-scale traffic accidents, increase maintenance costs, and shorten the service life of roads. Road pavement quality testing in highway projects is not only an important measure to ensure traffic safety, but also a key step in improving the overall quality of highway projects and extending their service life.

[0003] After searching, the utility model patent with Chinese patent publication number CN217922969U discloses a road surface flatness detection device for highway engineering. The utility model provides a road surface flatness detection device for highway engineering that is convenient for the detector to perform mobile detection and can reduce the intensity of manual labor. The utility model provides such a road surface flatness detection device for highway engineering, including a support seat, a sliding rod, a detector and an elastic member; the rear part of the support seat is slidably connected to the sliding rod, the bottom of the sliding rod is installed with a detector, an elastic member is connected between the sliding rod and the support seat, and the elastic member is sleeved on the sliding rod. The road surface flatness detection device for highway engineering in the above invention has the following shortcomings:

[0004] Although the above-mentioned device enables the staff to move the device by pushing the push rod to make the pulley roll on the road surface, thereby facilitating the detector to detect the flatness of the road surface, when the road surface rolled by the pulley is uneven during the movement of the entire device, the detection result will have a large error. Therefore, a road surface quality detection device for highway engineering is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a road surface quality detection device for highway engineering.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A road surface quality detection device for highway engineering comprises a base, a movable plate and a road surface sample fixed by a connecting plate, support columns for vertical sliding of the movable plate are provided on both sides of the top of the base, the top of the connecting plate is rotatably connected to a screw rod passing through the middle section of the movable plate, the top of the support column and the screw rod are fixedly connected to a limiting ring, the front of the movable plate is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, the bottom of the mounting plate is connected to a moving mechanism through a guide shaft, a detection component is provided at the bottom of the moving mechanism, placement grooves for fixing road surface samples are opened on both sides of the top of the base, the two bases are fixedly connected to support plates near the top outer walls on both sides of the road surface sample, and the bottoms of both ends of the moving mechanism are magnetically connected to the support plates.

[0008] Preferably: a servo motor is fixed to the back outer wall of the movable plate through a support plate, and a rotating shaft is connected to one side of the mounting plate through a bearing, a helical gear set is provided on the circumference of the rotating shaft, and the helical gear set includes two helical gears that mesh vertically with each other, the end of the mounting plate vertically passes through and is rotatably connected to a rotating rod, the horizontal helical gear in the helical gear set is fixedly connected to the circumference of the rotating rod, the bottom end of the rotating rod is connected to the guide shaft through a thread, a transmission wheel is provided at the output end of the rotating shaft and the servo motor, the two transmission wheels are circumferentially sleeved with the same transmission belt, a guide hole is opened on the side of the movable plate close to the output end of the servo motor, and the transmission belt passes through the guide hole.

[0009] Furthermore: a horizontal gear 1 is provided on the bottom circumferential outer wall of the screw rod, and a horizontal gear 2 is provided on the top outer wall of the connecting plate close to the horizontal gear 1. The horizontal gear 1 and the horizontal gear 2 are meshed with each other, and an adjustment button is provided on the top of the inner shaft of the horizontal gear 2.

[0010] Based on the above scheme: the moving mechanism includes a sliding plate, a connecting shaft, a convex plate, a telescopic plate, a guide rail, a guide groove, a V-shaped turning plate, a guide wheel and a trapezoidal guide block, and the connecting shaft is connected to the bottom of the guide shaft through a thread, and the V-shaped turning plate is connected to the bottom end circumference of the connecting shaft through a thread, and the guide wheel is rotatably connected to the V ends on both sides of the V-shaped turning plate.

[0011] A better solution among the above solutions is: the extended end of the telescopic plate is adsorbed on the top of the support plate, and the guide rail is fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two telescopic plates, the guide groove is opened at the top of the guide rail, and the bottom of both ends of the sliding plate is slidably connected in the guide groove through trapezoidal guide blocks.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the guide groove forms a sliding fit with the trapezoidal guide block, each two protruding plates are opened at the top four corners of the sliding plate, and the circumference of the guide wheel forms a sliding fit with the opposite side of each two protruding plates.

[0013] At the same time, the moving mechanism also includes a touch sensor and a mounting hole, and each two mounting holes are respectively opened on the front side and the back side of the sliding plate. The touch sensor is arranged on the inner side of one of the telescopic plates close to one end of the guide groove, and the two ends of the detection component are fixedly connected in the mounting hole.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the detection component includes a U-shaped plate, a fastening bolt, a fixing plate, a mounting cover and a connecting hole, and the U-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the mounting holes on both sides of the sliding plate by the fastening bolt, every two connecting holes are opened at both ends of the U-shaped plate, the connecting holes and the mounting holes have the same aperture, the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the U-shaped plate at equal distances, a mounting groove is opened on one side of the front of the fixing plate, and the mounting cover is connected to one side of the mounting groove by a hinge.

[0015] At the same time, the detection assembly also includes a test wheel, a laser ranging sensor, a spring, a reflector and a support seat, and the spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed plate, and the top of the support seat is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the spring.

[0016] As a better solution of the present invention: the reflector is fixedly connected to the top of the support base, the test wheel rotates to connect to one side of the support base, the laser ranging sensor is fixedly connected to the mounting groove, and the laser detection end of the laser ranging sensor passes through the bottom of the fixed plate.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. This road surface quality detection device for highway engineering projects, by setting up a mobile mechanism, facilitates the detection component to perform multiple inspections on the surface of the road sample. It not only solves the problem of large detection errors caused by the unevenness of the pulley rolling on the road surface when performing inspections on the road surface in the existing technology, but also ensures the quality of highway road surface flatness inspection.

[0019] 2. This road surface quality inspection device for highway engineering projects uses a sliding plate in a moving mechanism to drive a group of test wheels in the inspection assembly to move back and forth on the surface of a road sample, and a laser ranging sensor is used to measure the distance changes of the undulations, thereby improving the efficiency of highway road surface smoothness.

[0020] 3. This road engineering pavement quality detection device can effectively reduce the error of surface flatness detection of pavement samples and improve the accuracy of detection by establishing a detection mechanism. In practical applications, the algorithm can be further optimized and adjusted according to specific needs to improve the judgment of the results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a road surface quality detection device for highway engineering proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a road surface quality detection device for highway engineering proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a side structural diagram of a road surface quality detection device for highway engineering proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a moving mechanism in a road surface quality detection device for highway engineering proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of a moving mechanism in a road surface quality detection device for highway engineering proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a detection component in a road surface quality detection device for highway engineering proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the partial explosion structure of the detection component in the road surface quality detection device for highway engineering proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a control diagram of a road surface quality detection device for highway engineering proposed by the present invention.

[0029] Figure: 1. Base; 2. Support column; 3. Moving plate; 4. Limiting ring; 5. Screw; 6. Mounting plate; 7. Bevel gear set; 8. Guide shaft; 9. Moving mechanism; 10. Detection component; 11. Road surface sample; 12. Horizontal gear 1; 13. Horizontal gear 2; 14. Adjustment knob; 15. Servo motor; 16. Transmission belt; 17. Rotating shaft; 901. Sliding plate; 902. Connecting shaft; 903. Protruding plate; 904. Touch sensor Device; 905, telescopic plate; 906, guide rail; 907, guide groove; 908, V-shaped turn plate; 909, guide wheel; 910, trapezoidal guide block; 911, mounting hole; 1001, U-shaped plate; 1002, fastening bolt; 1003, fixing plate; 1004, test wheel; 1005, mounting cover; 1006, connecting hole; 1007, laser ranging sensor; 1008, spring; 1009, reflector; 1010, support base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0031] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connected," and "disposed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connection or disposition, detachable connection or disposition, or integral connection or disposition. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] A road surface quality detection device for highway engineering, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, it includes a base 1, the top outer wall of the base 1 is connected to the support column 2 by a thread, and the circumferential outer wall of the support column 2 is slidably connected to the movable plate 3, the opposite side of the base 1 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate, the top middle outer wall of the connecting plate is rotatably connected to the screw rod 5, and the screw rod 5 passes through the middle of the movable plate 3, the top of the screw rod 5 and the support column 2 are both connected to the limit ring 4 by thread, one side of the movable plate 3 is fixed with a mounting plate 6 by bolts, the lower end of the mounting plate 6 is connected to a moving mechanism 9 by a guide shaft 8, and the bottom of the moving mechanism 9 is fixedly connected to a detection component 10, a placement groove is opened on the top of the opposite side of the two bases 1, and a road surface sample 11 is clamped in the placement groove, the top outer walls of the two bases 1 near both sides of the road surface sample 11 are fixedly connected to the support plate, and the bottoms of both ends of the moving mechanism 9 are magnetically connected to the support plate;

[0035] The outer wall of the back side of the movable plate 3 is fixed with a servo motor 15 through a support plate, and one side of the mounting plate 6 is connected to a rotating shaft 17 through a bearing. The circumference of the rotating shaft 17 is connected to the helical gear set 7 through a thread, and the helical gear set 7 includes two helical gears that mesh vertically with each other. The end of the mounting plate 6 vertically penetrates and is rotatably connected to a rotating rod. The horizontal helical gear in the helical gear set 7 is fixedly connected to the circumference of the rotating rod. The bottom end of the rotating rod is connected to the guide shaft 8 through a thread. The output end of the rotating shaft 17 and the servo motor 15 is connected to a transmission wheel through a thread. The two transmission wheels are circumferentially sleeved with the same transmission belt 16. A guide hole is opened on the side of the movable plate 3 close to the output end of the servo motor 15, and the transmission belt 16 passes through the guide hole.

[0036] The bottom circumferential outer wall of the screw rod 5 is connected to the horizontal gear 12 through a thread, and the top outer wall of the connecting plate close to the horizontal gear 12 is connected to the horizontal gear 2 13 through a thread. The horizontal gear 12 and the horizontal gear 2 13 are meshed with each other, and the top end of the inner shaft of the horizontal gear 2 13 is connected to the adjusting button 14 through a thread.

[0037] During operation, the pavement sample 11 is placed in the placement slot for fixation, and the adjusting knob 14 is rotated to drive the horizontal gear 2 13 to rotate, and the rotating horizontal gear 2 13 drives the horizontal gear 1 12 to rotate, and the rotating horizontal gear 12 drives the screw rod 5 to rotate. During the rotation of the screw rod 5, the movable plate 3 is driven to move vertically downward on the circumference of the support column 2, so that the bottom of the detection assembly 10 is against the plane of the pavement sample 11;

[0038] Next, the servo motor 15 is started, and the rotating shaft 17 is driven to rotate through the transmission belt 16. The rotating rotating shaft 17 drives the bevel gear set 7 to work, thereby realizing the rotation of the guide shaft 8. The guide shaft 8 drives the moving mechanism 9 below it to work, so that the detection component 10 below the moving mechanism 9 completes horizontal reciprocating motion and completes the detection of the surface flatness of the road surface sample 11.

[0039] In order to ensure the quality of road surface smoothness detection; Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the moving mechanism 9 includes a sliding plate 901, a connecting shaft 902, a protruding plate 903, a telescopic plate 905, a guide rail 906, a guide groove 907, a V-shaped rotating plate 908, a guide wheel 909 and a trapezoidal guide block 910, and the connecting shaft 902 is connected to the bottom of the guide shaft 8 by a thread, and the V-shaped rotating plate 908 is connected to the bottom end circumference of the connecting shaft 902 by a thread, and the guide wheel 909 is rotatably connected to the V ends on both sides of the V-shaped rotating plate 908;

[0040] The extended ends of the telescopic plates 905 are attached to the top of the support plate, and the guide rails 906 are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two telescopic plates 905. The guide grooves 907 are opened at the top of the guide rails 906, and the bottoms of both ends of the sliding plate 901 are slidably connected in the guide grooves 907 through trapezoidal guide blocks 910.

[0041] The guide groove 907 forms a sliding fit with the trapezoidal guide block 910. Each two protruding plates 903 are provided at the top four corners of the sliding plate 901, and the circumference of the guide wheel 909 forms a sliding fit with the opposite side of each two protruding plates 903.

[0042] The moving mechanism 9 also includes a touch sensor 904 and mounting holes 911, and each two mounting holes 911 are respectively opened on the front side and the back side of the sliding plate 901. The touch sensor 904 is connected to the inner side of one end of the telescopic plate 905 near the guide groove 907 by bolts. The two ends of the detection component 10 are fixedly connected to the mounting holes 911. The model of the touch sensor 904 is SensTouch-305P.

[0043] When the rotating rod rotates, it drives the guide shaft 8 to rotate. The rotating guide shaft 8 drives the connecting shaft 902 to rotate. The rotating connecting shaft 902 drives the V-shaped rotating plate 908 at its bottom to rotate. During the rotation of the V-shaped rotating plate 908, the guide wheel 909 at the V end rolls between each two protruding plates 903, pushing the sliding plate 901 to move horizontally back and forth within the guide rail 906. The detection assembly 10 located below the sliding plate 901 also moves synchronously.

[0044] During one reciprocating movement of the sliding plate 901, the touch sensor 904 is activated, and the touch sensor 904 transmits the touch information to the controller through the signal line. The controller counts the number of reciprocating movements, which facilitates the detection component 10 to perform multiple detections on the surface of the road sample 11. It not only solves the problem of large detection errors caused by the unevenness of the road surface when the pulley rolls on the road surface in the existing technology, but also ensures the quality of the road surface flatness detection.

[0045] In order to improve the efficiency of highway pavement smoothness detection; Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the detection assembly 10 includes a U-shaped plate 1001, a fastening bolt 1002, a fixing plate 1003, a mounting cover 1005 and a connecting hole 1006, and the U-shaped plate 1001 is fixedly connected to the mounting holes 911 on both sides of the sliding plate 901 through the fastening bolt 1002, and each two connecting holes 1006 are opened at both ends of the U-shaped plate 1001;

[0046] The connection hole 1006 has the same diameter as the mounting hole 911. The fixing plate 1003 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the U-shaped plate 1001 at an equal distance. A mounting groove is provided on the front side of the fixing plate 1003, and the mounting cover 1005 is connected to one side of the mounting groove by a hinge.

[0047] The detection assembly 10 further includes a test wheel 1004, a laser ranging sensor 1007, a spring 1008, a reflector 1009 and a support base 1010, wherein the spring 1008 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed plate 1003, and the top of the support base 1010 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the spring 1008;

[0048] The reflector 1009 is fixedly connected to the top of the support base 1010. The test wheel 1004 is rotated to connect to one side of the support base 1010. The laser distance sensor 1007 is fixedly connected to the installation slot, and the laser detection end of the laser distance sensor 1007 passes through the bottom of the fixed plate 1003. The model of the laser distance sensor 1007 is CP25QXVT80.

[0049] When the sliding plate 901 moves back and forth horizontally, it drives the U-shaped plate 1001 to move synchronously. During this process, the test wheel 1004 located at the bottom of the U-shaped plate 1001 reciprocates and rolls the surface of the road sample 11. When the test wheel 1004 rolls and encounters unevenness on the road surface, the spring 1008 above the support seat 1010 will be lifted up reciprocatingly.

[0050] At the same time, the laser ranging sensor 1007 is working. When the spring 1008 contracts, the laser ranging sensor 1007 measures that the distance between the reflector 1009 and the reflector becomes shorter, indicating that the road surface rolled by the test wheel 1004 is convex, and the reverse road surface is concave. The laser ranging sensor 1007 transmits the data measured each time to the controller through the signal line, and the controller records the data. Thus, multiple groups of test wheels 1004 move back and forth on the surface of the road surface sample 11, and the laser ranging sensor 1007 measures the distance change of the undulations, thereby improving the efficiency of the road surface smoothness.

[0051] Example 2:

[0052] A road surface quality detection device for highway engineering, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in order to reduce the error in the surface flatness detection of the road sample 11 and improve the detection accuracy, a detection mechanism is established by combining the number of horizontal reciprocating movements of the detection assembly 10 driven by the sliding plate 901 and the undulating distance of each test wheel 1004 measured by the laser ranging sensor 1007. The algorithm steps are as follows:

[0053] Assume that the number of times the sliding plate 901 drives the detection assembly 10 to move horizontally back and forth is n, where n=1, 2, 3, ...;

[0054] For the nth reciprocating movement, the ith test wheel 1004 (assuming there are m test wheels 1004, i = 1, 2, 3, ..., m), the corresponding undulation distance measured by the laser ranging sensor 1007 is d i,n .

[0055] The average bully distance of the i-th test round 1004 at each measurement is defined as

[0056] The overall average undulation distance of multiple measurements of each test round 1004 is defined as

[0057] Step 1: Calculate the average undulation distance of each test wheel 1004

[0058] In order to reduce the random error of a single measurement, the average fluctuation distance of each test wheel 1004 during multiple reciprocating movements is first calculated. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] Step 2: Calculate the overall average undulation distance

[0061] The average of the average undulation distances of all test wheels 1004 is calculated as a comprehensive indicator for measuring the road surface smoothness:

[0062]

[0063] Step 3: Calculate the standard deviation of the measured values ​​for each test round 1004

[0064] In order to evaluate the dispersion of the measurement data, the standard deviation of the measurement values ​​of each test round 1004 is calculated. The standard deviation reflects the degree of dispersion of the measurement values ​​of each test round 1004 relative to their average value. The smaller the standard deviation, the more concentrated the measurement data and the more reliable the measurement results.

[0065] Step 4: Calculate the overall standard deviation

[0066] In order to comprehensively evaluate the dispersion of all test rounds 1004 measurement data, the overall standard deviation is calculated. The smaller the overall standard deviation is, the more concentrated the measurement data of all test rounds 1004 are, and the higher the reliability of the measurement results is.

[0067] Step 5: Error correction and flatness assessment

[0068] Based on the above calculation results, error correction and road surface smoothness evaluation are performed. If the standard deviation σ of a certain test wheel 1004 is i If it is too large, it means that the measurement data of the test wheel 1004 is highly discrete and there may be abnormalities. In this case, the measurement data of the test wheel 1004 can be further analyzed, or a smaller weight can be given when calculating the overall average undulation distance. Finally, the flatness of the road surface sample can be evaluated based on the overall average undulation distance D and the overall standard deviation θ. The smaller D is, the smoother the road surface is, and the smaller θ is, the more reliable the measurement result is.

[0069] In summary, the number of horizontal reciprocating movements of the detection component 10 driven by the sliding plate 901 and the ups and downs distance of each test wheel 1004 measured by the laser ranging sensor 1007 can effectively reduce the error in the surface flatness detection of the road sample 11 and improve the accuracy of the detection. In practical applications, the algorithm can be further optimized and adjusted according to specific needs to improve the judgment of the results.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A road surface quality detection device for highway engineering, comprising a base (1) fixed by a connecting plate, a movable plate (3) and a road surface sample (11), characterized in that: Support columns (2) for vertically sliding the movable plate (3) are provided on both sides of the top of the base (1). The top of the connecting plate is rotatably connected to a screw rod (5) passing through the middle section of the movable plate (3). The tops of the support columns (2) and the screw rod (5) are fixedly connected to a limiting ring (4). The front of the movable plate (3) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (6). The bottom of the mounting plate (6) is connected to a movable mechanism (9) via a guide shaft (8). A detection component (10) is provided at the bottom of the movable mechanism (9). Placement grooves for fixing a pavement sample (11) are provided on both sides of the top of the base (1). The top outer walls of the two bases (1) near both sides of the pavement sample (11) are fixedly connected to the support plates. The bottoms of both ends of the movable mechanism (9) are magnetically connected to the support plates.

2. A road surface quality detection device for highway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the back side of the movable plate (3) is fixed with a servo motor (15) through a support plate, and a rotating shaft (17) is connected to one side of the mounting plate (6) through a bearing. A helical gear set (7) is provided on the circumference of the rotating shaft (17), and the helical gear set (7) includes two helical gears that mesh vertically with each other. The end of the mounting plate (6) is vertically penetrated and rotatably connected with a rotating rod. The horizontal helical gear in the helical gear set (7) is fixedly connected to the circumference of the rotating rod. The bottom end of the rotating rod is connected to the guide shaft (8) through a thread. A transmission wheel is provided at the output end of the rotating shaft (17) and the servo motor (15). The two transmission wheels are sleeved with the same transmission belt (16) on their circumferences. A guide hole is opened on the side of the movable plate (3) close to the output end of the servo motor (15), and the transmission belt (16) passes through the guide hole.

3. A road surface quality detection device for highway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontal gear 1 (12) is provided on the outer wall of the bottom circumference of the screw rod (5), and a horizontal gear 2 (13) is provided on the outer wall of the top of the connecting plate close to the horizontal gear 1 (12). The horizontal gear 1 (12) and the horizontal gear 2 (13) are meshed with each other, and an adjusting button (14) is provided on the top end of the inner shaft of the horizontal gear 2 (13).

4. A road surface quality detection device for highway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism (9) comprises a sliding plate (901), a connecting shaft (902), a convex plate (903), a telescopic plate (905), a guide rail (906), a guide groove (907), a V-shaped rotating plate (908), a guide wheel (909) and a trapezoidal guide block (910), wherein the connecting shaft (902) is connected to the bottom of the guide shaft (8) through a thread, and the V-shaped rotating plate (908) is connected to the bottom end circumference of the connecting shaft (902) through a thread, and the guide wheel (909) is rotatably connected to the V ends on both sides of the V-shaped rotating plate (908).

5. A road surface quality detection device for highway engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The extended ends of the telescopic plates (905) are adsorbed on the top of the support plate, and the guide rails (906) are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two telescopic plates (905). The guide grooves (907) are opened on the tops of the guide rails (906), and the bottoms of both ends of the sliding plate (901) are slidably connected in the guide grooves (907) through trapezoidal guide blocks (910).

6. A road surface quality detection device for highway engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide groove (907) forms a sliding fit with the trapezoidal guide block (910), and each two protruding plates (903) are opened at the top four corners of the sliding plate (901), and the circumference of the guide wheel (909) forms a sliding fit with the opposite side of each two protruding plates (903).

7. A road surface quality detection device for highway engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The moving mechanism (9) further comprises a touch sensor (904) and a mounting hole (911), and each two mounting holes (911) are respectively opened on the front side and the back side of the sliding plate (901), the touch sensor (904) is arranged on the inner side of one end of the telescopic plate (905) close to the guide groove (907), and the two ends of the detection component (10) are fixedly connected in the mounting holes (911).

8. A road surface quality detection device for highway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection assembly (10) comprises a U-shaped plate (1001), a fastening bolt (1002), a fixing plate (1003), a mounting cover (1005) and a connecting hole (1006), wherein the U-shaped plate (1001) is fixedly connected to the mounting holes (911) on both sides of the sliding plate (901) through the fastening bolt (1002), and each of the two connecting holes (1006) is provided at both ends of the U-shaped plate (1001), and the connecting holes (1006) and the mounting holes (911) have the same aperture, and the fixing plate (1003) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the U-shaped plate (1001) at equal distances, and a mounting groove is provided on one side of the front of the fixing plate (1003), and the mounting cover (1005) is connected to one side of the mounting groove via a hinge.

9. A road surface quality detection device for highway engineering according to claim 8, characterized in that: The detection assembly (10) further comprises a test wheel (1004), a laser distance sensor (1007), a spring (1008), a reflector (1009) and a support seat (1010), wherein the spring (1008) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed plate (1003), and the top of the support seat (1010) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the spring (1008).

10. A road surface quality detection device for highway engineering according to claim 9, characterized in that: The reflective mirror (1009) is fixedly connected to the top of the support base (1010), the test wheel (1004) rotates to connect to one side of the support base (1010), the laser distance sensor (1007) is fixedly connected to the installation groove, and the laser detection end of the laser distance sensor (1007) passes through the bottom of the fixed plate (1003).

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